Read An Article From The BBC With Me To Improve Your FLUENCY

36,670 views ใƒป 2024-12-02

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Today we're going to review a news articleย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:02
from the BBC together to help youย  improve all areas of your English.
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์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” BBC์˜ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:09
Of course.
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๋ฌผ๋ก .
00:10
I'm Jennifer.
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00:10
Now let's get started.
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
Let's review the headline together.
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์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
7 year old, you see him right here in the picture.
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7์‚ด, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์ง„์— ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”.
00:17
7 year old gets job offer from Russian IT firm.
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7์„ธ ์†Œ๋…„์€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ITํšŒ์‚ฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ทจ์—… ์ œ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
Now, this is a headline, so articles andย  auxiliary verbs are omitted to make theย ย 
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ œ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ด€์‚ฌ์™€ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜์—ฌ
00:29
headline as short as possible, and thisย  is accepted even in formal situations.
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ํ‘œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งง๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
However, if you were to write this as a sentence,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ๋ ค๋ฉด
00:38
a regular sentence, thereย  are three articles missing.
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๊ด€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 3๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ๋น ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
Do you know where the articlesย  need to go grammatically?
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๊ด€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:49
Well, let's review this together.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:51
7 year old.
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7์„ธ.
00:53
Notice how there are dashes between this andย  you might notice that there's no S on year.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋Œ€์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์—ฐ๋„์— S๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
So this is because it's anย  adjective and it describes the boy.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ์†Œ๋…„์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
Technically the word boy isย  missing, or you could say boy,ย ย 
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์—„๋ฐ€ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์†Œ๋…„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์†Œ๋…„,
01:11
child, 7 year old, boy, 7ย  year old child, for example.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด, 7์„ธ, ์†Œ๋…„, 7 ์„ธ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
But because boy is your noun, child is your noun,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ boy๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— child๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ ,
01:21
7 year old is the adjectiveย  that describes the boy.
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7์‚ด์€ ์†Œ๋…„์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
We need an article at the very beginning and youย ย 
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๋งจ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
01:29
would say A7 year old, A7 yearย  old boy or a 7 year old child.
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A7์„ธ, A7์„ธ ์†Œ๋…„ ๋˜๋Š” 7์„ธ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
So that is one article.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
Do you know where the next article is needed?
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
01:40
A 7 year old boy gets well, job offer is a noun.
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7์‚ด ์†Œ๋…„์ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ , ์ทจ์—… ์ œ์˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋‹ค.
01:48
It's a something and as the general rule,ย  we need an article in front of nouns,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์ด๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
01:55
singular nouns, unless it's anย  exception and an uncountable noun.
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์˜ˆ์™ธ ๋ฐ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ํ•œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ, ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๊ด€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
But in this case, it is not a job offerย  because it's not a specific job offer.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์ฑ„์šฉ ์ œ์•ˆ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฑ„์šฉ ์ œ์•ˆ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
It's just any job offer.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ง์—… ์ œ์•ˆ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
Now our final articleย  missing from Russian IT firm.
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์ด์ œ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ IT ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
02:15
We'll hear firm which is another way of sayingย ย 
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02:19
company is our noun Russian andย  IT describe what type of company.
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์–ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  IT๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
But if we got rid of Russian and ITย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์–ด๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๊ณ  IT๊ฐ€
02:30
gets a job offer from firm from a firm, now we'reย  also using AW because it's not a specific firm.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ฑ„์šฉ ์ œ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด์ œ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— AW๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
It's just awe firm, all Russian IT firm.
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์ •๋ง ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์šด ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ IT ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
If we said the Russian IT firm, it wouldย  mean we were specifying a specific one.
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ IT ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ํŠน์ • ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
But at this point in the article, we are not.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ˜„ ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
So these are the three articlesย  that are missing grammatically.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋œ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:59
If you were to write this as a fullย  sentence, but remember as a headline,ย ย 
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์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋˜ ์ œ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:03
it is acceptable to omit the articles andย  auxiliary verbs, which we don't have here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์—†๋Š” ๊ด€์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ƒ๋žตํ•ด๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
To make it as short as possible,ย ย 
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์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งง๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:11
don't worry about taking notes because Iย  summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋‘์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
03:16
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
Let's continue and learn about this job offer.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ด ์ฑ„์šฉ ์ œ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:22
A Russian software company.
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ.
03:24
Ah, so notice how becauseย  we're in the full article now,ย ย 
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์•„, ์ด์ œ ์ „์ฒด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
03:29
we need to add those articlesย  and auxiliary verbs as well.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์™€ ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
So a 7 year old, A7 year old,ย  a Russian software company.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ 7์„ธ, A7์„ธ์˜ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
And notice here they're using the word company,ย  which we already learned is a replacement to firm.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ปจ์„คํŒ… ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณต๋ 
03:45
Often firm is used whenย  consulting services are provided.
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๋•Œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:50
For example, you hear this a lot with law firm.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋กœํŽŒ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
Law firm, they offer their consulting asย  a service, but you could say law company,ย ย 
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๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ปจ์„คํŒ…์„ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋กœ ์ œ๊ณต ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
although in North America that is not common,ย  is almost exclusively called a law firm.
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๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
Outside of a law firm, most of the timeย  you could say firm or company like weย ย 
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๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜
04:13
have here and there is no difference inย  meaning and they both sound commonly used.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์˜๋ฏธ์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
A Russian software company hasย  invited A7 year old coding prodigy.
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ํ•œ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ A7์„ธ์˜ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ ์ฒœ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
So remember this is an adjective thatย  describes in this case coding prodigy.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ ์ฒœ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž„์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
04:32
But you could replace this with the word boy, boyย  who is a coding prodigy, boy who is 7 years old.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์†Œ๋…„, ์ฝ”๋”ฉ ์‹ ๋™ ์†Œ๋…„, 7์„ธ ์†Œ๋…„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
So you would add that as if youย  were using it to describe his age.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
A boy who is 7 years old.
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7์‚ด ๋‚จ์ž์•„์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
But in this case, it's an adjective.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
So we don't add that.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
S let's continue to join its management team.
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S ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ง„์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:59
All right, Seven years old and he hasย  a job offer for a management positionย ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” 7์‚ด์ด๊ณ  ์œ ๊ธ‰ ์ทจ์—…์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋งŒํผ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ„์šฉ ์ œ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:06
as soon as he is old enoughย  to take up paid employment.
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.
05:12
In this case, if you take up paidย  employment, it means you accept it.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์œ ๊ธ‰ ๊ณ ์šฉ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ฝํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
You accept it, but we also useย  the phrasal verb to take up withย ย 
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๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ฝํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
05:23
hobbies and activities to mean youย  start doing that hobby or activity.
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๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋‚˜ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ทจ๋ฏธ ๋ฐ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
So in this case, you could thinkย  of it as to start doing that job.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
So if you take up coding as a hobby,ย  you Start learning or doing coding.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
And of course, remember, take is your verb.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก , take๊ฐ€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:42
So you need to conjugate that.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
If you say I took up coding,ย  of course, that's in the past.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
Simple, you started codingย  as a new hobby or activity.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋‚˜ ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
Sergey from the Russian city of Saintย  Petersburg has built a name for himself.
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์ƒํŠธํŽ˜ํ…Œ๋ฅด๋ถ€๋ฅดํฌ ์ถœ์‹ ์˜ ์„ธ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
Often we replace built a name withย  maid, has made a name for himselfย ย 
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์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ •๋ถ€๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๊ณ  ,
06:06
uploading videos that explain howย  to write software since he was five.
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5์‚ด ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์ž‘์„ฑ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์•Œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
And if you build or make a name for yourself,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ง“๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
06:16
you would need to change thisย  depending on who the subject is.
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๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
It means you become well known forย  something so you're regarded as an expert.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ด์ ธ์„œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
So hopefully I could say Jennifer has builtย  has made remember both verbs are possible.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
This is conjugated in the present perfect.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
So that's why you have the third form of the verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
You could put this in the past simple as well.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋„ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
Jennifer has built a name forย  herself as a great teacher.
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์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ์Œ“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
Do you agree with that?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:48
If you do put that's right,ย  that's right in the comments.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งž๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
Now I could put this in the present continuousย  to say an action in progress Jennifer is making.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
Jennifer is building a nameย  for herself as a great teacher.
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์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ์Œ“์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:04
So again, put that's right, that's right.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค.
07:06
If you agree with this in theย  comments, are you enjoying this lesson?
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์—์„œ ์ด์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์œผ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
07:11
If you are, then I want to tell youย  about the Finally Fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ Fluent Academy์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
This is my premium training program whereย  we study native English speakers from TV,ย ย 
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TV,
07:23
movies, YouTube, and the news.
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์˜ํ™”, ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ, ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
So you can improve your listeningย  skills of fast English, expand yourย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ,
07:30
vocabulary with natural expressions,ย  and learn advanced grammar easily.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ , ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
Plus, you'll have me as your personal coach.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€
07:39
You can look in in the description for the link toย ย 
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:41
learn more or you can go to my websiteย  and click on Finally Fluent Academy.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ Final Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:46
Now let's continue with our lessonย  on the strength of those videos.
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์ด์ œ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™์˜์ƒ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
Remember, the videos are the ones heย  posted on YouTube of himself coding.
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์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ์ฝ”๋”ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ YouTube์— ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:56
Notice this phrase here on the strengthย  of and then something those videos.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™์˜์ƒ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
08:02
Another way of saying this would be becauseย  those videos were successful or well done,ย ย 
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๊ณ ,
08:11
well regarded, influential because those videosย  were were because those videos is plural.
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์ข‹์€ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
So you could say on the strength of of something,ย  this is the more everyday way of saying it.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ํž˜์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข€ ๋” ์ผ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
And this sounds a little more formalย  on the strength of those videos,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Š” ์ •๋ณด ๋ณด์•ˆ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™์˜์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:31
the information security firm.
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.
08:33
So here again, they're using theย  word firm instead of company,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋„ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๋Œ€์‹  ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:37
but it means the same thing, Firm Pro 32.
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์ด๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ Firm Pro 32์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
So this is the name of the company.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
Send him the seven-year old codingย  prodigy, the seven-year old boy.
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์ผ๊ณฑ ์‚ด์งœ๋ฆฌ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ ์‹ ๋™์ธ ์ผ๊ณฑ ์‚ด ์†Œ๋…„์„ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„ธ์š”. ๊ธฐ์—… ๊ต์œก ์ฑ…์ž„์ž
08:49
A written job offer for the postย  of head of corporate training.
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์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„œ๋ฉด ์ฑ„์šฉ ์ œ์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:56
Wow.
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08:56
A management position as seven-year years old.
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์šฐ์™€.
7์‚ด์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ง.
09:00
In North America, the standard term would beย  position instead of post for the position of, butย ย 
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๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋Š” post์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํ‘œ์ค€ ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
09:07
post is understood is just the choice in Britishย  English for the position for the post of in.
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post๋Š” in์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:14
In either case, you need this of and then youย  state the position or post in British Englishย ย 
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๋‘ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ด of๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ์ง์œ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์ง์ฑ…ย ย  ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
09:21
for the position of head of corporate trainingย  under Russian law, Sergey, the name of the boy,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ์—… ๊ต์œก ์ฑ…์ž„์ž ์ง์œ„์ธ Sergey, ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„,
09:29
the seven-year old boy Sergey would not beย  able to take up any paid role until he is 14.
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7์‚ด ์†Œ๋…„ Sergey๋Š” 14์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์œ ๊ธ‰ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋งก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
So notice here, this is our adjective phrase.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
So the age describes him as a phrase.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ๋‹ค.
09:48
Now if you were to write the full form,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ „์ฒด ์–‘์‹์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:51
you would say years old and then yearsย  would have the S because it's more than one.
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์„ธ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š”ย  S๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ S๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
But it's completely acceptableย  and extremely common to justย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
10:02
use the number to describe ageย  rather than saying years old.
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๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:07
If you say years, you must also say the word old.
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๋…„(years)์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด old(๋Š™์Œ)๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
It is not optional.
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์„ ํƒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
You must use both words or youย  can just use the number now.
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๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
Notice here we have until now.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:20
This is in the future, but noticeย  we use the present simple and I seeย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
10:26
a lot of mistakes with this, soย  let's just quickly review this.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค๋ ฅ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€
10:29
You could say I can't get aย  promotion until I improve.
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์Šน์ง„์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:34
So the present simple for your verb improve,ย  even though that is a future action,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ Improve์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์€, ๋น„๋ก ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ํ–‰๋™์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
10:39
we use it in the present simple afterย  Intel until I improve my English.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ Intel ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:45
You could also use your Englishย  as the subject after until Iย ย 
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10:50
can't get a promotion until my English is better.
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์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„์งˆ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์Šน์ง„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
So this is your present simple is better.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
You could also say until my English improvesย  and then you would add that S because again,ย ย 
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๋‚ด ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์— S๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
11:03
it's in the present simple with until whenย  you're using it in a future reference.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ฐธ์กฐ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
But Pro 32, remember this is the name of the, theย  company, the firm, the IT company, the IT firm.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Pro 32, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ, ํšŒ์‚ฌ, IT ํšŒ์‚ฌ, IT ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:19
But Pro 32's chief executive.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Pro 32์˜ ์ตœ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์˜์ž.
11:21
So this is possessive, possessive.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ, ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
The chief executive belongs to Pro 32.
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์ตœ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์˜์ž๋Š” Pro 32์— ์†ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:27
But Pro 32's chief executive Igor Mandikย  told the BBC World Service he had spokenย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Pro 32์˜ ์ตœ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์˜์ž์ธ Igor Mandik์€ BBC World Service์— ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
11:34
to Sergey's parents about findingย  ways to collaborate in the meantime.
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์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด Sergey์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆด๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:41
OK, So what time is the mean time is between nowย ย 
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ
11:47
when he is 7 years old and in theย  future when he is 14 years old.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ 7์‚ด์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ 14์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ์  ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ช‡์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:54
So that period of time isย  in the meantime until he isย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
11:59
legally allowed to work and they'reย  going to find ways to collaborate.
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ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ  ์„œ๋กœ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
So collaborate means work together.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜‘์—…์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
Now it can't be in an official paid capacityย  because that is illegal under Russian law.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์œ ๋ฃŒ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
So notice that prepositionย  illegal under Russian law.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
And if you want to replace collaborate withย  another word, remember that it's work together.
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๊ณต๋™์ž‘์—…์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:24
The preposition that you need is together andย  then in the belongs to the phrase meantime inย ย 
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ is together and then in the ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์€ while in
12:32
the meantime, So all three of these would stillย  be together, work together in the meantime.
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๋™์•ˆ์— ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
His father Kirill was surprised andย  said that they were really happyย ย 
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๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€ Kirill์€ ๋†€๋ž์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ์˜๊ณ 
12:44
and looking forward to when Sergeyย  would be able to join the company.
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Sergey๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
Mr.
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12:50
Mandic said OK, so notice here and lookingย  forward to this preposition to belongsย ย 
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Mandic ์”จ๋Š” OK๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ณ  looking foring to ์ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š”
12:59
to the phrase to look forward to something.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์— ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
Now in this case, the something is whenย  Sergey would be able to join the company.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” Sergey๊ฐ€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
This is the something.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
If you have a verb that follows, youย  need your verb in the ING because thisย ย 
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๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ING์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด
13:18
preposition belongs to the phrase to and we useย  the verb in ING the gerund after prepositions.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ to์— ์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ING์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
So with a verb, you could say I'm lookingย  forward to joining the company when I'm 14,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด I'm looking for to Join the company when I'm 14,
13:33
So when in a future context alsoย  requires the present simple when I am 14.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ when I am 14๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
And then remember you could add years old.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ age๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
13:44
It's optional.
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์„ ํƒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
And if you do, you have to add that S on years.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์—ฐ๋„์— S๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
And you must also use the word old.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  old๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
I'm looking forward to joining the company.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
I'm looking forward to meeting you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
I'm looking forward to watching, seeing,ย  hearing, listening, whatever your verb is.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋ณด๊ณ , ๋ณด๊ณ , ๋“ฃ๊ณ , ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:05
Now, you could also look forwardย  to something and have a noun.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
I'm looking forward to yourย  next video, your next video.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์˜์ƒ, ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
Or you could put the action,ย  which would be watching.
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๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ฒญ ์ค‘์ธ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:20
I'm looking forward to watching your next video.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ๋„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:23
So hopefully you're thinking this right now.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
Wow, this is such a great way to learn English.
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์™€, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
I'm looking forward to watching yourย  nanks learn English with the news video.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ nanks๊ฐ€ ๋‰ด์Šค ์˜์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:33
So if that describes you put that'sย  right put that's right, that's right.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ๋งž๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค.
14:37
In the comments on his video,ย  Sergey appears fresh face.
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๋™์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—์„œ ์„ธ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ์ด๋Š” ์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ์–ผ๊ตด๋กœ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
So fresh faced is an adjectiveย  that could mean youthful or itย ย 
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So fresh facial์€ ์ Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
14:49
could also mean just very energetic or fresh.
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๋งค์šฐ ํ™œ๋ ฅ์ด ๋„˜์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ ์„ ํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:54
For example, at the end of the day,ย  I probably will not look fresh faced.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํ•˜๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ์–ผ๊ตด๋กœ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
My makeup will be a little smeared.
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ํ™”์žฅ์ด ์ข€ ๋ฒˆ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
15:02
Maybe my eyes will have some bagsย  under them, my hair won't be as nice.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋‚ด ๋ˆˆ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์‚ด์ด ์ฐ” ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  , ๋‚ด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
But right in the morning, right afterย  I do my makeup, I look fresh faced.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•„์นจ์— ํ™”์žฅ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ์‹ฑ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์šด ์–ผ๊ตด์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๋”๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
15:13
So hopefully I look youthful, but if not,ย  it could still mean just fresh for the day.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ Š์–ด ๋ณด์ด๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋‚ ์˜ ์‹ ์„ ํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:20
So he appears fresh facedย  and smiling enthusiastically.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒํผํ•œ ์–ผ๊ตด๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์—ด์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์›ƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 7์‚ด ๋•Œ
15:25
Speaking in Russian and sometimes inย  English as a 7 year old, very talented.
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์–ด๋กœ, ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์žฌ๋Šฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
Sometimes in English.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ.
15:33
He goes through coding challengesย  step by step, step by step.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋”ฉ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:39
This is a great binomial pair,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ดํ•ญ ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
which A binomial pair is 2 words thatย  are joined together by a preposition.
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์ดํ•ญ ์Œ์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:48
In this case, the preposition is by.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” by์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:50
So if you do something step by step,ย  it means gradually or incrementally.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:57
So right now we're going throughย  this article step by step.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ด ๋„์›€๋ง์„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
We're going through itย  gradually and incrementally.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ ์ง„์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:06
His YouTube channel has more than 3500.
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๊ทธ์˜ YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์€ 3500๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
You could say 3500 or 3500.
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3500 ๋˜๋Š” 3500์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
There's absolutely no difference.
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์ „ํ˜€ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
I change between them for no reason at all.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ์ด์œ ์—†์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:21
Both are accepted and itย  does not matter what you use.
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:24
So whatever is easiest for you, 3000 500 there'sย  no need to vocalize, and 3500 you don't need that.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  3000 500 ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ 3500์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:35
And 3535 100 because 2 zeros represents 100.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  0์ด 2๊ฐœ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด 100์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 3535 100์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
So I wrote down how you would say them.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ• ์ง€ ์ ์–ด ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
And notice nothing is plural here.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:50
There's no S on 100, for example, becauseย  the S is on the noun which is subscribers.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 100์—๋Š” S๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด S๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ๋…์ž ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
So this is where you findย  your S not on the number.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ S๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
His YouTube channel has more than 30ย  five 3500 subscribers interested in.
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๊ทธ์˜ YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์—๋Š” ๊ด€์‹ฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋…์ž๊ฐ€ 30๋ช… ์ด์ƒ 5๋ช… 3500๋ช… ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:09
So this is another expression where in is aย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ in์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:12
preposition that belongs to theย  expression to be interested in.
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.
17:16
The auxiliary verb is notย  needed because the subjectย ย 
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17:20
is not identified here interested in learning.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹๋ณ„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
So This is why our verb is an ING becauseย  this preposition belongs to the phrase.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์— ์†ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ING์ธ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:31
If you were to say this as a sentence,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
17:32
you could say his subscribers areย  because it's to be interested in.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋…์ž๋Š” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:39
So you would add that auxiliary verb are becauseย  subscribers is plural, are interested in learningย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ตฌ๋…์ž๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๊ณ  ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
17:46
programming languages and then the twoย  programming languages Python And Unityย ย 
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ ์–ธ์–ด์ธ Python ๋ฐ Unity
17:52
or who want to hear more about neural networks,ย  which underlie many artificial intelligence tools.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ถ„.
18:00
Let's review underlie.
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๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:02
This is a verb to underlie, and if you sayย  something underlies something else, you're sayingย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ underlie ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ , ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด,
18:10
it's the foundation of that something or theย  basis of you can think of it as a core part of.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:18
So let's look at learning English.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:20
You could say understanding grammar rules.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:23
This is your subject using a gerundย  verb, understanding grammar rules.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:28
Now this is conjugated as it or this.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ it ๋˜๋Š” this๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:32
This your ability to understandย  grammar rules underlies.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:36
That's why we have it in the S,ย  because the subject as the gerundย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ S๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€
18:40
is it third person singular underliesย  the ability to speak English fluently.
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3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:46
And that's why in addition to learning vocabulary,ย  you're learning it in context and you're learningย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์™ธ์—๋„ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ 
18:52
the grammar of how to use it or else youย  won't be able to speak the language fluently.
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์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:58
So there's a practical example ofย  how to use use the verb to underline.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐ‘์ค„์„ ๊ธ‹๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:03
Sergey's father told the BBCย  that his son got into coding.
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Sergey์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” BBC์— ๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋“ค์ด ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:08
So if you get into something, it means thatย  you, it's when you start your interest inย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋น ์ง€๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:15
that subject, because we use theย  verb get as a transitional verb.
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. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ get์„ ์ „ํ™˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:20
So when you get into something,ย  it's that transition from notย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด
19:25
being into in the sense of not having anย  interest in to being into interested in.
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์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ not being into์—์„œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:34
So that's that verb get from not to.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ get to not์—์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:37
So someone I might ask me,ย  how did you get into teaching?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
19:42
How did you get into teaching?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋๋‚˜์š”?
19:44
This is the same as how did youย  first become interested in teaching?
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์ฒ˜์Œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
19:49
How did you get into teaching?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋๋‚˜์š”?
19:51
Sergey's father told the BBC thatย  his son got into coding first,ย ย 
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Sergey์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” BBC์— ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์•„๋“ค์ด ๋จผ์ € ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๋‚˜๋ฅผ
19:55
became interested in coding when observingย  his older sister learning about programming.
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๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:03
At first we studied the materialย  together with the children.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:07
OK, so this is the parent.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ€๋ชจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:09
We as the parents, we studiedย  the material together with theย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋กœ์„œ
20:14
children to explain the basic principles to them.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:18
After a month, our help was no longer needed.
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ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋„์›€์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:22
And after 2, so after two months,ย  it's obvious that what our timeย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2 ์ดํ›„, ์ฆ‰ ๋‘ ๋‹ฌ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜
20:28
period is, so you don't have to repeat it.
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์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:32
And after two, Sergey was so carriedย  away that he overtook everyone.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์ž Sergey๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฅ๋ถ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:38
He said, first let's take a look at carried away.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋จผ์ € ์บ๋ฆฌ ์–ด์›จ์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:41
Notice here the auxiliary verb is to be.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” to be๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
20:44
Sergey was so carried away.
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์„ธ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ์ด๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฅ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:47
This is also commonly used with the verb get againย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ get again์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
20:50
as that transition from notย  carried away to carried away.
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์ด๋Š” notย  to carryaway๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:55
What does that this mean?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์—์š”?
20:56
If you get carried away by something,ย  it means you're so overly enthusiastic,ย ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์— ํ‘น ๋น ์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์—ด์„ฑ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
21:04
overly passionate, overly interested thatย  you do more than needed, wanted, or expected.
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์—ด์ •์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•„์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:13
So if you're If you get carried awayย  with learning phrasal verbs insteadย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
21:17
of studying for one hour, you mightย  study for 12 hours but then neglectย ย 
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ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ ํ•™์Šต์— ์—ด์ค‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, 12์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด์ค‘ํ•ด์„œ
21:24
all your other responsibilitiesย  because you got so carried away.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์†Œํ™€ํžˆ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
21:28
So it's actually a negative thing.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:30
It means 2 enthusiastic or tooย  absorbed where all your interest,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ด€์‹ฌ,
21:36
attention, time, energy goes into this one thing.
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๊ด€์‹ฌ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜๋Š” ์—ด์ •์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ชฐ์ž…๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:40
This is funny because my friendย  just used this example with me.
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๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:44
She told me that she took up jewelry making.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ณด์„ ์ œ์ž‘์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:47
So she started a new activity hobby, whichย  is jewelry making, making her own jewelry.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ผ๋ฆฌ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ™œ๋™ ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:54
And then she said, but Iย  got a little carried away.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ํฅ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:56
So she became too passionate,ย  too absorbed by this hot hobby.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด์ •์ ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด ํ™”๋ˆํ•œ ์ทจ๋ฏธ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ชฐ์ž…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:02
And she told me that she bought over 2000ย  beads which can make hundreds of bracelets.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํŒ”์ฐŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์Šฌ์„ 2000๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ ์ƒ€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
22:10
She's making bracelets so thatย  could make hundreds of bracelets,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํŒ”์ฐŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค
22:14
which she does not need toย  make hundreds of bracelets.
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ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํŒ”์ฐŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŒ”์ฐŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:17
So she got a little carried away.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ํฅ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:21
OK, so Sergey was so carriedย  away that he overtook everyone.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, Sergey๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฅ๋ถ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:26
Let's take a look at the verb to overtake.
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์ถ”์›”ํ•˜๋‹ค(overtake)๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:30
And then this is conjugated.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:31
In the past, simple overtook.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์ถ”์›”์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:33
This means to surpass.
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๋Šฅ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:35
So remember Sergey and hisย  sister or the parents as well.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ Sergey์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๋„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
22:39
We're at the same level ofย  knowledge or skill with coding.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:43
But then Sergey got carried away.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Sergey๋Š” ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:45
He spent all of his time learningย  and coding and then he overtook.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•™์Šต๊ณผ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์Ÿ์€ ๋’ค ์ถ”์›”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:52
So he surpassed, he moved ahead of the others inย  terms of skill, knowledge or results or all three.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ์ง€์‹, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ž์„ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:01
So this is commonly used inย  a competitive atmosphere.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:05
A business might say we overtook the competition,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๊ฒผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:09
we surpassed the competition, andย  most likely this could be in results.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Šฅ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:14
And that's the end of the article.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:16
So what I'll do now is I'll readย  the article from start to finishย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๊ณ 
23:19
and this time you can focus on my pronunciation.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:22
7 year old gets job offer from Russian IT firm Aย  Russian software company has invited A7 year oldย ย 
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7์„ธ, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ IT ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ์ œ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋‹ค ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” A7์„ธ์˜
23:30
coding prodigy to join its management team as soonย  as he is old enough to take up paid employment.
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์ฝ”๋”ฉ ์‹ ๋™์ด ์œ ๊ธ‰ ์ทจ์—…์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ๊ฒฝ์˜์ง„์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:37
Sergey, from the Russian city of Saintย  Petersburg, has built a name for himselfย ย 
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์ƒํŠธํŽ˜ํ…Œ๋ฅด๋ถ€๋ฅดํฌ ์ถœ์‹ ์˜ Sergey๋Š”
23:42
uploading videos that explain howย  to write software since he was 5.
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5์‚ด ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์ž‘์„ฑ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ์Œ“์•„ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:47
On the strength of those videos,ย  the information security firmย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ณด ๋ณด์•ˆ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ
23:51
Pro 32 sent him a written job offer forย  the post of head of corporate training.
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Pro 32๋Š” ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์„œ๋ฉด ์ฑ„์šฉ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์—… ๊ต์œก ์ฑ…์ž„์ž ์ง์œ„.
23:57
Under Russian law, Sergey would not be ableย  to take up any paid role until he is 14.
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ Sergey๋Š” 14์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์œ ๊ธ‰ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋งก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:04
But Pro 32's chief executive Igor Mandikย  told the BBC World Service he has spokenย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Pro 32์˜ CEO Igor Mandik์€ BBC World Service์— ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
24:11
to Sergey's parents about findingย  ways to collaborate in the meantime.
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์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด Sergey์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:16
His father, Kirill, was surprisedย  and said that they were reallyย ย 
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๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€ Kirill์€ ๋†€๋ž ์œผ๋ฉฐ
24:20
happy and looking forward to when Sergeyย  would be able to join the company, Mr.
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Sergey๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ์˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:24
Mandik said.
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. Mandik ์”จ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:26
On his video, Sergey appears freshย  faced and smiling enthusiastically,ย ย 
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋™์˜์ƒ์—์„œ Sergey๋Š” ์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ์–ผ๊ตด์— ์—ด์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ง€์œผ๋ฉฐ
24:31
speaking in Russian and sometimes in English.
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:34
He goes through coding challenges step by step.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋”ฉ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:38
His YouTube channel has more than 3500ย  subscribers interested in learningย ย 
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๊ทธ์˜ YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์—๋Š”
24:42
programming languages Python And Unity,ย  or who want to hear more about neuralย ย 
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Python ๋ฐ Unity ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋…์ž๊ฐ€ 3,500๋ช… ์ด์ƒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:48
networks, which underline manyย  artificial intelligence tools.
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.
24:52
Sergey's father told the BBC that his son gotย ย 
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์„ธ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ์ด์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” BBC์— ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์•„๋“ค์ด
24:56
into coding when observing his olderย  sister learning about programming.
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:01
At first, we studied the material together withย ย 
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:03
the children to explain theย  basic principles to them.
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.
25:06
After a month, our help was noย  longer needed and after two,ย ย 
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ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋„์›€์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋‹ฌ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜์ž
25:10
Sergey was so carried awayย  that he overtook everyone.
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Sergey๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด๊ด‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:14
He said, Do you want me to make anotherย  lesson where we read the news together?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ' ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฝ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ• ๋ž˜?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:19
If you do, put more, more, more, more, more,ย  more, more, more in the comments below.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
25:24
And of course, make sure you like this lesson,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ,
25:26
share it with your friends and subscribe toย  your notified every time I post a new lesson.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
25:30
And you can get this free speakingย  guide where I share 6 tips on howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
25:33
to speak English fluently and confidently.
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:35
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
25:39
And here's another lesson I know you'll love.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:41
Make sure you watch it right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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