Level Up Your English Vocabulary! Learn 53 Everyday Expressions in One News Article

60,929 views

2024-09-02 ใƒป JForrest English


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Level Up Your English Vocabulary! Learn 53 Everyday Expressions in One News Article

60,929 views ใƒป 2024-09-02

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Do you ever experience brain fatigue?
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๋‡Œ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:03
Do you know what that is?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•„์„ธ์š”?
00:05
Well, today we'll review one news article.
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
You'll learn what brain fatigue is,ย ย 
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๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€,
00:10
how to combat it, and you'll learnย  53 everyday English expressions.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  53๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์ƒ ์˜์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
Of course, I'm Jennifer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
Now let's get started.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
First, I'll read the headline Combatย  brain fatigue with these top expert tips.
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๋จผ์ € ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํŒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ ํ‡ด์น˜๋ผ๋Š” ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
We're talking about brain fatigue.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‡Œ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
When your brain feels like this.
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋•Œ.
00:30
Notice the pronunciation here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:32
Fatigue.
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ํ”ผ๋กœ.
00:34
EEG fatigue.
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๋‡ŒํŒŒ ํ”ผ๋กœ.
00:36
Repeat after me Fatigue.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ํ”ผ๋กœ.
00:39
Fatigue means extreme tiredness.
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ํ”ผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
Notice it's a noun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:45
Combat brain fatigue.
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๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
00:47
It's a something.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
Tiredness is a something.
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ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
Let's review these two sentences andย  see if you can identify the difference.
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์ด ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
I feel fatigue after studying English.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค.
01:00
I feel fatigued after studying English.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค.
01:04
You may notice that the pronunciationย  is almost identical because this Dย ย 
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01:09
in fatigued is extremely soft and youย  don't really hear it at a natural pace.
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Fatiated์˜ ์ด D๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์†๋„๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
But what is the difference inย  grammar or meaning between these two?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ๋‘˜์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
01:21
The meaning is basicallyย  identical, but fatigue here.
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์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์ผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ํ”ผ๋กœํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
This is a noun.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
You can feel something.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
I feel happiness when I look atย  a beautiful sunrise, for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ผ์ถœ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ํ–‰๋ณต๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
Now I feel fatigued, This is an adjective.
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์ด์ œ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
I feel happy when I look at a beautiful sunrise.
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ผ์ถœ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
So the meaning is the same,ย  but the grammar is different.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋™์ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
This is a noun and this is the adjective form.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
And you can feel for both of them and noticeย  that pronunciation is almost identical.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
So what about you?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•œ ํ›„
01:57
Do you feel fatigue the noun or do you feelย  fatigued the adjective after studying English?
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
02:03
If you do put that's me, that's me in the commentsย ย 
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ € ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ์œผ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ๊ธ€
02:07
and know that as we'll learn inย  this article, it's very common.
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์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์„ธ์š”.
02:12
So don't feel bad if you say that's me.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ๋‚˜๋น ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ •์‹ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
02:14
I certainly feel fatigued afterย  I do a lot of mental work.
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๋‚˜๋ฉด ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:20
Now notice how they sayย  combat, combat, brain fatigue.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ „ํˆฌ, ์ „ํˆฌ, ๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:25
You could also say fight brainย  fatigue, or battle or combat.
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๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ „ํˆฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์ „ํˆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€
02:29
Notice all three of these have the sameย  visual image of fighting brain fatigue.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
So you have 3 alternatives in your vocabulary.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜์—๋Š” 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
Don't worry about taking notes.
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๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
02:40
I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋ ˆ์Šจ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
Now let's start the article andย  learn how put your thinking cap on.
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์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ ฅ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:51
Have you heard of this before?
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์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
02:53
Put your thinking cap on.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”.
02:55
This is an idiom and it means get readyย  to think hard or think creatively.
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์ด๋Š” ์ˆ™์–ด์ด๋ฉฐ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
So if you're discussing a problem atย  work or at home, someone could say,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” '
03:07
let's put our thinking caps onย  because it's one's thinking cap.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์ž'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:14
So if you have more than one,ย  you would add an S to cap.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 2๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•œ๋„์— S๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
03:19
Let's put our thinking caps on and figureย  out how to reduce the budget, for example.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:27
That's the problem you want to solve.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
So at the beginning of this lesson, Iย  could say to you, put your thinking cap on.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
You're going to learn a lot of new vocabulary,ย ย 
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ,
03:39
so get ready to think hard and don't worry ifย  you feel fatigued by the end of this lesson.
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ , ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ์ฏค ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
03:45
As a result.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ.
03:46
Put your thinking cap on.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”.
03:48
People often hear, so this is a commonย  expression is what they're saying.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ”ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
After all, that's what our brain is for.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
Your brain is for thinking.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
That's the purpose and what many are paid to do.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
You are paid to think at your job.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŒํผ ๋ณด์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
That's what you're paid to do.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
You're paid to think, but a new study finds thatย  people see a downside to such mental expenditures.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ์ด ๋“ค์ง€๋งŒ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์— ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
Thinking can be a pain do you know whatย  a downside is put your thinking cap on.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:27
A downside is a negativeย  aspect, it's a disadvantage.
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๋‹จ์ ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด์ž ๋‹จ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
So we talk about the downsides, theย  disadvantages, and the opposite is the upside.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ , ๋‹จ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žฅ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
Or there can be plural, the upsides,ย  the advantages, the positive aspects.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•, ์žฅ์ , ์žฅ์ , ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
So you could say there are manyย  upsides to learning English.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
But there I just noticed I have a typo here.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜คํƒ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
But there are downsides too.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
I was thinking of writing.
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๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
There can be downsides tooย  but there are downsides too.
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๋‹จ์ ๋„ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์ ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
So this means there are manyย  positive aspects to learningย ย 
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์ฆ‰, ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์—๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ๋งŽ์ง€๋งŒ
05:08
English but there can be some negative aspects.
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด๋„ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
For example, how much time it takes orย  how much mental expenditure there is.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์†Œ์š”๋˜๋Š”์ง€, ์ •์‹ ์  ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Those can be the downsides, so youย  can put in the comments the upsideย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์˜ ์žฅ์ ์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‹ฌ๊ณ 
05:23
to learning English is and then you canย  do the same thing with the downside is,ย ย 
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๋‹จ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ
05:29
and then you can share a pointย  in the comments to practices.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—์„œ ์—ฐ์Šต ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:33
It's very common.
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๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
Use the upside or the downside.
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์žฅ์ ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:36
Remember it can be singular, just talkingย  about one, or you can make it plural.
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๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:41
The upsides and downsides, the choiceย  is yours, so put that in the comments.
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์žฅ์ ๊ณผ ๋‹จ์ , ์„ ํƒ์€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋ชซ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
05:47
An upside and a downside.
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์žฅ์ ๊ณผ ๋‹จ์ .
05:49
Let's look at mental expenditure because I useย ย 
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05:52
this in my example as wellย  as one of the downsides.
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๋‚ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹จ์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
Expenditures financially are things youย  spend money on your monthly expenditures.
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์žฌ์ •์  ์ง€์ถœ์€ ์›”๋ณ„ ์ง€์ถœ๋กœ ๋ˆ์„ ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
So if it's a mental expenditure,ย  it means you're spending.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์ง€์ถœ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
But what are you spending?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
06:09
You're not spending money.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
You're spending your mentalย  effort or your mental energy.
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์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ •์‹ ์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
So mental expenditures is theย  amount of effort or energy required.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Let's look at this next part.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
Thinking can be a pain, a painย  to describe something as a pain.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ณ ํ†ต์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
It can be painful, meaning physical.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
I have all pain.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
Oh, I have a pain.
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์•„, ์•„ํŒŒ์š”.
06:35
This means my neck hurts.
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๋ชฉ์ด ์•„ํ”„๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
06:39
This area is painful, so it's physical.
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์ด ๋ถ€์œ„๋Š” ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
But we also use this to describe something asย  frustrating or annoying, and we use this a lot.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
For example, maybe you agreeย  driving during rush hour is a pain.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
It's annoying, it's frustrating, soย  it causes mental or emotional pain.
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์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๊ณ , ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•ด์„œ ์ •์‹ ์ , ์ •์„œ์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
Driving during rush hour is a pain.
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์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— that's me๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ๋Š”
07:08
You can put that's right or that's right insteadย  of that's me put that's right in the comments.
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๋Œ€์‹  that's right ๋˜๋Š” that's right๋ผ๊ณ  ์ž…๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:14
If you agree that this is a pain.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด.
07:17
So just remember grammatically, it's toย  be and then you need this article a pain.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
So something that that's whyย  we have this gerund verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
Something is your verb to be a pain.
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Something์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
Again, if you agree that this is a pain, butย  that's right, that's right in the comments.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ์ง€๋งŒย ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
Are you enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
07:41
If you are, then I want to tell youย  about the Finally Fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ Fluent Academy์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
This is my premium training program whereย  we study native English speakers from TV,ย ย 
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TV,
07:52
the movies, YouTube, and the news.
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์˜ํ™”, ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ, ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
So you can improve your listeningย  skills of fast English, expand yourย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ,
07:59
vocabulary with natural expressions,ย  and learn advanced grammar easily.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
Plus, you'll have me as your personal coach.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
You can look in the description forย  the link to learn more or you can goย ย 
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ๋งํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
08:12
to my website and click on Finally Fluent Academy.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ Final Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
08:15
Now let's continue with our lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก 
08:19
Such work isn't actual pain,ย  of course, because rememberย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
08:23
we talked about something can be painfulย  physically or just frustrating, annoying.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์œก์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ขŒ์ ˆ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์งœ์ฆ๋‚  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
So the physical, the mental expenditure, suchย  work, the mental expenditure isn't actual pain.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์œก์ฒด์ , ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ, ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
Of course, your brain has no nerve ending.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‡Œ์—๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์ข…๋ง์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
So your brain does not feel pain.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‡Œ๋Š” ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
I didn't know that.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹ค.
08:44
Did you know that?
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์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
08:45
So a pain in the brain is notย  like having a pain in the neck.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‡Œ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ์€ ๋ชฉ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
And that's the exact example I gave before a pain.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ฒช๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
And it is interesting becauseย  this full expression is the idiom.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์™„์ „ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
So you could say driving duringย  rush hour is a pain in the neckย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชฉ์ด ์•„ํ”„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:07
is the full expression to say thatย  something is frustrating or annoying.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์งœ์ฆ๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
But native speakers generally just leaveย  out in the neck and just say a pain.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชฉ์„ ๋นผ๋†“๊ณ  ๊ณ ํ†ต๋งŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
So I expanded that with the full expression, butย  it's in brackets to show you that it's optional.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ „์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์„ ํƒ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž„์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์— ํ‘œ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
And honestly, it's more common to just say a pain.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
But the mental effort, Remember beforeย  we described this as mental expenditure,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ, ์•ž์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
09:34
The mental effort it takes to think hard can be soย ย 
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋“œ๋Š” ์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด
09:39
upsetting that some people willย  choose physical pain instead.
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๊ดด๋กœ์›Œ์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€์‹  ์œก์ฒด์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ
09:44
So here the article ended on instead becauseย  the alternative was already mentioned.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์‹  ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:51
Think hard.
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
09:52
That's the alternative.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
So choose physical pain instead.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋Œ€์‹  ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
09:56
But just remember, if you write out the fullย  alternative, you have to say instead of.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์ฒด ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์— '~'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:03
The preposition choice is of and then yourย  verb needs to be an ING instead of thinking.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ์„ ํƒ์€ of์ด๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” Think ๋Œ€์‹  ING๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
Or I could add, instead of thinking hard,ย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:13
but you don't have to becauseย  that alternative is clearly known.
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๊ทธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ตณ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
But I just want you to remember whatย  preposition and the grammar that you need.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด๋‘์‹œ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
A 2020 study asked people if they would prefer toย ย 
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2020๋…„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
10:25
do a difficult memory task, rememberingย  if a card reappeared after a distraction.
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์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์ง„ ํ›„์— ์นด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
This is the difficult memory task.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์ด๋‹ค.
10:36
A distraction is something that causesย  you to change your focus or attention.
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๋ฐฉํ•ด ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
Right now you're focusingย  on this lesson, hopefully,ย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
10:46
but then if you heard a noise in the otherย  room, you might want to go see what happened.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ์†Œ์Œ์ด ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์ง์ ‘ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
You leave this lesson.
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
So that noise was a distraction.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์†Œ์Œ์€ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
It caused you to change yourย  focus or your attention.
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๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ดˆ์ ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
We use this a lot in the verb form to beย  distracted, to be distracted, distracted.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ' ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค, ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค, ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
11:07
Notice that's the passive form.
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์ˆ˜๋™ํ˜•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:09
So you have your verb to beย  that needs to be conjugatedย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ be ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
11:12
and then distracted is always in the Ed form.
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์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•จ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ Ed ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '
11:16
You could say, sorry, I was distracted,ย  sorry I didn't hear you, I was distracted.
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๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”, ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์ ธ์„œ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”, ๋‹น์‹  ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”, ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ–ˆ์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
And then you could add on, Iย  was distracted by the noise.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ง๋ถ™์ด์ž๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ์†Œ์Œ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
So if your friend is telling youย  a story and then you realize youย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
11:30
weren't actually focusing on your friend, youย  were focusing on the noise in the other room.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์˜ ์†Œ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
So your friend and says So what do you think?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
11:38
And then you say sorry I was distracted.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์„œ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
Can you say that again or experience searing pain.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ฒช์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:47
So remember the choice was would youย  prefer to do a difficult memory taskย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ ํƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์— ๋‹ฟ๋Š” ์—ด ์žฅ์น˜
11:52
or experience searing pain from aย  heat device held against the skin.
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๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:59
Notice how my tone changed when I read that?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฝ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚ด ์–ด์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
12:02
Because the adjective a searing pain,ย  that sounds like an extreme pain.
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ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
So if you burn your finger, if you do it justย  like that, it probably wouldn't be searing.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์— ํ™”์ƒ์„ ์ž…์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ™”์ƒ์„ ์ž…์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
But if you hold your finger on a heat source,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ด์›์— ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์„ ๋Œ€๋ฉดย ย  ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ
12:20
then that would result in aย  searing pain, an extreme pain.
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ํ†ต์ฆ, ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์†
12:26
Before we move on, notice they saidย  prefer to do a difficult memory task.
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์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:32
Verbs of preference often use theย  gerund, but some of them are flexible.
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์„ ํ˜ธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
Prefer is one of those verbs.
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Prefer๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
So you can say prefer doing or prefer to do.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
In this case, they use prefer to doย  remember a difficult memory task orย ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
12:51
experience searing extreme intense painย  from a heat device held against the skin.
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ํ”ผ๋ถ€์— ๋‹ฟ๋Š” ์—ด ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
Which would you prefer #1 the difficultย  memory task or #2 the searing pane?
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#1 ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…๊ณผ #2 ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ฐฝ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
13:04
Put one or two put your choice in the comments.
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1~2๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๋‹ฌ์•„์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
13:08
One or two put it in the comments.
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ํ•œ๋‘๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๋‹ฌ์•„์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
13:12
When the pain was minor,ย  most people chose the heat.
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ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๊ฒฝ๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์˜จ์—ด์š”๋ฒ•์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
To me this is a slight contradictionย  because the definition of searing painย ย 
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์˜ ์ •์˜๊ฐ€
13:24
is extreme or intense, so it isn't minorย  because a minor pain isn't a searing pain.
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๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์€ ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
To be honest, when the pain wasย  minor, more people chose the heat,ย ย 
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์†”์งํžˆ ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๊ฒฝ๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์˜จ์—ด์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
13:37
but that number dropped as the pain increased.
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ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ์‹ฌํ•ด์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ทธ ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
So as it moved closer to being a searing pain,ย  more people chose the difficult memory task.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์“ฐ๋ผ๋ฆฐ ๊ณ ํ†ต์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:49
However, 28% of the participants stillย  chose physical pain over mental strain.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž ์ค‘ 28%๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ธด์žฅ๋ณด๋‹ค ์œก์ฒด์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
So mental strain.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ธด์žฅ.
13:59
Strain represents the expenditure,ย  the effort or the energy.
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๋ถ€๋‹ด์€ ์ง€์ถœ, ๋…ธ๋ ฅ ๋˜๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
Strain is also a noun and it has the sameย  meaning as fatigue, extreme tiredness.
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์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ธ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ”ผ๋กœ, ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:14
Personally, I hear the wordย  strain being used most with eyes.
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆˆ์— ๊ธด์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
A lot of people talk about eyes strain,ย  especially from staring at a screen all day.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆˆ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ, ํŠนํžˆ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ํ™”๋ฉด์„ ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ”ผ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
So you might say my eyes become strained.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด ๋ˆˆ์ด ๊ธด์žฅ๋๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
14:28
Strained.
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ํŒฝํŒฝํ•œ.
14:29
So this is the adjective Edย  strained and then this is your verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ Ed ๊ธด์žฅ์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ
14:34
My eyes become strained at the end ofย  the day after staring at a computer.
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๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ  ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ์ด ํ”ผ๋กœํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:40
Or you could ask, do you knowย  how I can combat eye strain?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
14:45
So just as they talked about combat brain fatigue,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ ํ‡ด์น˜,
14:49
fight against or battle brain fatigue, you canย  use combat eye strain or battle eye strain.
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๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ ํ‡ด์น˜ ๋˜๋Š” ํ‡ด์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ˆˆ ํ”ผ๋กœ ํ‡ด์น˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆˆ ํ”ผ๋กœ ํ‡ด์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:57
You could say eye fatigue, but I hear theย  word strain used specifically with your eyes.
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๋ˆˆ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ˆˆ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
Is that a problem you have fromย  staring at a computer all day?
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฒช๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
15:09
So mental strain, mental fatigue,ย  even when the pain was most intense.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ธด์žฅ, ์ •์‹ ์  ํ”ผ๋กœ, ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ์—๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:14
So the pain was searing andย  that was 28% of participants.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์€ ๊ทน์‹ฌํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž์˜ 28%์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:23
How can this be?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
15:24
How could 28% of people choose aย  searing pain over a mental task?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ 28%์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ •์‹ ์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—…๋ณด๋‹ค ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:31
After all, many do puzzles, play chess,ย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ’€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฒด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:35
or challenge their brains in allย  sorts of ways during their spare time.
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์˜จ๊ฐ– ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‘๋‡Œ์— ๋„์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:40
Notice these verbs?
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์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋“ค์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
15:42
You do puzzles, but you play chess.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ’€์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‘๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
15:47
So in English, you just have to memorizeย  what verb goes with certain activities.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ํ™œ๋™์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์™ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:54
Sometimes the choice is between do orย  make, but in this case we have do or play.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” do ๋˜๋Š” make ์ค‘์—์„œ ์„ ํƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” do ๋˜๋Š” play ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:01
And of course, spare time is 1's leisure time,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ 1์˜ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ
16:05
the time they have when they're notย  working, they're not doing chores at home.
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ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ง‘์•ˆ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:11
They get to relax and perhapsย  play chess or do a puzzle.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฒด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ’€ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
Yet even in those scenarios, the scenarios whereย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์—์„œ๋„
16:21
people are doing puzzles or playing chessย  or challenging their brains in other ways.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ’€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฒด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‘๋‡Œ์— ๋„์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:27
So those are the scenarios.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:29
Even in those scenarios, studies in the reviewย  found people complained about the mental effort.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
So if you complain about something,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
16:40
it means you express your negativeย  feelings or opinions about it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
I could say some students complained.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:52
So complain is a verb.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ถˆํ‰์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:55
In this case, it's in the past simpleย  form because it's a completed pass action.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ํ†ต๊ณผ ์ž‘์—…์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ํ˜•์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:00
Some students complained thatย  this lesson was too long.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ถˆํ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
So you can use the verb complain plus a clause.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ถˆํ‰๊ณผ ์ ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:08
A clause is a subject.
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์ ˆ์€ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:11
This lesson a verb was andย  then the rest of the sentence.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:15
A clause is a stand alone sentence.
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์ ˆ์€ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:17
So if I take this lesson was too long,ย  that is correct as a sentence on its own.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:23
So you can use complain that and thenย  a clause, or you can complain about.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถˆํ‰์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์กฐํ•ญ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆํ‰์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
But if you use about, you need a something.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ about์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:33
Some students complained about this lesson.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:37
Now this is the actual complaint.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ค์ œ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:40
Now notice all complaint.
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์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถˆ๋งŒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
17:43
This is the noun form.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:45
So if I saw this, this is a complaint.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:48
It's a noun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:50
This lesson was too long.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธธ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
17:53
And then there's some sortย  of negative emoji becauseย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
17:56
you're not satisfied or happy when you complain.
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๋ถˆํ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ด๋ชจํ‹ฐ์ฝ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:00
And of course, it's your right to complainย  as a consumer, as a student, as a viewer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋กœ์„œ, ํ•™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ, ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋กœ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:05
But I certainly hope you don't haveย  any complaints using it as the noun.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด๋„ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ์—†์œผ์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:12
I hope you don't have anyย  complaints about this lesson.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ์—†์œผ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:16
But if you do, please share themย  because I will learn from them.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:20
Let's continue to combat brain fatigueย  so we understand why it's a problem.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์— ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์›Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
18:27
So now we're learning about the solution.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:30
Remember, you know this verb from before toย  combat, to battle, to fight brain fatigue.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ „ํˆฌํ•˜๋‹ค, ์‹ธ์šฐ๋‹ค, ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:38
Now notice how this sentence startsย  with the infinitive 2 plus base verb.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ 2์™€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
18:44
But this is short form for in order to in orderย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š”
18:50
to native speakers just drop the inย  order and just use the infinitive.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด in order๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด in order๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์•ฝ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:55
But if you see this, you know it representsย  in order 2 in order to combat brain fatigue.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 2๋ฒˆ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:02
And then following you will have a clause as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์ ˆ๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:05
Now you know what a clause is.
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์ด์ œ ์ ˆ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€
19:07
It's a complete sentence with the subject aย  verb and the rest of the sentence the object.
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๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ธ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:12
You can schedule regular breaks.
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์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ํœด์‹ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:15
So this is how you are goingย  to combat brain fatigue.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€
19:20
It may seem like you are interruptingย  your mental flow by getting up in theย ย 
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์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์ •์‹ ์  ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
19:25
middle of a task, but a break, especiallyย  a physical one such as a walk outside,ย ย 
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ํœด์‹, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ํœด์‹์€
19:32
refreshes and boosts brain power, experts say.
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๋‘๋‡Œ์— ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถˆ์–ด๋„ฃ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:36
Now, of course, all break is a periodย  of rest from an activity or work.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํœด์‹์€ ํ™œ๋™์ด๋‚˜ ์ผ์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ  ํœด์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:45
After I record this video,ย  I am going to take a break.
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋…นํ™”ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ž ์‹œ ์‰ฌ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ ์ฐจ
19:52
I'll probably make a cup ofย  tea and then come back to work.
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ํ•œ ์ž” ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
19:56
So if quick 5 minute break to prevent eyeย  strain to combat eye strain and mental fatigue.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ˆˆ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 5๋ถ„ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋น ๋ฅธ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ์ •์‹ ์  ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ด๊ฒจ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:06
So notice that verb youย  take all break meaning one.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ all break๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ '1'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
20:10
But you can take breaks which means multiple.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:13
But the verb we use is to take to take a break.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:17
Now to interrupt.
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์ด์ œ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:19
You might know this is similar to a distraction.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:22
You are interrupted by a distraction.
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๋ฐฉํ•ด ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐฉํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:27
The verb to interrupt is when you stopย  something, usually for a short period of time.
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Interrupt๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:33
So you're working and then aย  break interrupts your mental flow.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •์‹ ์  ํ๋ฆ„์ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:41
It stops your mental flow for a period of time.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ • ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ •์‹  ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์ค‘๋‹จ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:43
We commonly use the verb to interrupt whenย  someone is speaking and then someone else speaks,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ง์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
20:50
but then it causes this person to stop speaking.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ง์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:53
This is done in a rude way, but itย  can also be done in a helpful way.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:59
A speaker could be giving a presentation,ย  but then the moderator could say,ย ย 
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๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:03
sorry to interrupt, but we're almostย  out of time, please finish your speech.
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๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•ด์„œ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ๋์œผ๋‹ˆ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
21:09
So that's commonly done inย  formal speeches, debates,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์—ฐ์„ค, ํ† ๋ก ,
21:13
or even in a meeting where you're followingย  a strict agenda and you have to move on.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ์•ˆ๊ฑด์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ๋„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:19
But it's also done in a rude way.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:22
You shouldn't interrupt your teacherย  when she's teaching, for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜์‹ค ๋•Œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:29
But a break, we know what thatย  means, especially a physical 1.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํœด์‹, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ 1์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:33
So my example was to get a cup of tea.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์ฐจ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:36
That's not physical.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:37
A physical one would be such as a walk outside.
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์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:41
So that's physical.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์œก์ฒด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:43
Of course.
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๋ฌผ๋ก .
21:44
It refreshes and boosts brain power.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒ์พŒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘๋‡Œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:48
Experts say let's practiceย  this when I take a break,ย ย 
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์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. When์€ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ
21:53
notice this is in the present simple because whenย  represents whenever, whenever I take a break.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•จ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
22:00
When I take a break, I always, always isย  a keyword for the present simple as well.
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์‰ฌ์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด I Always, Always ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•จ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:06
So your activity will be in the present simple.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ํ™œ๋™์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:08
I shared mine.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
22:10
When I take a break, I always get a cup of tea.
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์‰ฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฐจ ํ•œ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:14
I could also say I always make aย  cup of tea or have a cup of tea.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋“์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:20
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
22:21
What do you do when you take a break?
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์‰ฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
22:24
Put this sentence in the comments orย  just share your activity to practiceย ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‹ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™œ๋™์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์—ฌ
22:29
this expression so you'reย  more likely to remember it.
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:33
Finally.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ.
22:34
So another way to combat brain fatigue.
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๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:38
This was one way take regular breaks, andย  another way cut your brain some slack.
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์ด๋Š” ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:44
Oh, do you know what this means?
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์•„, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
22:47
This is an idiom to cut one some slack.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Š์Šจํ•จ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:51
So remember for idioms you haveย  to remember the exact word.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
22:54
So you must use some slack and oneย  you can replace with whoever theย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฌ์œ ๋ถ„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:01
something or someone is in this caseย  your brain to cut one some slack.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ์œ ๋ถ„์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‘๋‡Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:07
Remember that cut is an irregular verb.
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cut์€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
23:10
All forms are cut the pastย  and the past participle.
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๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:15
Now this means be lenient.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:17
So be more understanding, be lessย  critical and less judgmental.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ข€ ๋” ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋œ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋œ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
23:22
So just understand that yourย  brain gets tired and that's OK.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
23:27
Cut your brain some slackย  rather than beating yourself up.
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์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
23:33
OK, so to physically beat someoneย  up is to to hurt them physically,ย ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:40
but to beat yourself up is toย  be very critical of yourself.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:45
So students do this all the time.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋Š˜ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:47
My English is terrible.
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๋‚ด ์˜์–ด๋Š” ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†์–ด์š”.
23:49
My accent is so thick, my grammar is horrible.
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๋‚ด ์–ต์–‘์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‘๊บผ์›Œ์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†์–ด์š”.
23:54
They beat themselves up.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:56
They're very critical ofย  themselves, of their English skills.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:01
So that's an example of beating yourself up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:04
But in this context, to beatย  yourself up, it would be,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด, '๋‚˜
24:08
I've only been working forย  two hours, why am I tired?
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์ผํ•œ ์ง€ ๋‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ ๋๋Š”๋ฐ ์™œ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด?
24:11
I shouldn't take a break yet.
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์•„์ง์€ ์‰ฌ๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ. ์ด์ œ
24:13
It's only been two hours.
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๋‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ ๋์–ด์š”.
24:15
So that would be very being very critical ofย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
24:18
yourself in terms of yourย  mental fatigue and strain.
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์ •์‹ ์  ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ๊ธด์žฅ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:24
So cut your brain some slack,ย  be lenient understandingย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
24:28
rather than notice this is a gerund expression,ย  so you need the verb in ING after rather than.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ING ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:36
So rather than plus gerund,ย  rather than beating yourself up,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”, ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์ ์ธ ์ผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ
24:40
rather than being very critical of yourselfย  because you're irritated or flustered by aย ย 
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์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
24:47
complicated mental task, recognize thatย  those feelings are part of being human.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž„์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
24:54
And the lesson you should remember is you shouldย  also cut yourself some slack with your English.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ตํ›ˆ์€ ์˜์–ด๋„ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:00
You don't need to beat yourself up.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ž์ฑ…ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:03
Remember that.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
25:05
Now let's look at this last word,ย  flustered, because I really like this word.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋„ค์š”. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:08
It's fun to say flustered, flustered.
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๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค, ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค.
25:13
When you're flustered.
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๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ๋•Œ.
25:15
In this case, it's to be flustered.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:17
So flustered is your adjective.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:20
When you're flustered, it meansย  that you're upset, you're annoyed,ย ย 
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When you're flustered๋Š” ์†์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค, ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๋‹ค,
25:23
you're frustrated, but because you'reย  either confused or you're stressed.
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์ขŒ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:29
This happens to me.
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค.
25:31
I get flustered in airports, very large airports.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณตํ•ญ, ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ๊ณตํ•ญ์—์„œ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:36
I find them very confusing or stressful.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:39
I don't know where I am, I don't know where Iย  need to be, I don't know what the procedure is.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ , ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:44
So I get upset but frustrated, annoyed.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์†์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ด์š”.
25:49
I get flustered in airports.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณตํ•ญ์—์„œ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•œ๋‹ค.
25:53
Now this is the passive form.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋™ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:56
You could also say airports fluster me.
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๊ณตํ•ญ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:01
So this is the active form.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™œ์„ฑ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:02
Airport something to fluster someone?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ณตํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
26:06
Airports fluster me.
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๊ณตํ•ญ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
26:09
What about you?
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26:09
Is there something that flusters you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
26:13
So you could say blank flusters me.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:16
Now notice I have airports because it's plural.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณตํ•ญ์ด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
26:20
It would be they so that's why I have fluster.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
26:24
But if you have one item, you couldย  say, what could I say for one item?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ' ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:29
Maybe math.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:31
Math flusters me.
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
26:34
So this is one item.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:35
So I add that as because it's it, it flusters me.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง๋ถ™์ธ๋‹ค.
26:41
They airports fluster me.
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๊ทธ ๊ณตํ•ญ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
26:44
So for you, thinking of the Englishย  language, you might say phrasal verbsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ( phrasal verb)๊ฐ€
26:49
fluster me, or idioms fluster me,ย  or English grammar flusters me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:56
But the lesson here is cut your brainย  some slack, cut yourself some slack.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ๊ตํ›ˆ์€ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ๋„ ์ข€ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:01
Don't beat yourself up.
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์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
27:02
That's normal and that's part of being human.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •์ƒ์ด๊ณ  ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์กด์žฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:06
I like this lesson at theย  end of this news article.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ๋์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:11
So that's the end of the article.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:13
What I'll do now is I'llย  read it from start to finish.
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ์ด ์ฑ…์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:15
And this time I want you to focus on myย  pronunciation and shadow my pronunciation as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด ์คฌ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
27:21
Combat brain fatigue with these top expert tips.
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์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํŒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
27:25
Put your thinking cap on people often here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์ฃผ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
27:28
After all, that's what our brain isย  paid for and what many are paid to do.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‘๋‡Œ์˜ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€์ด๋ฉฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:32
But a new study finds that people seeย  a downside of such mental expenditures.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์˜ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:38
Thinking can be a pain.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:40
Such work isn't actual pain, of course.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์€ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:43
Your brain has no nerve endings, so a pain inย  the brain is not like having a pain in the neck.
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๋‡Œ์—๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง๋‹จ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‡Œ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ์€ ๋ชฉ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:49
But the mental effort it takes to think hard canย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋“œ๋Š” ์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€
27:51
be so upsetting that some peopleย  will choose physical pain instead.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด์–ด์„œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€์‹  ์œก์ฒด์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:56
A2020 study asked people if they wouldย  prefer to do a difficult memory task,ย ย 
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2020๋…„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์ง„
28:01
remembering if a card reappeared after aย  distraction or experienced searing painย ย 
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ํ›„์— ์นด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
28:07
from a heat device when held against the skin.
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ํ”ผ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€๊ณ  ์—ด ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:11
When the pain was minor,ย  more people chose the heat,ย ย 
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ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๊ฒฝ๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์˜จ์—ด์š”๋ฒ•์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
28:14
but that number dropped as the pain increased.
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ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ์‹ฌํ•ด์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ทธ ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:18
However, 28% of the participants stillย  chose physical pain over mental strain,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž์˜ 28%๋Š” ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ธด์žฅ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹ ์ฒด์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:23
even when the pain was most intense.
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.
28:26
How can this be?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
28:27
After all, many do puzzles, play Chaz,ย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ’€๊ณ , Chaz ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
28:30
or challenge their brains in allย  sorts of ways during their spare time.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‘๋‡Œ์— ๋„์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:36
Yet even in those scenarios, studies in the reviewย  found people complained about the mental effort.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:41
To combat brain fatigue.
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๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด.
28:43
You can schedule regular breaks.
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์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ํœด์‹ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€
28:45
It may seem like you are interruptingย  your mental flow by getting up in theย ย 
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์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์ •์‹ ์  ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
28:49
middle of a task, but a break, especiallyย  a physical one such as a walk outside,ย ย 
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ํœด์‹, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ํœด์‹์€
28:54
refreshes and boosts brain power, experts say.
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๋‘๋‡Œ์— ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถˆ์–ด๋„ฃ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:58
Finally, cut your brain some slack.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ผ๋กœ
29:00
Rather than beating yourself up becauseย  you're irritated or flustered by aย ย 
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์ธํ•ด ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ ์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
29:04
complicated mental task, recognize thatย  those feelings are part of being human.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์กด์žฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„
29:09
Do you want me to make moreย  lessons just like this?
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๋” ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋“œ๋ฆด๊นŒ์š” ?
29:12
If you do them, put let's go, let'sย  go, put let's go in the comments.
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ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— let's go, let's go, put let's go๋ฅผ ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
29:16
And of course, make sure you like this lesson.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
29:18
Share with your friends and subscribe.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
29:20
So you're notified every time I post a new lesson.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:23
And you can get this free speakingย  guide where I share 6 tips on howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:26
to speak English fluently and confidently.
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29:28
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
29:32
And make sure you watch this lesson right now.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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