Los Angeles Fire - Improve Your English Vocabulary with the News

42,734 views ใƒป 2025-01-22

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Today you'll learn English with the news.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:03
We'll read a news article togetherย  on the wildfires in Los Angeles,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์ฃผ ๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค์˜ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
CA Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
Of course, I'm Jennifer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ , ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:12
Now let's get started.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
Our headline California wildfires,ย  what we know about LA area fires,ย ย 
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์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ, LA ์ง€์—ญ ํ™”์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด,
00:19
what caused them, who is affected, and more.
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ํ™”์žฌ ์›์ธ, ํ”ผํ•ด ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
Let's review the language hereย  and look at the active form andย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™œ์„ฑ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€
00:28
the passive form because both are commonly used.
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์ˆ˜๋™ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
Is this the active form or the passive form?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์ธ๊ฐ€?
00:34
What caused them?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์„๊นŒ?
00:36
Them being what is the them, the wildfires,ย  the LA wildfires or the California wildfires?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€, ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ, LA ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ?
00:44
That's the them.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์˜ˆ์š”.
00:45
What caused them?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์„๊นŒ?
00:48
This is the active form to provide the answer.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ํ™œ์„ฑํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
You could say strong winds caused the fire.
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๊ฐ•ํ’์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
So the subject strong winds is doing the action.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ ๊ฐ•ํ’์ด ๋™์ž‘์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
What would this be in the passive voiceย  You would start with the object the fires.
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์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋ ๊นŒ์š”? ๋จผ์ € ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ธ '๋ถˆ์„ ์ง€๋ฅด๋Š”'๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
The wildfires were caused to be caused conjugatedย ย 
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์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๊ฐ•ํ’์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:12
in the past and with our subject theyย  the fires were caused by strong winds.
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, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ ๊ฐ•ํ’์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
This is the passive form.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
Now our question what causedย  them was the active form.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:27
What would be the passive form of this question?
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์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
01:30
Do you know?
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์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
01:33
We still start with our question word what?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ์–ด '๋ฌด์—‡?'์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
What were the wildfires?
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์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
01:39
This is the them.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
What were the wildfires caused by?
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์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์˜ ์›์ธ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:45
That would be the passive form of the question.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
What were the wildfires caused by?
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์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์˜ ์›์ธ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:50
The fires were caused by strong winds.
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ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ’์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
That would be the answer in the passive form.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์˜ ๋‹ต์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
Now let's look at this one.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฑธ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ฃ .
01:58
Who is affected?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋‚˜์š”?
02:01
Is this the passive form or the active form?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์ธ๊ฐ€, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ์ธ๊ฐ€?
02:04
Who is affected?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋‚˜์š”?
02:07
This is the passive form.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ
02:09
Who is affected to be affected now inย  the past, if you could include the buy,ย ย 
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์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ตฌ๋งค๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
02:15
but you don't have to buy the wildfires now whatย  would this be as an active form of the question.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์„ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
02:25
The active form question is whoย  have the wildfires affected?
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๋Šฅ๋™ํ˜• ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์—ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
I put this in the present perfect haveย  affected have is conjugated with the wildfires.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, have affected have๋Š” ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
They I put this in the present perfectย  because there's a result in the present.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์“ด ์ด์œ ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์— ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
The action may be complete, the action ofย  someone's home being destroyed by the fire,ย ย 
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๊ทธ ํ–‰๋™์€ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ง‘์ด ํ™”์žฌ๋กœ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด์ฃ .
02:50
but there is a result in the present.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ์— ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
Now to answer the question in the active form,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ๋กœ ๋‹ตํ•˜์ž๋ฉด,
02:55
you could say the wildfiresย  have affected 10,000 people.
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์‚ฐ๋ถˆ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด 10,000๋ช…์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
Don't worry about taking notes because Iย  summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์—… PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋†“์•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
03:04
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
Now let's continue with the article.
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์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
Fueled by powerful winds and dry conditions,ย ย 
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๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ฑด์กฐํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ผ๋ จ
03:13
a series of ferocious wildfires erupted andย  has been roaring across the Los Angeles area.
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์˜ ๋งน๋ ฌํ•œ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ์ผ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํœฉ์“ธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
Notice the very strong language toย  talk about a very devastating issue.
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๋งค์šฐ ํŒŒ๊ดด์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:28
So let's review some of this vocabulary.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด ์–ดํœ˜ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
Our first very strong word is fueled byย  the grammar of This is a participle phrase.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
Fueled is in the past participle.
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Fueled๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
It talks about the cause or the reason.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์›์ธ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
So the ferocious wildfiresย  were fueled by powerful winds.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฒฉ๋ ฌํ•œ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
Instead of saying that, you canย  start very dramatically by usingย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ,
03:54
this participle phrase fueledย  by powerful winds, of course.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ด‰์ง„๋œ ์ด ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
Fueled by, you can think ofย  fuel that powers your car.
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์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋กœ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
So what powered?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ?
04:05
What allowed the wildfires to happen?
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์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์›์ธ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ?
04:08
What fueled them?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ์›๋™๋ ฅ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?
04:11
In our article, the causeย  or reason is very negative,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์›์ธ ์ด๋‚˜ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
04:15
but you can use this expression in a positiveย  way, in more of a sense of motivation.
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ, ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
For example, fuelled by a passion to help others,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋•๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ด์ •์— ํž˜์ž…์–ด
04:25
she became a doctor or whateverย  career choice you could have.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ง์—…์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
Now fuelled by you could have an another reason,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋•๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ด์ • ์™ธ์—๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:34
another motivator other thanย  a passion to help others.
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.
04:38
This starts with the participle phrase.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
You can also use this in a full sentence.
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์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
Her career.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ
04:44
So this is a something it was fueled by.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ด‰์ง„๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
So to be fueled by in the sentence form.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
Her career was fueled by a passion to help others.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋•๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ด์ •์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
That sentence used to be fueledย  by which is the passive form.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์ธ which์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ด‰์ง„๋˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
You could use this in the active form.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
So you need the something,ย  a passion to help others.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋•๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ด์ •์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
This is the subject.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
The something fueled her career.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์— โ€‹โ€‹ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถˆ์–ด๋„ฃ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
So this is just in the past, simple.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ฑด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์—์š”.
05:16
You could say this is still takingย  place now and say fuels her career.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์— โ€‹โ€‹ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถˆ์–ด๋„ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
It's taking place now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
So this is the active form,ย  and the verb is to fuel.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™œ์„ฑ ํ˜•ํƒœ ์ด๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
Now let's look at ferocious, an adjective thatย  describes the wildfires in a very powerful way.
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์ด์ œ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ '์‚ฌ๋‚˜์šด'์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
Ferocious.
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์‚ฌ๋‚˜์šด.
05:35
You can think of that as very fierce, veryย  intense, and it also has the meaning of violent.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฒฉ๋ ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
We often use this word to describeย  animals, wild animals mainly.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข…์ข… ๋™๋ฌผ, ์ฃผ๋กœ ์•ผ์ƒ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
For example, lions are ferocious.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์‚ฌ์ž๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋‚˜์›Œ์š”.
05:50
You can think of many different examples.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
There is one use of this word in a positive way.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์“ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
We say she has a ferocious appetite for learning.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
This means she has an intense desire toย  learn, but we use the word appetite for.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ์—ด๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹์š•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
So if you say she has a ferocious appetite.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์‹์š•์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด,
06:17
This sounds like she's extremelyย  hungry a lot of the time.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ชน์‹œ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”ˆ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
06:21
And when she eats, she eats very forcefully.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋จน์„ ๋•Œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
She eats a large quantity, perhaps quickly.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
So she has a ferocious appetite.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์‹์š•์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:31
You can absolutely say that.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:32
But if you add on appetite forย  and then something for learning,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ํ•™์Šต,
06:37
for playing guitar, forย  exercise, that sounds positive.
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๊ธฐํƒ€ ์—ฐ์ฃผ, ์šด๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ด์ •๊นŒ์ง€ ๋”ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
06:41
It means she has a strongย  desire for that activity.
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์ฆ‰, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ™œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์—ด๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:45
She has a ferocious appetite for learning.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
This is an expression we commonly use in English.
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์ด๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
So does that describe you?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
06:53
Do you have a ferocious appetite for learning,ย  learning English, improving your English?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ , ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:58
I'm sure you do.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:59
That's why you're here.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
So put that's me, put that's me,ย  put that's me in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์•ผ, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์•ผ, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์•ผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
07:05
You probably know what erupted means,ย  because that's what happens to a volcano.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํญ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”์‚ฐ์ด ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
07:11
So to erupt is to happen suddenly and violently.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํญ๋ฐœ์€ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๊ฒฉ๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
We use this in a metaphorical way toย  describe someone who becomes extremely angry,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์€์œ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
07:24
usually suddenly and extremely inย  the sense of violently, not violentย ย 
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๋ณดํ†ต์€ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
07:29
in physical, harming someone physically,ย  but just violent in the intensity.
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
So for example, my bossย  erupted in the meeting today.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ƒˆ์–ด์š”.
07:40
So it sounds like perhaps the boss gotย  very angry loud, maybe started shouting.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์‚ฌ์žฅ๋‹˜์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์„œ ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์‹  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
My boss erupted in the meeting today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ƒˆ์–ด์š”.
07:50
And then the reason why when weย  missed the deadline or becauseย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์„ ๋†“์ณค์„ ๋•Œ, ๋˜๋Š”
07:54
we missed the deadline, both of those would work.
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๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์„ ๋†“์ณค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ด์œ .
07:56
So we do use this to describe someone whoย  becomes very angry very suddenly as well.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ชน์‹œ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
And now let's look at theย  verb to roar has been roaring.
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์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ '์šธ๋ถ€์ง–๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ roaring์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
So this is in the present perfect,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์ด๋ฉฐ
08:10
continuous because the fire started inย  the past and it continues until now.
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์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์–ด ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
And we don't know when it will stop.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ธ์ œ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ์ง€๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
Unfortunately, to roar specificallyย  with fire means to burn strongly.
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„, ๋ถˆ๋กœ ํฌํšจํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํƒ€์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
So inside, if it's a cold day, youย  can say, oh, the fire is roaring.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ถ”์šด ๋‚ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ " ์•„, ๋ถˆ์ด ํƒ€์˜ค๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ตฌ๋‚˜"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:27
And that sounds like a positive thing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š”.
08:30
It's a strong fire and you want it for warmth.
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๋ถˆ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์„œ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
But of course, it can be usedย  very negatively with a wildfire.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์—๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
So again, very strong language.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋„ค์š”.
08:39
Given the severity of the situation.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์˜ ์‹ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•˜์—ฌ.
08:41
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
At one point there were close to 200,000 people.
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ํ•œ๋•Œ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋Š” 20๋งŒ ๋ช…์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
So that's how you would verbalize this number.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ตฐ์š”. ์†Œ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ํ™”์žฌ ์ง„์••์— ๋‚˜์„œ๋ฉด์„œ
08:51
200,000 people under evacuation ordersย  as crews tried to battle back the fires.
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20๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ๋Œ€ํ”ผ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:00
I vocalize this number for you because a lot ofย ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
09:05
times students will put an S onย  the number which is incorrect.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ˆซ์ž์— S๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ชป ์ ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
200,000 There's no S because the plural isย  with the noun people is the plural of persons.
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200,000 S๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ people๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. people์€ persons์˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
So the noun is there.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
09:18
200,000 people $200,000 and the S is on dollarย  if you were talking financially 200,000 people.
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20๋งŒ ๋ช… $200,000์ด๊ณ  S๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์žฌ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ 20๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
09:29
Are you enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
09:31
If you are, then I want to tell youย  about the finally fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์œ ์ฐฝํ•ด์ง„ ์•„์นด๋ฐ๋ฏธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
This is my premium training program whereย  we study native English speakers from TV,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ TV,
09:43
movies, YouTube and the news.
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์˜ํ™”, YouTube, ๋‰ด์Šค์—์„œ ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
So you can improve your listeningย  skills of fast English, expand yourย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ์ฒญ์ทจ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ,
09:50
vocabulary with natural expressions,ย  and learn advanced grammar easily.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  , ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
Plus, you'll have me as your personal coach.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด
09:58
You can look in the descriptionย  for the link to learn more,ย ย 
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
10:01
or you can go to my website andย  click on Finally Fluent Academy.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ Finally Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:06
Now, let's continue with our lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
By Tuesday morning, the number had dwindled.
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ํ™”์š”์ผ ์•„์นจ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
So remember previously they were talking aboutย  the number of people under evacuation orders.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด์ „์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€ํ”ผ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:18
If you're under an evacuation order, itย  just means you are ordered to evacuate.
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๋Œ€ํ”ผ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€ํ”ผํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง‘์—์„œ
10:24
The order to evacuate to leaveย  your home applies to you.
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๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ผ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ”ผ ๋ช…๋ น์ด ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
That would be under evacuation orders.
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๋Œ€ํ”ผ ๋ช…๋ น์ด ๋‚ด๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
So remember, it was 200,000 people, but thenย  it had dwindled to around 88,000 people withย ย 
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ์ฃ , ๋‹น์‹œ 20๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ํ›„๋กœ๋Š” 8๋งŒ 8์ฒœ ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ์นด์šดํ‹ฐ ์ „์—ญ์—
10:41
another 84,800 in evacuation warningย  zones throughout Los Angeles County.
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๋Œ€ํ”ผ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์—ญ์— 8๋งŒ 4์ฒœ 8๋ฐฑ ๋ช…์ด ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:48
This is a great verb to have in your vocabulary.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์–ดํœ˜์— ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
It means to steadily andย  gradually decrease or reduce.
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๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
Soย ย 
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10:59
a steady and gradual goes like this, rather thanย  from here to here instantly, it's just steady.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ
๊พธ์ค€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊พธ์ค€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
And gradually, you could say my passionย  dwindled as my workload increased.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ œ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ œ ์—ด์ •์€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
Remember, originally you were fueledย  by your passion to help others.
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์›๋ž˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋•๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ด์ •์— ์˜ํ•ด ์›€์ง์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:18
You were, your career was fueledย  by your passion to help others.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋•๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ด์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์„ ์Œ“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
But then as you started working stress,ย  deadlines, workloads, your passion dwindled.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค, ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ, ์—…๋ฌด๋Ÿ‰ ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ฒน์น˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ด์ •์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
It gradually but steadily decreased.
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์ ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
Or we use this with a specific number,ย  a specific quantity, the guests.
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๋˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ˆซ์ž, ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์–‘, ์ฆ‰ ์†๋‹˜๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
This should be plural the guests.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ์†๋‹˜์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
So maybe this is at a weddingย  or a party or even a conference.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์•„๋งˆ ์ด๊ฑด ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์‹ ์ด๋‚˜ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
11:44
The guests had dwindled to around 50 by midnight.
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์ž์ •์ด ๋˜์ž ์†๋‹˜์€ 50๋ช… ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
So maybe there were originally 200ย  people, but then as time went onย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์›๋ž˜๋Š” 200 ๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ
11:54
gradually and steadily decreased, so theย  guests had dwindled to around midnight.
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์ ์  ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์–ด์„œ ์†๋‹˜์€ ์ž์ • ๋ฌด๋ ต๊นŒ์ง€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
So this means that there were approximatelyย  50 guests remaining at midnight because theย ย 
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์ฆ‰, ๋ฐค์ด ๊นŠ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์†๋‹˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์–ด ์ž์ • ๋ฌด๋ ต์— ๋‚จ์€ ์†๋‹˜์ด ์•ฝ 50๋ช… ์ •๋„์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๋ฐ
12:07
number of guests had dwindled as the nightย  went on, which is a normal thing to happen.
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, ์ด๋Š” ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
Let's review the pronunciation of LALA loss.
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LALA ๋กœ์Šค์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
So just like the opposite of win loss loss.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ŠนํŒจํŒจ๋ฐฐ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:23
Now this I phonetically spelledย  it as an so the female nameย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ ์œผ๋กœ
12:29
an the female name Jill J Jill and thenย  is because it's unstressed at the end.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ด๋ฆ„์ธ Jill J Jill๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋์— ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
Now I have an in all capsย  because this is the stress sound.
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์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ๋œ 'an'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
Angelus Angelus Angelus Angelusย  Angelus Los Angeles Los Angeles.
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์•ค์ ค๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์•ค์ ค๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์•ค์ ค๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์•ค์ ค๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์•ค์ ค๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค .
12:53
If you're ever in doubt, you can simply say LA.
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์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šฐ๋ฉด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ LA๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
On Thursday,ย ย 
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๋ชฉ์š”์ผ์—
13:00
officials announced limited repopulation forย  some areas evacuated amid the fire zones.
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๊ด€๊ณ„์ž๋“ค์€ ํ™”์žฌ ๊ตฌ์—ญ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋Œ€ํ”ผ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œํ•œ์ ์ธ ์žฌ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:07
When you add re in front of aย  word, it means to do it again.
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๋‹จ์–ด ์•ž์— re๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด๋ฉด ' ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
So to populate those areasย  again so people live there.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ€์ง‘ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:17
Then they're under an evacuation order.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋Œ€ํ”ผ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
13:20
They're told to evacuate, so they leave,ย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ”ผํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ณ ,
13:24
evacuate, they leave, and now they canย  repopulate so they can populate again.
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๋Œ€ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๋– ๋‚˜๊ณ , ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
They can go back.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
Limited repopulation for some areas,ย  evacuated amid amid means between.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ด ์ œํ•œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋Œ€ํ”ผ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
So you have a Fire Zone here and a Fire Zone here.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํ™”์žฌ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋„ ํ™”์žฌ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
13:42
And then the people who are amid that Fire Zone,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ถˆ ์ง€๋Œ€ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค,
13:46
who are living between the Fire Zone,ย  those are the ones that can repopulate.
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๋ถˆ ์ง€๋Œ€ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:53
Well, limited repopulation.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ด ์ œํ•œ์ ์ด์ฃ .
13:54
If there's limited, it meansย  it doesn't apply to everyone.
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์ œํ•œ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
It applies to certain peopleย  under certain conditions.
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์ด๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์— ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:03
Amid can also mean during.
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Amid๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ~๋™์•ˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:05
So it's the same as in the middle of.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ค‘๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
14:08
So you can think of if you have a timeline,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํƒ€์ž„๋ผ์ธ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:10
amid can be during that timeline or in theย  middle of in progress of that timeline.
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์ค‘๊ฐ„์€ ํƒ€์ž„๋ผ์ธ ์ค‘์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํƒ€์ž„๋ผ์ธ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
So it can be more geographical.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋” ์ง€๋ฆฌ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
14:18
So there are fire zones and people live amidย  in the middle of or it can also mean during.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ™”์žฌ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋™์•ˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
This is a very advanced way to use it.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋งค์šฐ ์ง„๋ณด๋œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—์š”.
14:28
You can say amid something, amid the chaos,ย  amid the destruction of the wildfires.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ, ํ˜ผ๋ž€ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ, ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์„œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
So something negative chaos represents aย  strong sense of uncertainty, confusion,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜ผ๋ˆ์€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ, ํ˜ผ๋ž€,
14:42
stress, a lot of different negativeย  emotions happening all at the same timeย ย 
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์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ
14:47
or different negative situationsย  happening all at the same time.
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ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ๋กœ
14:51
Chaos amid the chaos orย  destruction of the wildfires.
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์ธํ•œ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์ด๋‚˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด ์†์˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€.
14:56
But then perhaps you can contrastย  that with something positive.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
Communities came together.
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์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋ชจ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:02
So to come together, to join eachย  other, to unite, to support each other.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์—ฌ, ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  , ๋‹จ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:10
But you don't have to have a contrasting point.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์ธ ๊ด€์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
You could have two negatives or two positives.
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
Here's 2 negatives since ourย  topic is on the negative side.
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์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์„ 2๊ฐœ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œํ—˜
15:20
Amid the stress of studyingย  for my exams, I became sick.
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๊ณต๋ถ€๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ณ‘์ด ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:26
So in the middle of Oregon during.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ๊ฑด ์ค‘๋ถ€์—์„œ.
15:28
It's a very advanced, very powerful way,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ง„๋ณด์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ,
15:30
one that would certainly help youย  sound advanced on your language exam.
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์–ธ์–ด ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ์ง„๋ณด๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:36
The fires have destroyed.
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ํ™”์žฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
Notice this present.
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์ด ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:39
Perfect because it's a past actionย  with the result in the present,ย ย 
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์™„๋ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
and it can also be an unfinished time referenceย  because the fire is still taking place,ย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ง ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
15:50
so it's possible for more houses andย  more neighborhoods to be destroyed.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ง‘๊ณผ ๋™๋„ค๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
The fires have destroyed entireย  neighborhoods and blocks.
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ํ™”์žฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋™๋„ค์™€ ๋ธ”๋ก ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:59
So a block would be a geographical areaย  similar to a neighborhood, a block of homes.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ธ”๋ก์€ ๋™๋„ค์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ง€๋ฆฌ์  ์˜์—ญ, ์ฆ‰ ์ฃผํƒ์ด ๋ชจ์ธ ๋ธ”๋ก์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
So you can think of it as there are streetsย  that represent the geographical area,ย ย 
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์ฆ‰, ์ง€๋ฆฌ์  ์˜์—ญ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
16:14
and then between those streets there are homesย  that could be called a block of homes and blocks,ย ย 
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๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ฃผํƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผํƒ ๋ธ”๋ก์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋กœ
16:20
leaving an unknown number of people homeless.
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์ธํ•ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง‘์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:25
The insured Lawsons from lastย  week's fires may exceed $20 billion.
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์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ ํ™”์žฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋กœ์Šจ์˜ ๋ณดํ—˜๊ธˆ์ด 200์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:34
So remember I talked about how you addย  the S to the noun, in this case dollars,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— S๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ์ฃ .
16:41
even though you don't see theย  word is represented by this$.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ $๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„์š”.
16:46
You verbalize it with the word dollar,ย  but then you put it at the end and youย ย 
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๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋‘๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋์— ๋†“๊ณ 
16:51
add an S if it's more than one,ย  $1.00 to dollars, so 20 billion.
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1๋ณด๋‹ค ํด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ S๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์„œ 1๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ 200์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:58
And then you add the wordย  dollar or plural $20 billion.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ 200์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
Notice here, insured functions as an adjective.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ '๋ณดํ—˜์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
17:08
It describes the losses, the losses as a noun.
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์†์‹ค์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:12
These represent the things that you have lost.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:17
It could be your home, your car, yourย  furniture, your jewelry, all of those things.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง‘, ์ฐจ, ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ, ๋ณด์„ ๋“ฑ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:22
Those would be the losses.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์†์‹ค์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
Now, insured means that thoseย  losses are covered by insurance.
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์ด์ œ, '๋ณดํ—˜์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์†์‹ค์ด ๋ณดํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:31
Insurance means that I pay a certainย  amount of money per month or per yearย ย 
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๋ณดํ—˜์€
17:37
to a company in the case of an accident or a fire,ย ย 
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์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋‚˜ ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด ๋งค๋‹ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งค๋…„ ์ผ์ • ๊ธˆ์•ก์„ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋‚ด๊ณ , ๋ณดํ—˜์—
17:42
and then they will give me the money forย  the value of those items if I am covered.
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๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ด๋‹น ํ’ˆ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ˆ์„ ๋Œ๋ ค๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:49
So the loss is covered by insurance.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์†์‹ค์€ ๋ณดํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:52
That's the insured losses from last week's fire.
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์ด๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ ํ™”์žฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ณดํ—˜์†์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:57
And the word exceed means more than so it could beย  more than $20 billion and total economic losses.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์ดˆ๊ณผ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ 200์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ „์ฒด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์†์‹ค๋„ ํด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:08
So these are the lossesย  for the economy as a whole.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ์†์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:13
So economy, economic economy, economic economyย  is the noun and economic is the adjective.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ economy, economic economy, economic economy ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  economic์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:24
If you use the noun, which is veryย  common, you could say end total lossesย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์†์‹ค์„ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:29
to the economy, to the economy because theย  economy is the one receiving the losses.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์†์‹ค์„ ์ž…๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:34
So it'd be to the economy, and that's the noun.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ฃ . ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ
18:37
Could reach $50 billion againย  with this dollars at the end.
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๋‹ค์‹œ 500์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . JP Morgan์ด ๋ชฉ์š”์ผ์—
18:44
According to estimates publishedย  by JP Morgan on Thursday,ย ย 
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๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ์ถ”์‚ฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
18:49
the official cause of the fires has notย  been determined, has not been determined.
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ํ™”์žฌ์˜ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์›์ธ์€ ์•„์ง ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:56
This is another way of justย  saying they don't know.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:59
So it is a more formal way, a moreย  official way of saying we don't know.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:05
We don't know what caused the fires.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™”์žฌ์˜ ์›์ธ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”์žฌ
19:07
The official cause of theย  fires has not been determined.
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์˜ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์›์ธ์€ ์•„์ง ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:12
Also, notice that this is in the passive.
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๋˜ํ•œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
19:14
They're not focusing on who is doing the action.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:18
They're talking about the result.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
19:21
Now if you put it in the active form, you wouldย  need some sort of subject doing the action.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋™์ž‘์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:26
So perhaps experts, experts have notย  determined the cause of the fire.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์•„์ง ํ™”์žฌ ์›์ธ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:34
So this, the official cause of the fire,ย  that's the object has not been determined.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™”์žฌ์˜ ๊ณต์‹ ์›์ธ์ด๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋Š” ์•„์ง ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:41
So to be determined, and thisย  makes sense that it's in theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
19:46
passive because you want the focus to beย  on the official cause, not that experts.
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์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์›์ธ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:51
It's the 'cause that's what people want to know.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
19:54
The combination of drought like conditions.
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๊ฐ€๋ญ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:58
Notice this pronunciation that GH is silent.
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GH๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
20:01
It's just like the word out,ย  out with a drought drought.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:08
The combination of drought like conditions.
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๊ฐ€๋ญ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:11
Now they're going to tell you more informationย  about these drought like conditions.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:14
Southern California has had less than 10%ย  of average rainfall since October 1st.
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๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„๋Š” 10์›” 1์ผ ์ดํ›„ ํ‰๊ท  ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์˜ 10% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:21
But because this is between dashes, itย  means I can remove this entire part.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์‹œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:26
And the sentence must be grammatically correctย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํ•ด์•ผ
20:29
so you can read it like the combination of droughtย  like conditions and powerful offshore winds.
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๊ฐ€๋ญ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ•ด์ƒํ’์ด ํ•ฉ์ณ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:35
Because when you have the wordย  combination, we need two or more things.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹จ์–ด ์กฐํ•ฉ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:41
So the first thing is drought like conditions.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ญ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:43
I instantly want to know the second thing,ย ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ ์ด
20:46
powerful offshore winds that hit the regionย  last week prompted fire weather that was inย ย 
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์ง€์—ญ์„ ๊ฐ•ํƒ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ•ด์ƒํ’์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
20:55
the words of the National Weatherย  Service, about as bad as it gets.
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๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ฒญ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋นŒ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด ์ตœ์•…์˜ ํ™”์žฌ ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 0์—์„œ 10๊นŒ์ง€
21:01
Let's review prompted fire weather that wasย  about as bad as it gets, which means in termsย ย 
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์‹ฌ๊ฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด, ์‹ฌ๊ฐ๋„ ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š”
21:08
of how bad something can be zero to 10, it wasย  a 10 as bad as it gets 10 out of 10 in severity.
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10์  ๋งŒ์ ์— 10์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜์œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:19
So prompted is another wayย  of saying caused or LED to.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ”„๋กฌํ”„ํŠธ๋Š” ์›์ธ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ LED๊ฐ€ ์ผœ์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:25
So if you use the verb to lead, you also needย  that preposition to lead to fire weather.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ 'lead'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํ™”์žฌ ๋‚ ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ 'lead'๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:32
But with caused and prompted you don'tย  use that preposition caused fire weather,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ caused์™€ prompt์—์„œ๋Š” caused fire weather๋ผ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
21:37
prompted fire weather lead to.
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prompt fire weather lead to๋ผ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:40
But notice all of them are in the past form.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
21:44
Now the verb to prompt is commonly used.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ 'prompt'๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:48
Let's review some examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:49
The price increase prompted meย  to find a new insurance policyย ย 
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๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์ธ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณดํ—˜ ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ์ฐพ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์ธ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
21:54
caused me led me to find a new insurance policy.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณดํ—˜ ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ์ฐพ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:00
So another way, you could say I foundย  a new insurance policy because of theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์ธ์ƒ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณดํ—˜ ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ์ฐพ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:07
price increase, so you could flip theย  order around and use the word because.
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. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ง‘์–ด์„œ because๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:12
Now someone might ask, what prompted her to quit?
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์ด์ œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:15
Why did she quit?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์™œ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
22:16
What caused her to quit?
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?
22:17
What led her to quit?
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?
22:19
Her passion had dwindled,ย  remember, gradually decreased.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—ด์ •์€ ์ ์  ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ์ฃ , ์ ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:23
Her passion had dwindled and her stressย  had increased amid the tight deadlines.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—ด์ •์€ ์‹์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ด‰๋ฐ•ํ•œ ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ ์†์—์„œ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:31
So she has a lot of tight deadlines.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด‰๋ฐ•ํ•œ ๋งˆ๊ฐ๊ธฐํ•œ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋งž๋‹ฅ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:33
And during those tight deadlines were in theย  middle of her passion started going down,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ด‰๋ฐ•ํ•œ ๋งˆ๊ฐ๊ธฐํ•œ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—ด์ •์€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
22:38
her stress started going up, andย  that's what prompted her to quit.
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์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:44
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:45
The agency issued a red flag warning indicatingย ย 
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ๊ด€์€
22:49
an increased risk for fireย  danger to 19 million people.
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1,900๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ํ™”์žฌ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋ นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:54
Wind gusts topping 70 mph MPH, mph, mph wereย  recorded at several locations across the region.
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‹œ์† 70๋งˆ์ผ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œํ’์ด ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:07
Wind gusts, you have your surrounding wind,ย ย 
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๋Œํ’์€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ณ ,
23:11
just the background wind and then allย  of a sudden you have stronger wind.
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๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ๋งŒ ๋ถˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:15
That would be the gust of wind.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œํ’์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
23:17
So you can use gust of wind or wind gusts.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œํ’์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œํ’์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:21
Now topping, if 70 mph is theย  the speed or reference point,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ํ† ํ•‘, ๋งŒ์•ฝ 70mph๊ฐ€ ์†๋„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€์ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
23:29
then topping means either reaching or exceeding.
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ํ† ํ•‘์€ ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:33
So it might just reach, it might justย  get to 70, but it might also exceed.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ 70์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  , 70์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:38
So 71 to even 5 or more.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ 71์—์„œ 5 ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
23:42
Climate scientist Daniel Swainย  pointed to the weather whiplash.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๊ณผํ•™์ž ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์—˜ ์Šค์›จ์ธ์€ ๋‚ ์”จ์˜ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง€์ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:47
California has experience.
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์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:49
So whiplash is when you move strongly in Oneย  Direction but then strongly in the other.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฑ„์ฐ์งˆ์€ ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋‹ค ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:55
So it's something that happens toย  people when they're in car accidents.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ตํ†ต์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—์š”.
24:00
If you're in a car accident and your head stronglyย  moves one way and then back the other way,ย ย 
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๊ตํ†ต์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ•ด์„œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์˜€๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋’ค๋กœ ์ –ํ˜€์ง€๋Š”
24:07
that is called whiplash and itย  can result in in severe damage.
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ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์ฑ„์ฐ์งˆ ์†์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์†์ƒ์„ ์ž…์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:13
So my image of weather isย  doing that so real strongย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ ์”จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋Š”
24:18
in one way and then real strong in another way.
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ํ•œ ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋„ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:23
Now what are those two ways?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
24:25
I'm not sure.
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์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
24:26
So let's see.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ฃ .
24:27
So whether whiplash pointed toย  the weather whiplash Californiaย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฑ„์ฐ์งˆ์€
24:31
has experienced in recent years lurching between.
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๋‚ ์”จ์˜ ์ฑ„์ฐ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:35
OK, so here's the whiplashย  drought and heavy rainfall.
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„๊ณผ ํญ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ๋ณด๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:39
So it's going back and forth really quickly.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •๋ง ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์•ž๋’ค๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
24:41
Drought, rainfall, drought,ย  rainfall and said such swings.
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๊ฐ€๋ญ„, ๊ฐ•์šฐ, ๊ฐ€๋ญ„, ๊ฐ•์šฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
24:46
So the swing is from one side to the other.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์Šค์œ™์€ ํ•œ ์ชฝ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
24:49
So they're extreme drought isย  almost the opposite of rainfall.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์€ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์™€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:53
So that could be the swings are a key elementย  of the fire weather gripping the region.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€๋™์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๊ฐ•ํƒ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ™”์žฌ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์š”์†Œ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:01
Let's review this verb to grip.
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์ด ๋™์‚ฌ 'grip'์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:04
So in this context, the fair weatherย  gripping the region is taking place.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:10
Now it's in our participle form.
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:13
This is very commonly used to gripย  means to take hold of, to affect.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ' ์žก๋‹ค', '์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋‹ค'๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:20
It can also be used to mean toย  dominate 1's attention or life.
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๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:25
Now, in this case, certainly thisย  fire is dominating L as attentionย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ด ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” L์˜ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ
25:30
and North America and the world's attention.
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๊ณผ ๋ถ๋ฏธ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ์„ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:34
But it can also be used in a positive way.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:37
Something can dominate yourย  attention in a positive way.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:41
For example, the mystery novel was so gripping.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ถ”๋ฆฌ์†Œ์„ค์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ํฅ๋ฏธ์ง„์ง„ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
25:45
So in this case, you'reย  describing the novel as gripping.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์†Œ์„ค์ด ํฅ๋ฏธ์ง„์ง„ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์…ˆ์ด์ฃ .
25:49
Gripping means it dominated your attention.
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๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด
25:53
It captivated your attention, so youย  might say I couldn't put it down.
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์ฑ…์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:58
This means that you couldn't stop reading it.
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์ฆ‰, ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:01
So the book is in your hands andย  it was hard for you to put it down.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์†์— ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:06
That's a expression we use toย  say you couldn't stop reading.
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์ด๋Š” ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:10
I couldn't put it down.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:12
Or you could say the novelย  gripped my attention all night.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์†Œ์„ค์ด ๋ฐค์ƒˆ๋„๋ก ๋‚ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
26:17
So this is the active form.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ฒŒ ํ™œ์„ฑํ˜•์ด์—์š”.
26:19
The novel is doing that action.
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์†Œ์„ค์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
26:21
The novel gripped my attention all night.
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๊ทธ ์†Œ์„ค์€ ๋ฐค์ƒˆ๋„๋ก ๋‚ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:25
So it captivated, it held, itย  dominated your attention all night.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐค์ƒˆ๋„๋ก ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:30
So it's a very common verb andย  you can use it in a negative,ย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
26:35
which is commonly done with world events,ย  but you can also use it in a positive way.
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์ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:41
And that's the end of the article.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:42
So what I'll do now is I'llย  read the article from startย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
26:45
to finish and you can focus on my pronunciation.
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๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:48
California wildfires, what we know about LA areaย  fires, what caused them, who is affected and more.
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์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ, LA ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด , ์›์ธ, ํ”ผํ•ด ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋“ฑ.
26:56
Fueled by powerful winds and dry conditions,ย ย 
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๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ฑด์กฐํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ผ๋ จ
26:58
a series of ferocious wildfires erupted andย  has been roaring across the Los Angeles area.
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์˜ ๋งน๋ ฌํ•œ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ์ผ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํœฉ์“ธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:05
At one point, there were close to 200,000 peopleย ย 
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ํ•œ๋•Œ
27:08
under evacuation orders as crewsย  tried to battle back the fires.
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์†Œ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€์›๋“ค์ด ํ™”์žฌ ์ง„์••์— ๋‚˜์„œ๋ฉด์„œ ์•ฝ 20๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ๋Œ€ํ”ผ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:13
By Tuesday morning, the numberย  had dwindled to around 88,000,ย ย 
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ํ™”์š”์ผ ์•„์นจ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์•ฝ 88,000๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ ,
27:17
with another 84,800 in evacuation warningย  zones throughout Los Angeles County.
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๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ์นด์šดํ‹ฐ ์ „์—ญ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ”ผ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์—ญ์—๋Š” 84,800๋ช…์ด ๋” ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:22
On Thursday, officials announcedย  limited repopulation for some areasย ย 
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๋ชฉ์š”์ผ์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž๋“ค์€ ํ™”์žฌ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์—์„œ ๋Œ€ํ”ผํ•œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ œํ•œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ์ธ๊ตฌ ์œ ์ž…์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:28
evacuated amid the fire zones.
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.
27:30
The fires have destroyed entireย  neighborhoods and blocks,ย ย 
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ํ™”์žฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋™๋„ค์™€ ๋ธ”๋ก ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
27:34
leaving an unknown number of people homeless.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง‘์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. JP Morgan์ด ๋ชฉ์š”์ผ์— ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ์ถ”์‚ฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
27:36
The insured losses from last week's firesย  may exceed $20 billion and total economicย ย 
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์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ ํ™”์žฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ณดํ—˜ ์†์‹ค์ด 200์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ 
27:43
losses could reach $50 billion, according toย  estimates published by JP Morgan on Thursday.
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์†์‹ค์€ 500์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ™”์žฌ
27:49
The official cause of theย  fires has not been determined.
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์˜ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์›์ธ์€ ์•„์ง ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:53
The combination of drought like conditions,ย ย 
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๊ฐ€๋ญ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด
27:55
Southern California has had less than 10%ย  of average rainfall since October 1st andย ย 
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๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„๋Š” 10์›” 1์ผ ์ดํ›„ ํ‰๊ท  ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์˜ 10% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ ์ด
28:01
powerful offshore winds that hit the regionย  last week prompted fire weather that was,ย ย 
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์ง€์—ญ์„ ๊ฐ•ํƒ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ•ด์ƒํ’์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
28:06
in the words of the National Weatherย  Service, about as bad as it gets.
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๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ฒญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋‚ ์”จ๋Š” 10์›” 1์ผ๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋น„์Šทํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค.
28:11
The agency issued a red flag warning indicatingย ย 
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ๊ด€์€
28:14
an increased risk for fireย  danger to 90 million people.
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9์ฒœ๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ํ™”์žฌ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋ นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‹œ์†
28:18
Wind gusts topping 70 mph were recordedย  at several locations across the region.
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70๋งˆ์ผ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œํ’์ด ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:26
Climate scientist Daniel Swain pointedย  to the weather whiplash California hasย ย 
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๊ณผํ•™์ž ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์—˜ ์Šค์›จ์ธ์€ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„๊ฐ€
28:30
experienced in recent years lurchingย  between drought and heavy rainfall,ย ย 
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„๊ณผ ํญ์šฐ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜ค๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ ๊ฒช์€ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ๊ธ‰๋ณ€์„ ์ง€์ 
28:35
and said such swings are a key elementย  of the fire weather gripping the region.
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ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๊ฐ•ํƒ€ํ•œ ํ™”์žฌ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์š”์†Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:41
Do you want me to keep making lessonsย  where we learn English with the news?
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๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธธ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋Ÿด
28:45
If you do put let's go, let'sย  go, put let's go in the comments.
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— '๊ฐ€์ž, ๊ฐ€์ž, ๊ฐ€์ž'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
28:49
And of course, make sure you like this lesson,ย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
28:51
share it with your friends and subscribe soย  you're notified every time I post a new lesson.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”.
28:56
And you can get this free speakingย  guide where I share 6 tips on howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
28:59
to speak English fluently and confidently.
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:01
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
29:05
And here is another news article on aย  current event, so make sure you watch it now.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7