English Vocabulary Practice with News | C1 level

62,344 views ใƒป 2023-09-06

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
In this lesson, you're going to improve your fluency in English, and we're going to do
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:05
this by reading a news article together.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์Œ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
And this news article is at the C1 level, so you'll learn a lot of advanced vocabulary,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” C1 ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜,
00:14
advanced expressions, advanced grammar, and advanced pronunciation.
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๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ‘œํ˜„, ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
And don't worry, because I explained all the complex concepts and make them very easy to
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:25
understand.
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00:25
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
I'm Jennifer.
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00:28
Now let's get started.
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
1st I'll read the headline Is the Coliseum crumbling?
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๋จผ์ € ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:35
I'm sure you recognize the Coliseum in this picture of monument that is known around the
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋…๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:43
world.
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.
00:44
Is the Coliseum crumbling?
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:46
Let's talk about crumbling.
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๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:49
The verb is to crumble, crumble, and that means to break one item, one thing, into smaller
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๋‹ค, ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ, ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:59
pieces.
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.
01:00
So this is commonly used with homes or structures or building, especially when they're made
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘์ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ, ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํŠนํžˆ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
01:06
of a material that can break into smaller pieces, like stone, like the Coliseum.
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์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์„œ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:13
Now this is also commonly used in cooking.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์š”๋ฆฌ์—๋„ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
So my example here, we crumbled some nuts over the pie.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ œ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ํŒŒ์ด ์œ„์— ๊ฒฌ๊ณผ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ๋ถ€์ˆด๋†“์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:21
So you take one whole nut, even though a nut is very small, and then you break it into
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋„ˆํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ „์ฒด ๋„ˆํŠธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋”
01:30
smaller pieces and then you can crumble it over the pie.
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์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ˆ˜๊ณ  ํŒŒ์ด ์œ„์— ๋ถ€์ˆด๋ฒ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:34
So you have small pieces of nuts on your pie.
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ํŒŒ์ด์— ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒฌ๊ณผ๋ฅ˜ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
So very common in cooking, and also very common for buildings, especially stone buildings.
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์š”๋ฆฌ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ, ํŠนํžˆ ์„์กฐ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
And here it's in the present continuous is the Colosseum crumbling?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์—์„œ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
01:50
So our verb to be is simply because they're asking if this is taking place right now.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
Now notice the Coliseum.
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์ด์ œ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:00
For the name of this monument, this structure you need the article the because there is
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์ด ๊ธฐ๋…๋ฌผ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:07
only one Coliseum.
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.
02:10
It is unique.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…ํŠนํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
The and Coliseum is capitalized.
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The and Coliseum์€ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋ชฉ์˜
02:14
You can't tell here because every first letter is capitalized in the title, but Coliseum
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์ฒซ ๊ธ€์ž๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ Coliseum์€
02:23
is always spelled with a capital C, so the, which does not have to be capitalized.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž C๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
But Coliseum, the C is always capitalized because it's considered a proper noun, and
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Coliseum, C๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๊ณ 
02:39
we use the because it's unique.
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๊ณ ์œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— the๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
There's only one Don't worry about taking these notes because I summarize everything
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๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
in a free lesson PDF, so you can look for the link in the description.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
02:53
I chose this article because I am going to Rome next week and the first thing I'm doing
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ๋กœ๋งˆ์— ๊ฐˆ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๊ณ  ๋กœ๋งˆ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€
02:59
in Rome is going to the Coliseum.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
I already have my ticket booked, so you can write in the comments.
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์ด๋ฏธ ํ‹ฐ์ผ“์„ ์˜ˆ๋งคํ–ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
Have a great trip, Jennifer.
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋˜์„ธ์š”, ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ.
03:08
We also simply borrow the French expression.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋นŒ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
Bon voyage.
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋˜์„ธ์š”.
03:12
Very commonly said bon voyage, which means have a great trip.
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Bon Voyage๋Š” ํ”ํžˆ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
So you can say have a great trip, Jennifer or you can borrow the French expression and
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ Have a great trip์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋นŒ๋ ค
03:22
say bon voyage.
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bon voyage๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
03:23
I probably should know the Italian expression for that, but I unfortunately don't know it.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
So if you know the Italian expression, put it in the comments as well.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์•„์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„์€ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—๋„ ์˜ฌ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
03:33
And don't worry, I will share lots of pictures and videos as well of the Coliseum, so you
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„๊ณผ ์˜์ƒ๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆด ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ
03:39
can experience the trip with me.
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์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
03:41
Let's continue with the article and learn more about the Coliseum.
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
The Coliseum.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€.
03:47
So here notice capital C in this case, the T is capitalized because it starts a sentence
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž C์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. T๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š”
03:55
and we always capitalize the 1st letter that starts a new sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์ž๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:00
Just like this is capitalized,ย  this is capitalized.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
So that's why the T is capitalized.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ T๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
But this C is always capitalized Coliseum.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด C๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Coliseum.
04:09
The Coliseum is a giant amphitheater.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์›ํ˜•๊ทน์žฅ์ด๋‹ค.
04:13
Don't let this long word confuse you.
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์ด ๊ธด ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
04:17
This pronunciation is very simple.
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์ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
Just say the word theatre, which you already know how to pronounce theatre, theatre.
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๊ทน์žฅ, ๊ทน์žฅ์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทน์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:26
Now for this Ampa PA PA.
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์ด์ œ Ampa PA PA์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
So don't let this spelling confuse you.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด ์ฒ ์ž๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
04:34
PA, PA, ampa, ampa.
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PA, PA, ์•”ํŒŒ, ์•”ํŒŒ.
04:38
Now the syllable stress is on the 1st syllable, so let's combine the sounds together and we'll
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์ด์ œ ์Œ์ ˆ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Œ์ ˆ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ
04:45
emphasize the first syllable.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Œ์ ˆ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
Amphitheatre.
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์›ํ˜• ๊ทน์žฅ.
04:49
Amphitheatre.
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์›ํ˜• ๊ทน์žฅ.
04:50
Very simple, right?
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ฃ ?
04:52
I wrote the phonetic spelling here for you now.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํ‘œ์Œ ์ฒ ์ž๋ฅผ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:56
Giant.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ.
04:57
Of course you know this word giant means very large.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:00
But did you know that a synonym of giant, very large, is colossal?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฐ์ธ, ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ๋™์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
05:06
Colossal.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ.
05:07
So you could say the Colosseum is a colossal amphitheater because they look very similar.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ๊ฒ‰ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์›ํ˜•๊ทน์žฅ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
So I think that's a nice pair to combine In the center of Rome, Italy.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์—์„œ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ข‹์€ ์Œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:23
It is one of the world's most iconic sites.
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
Listen to the pronunciation here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:29
Iconic, iconic, iconic.
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์•„์ด์ฝ”๋‹‰, ์•„์ด์ฝ”๋‹‰, ์•„์ด์ฝ”๋‹‰.
05:33
So we pronounce this as an I sound iconic and the syllable stress is in the middle iconic
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ I ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ ์•„์ด์ฝ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ
05:41
sites now because we have a superlative statement, one of the most iconic sites.
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์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ์ง„์ˆ ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์ œ ์Œ์ ˆ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์•„์ด์ฝ˜ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
So it isn't the most iconic site, it's one of.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
But we still have our superlative.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
So we need the the most iconic sites, the world's most iconic sites and one of the new
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ, ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
06:08
7 Wonders of the world coming back to iconic.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด 7๋Œ€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
Of course this means very famous or very popular.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
Now I gave an example sentence here.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
One of the most iconic sites.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
Now notice you have to have plural for your noun sites in Ottawa is, but your verb is
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์ด์ œ ์˜คํƒ€์™€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”
06:31
conjugated with one, which means there's only one, right?
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1๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ฃ  , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
06:36
So you need your singular verb to be one of the most conic sites plural in Ottawa.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜คํƒ€์™€์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์›์ถ”ํ˜• ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
This is the city I live in.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ธ
06:46
Is your verb to be conjugated with the subject 1, which is singular.
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์ฃผ์–ด 1๊ณผ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:52
Is, and then you can name that.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
One of the most iconic sites is Parliament Hill, so I want you to practice this in the
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ํŒ”๋Ÿฌ๋จผํŠธ ํž(Parliament Hill)์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:01
comments.
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.
07:02
Of course, instead of Ottawa you're going to put the name of your city and then you
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์˜คํƒ€์™€ ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ 
07:08
can only choose one, so choose whatever in your opinion is the most famous or the most
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ
07:16
popular.
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07:16
So put that in the comments.
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์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
07:18
I think it will be really interesting to learn about these iconic sites around the world.
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์ €๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
07:26
The Coliseum is the largest ancient.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์œ ์ ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
Notice the pronunciation ancient Chint.
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๋ฐœ์Œ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ Chint์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:35
Ancient, Ancient.
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๊ณ ๋Œ€, ๊ณ ๋Œ€.
07:38
And it's a very nasal a sound.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ฝง์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
A a ancient ancient.
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ณ ๋Œ€.
07:44
The largest ancient.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ณ ๋Œ€.
07:46
Now you know how to say this, right?
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ง์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
07:49
What is it?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:50
Ampeceder.
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์•ฐํ”„.
07:51
Ampeceder is the largest ancient amphitheater ever built.
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Ampeceder๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฑด์„ค๋œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์›ํ˜• ๊ทน์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:57
So here again we have the largest because it's the superlative, the largest ancient
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
amplitheater ever built.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฑด์„ค๋œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์›ํ˜•๊ทน์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
It was completed it of course, the Coliseum.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€๋„ ์™„์„ฑ๋๋‹ค.
08:11
It was completed over 2 millennia ago, in 8080.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ 2000๋…„ ์ „์ธ 8080๋…„์— ์™„์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
Let's talk about millennia.
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋…„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:19
Millennia is the plural form of Millennium.
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๋ฐ€๋ ˆ๋‹ˆ์—„์€ ๋ฐ€๋ ˆ๋‹ˆ์—„์˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
One Millennium 2 millennia and one Millennium is 1000 years.
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1์ฒœ๋…„์€ 2์ฒœ๋…„์ด๊ณ , 1์ฒœ๋…„์€ 1000๋…„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
So two millennia.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ 2์ฒœ๋…„.
08:34
Remember, plural of Millennium 2 millennia is 2000 years.
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Millennium 2 millennia์˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ 2000๋…„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
08:39
So it was completed over 2000 years ago in AD 80.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ 2000์—ฌ๋…„ ์ „์ธ ์„œ๊ธฐ 80๋…„์— ์™„์„ฑ๋์–ด์š”.
08:44
To be honest, I can't even imagine that long ago in the past.
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์†”์งํžˆ ์˜›๋‚  ์˜›์ ์—๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒ์กฐ์ฐจ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—์š” .
08:49
I don't know about you now ad perhaps you're familiar with this?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
08:55
This is a calendar reference.
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๋‹ฌ๋ ฅ ์ฐธ๊ณ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
I'm not sure if this calendar reference is used all around the world, so let me know
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์ด ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋” ์ฐธ๊ณ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์œผ๋‹ˆ,
09:04
in the comments if you're familiar with this calendar reference.
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์ด ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋” ์ฐธ๊ณ ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜์‹  ๋ถ„์€ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š” .
09:07
I personally did not know what ad stood for, so I googled it and it stands for Anno Domini.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด‘๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€๋ง์„ ํ•ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ Anno Domini๋ผ๋Š” ๊ด‘๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
Sorry if I pronounce that wrong.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป ๋ฐœ์Œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
This is a Latin phrase meaning in the year of the Lord which is used when referring to
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ˆ์ˆ˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋„๊ป˜์„œ ํƒ„์ƒํ•˜์‹  ๋‹ค์Œ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ฌ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์˜ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:24
a year after Jesus Christ was born.
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.
09:28
Now you may also be familiar with seeing a time reference BC BC.
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์ด์ œ BC BC ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
That means before Christ.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋„ ์ด์ „์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
So BC is before Christ and AD is basically after Christ was born, ultimately a very long
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ BC๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋„ ์ด์ „์ด๊ณ  AD๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋„๊ฐ€ ํƒ„์ƒํ•œ ์ดํ›„, ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜
09:45
time ago.
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์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋กœ๋งˆ์ œ๊ตญ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—
09:46
It is the place where gladiators fought during the time of the Roman Empire.
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๊ฒ€ํˆฌ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์‹ธ์› ๋˜ ๊ณณ์ด๋‹ค .
09:53
Notice this empire Pyre Empire.
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์ด ์ œ๊ตญ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. Pyre Empire.
09:57
Are you enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
09:59
If you are, then I want to tell you about the Finally fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•œ ์•„์นด๋ฐ๋ฏธ(Finally Fluent Academy)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
This is my premium training program where we study native English speakers from TV,
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TV,
10:10
the movies, YouTube and the news so you can improve your listening skills of fast English,
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์˜ํ™”, ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ, ๋‰ด์Šค ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ,
10:17
expand your vocabulary with natural expressions, and learn advanced grammar easily.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ตํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋‹ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
Plus you'll have me as your personal coach.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๋กœ ์‚ผ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€
10:26
You can look in the description for the link to learn more or you can go to my website
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๋งํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ด ์›น ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ
10:31
and click on Finally Fluent Academy.
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finally Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:33
Now let's continue with our lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
The Coliseum is huge.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค.
10:40
Remember before it was giant is giant.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:43
And what was the adjective that I taught you as well?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆํ•œํ…Œ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ญ์˜€์ง€ ?
10:48
The Coliseum is colossal.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
Colossal.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ. ๊ผญ
10:53
Not that you have to use that.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
So we have giant, huge, colossal.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
Those are all alternatives to very large.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
The Colosseum is huge.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค.
11:04
It could seat 50,000 people.
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50,000๋ช…์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
It covers around six acres of land and is 620 feet long, 512 feet wide and 158 feet
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์•ฝ 6์—์ด์ปค์˜ ๋•…์„ ๋ฎ๊ณ  ๊ธธ์ด 620ํ”ผํŠธ, ๋„ˆ๋น„ 512ํ”ผํŠธ, ๋†’์ด 158ํ”ผํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:21
tall.
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.
11:22
Notice how I read those numbers?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฝ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
11:24
620.
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620.
11:27
You don't have to say 620, you can simply say 625 hundred 12158 feet tall.
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620์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ 62512.158ํ”ผํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
It took more than 1.1 million tons.
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110๋งŒ ํ†ค ์ด์ƒ์ด ์†Œ์š”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
Notice here I see this mistake a lot.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
Notice the S is not on millions, it's on tons 1.1 million tons of concrete, stone and bricks
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S๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ํ†ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ 110๋งŒ ํ†ค์˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ, ๋Œ, ๋ฒฝ๋Œ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”
12:02
to complete the Coliseum.
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.
12:04
So here this is where you finally see Coliseum not at the beginning of a sentence.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
Because remember at theย  beginning the is capitalizedย 
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— the๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด the T๊ฐ€
12:13
simply because it starts the sentence the
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
T in the But here lowercase T But we still need a capital C because Coliseum is always
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” T๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Coliseum์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ
12:26
capitalized and you always need the article the but the does not need to be capitalized.
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๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž์ด๊ณ  ๊ด€์‚ฌ the๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•„์š” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ the๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์“ธ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž C๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:34
The Italian government is trying to figure out if there is any truth to reports that
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š”
12:43
rock is falling from the Coliseum.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์—์„œ ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ณด๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง„์‹ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
Remember, this goes back to the headline of our article, which was is the Coliseum crumbling?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:55
So we have the whole Coliseum and if it's crumbling, it means it's breaking into smaller
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋” ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์„œ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:02
pieces.
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.
13:03
Well, how is that done?
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋‚˜์š”?
13:05
It is when right here, rock or stone is falling from the Coliseum.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์—์„œ ๋ฐ”์œ„๋‚˜ ๋Œ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:13
So you could also say any truth to reports that the Coliseum is crumbling.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ง„์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:22
Now here trying to figure out, figure out.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
This is a very useful phrasal verb and you can think of it.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
Said another way, it would be to determine is trying to determine.
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๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
So trying to know if this is true.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์—์„œ ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ณด๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
13:40
Trying to figure out if there is any truth to reports that rock is falling from the Coliseum.
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์ง„์‹ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:46
Last week some visitors to the Coliseum said they saw some bits.
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ์— ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
A bit is just a very, very small piece.
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๋น„ํŠธ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
So if I saw a bit of stone, it is a very small amount of stone.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ์–‘์˜ ๋Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:05
And here it's plural.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
So they saw more than one.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‘˜ ์ด์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:10
They saw maybe 5 or 10 bits, small pieces of stone.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ 5~10๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ๋Œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
So last week some visitors to the Coliseum said they saw some bits of stone fall from
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ์— ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์—์„œ ๋Œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:23
it.
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.
14:24
An Italian environmental group says that exhaust fumes, exhaust fumes, Those are the fumes
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋‹จ์ฒด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šค, ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋“ฑ์ด
14:33
that are produced from a gas powered vehicle.
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๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ตฌ๋™ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
So you see the fumes coming out of the back of the vehicle.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ๋’ค์ชฝ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:43
They're the dark cloud behind some cars, so that would be the exhaust fumes and vibrations
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋‘์šด ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šค์™€ ์ง„๋™์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:52
from cars.
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.
14:53
I wrote down what exhaust is for you and a nearby subway.
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๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ ์–ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:59
So notice here a nearby subway.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์˜ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:03
Let's talk about nearby.
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๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
15:05
Nearby means that it's not far away.
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Nearby๋Š” ๋ฉ€์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
15:10
Nearby can function as an adjective or an adverb, depending on how it's used in the
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Nearby๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:17
sentence.
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.
15:18
Is the Coliseum nearby?
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
15:20
This could definitely be a question that I ask someone in Rome.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋กœ๋งˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:26
Maybe I'm trying to find the Coliseum and I don't know if I'm in the right place and
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๊ณ 
15:32
I can say, oh, excuse me, is the Coliseum nearby in this case?
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์•„, ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:36
Is it an adjective or an adverb?
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
15:39
It's an adverb.
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
An adverb because it modifies.
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์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
Is the Coliseum nearby?
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
15:47
It's modifying the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:48
Now how about this one?
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
15:49
Is there a cafe nearby?
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๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์นดํŽ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
15:51
This could be another question I asked someone in Rome.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋กœ๋งˆ์—์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:54
Maybe I finally find the Coliseum.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
15:57
I tour it and then I'm really hungry.
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ํˆฌ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํŒŒ์š”.
16:00
But I don't want to walk very far, so I can say, oh, is there a cafe nearby?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ ' ์•„, ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์นดํŽ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
16:05
What's this adjective or adverb?
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์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
16:08
It should be pretty easy.
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๊ฝค ์‰ฌ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:09
It's the exact same as the sentence above.
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์œ„์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
It even uses the same verb.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
So this is an adverb.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:17
How about this one?
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ?
16:18
We had lunch at a nearby cafe.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์นดํŽ˜์—์„œ ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์—
16:22
We had lunch at a nearby cafe so I could be at the Coliseum.
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๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์นดํŽ˜์—์„œ ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:25
Remember, I'm tired.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:27
I don't want to walk very far.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.
16:30
So I find a cafe nearby and then later I tell someone, oh, we had lunch at a nearby cafe.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์นดํŽ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ '์•„, ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์นดํŽ˜์—์„œ ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์š”.
16:37
Is this an adverb or adjective?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€?
16:40
In this case, it's an adjective because it describes the location of the noun, so in
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
16:48
this case nearby subway.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ  ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
It's an adjective, so you can use it as both the adverb, the adjective very commonly used
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„, ํ”ํžˆ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„,
16:55
and a nearby subway are.
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๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ๋กœ๋„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
Notice the verb are because we have multiple things.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:00
The exhaust fumes, the vibrations, and a nearby subway are causing damage to the Colosseum.
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๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€์Šค, ์ง„๋™, ์ธ๊ทผ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ์†์ƒ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:09
This is what the environmental group thinks is causing the falling rock.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋‹จ์ฒด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚™์„์˜ ์›์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:18
The director of the Coliseum.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์˜ ๊ด€์žฅ.
17:20
Again, the Coliseum has denied these reports.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
If you deny something, you you say no, that isn't true.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:32
That isn't accurate.
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์ •ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:34
That isn't correct.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:35
That's how you deny it.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
17:39
So the director of the Coliseum has denied these reports of falling stone, although she
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€ ๊ด€์žฅ์€ ๋Œ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ธํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
17:46
said that sometimes small stones.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋Œ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:49
Remember we could say bits of stone, but bits is very small.
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๋Œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์กฐ๊ฐ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:54
So if you just say small stone it sounds like larger and then a bit is just tiny.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž‘์€ ๋Œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์กฐ๊ธˆ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:00
Very small small stones have been known to fall from the ancient building due to rain,
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๋น„, ๋ฐ”๋žŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๋Œ๋“ค์ด ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:08
wind or birds.
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18:10
So due to this is the reason why you can also say because of because of rain, wind or birds.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋น„, ๋ฐ”๋žŒ, ์ƒˆ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:19
Due to rain, wind or birds, the outside of the Coliseum is made from travertine.
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๋น„, ๋ฐ”๋žŒ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋Š” ์„ํšŒํ™”๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:28
Travertine Tyne.
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์„ํšŒํ™” ํƒ€์ธ.
18:29
To be honest, I've never seen this word before.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:32
Perhaps if you were a builder or an architect this is common for you.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฑด์ถ•์—…์ž๋‚˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋ผ๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ํ”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:37
Is made from travertine, a type of limestone.
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์„ํšŒ์•”์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ธ ์„ํšŒํ™”๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:41
So notice how they even they put the definition of travertine Travertine because it is not
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์„ํšŒํ™” ์„ํšŒํ™”์˜ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
18:47
something that a native speaker would instantly know what it is.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:51
So they let me know.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์คฌ์–ด์š”.
18:52
Oh, it's a type of limestone.
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์•„, ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์„ํšŒ์•”์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
18:54
So now I understand what this is.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:56
If they didn't have a type of limestone, I would understand that it's some sort of building
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์„ํšŒ์•” ์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ์„ํšŒ์•”์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ• ์ž์žฌ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:02
material because they said the Colosseum is made from.
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19:06
So I understand the context, but I wouldn't know exactly what it is.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:11
The Colosseum is made from travertine, a type of limestone.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ์„ํšŒ์•”์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ธ ์„ํšŒํ™”๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:14
The interior is made from brick and tufa.
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๋‚ด๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฒฝ๋Œ๊ณผ ์„ํšŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:17
I have no idea what tufa is, but it's a fun word to say tufa, another variety of limestone.
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ํˆฌํŒŒ(tufa)๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์„ํšŒ์•”์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ’ˆ์ข…์ธ ํˆฌํŒŒ(tufa)๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋‹ค.
19:24
So again, notice they did the same thing.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
19:27
They know that I would not know what tufa is as a native speaker because it's not very
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ tufa๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ tufa๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:32
commonly used.
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19:33
But I do know what brick is.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฒฝ๋Œ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:35
So they don't define what brick is, but they define what tufa is and travertine because
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฒฝ๋Œ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์„ํšŒํ™”์™€ ์„ํšŒํ™”๋Š”
19:42
those are not common words.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:44
Another variety of limestone.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ํšŒ์•”.
19:47
So I just learned 2 new words from this article.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด 2๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:51
I learn new things and I also learned what AD was because although I knew what the expression
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ , AD๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”. ํ‘œํ˜„์˜
19:59
meant, I didn't know the actual name of it.
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๋œป์€ ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ช…์นญ์€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”. ์ „ํ˜€
20:03
I had no idea, No idea.
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๋ชฐ๋ž์–ด์š”, ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์–ด์š”.
20:06
All right.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
20:08
The tourist attraction, the Coliseum.
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๊ด€๊ด‘ ๋ช…์†Œ, ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€.
20:12
So you can describe something as a tourist attraction.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ด€๊ด‘ ๋ช…์†Œ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:17
It's where tourists go.
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๊ด€๊ด‘๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์—์š”.
20:20
Tourists are attracted to certain locations.
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๊ด€๊ด‘๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ • ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋งค๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:24
The tourist attraction is slated to get a $33 million facelift beginning in March.
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์ด ๊ด€๊ด‘ ๋ช…์†Œ๋Š” 3์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 3,300๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฐœ์กฐ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:35
Now face, of course, your face, right?
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์ด์ œ ์–ผ๊ตด์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋„ค ์–ผ๊ตด์ด์ง€?
20:39
So if I see facelift referring to a building, I know that work is going to be done on the
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฆฌํ”„ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ž‘์—…์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:49
exterior of the building.
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20:53
So you might say, oh, my house, my apartment, my condo, my home, Whatever style of home
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ '์•„, ๋‚ด ์ง‘, ๋‚ด ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ, ๋‚ด ์ฝ˜๋„, ๋‚ด ์ง‘'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ง‘ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„
21:00
you have, my house needs a facelift by saying that you're seeing something on the outside
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๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋“ , ๋‚ด ์ง‘์€ ์ง‘ ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ฐœ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:07
of your house needs to be repaired.
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.
21:11
Maybe it's the paint, maybe it's the brick, the stone, the tufa.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ํŽ˜์ธํŠธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ฒฝ๋Œ, ๋Œ, ์„ํšŒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:17
Maybe it's the gutters.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:19
But something on the outside, It isn't on the inside, it's the outside.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:25
That would be a facelift.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค ๋ฆฌํ”„ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:29
So something on.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:30
They're spending money on the outside of the Coliseum, beginning in March.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 3์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€ ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
21:36
Now, when something is slated, Let's talk about this.
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์ด์ œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์˜ˆ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
21:40
The sentence structure here is to be slated.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:43
Now we have to do something.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:48
So the infinitive to and then your verb or something can be slated for, and this simply
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ to์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ˆ์ •๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ
21:55
means expected to happen or plan to happen.
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์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:00
So the Coliseum getting a $33 million facelift in March is planned.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ 3์›”์— 3,300๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ฌ ๊ฐœ์กฐ๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:07
It's expected to happen.
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์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:10
So we can say it's slated.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ˆ์ •๋๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
22:12
It is slated.
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์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:15
Now if you have a specific date, you can say whatever The thing is, the tour is slated
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์ด์ œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋‚ ์งœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ํˆฌ์–ด๊ฐ€
22:24
for Wednesday, okay for Wednesday, for next March, for next year.
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์ˆ˜์š”์ผ, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ, ๋‚ด๋…„ 3 ์›”, ๋‚ด๋…„์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:32
But if you have a verb, you use 2 two base verbs, So the infinitive to be slated infinitive
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ 2๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ to be slated ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ
22:41
or to be slated for, and then a specific date.
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๋˜๋Š” to be slated for์™€ ํŠน์ • ๋‚ ์งœ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:46
The Coliseum represents the power, brilliance, and brutality of the Roman Empire.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ๋กœ๋งˆ ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ํž˜, ๊ด‘์ฑ„, ์ž”์ธํ•จ์„ ์ƒ์ง•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:55
That's a very powerful statement.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ง„์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:57
I like this three things,ย  The power, the brilliance.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํž˜, ๊ด‘์ฑ„.
23:00
Brilliance, of course, is extremely smart, showing high intellect, brilliance, and brutality.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ธŒ๋ฆด๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค๋Š” ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด์„œ ๋†’์€ ์ง€์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด‘์ฑ„, ์ž”์ธํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค.
23:09
Brutality is related to cruelty, punishment, death, which I'm sure you are well aware is
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์ž”์ธํ•จ์€ ์ž”์ธํ•จ, ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ, ์ฃฝ์Œ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
23:19
what took place at the Coliseum.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:21
So the Coliseum represents the power, brilliance and brutality of the Roman Empire.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ๋กœ๋งˆ ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ํž˜, ๊ด‘์ฑ„, ์ž”์ธํ•จ์„ ์ƒ์ง•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:28
The sheer size of the Coliseum is architectural.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:32
Design and its function are still marvels to behold.
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๋””์ž์ธ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:37
Today, let's take a look at sheer.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์‰ฌ์–ด(Sheer)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:40
The sheer size of the Coliseum sheer has no meaning on its own.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์˜ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์—
23:46
It is only there to emphasize whatever comes next.
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์˜ค๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
23:51
So I could say the sheer power of the Roman Empire.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋กœ๋งˆ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ง‰๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํž˜์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
23:56
I'm making power sound a lot stronger.
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ํŒŒ์›Œ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
23:59
The sheer brilliance of the gladiators, I'm emphasizing the brilliance, the sheer brutality
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๊ฒ€ํˆฌ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ˆœ์ „ํ•œ ๊ด‘์ฑ„, ์ €๋Š” ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์˜ ์ˆœ์ „ํ•œ ์ž”์ธํ•จ๊ณผ ๊ด‘์ฑ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:09
of the Coliseum.
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.
24:10
I'm emphasizing the brutality.
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์ž”์ธํ•จ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ
24:12
It has no meaning on its own.
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์ž์ฒด๋กœ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:14
The sheer size of the Coliseum is architectural.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:19
Design and its function are still Marvel's to behold.
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๋””์ž์ธ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹๋งˆ๋ธ”์˜ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:23
Today, let's talk about marvels.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:26
This is a noun, and it's plural because they're talking about the size, the architectural
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ๋ฐ, ํฌ๊ธฐ, ๊ฑด์ถ•์ 
24:32
design, and the function.
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๋””์ž์ธ, ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:34
So there are three separate things, and these are the marvels.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ณ„๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:39
Now, the marvels or a marvel is simply something to admire.
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์ด์ œ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์›€์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์›€์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ฐํƒ„ํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:45
So we could say the the sheer size, the design and its functions, its function are something
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ํฌ๊ธฐ, ๋””์ž์ธ, ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด
24:54
to admire.
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๊ฐํƒ„ํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:55
Or are things because there are more than one are things to admire are marvels.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐํƒ„ํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
25:02
So you can summarize that with just one word.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋”ฑ ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์š”์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
25:04
Are still Marvel's to behold today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งˆ๋ธ”์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:08
When you behold something, it simply means you look at it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
25:13
So that's it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:14
To behold means to look at, to view, to, to see, to observe.
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๋ณธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณด๋‹ค, ๋ณด๋‹ค, ๋ณด๋‹ค, ๋ณด๋‹ค , ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:20
So it has to be with your site.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:22
And of course that's what people do.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:25
They go to the Coliseum and they look at it, they observe it, they take pictures of it.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ , ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:31
So that's why they used to behold, because it means with your eyes.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด๊ณค ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:38
However, what took place on stage, so on stage, meaning at the Coliseum, it was considered
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฌด๋Œ€์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์€ ๋ฌด๋Œ€, ์ฆ‰ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”
25:46
a stage, right, because it's a theater, people were sitting all around, and then the floor
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๋ฌด๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋์ฃ . ๊ทน์žฅ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
25:52
of the Coliseum was the stage.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์ด ๋ฌด๋Œ€์˜€์ฃ . ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
25:54
What took place on stage with the systematic killing of hundreds of thousands of animals
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์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํ•ด๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฌด๋Œ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
26:01
and people?
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?
26:03
This is the brutality, right?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ž”์ธํ•จ์ด์ฃ ?
26:06
The brutality.
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์ž”์ธ ํ•จ.
26:09
Hundreds of thousands of animals and people bears a grim reminder.
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•”์šธํ•œ ๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:14
Let's talk about bears.
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๊ณฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
26:17
A grim reminder.
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์•”์šธํ•œ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:18
If it bears a reminder, it means it represents that reminder.
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์•Œ๋ฆผ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ด๋‹น ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:23
It holds it, it keeps it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:26
And grim.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•”์šธํ•˜๋‹ค.
26:27
Grim is unpleasant.
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Grim์€ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:30
So when you look at the Coliseum as a tourist, you see, wow, this is an amazing architecture
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ด€๊ด‘๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์™€, ์ด๊ฑด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ
26:37
design.
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๋””์ž์ธ์ด๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:38
But there's also a lot of brutality in that, and that is the grim reminder, and it reminds
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์—๋Š” ์ž”์ธํ•จ๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‹ด๊ฒจ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•”์šธํ•œ ๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ 
26:46
you of something unpleasant.
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๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ์ผ์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋กœ๋งˆ ๊ธฐ์งˆ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ธ
26:48
Bears a grim reminder of the violence and cruelty that is core to the history of the
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ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ž”์ธ์„ฑ์„ ์•”์šธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
26:55
Coliseum and the Roman temper.
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.
26:59
If something is core to something, so to be core to something else means it is the most
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ
27:09
important part.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:10
It you can't separate it, so you can't separate the violence and cruelty from the Roman Empire.
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๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋“ฏ์ด ๋กœ๋งˆ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ž”์ธํ•จ๋„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:19
It was the important part.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:23
It represented the Roman Empire.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋กœ๋งˆ์ œ๊ตญ์„ ์ƒ์ง•ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:26
It's the core to the history of the Coliseum and the Roman Empire and that's the end of
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€ ๊ณผ ๋กœ๋งˆ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ด๋‹ค
27:36
the article.
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27:36
So unfortunately we're ending on a very negative note here remind remembering the the cruelty
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ž”์ธํ•จ
27:45
and brutality but that's history right.
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๊ณผ ์ž”์ธํ•จ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:49
And all we can do is learn from those lessons and try to improve.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๊ทธ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:54
And when I go to the Coliseum, I will bear these as a grim reminder, but I'll also admire
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์— ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•”์šธํ•œ ๊ธฐ์–ต์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์‹œ์—
28:02
the Coliseum for the architecture and the beauty that it represents at the same time.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ• ์–‘์‹๊ณผ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€์— ๊ฐํƒ„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:08
So a little bit of a a contrast there, I'll say.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:13
So now what I'll do is I'll go to the top of the article and I'll read it from start
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋งจ ์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ
28:19
to finish.
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๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:20
And this time you can focus on my pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
28:22
Is the Coliseum crumbling?
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
28:25
The Coliseum is a giant amphitheater in the center of Rome, Italy.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€(Coliseum)์€ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋กœ๋งˆ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์›ํ˜• ๊ทน์žฅ์ด๋‹ค .
28:30
It is one of the world's most iconic sites and one of the new 7 Wonders of the World.
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด์ž ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ธ๊ณ„ 7๋Œ€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:35
The Coliseum is the largest ancient amphitheater ever built.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฑด์„ค๋œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์›ํ˜• ๊ทน์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:40
It was completed over 2 millennia ago in a D80.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ 2000๋…„ ์ „์— D80์—์„œ ์™„์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋กœ๋งˆ์ œ๊ตญ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—
28:44
It is the place where gladiators fought during the time of the Roman Empire.
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๊ฒ€ํˆฌ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์‹ธ์› ๋˜ ๊ณณ์ด๋‹ค .
28:49
The Coliseum is huge.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค.
28:51
It could see 50,000 people.
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50,000๋ช…์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:54
It covers around six acres of land and is 620 feet long, 512 feet wide, and 158 feet
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์•ฝ 6์—์ด์ปค์˜ ๋•…์„ ๋ฎ๊ณ  ๊ธธ์ด 620ํ”ผํŠธ, ๋„ˆ๋น„ 512ํ”ผํŠธ, ๋†’์ด 158ํ”ผํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
29:02
tall.
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. ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š”
29:03
It took more than 1.1 million tons of concrete, stone and bricks to complete the Coliseum.
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110๋งŒ ํ†ค ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ, ๋Œ, ๋ฒฝ๋Œ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:10
The Italian government is trying to figure out if there is any truth to reports that
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š”
29:15
rock is falling from the Coliseum.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์—์„œ ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ณด๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง„์‹ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:17
Last week, some visitors to the Coliseum said they saw some bits of stone fall from it.
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ์ฐพ์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์—์„œ ๋Œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:23
An Italian environmental group says that exhaust fumes and vibrations from cars and a nearby
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋‹จ์ฒด๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ์™€ ์ธ๊ทผ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋งค์—ฐ๊ณผ ์ง„๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
29:29
subway are causing damage to the Coliseum.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค.
29:33
The director of the Coliseum has denied these reports of falling stone, although she said
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€ ๊ด€์žฅ์€ ๋Œ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ธํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
29:39
that sometimes small stones have been known to fall from the ancient building due to rain,
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋น„, ๋ฐ”๋žŒ, ์ƒˆ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์ž‘์€ ๋Œ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
29:45
wind or birds.
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.
29:47
The outside of the Coliseumย  is made from travertine,ย 
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋Š” ์„ํšŒ์•”์˜
29:50
a type of limestone.
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์ผ์ข…์ธ ์„ํšŒํ™”๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:52
The interior is made from brick and tufa, another variety of limestone.
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๋‚ด๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฒฝ๋Œ๊ณผ ์„ํšŒ์•”์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ธ ์„ํšŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:57
The tourist attraction is slated to get a $33 million facelift beginning in March.
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์ด ๊ด€๊ด‘ ๋ช…์†Œ๋Š” 3์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 3,300๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฐœ์กฐ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:04
The Coliseum represents the power, brilliance and brutality of the Roman Empire.
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์€ ๋กœ๋งˆ ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ํž˜, ๊ด‘์ฑ„, ์ž”์ธํ•จ์„ ์ƒ์ง•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:09
The sheer size of the Coliseum is architectural design and its function are still marvels
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์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์˜ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™์  ๋””์ž์ธ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€
30:16
to behold today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:17
However, what took place on stage with the systematic killing of hundreds of thousands
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜
30:23
of animals and people bears a grim reminder of the violence and cruelty that is core to
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๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํ•ด๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฌด๋Œ€์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์€ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€๊ณผ ๋กœ๋งˆ ์ œ๊ตญ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ธ ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ž”์ธ์„ฑ์„ ์•”์šธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
30:30
the history of the Coliseum and the Roman Empire.
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.
30:33
Did you like this lesson?
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
30:35
If you did and you want me to make more lessons just like this, then put have a great trip
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„ธ์š”๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
30:41
in the comments.
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30:42
Put that because I'm going to be reading this as I'm flying to Italy to see the Colosseum.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฝœ๋กœ์„ธ์›€์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋กœ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์ฝ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
30:50
So put have a great trip in the comments and of course, make sure you like this video,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” . ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ์˜์ƒ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ 
30:55
share it with your friends and subscribe.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
30:58
And you can get this free speaking guide where I share 6 tips on how to speak English fluently
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
31:03
and confidently.
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.
31:04
You can click here to download it or look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
31:07
And if you want to keep improving your vocabulary, I recommend this lesson right now.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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