English Grammar: Avoid 5 Common Mistakes with THERE IS / THERE ARE

83,451 views ・ 2017-09-08

English with Jennifer


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

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This is a living room. There is a couch. There is a fireplace.
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There are windows. There are pillows.
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When you were first learning English, you probably made sentences like these
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to talk about things you see or things that exist.
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It seems like an easy topic, right?
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But as you know, simple things become a bit more complicated as you progress in your studies.
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In this lesson, let's make sure you're avoiding common mistakes with There is/There are.
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[title]
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Don't choose the wrong verb form. Use subject-verb agreement.
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We use THERE plus a form of BE to talk about things that exist.
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The focus is on the noun that follows the verb BE.
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We use a singular verb before a singular noun.
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For example, this is a living room. There is a couch. There is a fireplace.
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We use a plural verb before a plural noun.
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There are windows. There are pillows.
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If you have an uncountable noun, remember to use a singular verb.
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There is enough room here for a piano. Usually there is plenty of sunlight.
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Some words can create confusion. "Variety" is a good example.
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Even native speakers get confused and wonder if we should write
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"There is a wide variety of products." OR "There are a wide variety of products."
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Most dictionaries list "variety" (in "a wide variety") as a singular noun,
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which leads us to the conclusion that we should say "There is a wide variety of products."
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But here's another solution: Find an alternative. How about this?
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The store has a wide variety. They sell many different products.
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Don't break the rules at the wrong time.
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You can get away with breaking subject-verb agreement rules, but only in very informal English, especially spoken English.
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I just said the verb has to agree with the noun that follows.
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But in American English, it's become somewhat acceptable to use the contraction "There's" before a plural noun.
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This is my purse, and it's really heavy.
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There's probably a lot of things in here that I don't need.
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Now that's grammatically incorrect.
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I should say, "There are a lot of things that I probably don't need."
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"Things" - that's a plural noun.
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But in fast informal English, I can say, "There's a lot of things..."
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There's a lot of things I probably don't need in here.
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And my listeners won't mind.
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But if you're writing formal email or making a business presentation, I don't recommend following this pattern.
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Follow the rules for subject-verb agreement in more formal situations.
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Use a singular verb before a series of singular nouns.
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Here's an example. I'll tell you about the things in this living room.
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There's a couch, a rug, a bookcase, and a piano.
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Although I listed more than one thing, the item that immediately followed the verb BE was a singular noun: a couch.
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It sounds more natural to use a singular verb.
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There is a couch.
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It's understood that I could repeat "there is" before each item in the list, but I say it only once.
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There is a couch, a rug, a bookcase, and a piano.
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Use the word "any" correctly with There is/There are.
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We use "any" in questions and in negative statements.
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To ask whether something exists, you don't need "any."
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For example, I could ask, "Is there a post office nearby?"
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If you don't care about specific details and you only want a yes-no answer, then you can use "any."
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For example: Is there any electrician who charges less than $100 an hour?
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I want to know: Is there one? Anyone?
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Name anyone for me who charges less than $100 an hour.
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In a negative statement, I use "any" to express what I have nothing of.
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For example, there aren't any flowers in this room.
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There isn't any place to take a long nap.
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In negative statements, we use "any" with "not."
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For emphasis, we could simply use "no." As in, there's no place like home.
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As a writer, don't overuse "there is/there are"
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because then you're writing will sound wordy.
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Let's take a moment to consider a difference between speaking and writing.
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We might use "there is/there are" quite a lot in conversation
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not only to talk about what exists, but also to recall information or facts.
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For example, my husband might complain that we can't go out to dinner because we don't have a babysitter.
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But then I can mention a possibility that he might have forgotten.
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And I want him to recall this fact.
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I could say, "Well, there's our neighbor. Couldn't we ask her?"
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I'm presenting this possibility to consider.
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Now let's switch to a written context.
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Take a look and tell me if you like how this email sounds.
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[reads]
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This could be less wordy, couldn't it?
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Let's compare this version to another.
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[reads]
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Did you note the changes?
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Do you see how I reduced the number of times I used "There is/There are"?
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Okay. How well have you been listening?
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Let's do a quick check.
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Choose the correct verb.
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Answers.
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1. There is a bunch of stuff in the hallway.
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"Stuff" is an uncountable noun.
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There is stuff. How much stuff? A lot of stuff. A bunch of stuff.
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There's a bunch of stuff in the hallway.
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2. We still have to clean the upstairs. There's the bathroom, the two bedrooms, and the attic.
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Here we have a string of nouns. The first item is singular: bathroom.
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So it makes sense to use a singular verb.
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It's understood that we could use "There is/There are" constructions before each item.
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But is sounds most natural to use "there is." There's the bathroom...
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3. Are there any questions at this time?
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"Questions" is a plural noun. We need a plural verb.
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And it's a question, so it makes sense to use "any" to ask about the existence of questions.
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4. There is no substitute for the support of a good friend.
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Remember in negative statements, we could use "not" + "any" OR the word "no" + the noun.
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There is no (what?) There is no substitute.
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Here's a bonus task. How would you rewrite this statement to make it more concise?
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Here's my suggestion:
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[reads]
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Well, there's probably more we can talk about, but we'll end here.
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I hope you found this useful.
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Thanks for watching and happy studies!
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