The LAZY Way To Become Fluent in 2025 (This Works!)

22,019 views ใƒป 2025-01-02

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Do you need to become fluent butย  you don't have a lot of time?
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
00:05
I just don't have the time.
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์ €๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:06
Today you'll learn the lazy way toย  become fluent and trust me, this works.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Š๊ธ‹ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”. ๋ฏฟ์œผ์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:12
That's exactly what I need.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋„ค์š”.
00:14
Thank you.
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00:14
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
Of course, I'm Jennifer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ , ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:17
Now let's get started.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
The lazy way is to improve all areasย  of your English at the same time.
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๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:24
So it's actually the smart way andย  that's what we'll do right now.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
I'll say a sentence three times and youย  need to write what you hear in the comments.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์ ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
After.
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ํ›„์—.
00:35
I'll explain what I said andย  how you can use it correctly.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
This means you'll improve yourย  listening, vocabulary, grammar,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์ฒญ์ทจ, ์–ดํœ˜, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•,
00:45
pronunciation, and speaking at the same time.
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๋ฐœ์Œ, ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
The lazy way, the smart way.
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๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•.
00:52
Here we go.
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00:52
I'll say it three times.
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
00:55
They've been bickering all day.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
They've been bickering all day.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
They've been bickering all day.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
Did you get this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
01:05
I said they've been bickering all day.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ž–์•„.
01:11
Let's talk about the pronunciation changes.
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๋ฐœ์Œ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— โ€‹โ€‹๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
01:14
Notice I have they've.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”.
01:16
This is a contraction.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ด๋‹ค.
01:18
They have they've they've, they'veย  native speakers use contractionsย ย 
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์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€
01:23
in spoken English almost 100% of the time.
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 100%์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
So you need to be very, very comfortableย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์—
01:30
hearing the contraction because it affectsย  the grammar of the sentence You need to have.
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์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:37
They have been bickeringย  because that shows the grammar,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฉฐ,
01:42
and the grammar is the present perfect continuous.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
So if you didn't have that, itย  would be grammatically incorrect.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‹€๋ ธ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
They've been bickering all day.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
Now notice I said been beenย  a very unstressed been.
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ been been์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” been์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:58
This is how we pronounce the past participleย  of the verb be been in American English.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ be been์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
I don't speak British English, butย  I believe in British English theyย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” 'be'
02:12
pronounce it more stressed being, butย  in American English we don't do that.
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๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
We just say bin, bin.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋นˆ, ๋นˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋งŒ ๋งํ•ด์š”.
02:20
They've been.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
They've been bickering all day.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
Now, to understand fast English outside of theย  classroom, you need to hear the individual words,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ, ๊ต์‹ค ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
02:30
but you also have to understandย  the meaning of the words.
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๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
So let's talk about the verb to bicker.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ โ€˜์‹ธ์šฐ๋‹คโ€™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
02:38
This is when you argue aboutย  things that are not important.
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์ด๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์Ÿํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
The concept of bickering is extremelyย  common and everyone does it.
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ํˆฌ๋œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ํˆฌ๋œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
And we usually do it with peopleย  we spend the most time with.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
Our family, our spouses, husbandsย  and wives, boyfriends, girlfriends,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ, ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž, ๋‚จํŽธ ๊ณผ ์•„๋‚ด, ๋‚จ์ž ์นœ๊ตฌ, ์—ฌ์ž ์นœ๊ตฌ,
03:01
our close friends, our coworkersย  that we spend a lot of time with.
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์นœํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ, ์ง์žฅ ๋™๋ฃŒ ๋“ฑ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€
03:06
Anytime you spend a lot of time withย  someone, it's common that you'll bicker.
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์™€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ํ”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
But it's different from fighting becauseย  when you're fighting with someone,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ธ์›€๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์™€ ์‹ธ์šธ ๋•Œ๋Š”
03:17
usually there's a strong emotion involved.
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ์–ฝํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
But when you bicker, you don'tย  really have that emotion.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํˆฌ๋œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆด ๋•Œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ๋Š๊ปด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
It's less serious because theย  things you're arguing about,ย ย 
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๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋…ผ์Ÿํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:29
fighting about, are not actually important.
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์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
Like I said, this can be veryย  common in the workplace whenย ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ
03:37
you spend a lot of time with your coworkers.
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๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
So maybe you're in a meeting and you've beenย ย 
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•ด ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค
03:43
discussing an issue for hours with yourย  coworkers, but people start bickering.
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๊ณผ ๋ช‡ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ , ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:50
They start arguing aboutย  things that aren't important.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์Ÿํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:53
You could say we didn't get anything doneย  today because we bickered all meeting.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ํšŒ์˜ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์‹œ๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
We are getting bicker.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ ์  ๋” ๋‹คํˆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
Yeah, we bicker either.
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์‘, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ .
04:04
Yeah, well, we were bickeringย  because they were bickering.
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๋„ค, ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํˆฌ๋œ๋Œ€๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ํˆฌ๋œ๋Œ€๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:08
Your kids are bickering.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ํˆฌ๋œ๋Œ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฒญ์ทจ ์—ฐ์Šต์„
04:10
Let's try this again withย  another listening exercise.
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ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:12
I'll say it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
04:15
That street's pretty sketchy.
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๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ํ—˜๋‚œํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
04:18
That street's pretty sketchy.
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๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ํ—˜๋‚œํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
04:20
That street's pretty sketchy.
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๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ํ—˜๋‚œํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
04:23
How'd you do with this one?
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
04:24
I said that streets pretty sketchy.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค ํ—˜๋‚œํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:30
Did you hear that streets the S?
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ S๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด?
04:34
Well, that is the verb toย  be in a contraction form.
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์Œ, ์ด๊ฑด be๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ด์—์š”.
04:39
The street is the streets.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
The streets pretty sketchy.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ์—‰์„ฑํ•ด์š”.
04:46
Again, it's extremely important thatย  you hear these contractions for grammar,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
because we need the verb to be grammatically.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:55
The sentence would sound veryย  awkward if you didn't have itย ย 
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
04:58
because it would be grammatically incorrect.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‹€๋ ธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
That street's pretty sketchy.
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๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ํ—˜๋‚œํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
05:05
Sketchy, sketchy, sketchy, sketchy.
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๋Œ€์ถฉ, ๋Œ€์ถฉ, ๋Œ€์ถฉ, ๋Œ€์ถฉ.
05:11
Let's talk about to be sketchy.
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๋Œ€๋žต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด์ฃ .
05:14
That street is our verb to be to be sketchy.
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๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋žต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
This is used to say thatย  something is not completely safe.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
So by saying that street's pretty sketchy, I amย  saying that street doesn't look completely safe.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
05:31
I don't think that street is safe.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
05:34
So I'm saying we shouldn't go down that street.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ธธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
05:37
We should avoid that street.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Now, why would I say this street is sketchy?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์™œ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
05:43
This is an adjective thatย  native speakers use a lot.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
If I say the street's sketchy, it's mostย  likely because it's dark or lacks lighting.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ—˜ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์–ด๋‘ก๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์กฐ๋ช…์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—
05:55
There aren't a lot of peopleย  around, there's broken glassย ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  , ์œ ๋ฆฌ์ฐฝ
05:59
or broken windows, or there are a lotย  of abandoned buildings on that street.
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์ด๋‚˜ ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์ด ๊นจ์ ธ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—๋Š” ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
It could be all of those reasons or it could beย ย 
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์œ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
06:08
just one of those reasons for me toย  say that street doesn't look safe.
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๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
That street, it's pretty sketchy.
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๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ํ—˜๋‚œํ•ด์š”.
06:17
I could say, let's take another St.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€์ž๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”
06:21
This one looks sketchy.
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. ์ด๊ฑด ์ข€ ์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”.
06:23
So I can also use the verb look lookย  sketchy, but I have to conjugate it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ look lookย sketchy๋„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ , ํ™œ์šฉ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
06:29
This street looks sketchy.
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์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—‰์„ฑํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”.
06:32
Or let's say your friend or your husbandย  or your wife came to you and said, hey,ย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚จํŽธ, ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์•„์™€์„œ "
06:37
I heard this amazing business proposal today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‚ฌ์—… ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
All we need to do is invest $1000ย  and we're guaranteed $100,000.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ 1,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ด๋ฉฐ , ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด 10๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์žฅ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
And you could say that sounds sketchy.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
So notice here the verb is to soundย  sketchy and you're saying the idea,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป ์ด๊ณ , ์•„์ด๋””์–ด,
06:56
the plan, the business proposalย  doesn't sound completely safe.
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๊ณ„ํš, ์‚ฌ์—… ์ œ์•ˆ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
We also use this to describe people.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์ด๊ฑธ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
He's a sketchy guy or he's sketchy.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
She's sketchy.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ตฐ์š”.
07:11
In this case, you're saying the person isn'tย  safe, which means you can't trust the person.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ฆ‰, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
So with people, it's a way of sayingย  I don't think I can trust him.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด์—์š”.
07:23
She's sketchy, he's sketchy.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
Seems a little sketchy.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
You're kind of sketchy laundryย  to some sketchy laundromat.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€ ์—‰ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธํƒ์†Œ์— ์—‰ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธํƒ๋ฌผ์„ ๋งก๊ธฐ๋Š” ์…ˆ์ด์—์š”.
07:32
Are you enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
07:35
If you are, then I want to tell youย  about the Finally Fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ Finally Fluent Academy์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
This is my premium training program whereย  we study native English speakers from TV,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ TV,
07:46
movies, YouTube, and the news so youย  can improve your listening skills ofย ย 
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์˜ํ™”, YouTube, ๋‰ด์Šค ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ์ฒญ์ทจ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
07:51
fast English, expand your vocabulary with naturalย  expressions, and learn advanced grammar easily.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
Plus, you'll have me as your personal coach.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด
08:02
You can look in the descriptionย  for the link to learn more,ย ย 
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
08:05
or you can go to my website andย  click on Finally Fluent Academy.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ Finally Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
08:09
Now let's continue with our lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
Let's try another listening exercise.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฒญ์ทจ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
I'll say it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
08:16
You must have seen it.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
08:19
You must have seen it.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
08:21
You must have seen it.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
08:24
Did you get this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
08:26
You must have seen it.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
08:30
But notice, I didn't actually say.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
Have I reduced that entirely toย  just, uh, you must, uh, you must, uh,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ '๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ,'๋กœ ์ค„์˜€๋‚˜์š”?
08:41
I could also reduce it to more of an, of sound,ย  which is very commonly done by native speakers.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฒŒ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด ํ™”์ž๋“ค์ด ํ”ํžˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
You must of, you must of, you must have seen it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ผญ, ๊ผญ, ๊ผญ ๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
08:53
Notice for seen it, I use that N that Nย  sound to connect the two words together.
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์•Œ์•„๋‘์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ๋•Œ that N that N ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:01
Seen it, seen it, seen it.
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๋ดค์–ด์š”, ๋ดค์–ด์š”, ๋ดค์–ด์š”.
09:05
So you hear it in front of it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ˆˆ์•ž์—์„œ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
It sounds like NIT.
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NIT์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
09:09
But if you say those two wordsย  together, it blends together.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์„œ๋กœ ์„ž์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
Seen it, seen it.
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๋ดค์–ด์š”, ๋ดค์–ด์š”.
09:14
You must have seen it.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
09:16
Now let's talk about the grammar of this.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
09:18
Must is a modal verb, and grammatically you needย  must plus base verb, which is the verb without to.
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Must๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” must์™€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ, ์ฆ‰ to๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
So grammatically you need must have.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ 'must have'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
In written English you must use must haveย  seen it, because that's grammatically correct.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ์“ฐ์—ฌ์ง„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ 'must have saw it'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ณ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
But in spoken English it willย  sound like must ah or must of.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ง๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ' must ah' ๋˜๋Š” 'must of'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
But in written English, ifย  you wrote you must of or of.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์“ธ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ of๋‚˜ of๋ฅผ ์จ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
It would be incorrect grammatically.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
So just remember what I'mย  explaining is for spoken English.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:00
You must have seen it 200 times.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„๋งˆ 200๋ฒˆ์€ ๋ดค์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
10:02
You must have seen it 2.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค 2.
10:03
You must have seen them here.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
Let's try this one more time.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:07
I'll say it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
10:10
What's the ETA?
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์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
10:13
What's the ETA?
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์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
10:16
What's the ETA?
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์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
10:18
I said once the ETA, of course we have what's.
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ETA๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ค„๊ฒŒ์š”.
10:26
That's the contraction of what isย  what's what's the now, because ETA,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ what is what's what's the now์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ETA๋Š”
10:34
it begins with a vowel soundย  E I could say either the ORย ย 
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๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ E๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
the because we do a more stressed theย  when the next word starts in a vowel.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ the๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— the ๋˜๋Š” the๋กœ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
But this isn't a rule that nativeย  speakers follow all the time.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
But if I did a more stressed E in the, IT wouldย  really blend together with ETAVTA and it wouldย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ E๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋ฉด IT๋Š” ETAVTA์™€ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ์–ด์šฐ๋Ÿฌ์ ธ์„œ
11:01
almost sound like it's just one word, the TA,ย  because I wouldn't really repeat the E on ETA.
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๋งˆ์น˜ TA๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ETA์—์„œ๋Š” E๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
11:11
The Tai believe In my example, when I did theย  listening test, I think the first time I didย ย 
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ํƒ€์ด์กฑ์€ ๋‚ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ฒญ์ทจ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š”
11:19
it more of the ETA and the second time I did itย  more of the ETA and the sounds blended together.
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ETA๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์—๋Š” ETA๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์„ž์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
Let's listen to that again and see what I did.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
11:32
What's the ETA?
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์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
11:35
What's the ETA?
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์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
11:38
What's the ETA?
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์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
11:39
Now, ultimately, either way that youย  pronounce it, the ETA or the ETA is fine.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋“  ETA๋‚˜ ETA๋“  ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
Now you're probably wondering, well, what's ETA?
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ETA๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
11:51
This stands for estimated time of arrival.
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์ด๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:55
So your ETA, the ETA or someone,ย  something's ETA is the estimatedย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ETA, ์ฆ‰ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ETA๋Š”
12:03
time of arrival for at someone orย  something when it's expected to arrive.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ƒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
So let's say we're talking about aย  project and your boss wants to knowย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด์ฃ . ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋Š”
12:15
when this project will arriveย  in his inbox or on his desk.
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๊ทธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํŽธ์ง€ํ•จ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฑ…์ƒ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ• ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:21
He could say what's the ETA and he couldย  just say the if it's obvious you're talkingย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ETA๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
12:27
about the project, he could say what's your ETAย  because you're the one submitting the project.
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ETA๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
Or he could say what's the project's ETA.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ์™„๋ฃŒ์ผ์ด ์–ธ์ œ์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:41
So the ETA belongs to the project.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ETA๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
So you need that possessiveย  what's the project's ETA?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ, ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ธ์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
12:48
And they all have the same meaning.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
We commonly use this with friends or coworkers,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ”ํžˆ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ง์žฅ ๋™๋ฃŒ,
12:55
family members to let them knowย  when we're going to arrive.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
So let's say you were supposed to be atย  your family's house at 7:00 for dinner,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ 7์‹œ์— ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
13:06
but you're running late.
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๋Šฆ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
You could send them a textย  message and say running late.
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๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„œ ๋Šฆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
Google says my ETA is 642 or 15 minutes now.
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ 642๋ถ„ ํ˜น์€ 15๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
Google says because when you put something in aย  GPS, Google will tell you or whatever you use,ย ย 
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Google์—์„œ๋Š” GPS์— ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด Google์—์„œ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋“ 
13:28
Google will tell you whenย  you're expected to arrive.
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Google์—์„œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:31
That's your ETA.
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์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
What's their ETA?
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์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ธ์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
13:35
OK, ETA ETA 11 minutes.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ 11๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
Now let's do an imitation exercise so youย  can practice your pronunciation as well.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ชจ๋ฐฉ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค .
13:45
So I'm going to say each sentenceย  again, and then I want you to repeatย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
13:51
the sentence out loud and try to imitateย  my pronunciation as closely as possible.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
13:57
And I'll say each sentence three times.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
Let's do that right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
14:02
They've been bickering all day.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
They've been bickering all day.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
They've been bickering all day.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:15
That's St's pretty sketchy.
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์„ธ์ธํŠธ๋Š” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
14:20
That's St's pretty sketchy.
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์„ธ์ธํŠธ๋Š” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
14:24
That's St's pretty sketchy.
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์„ธ์ธํŠธ๋Š” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
14:29
You must have seen it.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
14:33
You must have seen it.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
14:37
You must have seen it.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
14:42
What's the ETA?
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์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
14:46
What's the ETA?
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์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
14:49
What's the ETA?
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์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋„์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ •๋ง
14:53
Amazing job.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—์š”.
14:54
Now remember, we're using the lazyย  way, the smart way to become fluent,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ์œ ์ฐฝํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
15:00
and the lazy way is to improve allย  areas of your English at the same time.
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๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:06
Let's do that by reading a news article together.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด์ฃ .
15:09
First, let's read the headline.
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๋จผ์ €, ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:11
Coffee could be more than a morningย  pick me up according to new research.
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์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์•„์นจ์— ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
Now let's start with this word rightย  here because you're probably lookingย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ณด๊ณ 
15:21
at this and wondering whatย  is this or what does it mean?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์ง€, ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•  ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
15:26
Well, first of all, let's identifyย  what part of speech this is.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์šฐ์„  ์ด๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
15:30
So we have all morning pick me up.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์˜ค์ „ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:33
So this word functions as a noun pick me upย  morning tells you what type of pick me up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ 'pick me up morning'์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ 'pick me up'์ด์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:43
A pick me up pick me up isย  something usually food or drink,ย ย 
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ํ”ผํฌ ๋ฏธ ์—… ํ”ผํฌ ๋ฏธ ์—…์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ์Œ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์Œ๋ฃŒ,
15:50
in this case coffee, something thatย  boosts your energy or mood Boost,ย ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ปคํ”ผ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๋ถ๋‹์•„์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
of course, means increases or improves,ย  increases your energy, improves your mood.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋ถ€์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ , ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:03
So this woman, she looks a little tired.
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์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
She looks like she could use.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค.
16:08
Use AH.
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AH๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:10
Pick me up.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์™€์š”.
16:11
Ah, pick me up.
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์•„, ๋‚  ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์ค˜.
16:12
Now this is the noun form.
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์ด์ œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:14
We commonly use this as a verb.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:17
So let's review the sentence whereย  we could change the noun to a verb.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:21
Coffee could do more thanย  pick you up, then pick you up.
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์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๊ณ , ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:27
So coffee can pick you up, boost yourย  mood or energy, and do other things.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถ๋‹์šฐ๋ฉฐ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:34
So that's the do more than pick you up.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
16:37
So we use the verb be withย  a noun because it's a state,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋™์‚ฌ be๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒํƒœ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๊ณ ,
16:43
but do with the verb because it's an action.
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๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ do๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋™์ž‘์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:46
So first thing in the morning, this tiredย  woman could say I need a pick me up.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์•„์นจ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ž๋งˆ์ž, ์ง€์นœ ๊ทธ ์—ฌ์ธ์ด '๋‚˜ํ•œํ…Œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ „ํ™˜์‹œ์ผœ ์ค˜'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
16:52
I need a pick me up.
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๋‚˜ ์ข€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด.
16:54
So in this case, is it a noun or a verb?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
16:57
Well, you see this article here.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
16:59
So that tells you it's a noun.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
17:01
And our verb is need.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” need์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:03
You need something.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์š”.
17:04
You need a noun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
I need a pick me up.
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๋‚˜ ์ข€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด.
17:07
Does that describe you first thing in the morning?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•„์นจ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? "๋‚˜
17:11
Do you think to yourself, I need a pick meย  up, something to boost your energy or mood?
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ํ•œํ…Œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค„ ๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•ด."๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค„ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
17:16
If that describes you, put that's me.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, that's me๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
17:18
Put that's me, that's me in the comments.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ €์˜ˆ์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ €์˜ˆ์š”๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
17:22
And don't worry about taking these notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋…ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฑ™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์—… PDF๋กœ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:27
You can find a link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:29
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:31
A morning cup of coffee mayย  do more than just perk you up.
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์•„์นจ์— ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„์งˆ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:37
Ah, notice here coffee couldย  do more than pick you up,ย ย 
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์•„, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ปคํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š” .
17:43
but they just changed the word pick youย  up to perk you up to perk 1UP means toย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ธฐ์šด์ฐจ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์˜ 'Pick You Up'์„ 'Perk You Up'์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1UP์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„
17:52
make you feel more alert or energetic, so itย  has a very similar meaning to pick you up.
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๋” ๊นจ์–ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™œ๋ ฅ์ด ๋„˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ' Pick You Up'๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. . '
18:00
Pick you up also includes your mood,ย ย 
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Pick you up'์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ„๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, '
18:03
whereas perk you up is really justย  about your energy and alertness.
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Perk you up'์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์‹ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:09
But we don't use it as a noun.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:12
So you can say I need a perk me up.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถ๋‹์•„์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
18:15
It does not exist in English,ย ย 
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์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, '
18:17
even though you can say I need a pick meย  up and it sounds very natural and common.
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I need a pick me up'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ํ”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:23
So don't use this as a noun.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
18:25
You can use it as a verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:28
And there's also an adjective that'sย  derived from the verb, which is perky.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ ํŒŒ์ƒ๋œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ perky์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:33
Have you heard this?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
18:34
You're very perky today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ฐธ ์ข‹๊ตฐ์š”.
18:37
You could say this to your friends,ย  your Co worker, your spouse.
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์นœ๊ตฌ, ์ง์žฅ ๋™๋ฃŒ, ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:42
You're very perky today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ฐธ ์ข‹๊ตฐ์š”.
18:44
That means lively and full of positive energy.
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์ฆ‰, ํ™œ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๊ณ  ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
18:48
Full of positive energyย  because it's a positive thing.
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:51
You're very perky today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ฐธ ์ข‹๊ตฐ์š”.
18:54
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:56
Moderate amounts of caffeine intake here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
Caffeine intake.
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์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ.
19:01
You can replace the word intake with consumption.
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์„ญ์ทจ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:05
So caffeine consumption is how muchย  caffeine caffeine you consume, consume.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:13
So the verb is consume.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” consumer์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:14
The noun is consumption, so if youย  wanted to use the verb for intake,ย ย 
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์„ญ์ทจ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
19:20
it would be how much caffeine you takeย  in, which would be your caffeine intake.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€, ์ฆ‰ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:27
I think that consumption would be the moreย  commonly and easily understood word choice.
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์ €๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:34
So I wrote that here for you.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:35
And what about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜
19:37
How would you describe your caffeineย  intake, your caffeine consumption?
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์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰, ์ฆ‰ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:43
Is it low, moderate, which meansย  medium, not too low, not too high?
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๋‚ฎ์Œ, ๋ณดํ†ต, ์ฆ‰ ์ค‘๊ฐ„, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ฎ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋†’์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
19:49
Or is it high, low, moderate or high?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋†’์Œ, ๋‚ฎ์Œ, ๋ณดํ†ต, ๋†’์Œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
19:53
So you can share that or putย  how many cups you consume,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ž”์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
19:58
how many cups you drink would beย  the everyday way of saying that.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:02
How many cups you drink per day orย  per morning, Feel free to share.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋‚˜ ์•„์นจ์— ๋ช‡ ์ž”์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์‹œ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
20:07
As for me, if you're curious, it's one only oneย ย 
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์ €๋Š”, ํ˜น์‹œ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์•„์นจ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋งŒ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ๊ทธ
20:10
in the morning and then I switch toย  tea, which I'm drinking right now.
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๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:16
Moderate amounts of caffeine intake consumptionย  about 3 cups of coffee or tea a day.
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์ ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ: ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ 3์ž” ์ •๋„.
20:23
So notice they define what theyย  consider to be a medium amount of coffeeย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ธ ์ปคํ”ผ
20:29
consumption, which is 3 cups.
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์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ 3์ž”์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:32
Does that align with your definition?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ •์˜์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
20:35
Is that what you would view a medium amount to be?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ ์–‘์€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
20:39
And then based on that, how wouldย  you rate yours low, medium or high?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์Œ, ๋ณดํ†ต, ๋†’์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
20:44
I guess mine would be low or very low.
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์ œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๋‚ฎ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
20:47
So moderate amounts of caffeineย  consumption intake were associatedย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Š”
20:52
with a lower risk of developingย  cardio metabolic multi morbidity.
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์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์„ฑ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์งˆํ™˜ ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:59
This is a mouthful.
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์ด๊ฑด ํ•œ ์ž… ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
21:02
Have you heard someone say that beforeย  to describe something as a mouthful?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•œ ์ž… ๊ฐ€๋“์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
21:07
Well, that means it's difficultย  to say, even for a native speaker.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด ํ™”์ž๋ผ๋„ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ฃ .
21:13
So if you are looking at this and you'reย  thinking what, how would I say that?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
21:18
Don't worry, it's difficult for me.
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ด์—์š”.
21:20
And it would be difficult for any native speakerย  who is not a subject matter expert, who is notย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
21:26
a doctor or a nutritionist or someone who wouldย  regularly use this word, these two words, becauseย ย 
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด, ์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ, ํ•ด๋‹น ์ฃผ์ œ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด ํ™”์ž์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
21:33
I promise you, I have never said them before in myย  life and I don't truly understand what they mean.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๋งํ•œ ์ ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ์ธ์ƒ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ทธ ๋ง์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:40
So we could describe this as a mouthful.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•œ ์ž… ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:43
Now, I'll just teach you an easy trick of howย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์š”๋ น์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:46
I would approach pronouncing thisย  because yes, it's difficult for me.
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. ๋„ค, ์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
21:50
What I would do is I would lookย  for the individual words first.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋จผ์ € ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:55
So I understand multi now here I didn'tย  understand this full word at first,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ multi๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
22:01
but I understood this morbid,ย  morbid, and I know how to say it.
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์ด morbid, morbid๋Š” ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๊ณ  , ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:06
And then I think, OK, well, how wouldย  I add this sound Eddy morbidity?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ์—๋”” ๋ณ‘์  ์ฆ์ƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
22:11
And then I have to think about how these soundsย  would go together and then I can add the next one.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆด์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋‹ค์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
22:18
Now I listen to the audio dictionary pronunciationย  of this to make sure my pronunciation was correct.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ค๋””์˜ค ์‚ฌ์ „ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
22:26
I'm only sharing this so you have someย  strategies to improve your pronunciation.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ธ€์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ „๋žต์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:30
You do not need to add thisย  to your speech or practice theย ย 
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22:34
pronunciation of this because youย  will not use this in your speech.
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์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ์ด๊ฑธ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฐ์„ค์— ์ด๊ฑธ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:38
So let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
22:39
And the article does talk about what this isย  and why it's important, said the study's lead.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡ ์ด๊ณ  ์™œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:46
Author.
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์ž‘๊ฐ€.
22:48
Cardio metabolic multi morbidity, or CM.
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์‹ฌ์žฅ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๋‹ค์ค‘์งˆํ™˜, ์ฆ‰ CM.
22:54
Now we can simply refer to it as CMย  and this is what native speakers do.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ CM์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ , ์ด๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:59
When something is a mouthful, difficult to say,ย ย 
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ž…์— ๋‹ด๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๋•Œ,
23:02
we turn it into an acronym andย  then now I only have to say CM.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ฝ์–ด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ์ด์ œ๋Š” CM์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋งŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:07
So they're going to tell us whatย  this is because the average person,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:11
myself included, does not knowย  what this is, is the coexistence.
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์ €๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ธ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€, ๊ณต์กด์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:17
So the existence of two things atย  the same time, that's coexistence.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณต์กด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:24
The coexistence of at least two cardio metabolicย ย 
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23:28
diseases such as coronary heart disease,ย  stroke and type 2 diabetes, diabetes.
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๊ด€์ƒ๋™๋งฅ์‹ฌ์žฅ์งˆํ™˜, ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘, 2ํ˜• ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘ ๋“ฑ ์ตœ์†Œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‹ฌํ˜ˆ๊ด€๋Œ€์‚ฌ์งˆํ™˜์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
23:36
OK.
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23:36
So CM is the existence of two diseasesย  such as these commonly known diseases.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ CM์€ ํ”ํžˆ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์งˆ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์˜ ์กด์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
23:44
That's all we need to know about that,ย  and we'll call it CM going forward.
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ CM์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:48
Researchers analyze data from aboutย  180,000 people in the UK Biobank,ย ย 
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์•ฝ 18๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜๋Š”
23:56
a large biomedical database and researchย  resource that follows people long term.
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๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ํ•™ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์ด์ž ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:03
So this is the definitionย  of what the UK Biobank is.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์˜ ์ •์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €
24:08
Because the average person likeย  me does not know what this is.
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๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ธ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
24:13
And I had no idea what the UK Biobankย  or even a biobank in general is.
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์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:20
So it's helpful to define itย  for native speakers as well.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ •์˜ํ•ด ๋†“๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:25
Those involved did not have CMย  at the outset, OK, the outset.
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๊ด€๋ จ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ CM์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:31
This means at the very beginning.
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์ด๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:35
So when they joined or registered forย  the biobank, that would be the outset.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋“ฑ๋ก์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:43
You can use this whenever there's an officialย  start or beginning of something such as a project.
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋“ฑ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:50
That's an easy thing thatย  has a start and a finish.
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์‹œ์ž‘๊ณผ ๋์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
24:53
So at the outset would be at the beginning.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์‹œ์ž‘์€ ์‹œ์ž‘์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:56
And notice that preposition choiceย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ์„ ํƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
24:58
at the beginning because youย  would actually say in the middle.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—์„œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
25:02
But what about end, at the end, at the end.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”, ๋์€, ๋์€์š”.
25:07
So you have a different prepositionย  choice for in the middle.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ in the middle์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ์„ ํƒ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:11
I don't know why you just do at theย  beginning, in the middle, at the end.
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์™œ ์ฒ˜์Œ, ์ค‘๊ฐ„, ๋์—๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
25:17
So the project was fully funded at the outset,ย  which means at the beginning of the project.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ, ์ฆ‰ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ „์•ก ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
25:24
You can use these 3 words as an prepositionย  phrase and put it at the beginning.
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์ด 3๊ฐœ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์จ์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:31
At the outset, the project was fully funded.
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ์ „์•ก ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:35
You could change this to at the end.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:37
You can even make a comparison and say itย  wasn't fully funded at the outset outset,ย ย 
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„œ, ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์ „์•ก ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
25:44
but it was at the end, for example.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—๋Š” ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:48
So for understanding the article we're reviewing,ย  the important thing to remember is that.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:53
The.
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๊ทธ.
25:54
People in this biobank, they did not have CM,ย ย 
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์ด ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ CM์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ 
25:59
they did not have these types of diseasesย  when they joined the biobank at the outset.
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๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ–ˆ์„ ๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:07
So remember that and let'sย  continue the information included.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ , ์ด์–ด์„œ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
26:11
So the information aboutย  the people in the biobank,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด,
26:16
the information included the participants.
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๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด์—๋Š” ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:19
The participants, these are theย  people participating in the biobank.
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์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๋ž€ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:24
You participate in something, but theย  noun is participant and of course plural.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:32
It's plural here becauseย  there were 180,000 people.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ธ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด 18๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:37
So it's plural.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด์—์š”.
26:39
There are many participants and theย  possessive mark is after the pluralย ย 
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๋’ค์— ๋ถ™์–ด์„œ
26:44
to show that this informationย  belongs to the participants.
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์ด ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:49
The information included theย  participants self reportedย ย 
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์ •๋ณด์—๋Š” ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€
26:53
caffeine consumption throughย  coffee or black or green tea.
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์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ํ™์ฐจ, ๋…น์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ญ์ทจํ•œ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€
26:58
Now if it's self reported, it means that Iย  tell you that I drink 1 cup of coffee per day.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:08
But you have to believeย  that my information is true.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:12
I could be lying to you.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
27:14
I could actually drink 12 cups and tell you Iย  only drink one because I think it sounds better.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค 12์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์…”๋„ ํ•œ ์ž”๋งŒ ๋งˆ์‹ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ์— ๋” ๋ง›์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ์š”.
27:21
So that is self reported.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฐ์š”.
27:23
Self reported caffeine consumption.
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์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•œ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰.
27:26
Oh we already learned this.
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์•„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ฐฐ์› ์–ด์š”.
27:28
Isn't that nice?
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์ฐธ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฑฐ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ƒ?
27:29
Notice they changed theย  word intake to consumption.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„ญ์ทจ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
27:32
They previously used intake.
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์ด์ „์—๋Š” ์„ญ์ทจ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:34
Now they're using consumption.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:36
It is the same thing self reported caffeineย  not entail intake consumption intake.
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์ด๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ๋ณด๊ณ  ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ์™€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:45
Remember that's how much caffeineย  they consume or they take in.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์˜ ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:52
But consume or consumption is the more common.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:55
Self reported caffeine consumptionย  through coffee or black or green tea.
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์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ํ™์ฐจ, ๋…น์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ.
28:01
And the CM remember the diseases theyย  developed through their primary care data,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  CM์€ 1์ฐจ ์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ,
28:09
hospital records and death certificates.
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๋ณ‘์› ๊ธฐ๋ก, ์‚ฌ๋ง ์ฆ๋ช…์„œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:13
So this is the information that's includedย  on the participants who are in the biobank.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:22
And remember they do not have these diseasesย  when they join the biobank at the outset.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
28:27
But later on, because this is a long term study,ย  it could follow this participant for 20 years.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋ฅผ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:35
So at the outset they don't have a disease,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ์—†๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ
28:38
but within that 20 year period of being inย  the biobank they could develop a disease.
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์— ๋ณด๊ด€๋œ ์ง€ 20๋…„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:44
ACM, the risk was reduced.
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ACM์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:47
So the risk of developing one ofย  these diseases developing ACM,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์„ธ ์ž”์˜ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘ํ•  ์œ„ํ—˜์ด
28:53
the risk was reduced by 48.1%ย  if they had three cups a day.
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48.1% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
29:00
Remember, they described thisย  as moderate, a medium amount,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งค์ผ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ 200~300๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ทธ๋žจ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ' ์ ๋‹นํ•จ, ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์–‘,
29:06
moderate consumption, moderate intake orย  40.7% if they had 200 or 300 milligrams ofย ย 
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์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„, ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์„ญ์ทจ' ๋˜๋Š” '40.7%'๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์ „ํ˜€
29:15
caffeine daily compared with people whoย  didn't drink or or drank less than one.
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๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ 1๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:21
Cup.
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์ปต.
29:22
So I've highlighted drink, drank and thenย  what's the past participle drink, drank, drunk?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” drink, drank๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ drink, drank, drunk๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
29:29
I had it here.
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29:29
So hopefully you knew that drink drank drunk.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ˆ ์ด ์ทจํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
29:33
So let's say your friend or familyย  member offers you a cup of coffee orย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ถŒํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
29:39
cup of tea and you want to politely decline that.
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์ •์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "
29:42
You can say Oh no thanks, I'veย  already drunk 3 cups today.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด๋ฏธ 3์ž”์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์…จ์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:48
So what verb tense is this first one?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
29:51
I've already drunk 3 cups today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด๋ฏธ 3์ž”์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์…จ์–ด์š”.
29:54
It's the present.
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ํ˜„์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:55
Perfect.
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์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ.
29:57
Because these cups, that'sย  a completed pass action.
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์ด ์ปต๋“ค์€ ํŒจ์Šค ๋™์ž‘์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:02
You've consumed them, butย  there's a result in the present.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ˜„์žฌ์— ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ
30:06
The result being that youย  no longer want more coffee.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:10
I've already drunk 3 cups today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด๋ฏธ 3์ž”์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์…จ์–ด์š”.
30:13
You can absolutely use drunk in the third form.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” drunk๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:19
Now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ.
30:20
It's most common to use have for native speakers.
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๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด ํ™”์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ have๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:23
That doesn't mean you shouldn't or can't say this.
422
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:26
You absolutely can.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:27
Is the correct choice, but nativeย  speakers generally chain drunk to had.
424
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์„ ํƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด ํ™”์ž๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ ์— ์ทจํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ had๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ” ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:33
No thanks.
425
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30:33
I've already had three cups today.
426
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๊ณ ๋ง™์ง€๋งŒ, ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”.
์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์„ธ ์ž” ๋งˆ์…จ์–ด์š”.
30:36
How many cups have you had today?
427
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ช‡ ์ž”์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
30:39
Oh, I've already had one.
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์•„, ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋จน์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
30:40
I just had one.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋จน์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
30:42
I want to have one.
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์ €๋„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
30:43
So we generally use have.
431
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ have๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:45
But of course you can use drink, drink drunk.
432
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๋ฌผ๋ก  drink, drink drunk๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
30:48
Now you can also use the verb to consumeย  because you consume food or beverages.
433
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์ด์ œ ์Œ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํžˆ ์“ฐ์ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š”
30:57
I think it sounds a little more formal orย ย 
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ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๊ณ , ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
30:59
technical and not the mostย  common in day-to-day speech.
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.
31:03
It wouldn't be that common in just aย  regular everyday situation for someoneย ย 
436
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์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
31:07
to offer you a cup of coffee and you say noย  thanks, I've already consumed 3 cups today.
437
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๊ถŒํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด " ๊ณ ๋ง™์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ด๋ฏธ 3์ž”์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์…จ์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ํ”์น˜ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:13
You can.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
31:14
It's grammatically cranked, but it soundsย  a little formal or a little technical.
439
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‹€๋ ธ์ง€๋งŒ, ์กฐ๊ธˆ์€ ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:19
What do I mean by technical?
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
31:21
Well, a medical Doctor Who's assessing your healthย  may ask you questions about your consumption,ย ย 
441
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๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ,
31:28
so in that sense it's more formal or technical.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:32
In everyday usage, drink.
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์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ๋Š” '๋งˆ์‹œ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:34
Or.
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๋˜๋Š”.
31:35
Have which is in my opinion the most common.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:38
The methodology is strong.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:40
So the methodology beingย  how they got these results.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:46
So the methodology that the study used.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:50
The methodology is strong and theย  results line up with existing data.
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:56
Do you know what this means?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
31:57
Here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ?
31:58
The results line up with.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:01
This is another way of sayingย  the results are consistent with.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
32:06
So notice using consistent.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์œผ
32:09
You need the verb to be toย  be consistent results plural.
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๋ ค๋ฉด ๋™์‚ฌ to be๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
32:15
So of course you need the third form.
456
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ฃ .
32:18
Plural are consistent with existing data.
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:22
So if they're consistent with, if theyย  line up with, it means they match.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:28
They go together, the methodology is strong,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅ
32:32
and the results line up with are consistent withย  existing data about caffeine and heart health.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์นดํŽ˜์ธ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:39
So the existing data they already have matchย  the new results they have from this study.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:48
But there are still questions about the extent ofย  the connection between caffeine and heart health.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•„์ง ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:57
The extent of is asking, well,ย  how much of A connection is there?
463
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์€, A์™€ A ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:05
Yes, they produce these results with the study,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ
33:08
but how much of A connection is thereย  between caffeine and heart health?
465
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์ง€๋งŒ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
33:15
So I wrote those meanings there.
466
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:16
So again, the extent of the connectionย  is the degree or range of the connection,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด์„œ, ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜ ์ •๋„ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒ”์œ„,
33:22
the amount of the connection, howย  much of A connection is there.
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜ ์–‘, ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:26
We commonly use the expression to anย  extent when we want to limit something.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ to an degree๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:33
So you can say I agree with you ifย  you just end there, I agree with you.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋๋‚ด๋ฉด '๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š” .
33:40
That sounds like 100% is a fact.
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๊ทธ ๋ง์€ 100% ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
33:46
I agree with you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:47
Now, if you say I agree with you toย  an extent, it limits the agreement.
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์ด์ œ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์˜๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:55
I don't know if there's a specific numberย ย 
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
33:57
I can tell you that now means I 80%ย  agree with you or I 50% agree with you.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ 80% ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ 50% ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:04
I don't think that exists, but itย  just limits, it limits the agreement.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ œํ•œํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:10
So I can only say it's less than 100%.
477
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ 100% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋งŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:14
So it might be that there's oneย  thing that you said that I agreeย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
34:20
with, but you said three otherย  things that I don't agree with.
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, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
34:25
Or those numbers could be completely different.
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ํ˜น์€ ๊ทธ ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:27
It could be 3 things I agree with, one thingย  I don't, two things I do, two things I don't.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด 3๊ฐ€์ง€, ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด 1๊ฐ€์ง€, ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด 2๊ฐ€์ง€, ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด 2๊ฐ€์ง€์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:33
So the combination of the numbers is notย  known, but in some way it limits the statement.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ˆซ์ž์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ, ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง„์ˆ ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:41
So this is a very powerful thing to say.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
34:44
If you say, for example,ย  the project was a success,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด,
34:48
to be a success, the project was aย  success, that's a statement, 100%.
485
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์„ฑ๊ณต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ 100% ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง„์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:55
But then if you add on to an extent, uhย  oh, we know that there were some partsย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
35:01
of the project that were 100% successful,ย  but there were other parts that were not.
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ค‘์— 100% ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.
35:07
So it's very powerful 3 words that you can add onย  to a statement to change the meaning, for example.
488
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ 3๊ฐœ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
35:15
So now they're going to give an example of howย  there's still questions on the extent, the amountย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ, ์–‘, ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋“ฑ์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
35:22
of the, the connection, for example, perhapsย  those more likely to consume these substances.
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.
35:29
And notice how I said consumeย  is used in a more formal way.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์†Œ๋น„๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
35:34
So here we're not talking about drinkingย  coffee just everyday with your friends.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งค์ผ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:40
They're studying the consumption of coffee.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ปคํ”ผ ์†Œ๋น„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
35:44
They're analyzing the consumption of coffee.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ปคํ”ผ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
35:47
So in this context, althoughย  it's an everyday action,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
35:51
they're talking about it in aย  more formal or technical way.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:56
Perhaps those more likely to consumeย  drink or have these substances,ย ย 
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋‚˜
36:01
coffee or tea also tend to have a healthierย  diet or to be more physically active.
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์ปคํ”ผ, ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‹๋‹จ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:11
So these are why they don't knowย  the extent of the connection.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:17
There are other things that they need to consider.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:20
I wrote that information for you and I alsoย  noted that perhaps you can also say maybeย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋˜ํ•œ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ์•„๋งˆ๋„
36:27
they have the same meaning perhaps.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:31
Is a little more formal.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:33
So you can think of it as theย  formal way of saying maybe,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ' ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด'์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
36:39
but that doesn't mean you shouldย  only use it in formal situations.
505
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ '
36:45
If you say perhaps or if you sayย  maybe in your everyday speech,ย ย 
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด'์ด๋‚˜ '์•„๋งˆ๋„'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ , '
36:51
seeing perhaps doesn't sound unnatural.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ€์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:53
But if you want to sound a little more formal,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ธ€๋กœ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
36:56
especially in writing, thenย  you can choose perhaps.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:01
Although the new study should provide comfortย  to those who already have a coffee or tea habit.
510
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„์•ˆ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:08
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
37:09
Do you have a coffee or tea?
512
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์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ ๋“œ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
37:10
Habit.
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์Šต๊ด€.
37:11
A habit of.
514
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์Šต๊ด€.
37:12
Course is a routine behaviourย  of drinking coffee or tea.
515
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์ฝ”์Šค๋Š” ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:17
I definitely have both withย  a coffee and tea habit.
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์ €๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ปคํ”ผ์™€ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:22
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
37:23
So it should provide comfort.
518
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:25
So it should make you feel goodย  that there could be there may beย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์ • ์งˆ๋ณ‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
37:32
a reduced risk of developingย  CM those specific diseases.
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.
37:37
It isn't necessarily a sign toย  start a regular caffeine routine.
521
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทœ์น™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:43
So if you are someone who doesn't currentlyย  drink coffee or tea, it's saying that.
522
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:49
This.
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์ด๊ฒƒ.
37:50
Article alone should not be the reason why youย  start drinking coffee or tea because more researchย ย 
524
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ
37:57
needs to be done to confirm the extent ofย  the connection, the amount of the connection.
525
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์˜ ์ •๋„, ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜ ์–‘์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
38:05
But you probably already drink coffee orย  tea so that can bring you some comfort.
526
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ํ…๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์œ„์•ˆ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:11
Here is that provide comfort.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:13
You can also use bring someone comfort.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„์•ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:18
Now the to someone is already here, soย  you would say should bring comfort to you,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ to someone์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ should bring comfort to you,
38:26
should provide comfort to youย  and should is our modal verb.
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should provide comfort to you๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  , should๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:31
That's why we have provide or bring in theย  base form because it's modal plus base verb.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์นœ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:38
And again with comfort, they'reย  saying make you feel good.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:41
So instead of should provide, youย  could say should make you feel good,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ should provide ๋Œ€์‹ ์— should make you feel good,
38:47
make you feel better, perhaps to matchย  the specific language of the article.
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make you feel better๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:52
Now if you wanted to change the word comfort,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์•ˆ์‹ฌ์„
38:54
you could say should provideย  reassurance, should provide relief.
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์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  , ์•ˆ๋„๊ฐ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:59
Oh.
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38:59
That's a relief.
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์˜ค.
์ •๋ง ์•ˆ์‹ฌ์ด ๋์–ด์š”.
39:00
Now I can drink my coffee withoutย  feeling guilty because it may, it may.
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์ด์ œ ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ ์—†์ด ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š” .
39:07
There's a stability and may provide protectionย  against certain CM certain diseases.
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์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํŠน์ • CM ์งˆ๋ณ‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
39:15
So now you can feel good aboutย  your coffee or tea habit.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
39:18
Maybe.
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39:18
Maybe that's the end of the article.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„.
์•„๋งˆ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋๋‚  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:21
What I'll do now is I'll read the article fromย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ์–ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:23
start to finish and you canย  focus on my pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:26
Coffee could be more than a morningย  pick me up, according to new research.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์•„์นจ์— ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด,
39:31
A morning cup of coffee may do more thanย  just perk you up, according to new research.
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์•„์นจ์— ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ ์ €์ž๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ
39:37
Moderate amounts of caffeine intake, about 3ย  cups of coffee or tea a day, were associatedย ย 
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3์ž” ์ •๋„์˜ ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Š”
39:43
with a lower risk of developing cardio metabolicย  multi morbidity, said the study's lead author.
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์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์„ฑ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์งˆํ™˜ ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:50
Cardio metabolic multi morbidity, orย  CM, is the coexistence of at least twoย ย 
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์‹ฌ์žฅ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๋‹ค์ค‘์งˆํ™˜( CM)์€
39:57
cardio metabolic diseases such as coronaryย  heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes.
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๊ด€์ƒ๋™๋งฅ ์‹ฌ์žฅ์งˆํ™˜, ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘, 2ํ˜• ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘ ๋“ฑ ์ตœ์†Œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‹ฌ์žฅ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์งˆํ™˜์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:04
Researchers analyze data from aboutย  180,000 people in the UK Biobank,ย ย 
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์•ฝ 18๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜๋Š”
40:11
a large biomedical database and researchย  resource that follows people long term.
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๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ํ•™ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์ด์ž ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:17
Those involved did not have CM at the outset.
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๊ด€๋ จ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ CM์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:21
The information included the participantsย  self reported caffeine consumption throughย ย 
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์ •๋ณด์—๋Š” ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€
40:26
coffee or black or green tea and the CM theyย  developed through their primary care data,ย ย 
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์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ํ™์ฐจ, ๋…น์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ญ์ทจํ•œ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ 1์ฐจ ์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ,
40:33
hospital records and death certificates.
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๋ณ‘์› ๊ธฐ๋ก, ์‚ฌ๋ง ์ฆ๋ช…์„œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ CM์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„
40:35
The risk was reduced by 48.1% if they had threeย  cups a day, or 40.7% if they had 200 to 300ย ย 
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3์ž” ์ด์ƒ ์„ญ์ทจํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด 48.1% ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ๊ณ  , 200~300๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๋งค์ผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด 40.7% ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
40:46
milligrams of caffeine daily, compared with peopleย  who didn't drink or drank less than One Cup.
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. ์ด๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ 1์ž” ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:53
The methodology is strong, and theย  results line up with existing dataย ย 
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š”
40:57
about caffeine and heart health.
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์นดํŽ˜์ธ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:59
But there are still questions about the extent ofย  the connection between caffeine and heart health.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•„์ง ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:05
For example, perhaps those more likely to consumeย  these substances also tend to have a healthierย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ
41:11
diet or to be more physically active, althoughย  the new study should provide comfort to those who.
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์‹๋‹จ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ํ™œ๋™์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„์•ˆ์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:17
Already have a coffee or tea habit?
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
41:20
It isn't necessarily a sign toย  start a regular caffeine routine.
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทœ์น™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:24
I hope you're enjoying theย  lazy way, the smart way so far.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹, ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:29
Let's keep going so you can improve allย  areas of your English at the same time.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:35
Now we'll focus on vocabulary.
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์ด์ œ ์–ดํœ˜์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:37
But you won't just learn individual words,ย  you'll learn full phrases that natives use daily,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ๋งค์ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ ,
41:45
and you'll hear real world clipsย  of natives using this vocabulary.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์˜์ƒ ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:50
Your first phrase to sound like a nativeย  speaker 1 You must start using How's it going?
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ 1. How's it going?์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:58
How's it going?
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์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
42:00
How's it going?
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์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
42:01
If you've been following me for a while and ifย  you haven't, make sure you subscribe right now.
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์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ €๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„์ง ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
42:07
You'll know that I teach all myย  students to use How's it going?
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ 'How's it going?'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…๋ น์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:12
Because it will instantly makeย  you sound like a native speaker.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ณง๋ฐ”๋กœ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
42:16
Of course, this is a replacement toย  How are you and it's used in friendlyย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ How are you๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง๋กœ, ์นœ๊ทผํ•˜๊ณ 
42:22
professional situations and social contexts.
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์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:26
Yes, you can still use thisย  in professional situations,ย ย 
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๋„ค, ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:30
just make sure the atmosphereย  sphere is more friendly.
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๋‹ค๋งŒ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋” ์นœ๊ทผํ•œ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
42:34
But to sound like a native speaker, youย  must pronounce it like a native speaker.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋ฉด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์ด์—
42:39
You cannot say how is it going with spacesย  between, You must say, how's it going?
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๊ณต๋ฐฑ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:50
How's it going?
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์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
42:51
So notice those sounds, How zit, zit,ย  you have that strong zit, How's it going?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆ„, ์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆ„, ์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆ„์ด ์‹ฌํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์„ธ์š”?
43:01
How's it going?
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์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
43:02
Repeat after me.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
43:04
How's it going?
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์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
43:06
How's it going?
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์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
43:08
Keep practicing that until you'reย  pronouncing it just like me.
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๋‚˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
43:13
Now to answer because you willย  be asked this by native speakers.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:18
To answer, you would sayย  it's going plus adjective,ย ย 
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๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด it's going๊ณผ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์“ฐ๋ฉด ๋˜๊ณ ,
43:24
or you can simply use the adjective it's going.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ it's going์„ ์จ๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:30
Notice that it's going.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
43:32
Make sure you get that contraction.
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๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ๊ผญ ๋Š๊ปด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
43:34
Don't say it is going.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
43:36
That will not make youย  sound like a native speaker.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ฃผ
43:39
It's going great.
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์ž˜ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
43:42
Good.
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์ข‹์€.
43:43
Pretty good, not too bad.
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๊ฝค ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‚˜์˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
43:47
OK, those are the most common options.
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๋„ค, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜ต์…˜์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:50
How's it, how's it going?
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์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์‹œ์ฃ ? ์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
43:52
How is Andy?
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์•ค๋””๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์š”?
43:53
How's it going?
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์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
43:55
Don't worry about taking notes because Iย  summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์—… PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋†“์•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
44:01
You can find the link in theย  description #2 Do you have a sack?
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์„ค๋ช… #2์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
44:06
Do you have a sack?
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๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ ์žˆ์–ด์š”?
44:07
Do you have a sack?
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๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ ์žˆ์–ด์š”?
44:10
This is used to ask if someone canย  give you their attention for a shortย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ž ๊น ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:15
period of time because suck is short for second.
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suck์€ second์˜ ์ค„์ž„๋ง์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:21
Do you have a second?
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์ž ๊น ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์žˆ์œผ์„ธ์š”?
44:22
Do you have a suck?
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๋„ˆํ•œํ…Œ ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋‹ˆ?
44:24
Now make sure you pronounceย  that it's AK sound at the end.
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์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— AK ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
44:30
Suck.
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๋นจ์•„๋ผ.
44:31
Repeat after me suck suck.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด, ์—ฟ๋จน์–ด, ์—ฟ๋จน์–ด.
44:35
Native speakers will often drop theย  auxiliary and the subject and simplyย ย 
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๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด ํ™”์ž๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ
44:40
say have a SEC instead of do you have weย  simply say have a suck and more casually,ย ย 
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do you have ๋Œ€์‹  have a SEC๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ have a suck์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ , ๋” ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•˜๊ณ 
44:50
informally, we use got insteadย  of have got a suck, got a suck.
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๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” have got a suck, got a suck ๋Œ€์‹  got์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:56
So you could come in, knock on my door andย  say, hey, Jennifer, do you have a suck?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋“ค์–ด์™€์„œ ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‘๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  , "์•ˆ๋…•, ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ, ํ˜น์‹œ ์ˆ  ํ•œ์ž” ๋งˆ์‹ค๋ž˜?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
45:03
If I'm available for a short period ofย  time, I can say sure, what's up now.
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์ž ๊น ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด , ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ , ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
45:09
You can also specify what you wantย  to talk about in the question.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€์ง€ ์ง€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:15
Hi Jennifer.
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์•ˆ๋…• ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ. ํœด๊ฐ€ ์š”์ฒญ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด
45:16
Do you have a SACK to talkย  about vacation requests?
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๋…ผ์˜ํ•  SACK์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
45:21
So the topic of discussion is vacation requests.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ† ๋ก  ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ํœด๊ฐ€ ์š”์ฒญ์ด์—์š”.
45:25
So notice it's do you have a SACKย  plus infinitive 2 plus base verb?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ SACK ๊ณผ ๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜• 2์™€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
45:31
Common infinitives are to talk about,ย  to discuss, to review, to go over.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜•์€ to talk about, discuss, review, go over์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:39
There are many other options,ย  but those will get you started.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ต์…˜๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š” ์ด ์˜ต์…˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
45:43
Hey Jack, do you have a SEC?
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์•ˆ๋…•, ์žญ. SEC๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
45:45
Do you have a SEC #3 what's up?
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SEC #3์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
45:49
Did you notice that I usedย  what's up in the last example?
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ what's up์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
45:54
Well, let's talk about what that means.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
45:57
This is a casual way to inquireย  about someone's needs or wants.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ•„์š”๋‚˜ ์š•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
46:04
In the last example, I said, hi,ย  Jennifer, do you have a suck?
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ์ €๋Š” "์•ˆ๋…•, ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ, ์ˆ  ํ•œ์ž” ๋งˆ์‹ค๋ž˜?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:10
And then as a reply, sure, what's up?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€, ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ , ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด์•ผ?
46:13
What's up Now first, let'sย  talk about the pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋จผ์ € ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
46:17
What's up, What's up.
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๋ญ์•ผ, ๋ญ์•ผ.
46:20
So notice it sounds like one word and you hearย  that S on what's and Sup we put it in front of up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  S๊ฐ€ what's์˜ S์™€ up์˜ Sup ์•ž์— ๋ถ™๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”.
46:29
What's up Repeat after me.
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๋ญ์•ผ, ๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด ๋ด.
46:32
What's up?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด์•ผ?
46:34
What's up?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด์•ผ?
46:36
Work on that pronunciation, because it's extremelyย  important to sound like a native speaker.
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๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
46:41
Let's review this example.
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์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:43
What's up with Jacob?
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์ œ์ด์ฝฅ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‹ˆ?
46:46
He seems really distracted.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
46:48
In this case, it's a casual way toย  inquire about the status of someone,ย ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
46:55
usually based on that person's behavior.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ–‰๋™์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:59
So Jacob seems distracted.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ์ด์ฝฅ์€ ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:01
I want to know why.
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์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ
47:04
What's the reason?
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์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?
47:05
What's the status of Jacob?
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์•ผ๊ณฑ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
47:08
What's up with Jacob?
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์ œ์ด์ฝฅ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‹ˆ?
47:09
He seems really distracted to reply.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•  ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:13
You could say I'm not sure,ย  maybe he's under pressure.
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์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„๋งˆ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์••๋ฐ•์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
47:18
Or you could provide the reason, the status.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋‚˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:21
His father's in the hospital, soย  that explains what's up with Jacob.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ์ด์ฝฅ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:28
You could also ask what's up with the conference?
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:31
Have the speakers been determined yet?
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์•„์ง ๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
47:35
In this case, it's a casual way toย  inquire about the status of something.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:41
The conference.
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์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค.
47:42
What's up with her?
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๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?
47:43
What's up with Marshall?
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๋งˆ์ƒฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์–ด?
47:44
What's up with ichabod #4?
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์ด์ฐจ๋ณด๋“œ #4๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
47:46
I'm on it.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ฃผ
47:48
This is a great expression, and it'sย  used to accept responsibility for a task.
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์ข‹์€ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด์—์š”. ์—…๋ฌด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋งก์„ ๋•Œ ์“ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:54
For the pronunciation, noticeย  how those sounds blend together.
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๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ž์—ฌ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
47:58
I'm on it.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:01
So you take the M and you put it on and youย  take the N and you put it in front of it.
667
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ M์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ๋ถ™์ด๊ณ , N์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์•ž์— ๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
48:10
I'm on it.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:12
Repeat after me.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
48:13
I'm on it, I'm on it.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:17
You can also drop the subjectย  and verb and simply say on it.
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์ฃผ์–ด ์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ on the same์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:22
Make sure you get NIT on it.
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NIT๋ฅผ ๊ผญ ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”.
48:25
Repeat after me on it.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
48:29
Excellent.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ.
48:30
Someone could and say hey Jennifer can you sendย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์—๊ฒŒ ํšŒ์˜ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
48:34
out the meeting request and Iย  can reply back and say on it.
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, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ต์žฅ์„ ํ•ด์„œ ํšŒ์˜ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:40
In this case it's a response to a direct request.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์š”์ฒญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‘๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:43
Someone asked me directly to do something on it.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€ํƒํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
48:49
Now if you're in a meeting and the boss saysย  does anyone have time to send out the meetingย ย 
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์ด์ œ ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ ์ค‘์ด๊ณ  ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“ ์ง€ ํšŒ์˜ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
48:56
request, you can volunteer toย  accept this task and say on it.
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, ์ž์›ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:03
So you can use this as a reply to an open request.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ด๋ ค ์žˆ๋Š” ์š”์ฒญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:09
So if you like this lesson, makeย  sure you share it with your friends.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
49:14
Now to say that you accept this task that Iย  just gave you, what can you say on it, on it?
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ค€ ์ด ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ฝํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ , ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
49:23
So put that in the comments on it, on it, but thenย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
49:26
make sure you actually shareย  this lesson with your friends.
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์ด ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
49:30
I'm on it, all right?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„์„œ ํ• ๊ฒŒ, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
49:33
I'm on it, I'm on it, I'm onย  it #5 could you give me a hand?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค #5 ๋„์™€์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
49:38
This is used to ask if someone canย  help you notice for that pronunciation.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:44
Did you hear that J sound?
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J ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋“ค์œผ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
49:47
Could you ju?
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์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„
49:49
Could you give me, give me, giveย  me, Could you give me a hand?
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์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ˆ? ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ˆ?
49:55
Repeat after me.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
49:57
Could you give me a hand?
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๋„์™€ ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
49:59
Could you give me a hand?
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๋„์™€ ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
50:02
Now this is a general request for help soย  someone could reply back and say sure what's up.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋„์›€ ์š”์ฒญ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ต์žฅํ•ด์„œ ๋ญํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:09
They're asking about your needs and wants.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ•„์š”์™€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:14
Sure, what's up.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด์•ผ?
50:15
So the person can say I need toย  bring these boxes to the garage.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๊ณ ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
50:21
Now the other person can say I'm onย  it to accept your request for help.
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์ด์ œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์ด '๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฝํ• ๊ฒŒ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:27
I'm on it.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:28
You can also specify the activityย  directly in the question and say,ย ย 
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , "
50:34
could you give me a hand with these boxes?
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์ด ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:38
So notice you use the preposition withย  and then you specify what help you need.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ with๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ช…์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:44
You can also use this to offer someone help.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:48
I have 20 boxes to move andย  they're all really heavy.
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์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์•ผ ํ•  ์ƒ์ž๊ฐ€ 20๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹ค ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฌด๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:55
A very nice Co worker could say I can give you aย  hand or I'm happy to give you a hand with that.
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๋งค์šฐ ์นœ์ ˆํ•œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋ผ๋ฉด "๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  , "๋„์›€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:04
Give me an again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
51:06
Yeah, maybe you could give me a hand.
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๋„ค, ํ˜น์‹œ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
51:09
Could you give me a hand?
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51:09
Outback number six.
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๋„์™€ ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
์•„์›ƒ๋ฐฑ 6๋ฒˆ.
51:11
I can't make it.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”.
51:14
This is to say that you're not availableย  to attend something or go somewhere.
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์ฆ‰, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋””์—๋„ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:21
In this case, make it means attend or arrive.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—, make๋Š” ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„์ฐฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:26
Now let's talk about the pronunciation.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
51:28
I can't notice.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด์š”.
51:30
We don't push out that TIย  can't just don't push it out.
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TI๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ด์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
51:35
I can't make it.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”.
51:38
The K sound is on the vowel kit.
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K ๋ฐœ์Œ์€ ๋ชจ์Œ์— ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:42
Make it.
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๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
51:43
I can't make it Repeat after me.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด.
51:46
I can't make it.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”.
51:49
I can't make it.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”.
51:51
Your coworkers could say to you,ย  we're grabbing a bite after we moveย ย 
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์ง์žฅ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด " ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ์˜ฎ๊ธด ํ›„์— ๋ญ ๋จน์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ž"๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
51:56
all the boxes, so they're casually inviting you toย  join them and you can say, sorry, I can't make it.
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, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์‹ฌ์ฝ” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋จน์œผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ถŒํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "์ฃ„์†กํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชป ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:04
I have to pick up my kids.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
52:07
So you can't go, you can't attend, orย  you could be on your way to a meetingย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์ฐธ์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ํšŒ์˜์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์—
52:14
but there is an accident and you have to textย  your Co worker and say traffic is terrible.
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์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์„œ ๋™๋ฃŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ตํ†ต ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ตœ์•…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:22
I'm not going to make theย  meeting start without me.
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๋‚˜ ์—†์ด๋Š” ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด.
52:26
So here, remember we're just usingย  the verb make instead of attend.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ' attend' ๋Œ€์‹  'make' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
52:31
Or you could say I'll try my best to makeย  it tonight, so it might be the party.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์€ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
52:38
I'll try my best.
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์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:39
To make the party.
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ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ .
52:41
You can also say I'll try myย  best to make it to the party.
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๋˜ํ•œ, ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:47
I can't make it tonight.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์€ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
52:49
Oh, I, I can't make your party tomorrow.
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์•„, ์ €๋Š” ๋‚ด์ผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
52:51
I can't make it #7 it's up to you.
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์ €๋Š” #7์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
52:54
This is to say that someone isย  responsible for making the decision.
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์ฆ‰, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:59
Notice that pronunciation.
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๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
53:01
It's up to you.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:03
So we take, it's up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:05
We use that S sound.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” S ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:06
It's up TA instead of to.
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to ๋Œ€์‹  TA๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”.
53:10
It's up to you.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:11
Repeat after me.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
53:13
It's up to you.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:15
It's up to you.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:18
So if you're planning to watch aย  movie tonight, you could say toย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
53:21
your friend or partner there are three newย  releases, which one do you want to watch?
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ด‰ํ•œ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์„ธ ํŽธ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฑธ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€์ง€ ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
53:28
And your partner can say it's U to youย  so you're responsible for deciding.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ U๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:34
It's common to add the reason why, for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:38
They all look good to me so it's up to you.
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์ œ ๋ˆˆ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„ ๋ณด์ด๋‹ˆ, ์„ ํƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ชซ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:43
This is very commonly used ifย  you give someone 2 choices.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ ํƒ๊ถŒ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:47
Do you want to take theย  highway or the scenic route?
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๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์น˜ ์ข‹์€ ๊ธธ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
53:52
It's up to you.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:54
You are responsible for deciding.
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๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:57
Again, you can provide the reason whyย  you're driving, so it's up to you.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด, ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์„ ํƒ์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:03
It's up to you.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:05
It's up to you.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:06
It's up to you.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:08
So what do you think?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
54:09
Did you enjoy the lazy way, the smart way?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹, ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๋‚˜์š”?
54:12
If you did put let's go, let'sย  go put let's go in the comments.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ 'let's go, let's go'๋ฅผ ์ผ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— 'let's go'๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
54:17
And of course, make sure you like this lesson.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
54:19
Share it with your friends and subscribe.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
54:21
So you're notified every time I post a new lesson.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:24
And you can get this free speakingย  guide where I share 6 tips on howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
54:27
to speak English fluently and confidently.
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:29
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
54:32
And you can keep following the lazyย  way with this lesson right now.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณ„์† ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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