Improve Your English Fluency FAST | Reading and Listening Method

25,552 views ใƒป 2025-01-06

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Today, you're going toย  learn English with the news.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:03
We're going to read a news article together.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:06
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
Of course, I'm Jennifer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ , ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:09
Now let's get started.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
Our headline scientists may haveย  solved mystery behind Egypt's pyramids.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
Now, there is one article missing in thisย  headline that's required grammatically.
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์ด์ œ, ์ด ์ œ๋ชฉ์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ด€์‚ฌ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
Do you know where that article should go?
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””์— ์˜ฌ๋ ค์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:28
Scientists may have solved the mystery.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
The mystery, because mystery is a noun,ย ย 
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๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ, ์ฆ‰
00:35
a singular, countable noun,ย  so it requires an article.
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๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ด€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
The because it's a specificย  mystery, all would be any mystery.
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
Now notice here Egypt's pyramids.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:48
Pyramids is a noun, it's inย  plural, so the article is optional.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ ํƒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
But here we have a possessiveย  possessives replace articles.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
Remember though that adjectivesย  do not replace articles.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:05
So here if you said Egyptian,ย  Egyptian is an adjective.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์ธ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
Egypt is the noun and addingย  the's makes it a possessive noun.
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์ด์ง‘ํŠธ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ , the's๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
Egypt's pyramids.
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์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ.
01:18
The pyramids belong to Egypt, but Egyptianย  is an adjective Egyptian pyramids.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š” ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์— ์†ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ๋Š” ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
So in this case the is required theย  pyramids specific the Egyptian pyramids.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ, ํŠนํžˆ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
Notice another very important word, may.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ 'ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค'์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:38
This is important because Mayย  is a modal verb of possibility.
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์ด๋Š” May๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
So when they say Egyptians may haveย  solved, this is just one possibility.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
Another possibility is that they have not solved.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์•„์ง ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
So this is not conclusive, it's notย  a fact, it's just a possibility.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ฑด ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์ € ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
So if I ask you to subscribe toย  my channel and you say Jennifer,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ , ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ,
02:06
I may subscribe, this isn't the best news.
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๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๊ฑด ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
It's not the worst news,ย  but it's not the best news.
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์ตœ์•…์˜ ์†Œ์‹์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์†Œ์‹๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
If you say I will subscribe, then that'sย  good news because will is a commitment.
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๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜์ง€๋Š” ์•ฝ์†์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด
02:20
You use this to say I commit, I promise.
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ํ‘œํ˜„์€ 'ํ—Œ์‹ ํ•œ๋‹ค, ์•ฝ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
02:24
So if you want to show your support to me inย  my channel because you enjoy these lessons,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์„œ ์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ์‘์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด , ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— '
02:29
put that's right, that's right,ย  put that's right in the comments.
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๋งž์•„์š”, ๋งž์•„์š”, ๋งž์•„์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
02:34
And don't worry about taking these notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋…ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฑ™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์—… PDF๋กœ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
Now let's continue and learn about this mystery.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ด ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
Scientists believe they mayย  have solved the mystery.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
Ah, notice the mystery, because nowย  we're in the body of the article,ย ย 
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์•„, ์‹ ๋น„๋กœ์›€์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ณธ๋ฌธ์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:55
so all the grammar requirements like articles,ย ย 
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๊ด€์‚ฌ, ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด
02:59
auxiliary verbs are required, whereasย  in the headline they can be omitted.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ œ๋ชฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
They may have solved the potential becauseย  of this modal of potential may have solvedย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ ๋ชจ๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ž ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ
03:10
the mystery of how 31 pyramids includingย  the world famous Giza complex were built.
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ํฌํ•จํ•œ 31๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€์–ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
Notice this.
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์ด ์ ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:21
We have were, but then we have the world famousย  Giza complex, which is just one the complex.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ž ๋‹จ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
So why is it were?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฐ€์š”?
03:32
Well, remember that is actuallyย  being conjugated with pyramids.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:37
This is the subject of the sentence that the verbย  is being conjugated with the pyramids were built.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
This additional information.
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด.
03:46
Notice that it's between commas.
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์‰ผํ‘œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:49
It means it can be removed from the sentence,ย  and the sentence is still grammatically correct.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ด ๋„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ณ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
So this part is not the subject of the sentence.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
It's pyramids.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ
04:00
31 pyramids were built inย  Egypt more than 4000 years ago.
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์—์„œ๋Š” 4000๋…„ ์ „์— 31๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:07
Let's review these two sentences.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
I solved the problem.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
What verb tense is this?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:13
Very simple, right?
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ฃ ?
04:14
I solved the problem.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
This is the past simple.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
It's a completed past action.
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์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋™์ž‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
Because you use the pastย  simple, it sounds like a fact.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
There is no doubt about this.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์—๋Š” ์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
I solved the problem.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
This happened.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
It's a fact.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”.
04:32
But if you say I may this is our modal verb,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'I may'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ ,
04:36
and then notice we have this perfectย  construction, I may have solved the problem.
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์™„๋ฃŒ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ , ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
This is the possibility of a past action.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
I may have solved the problem.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
I may have passed the exam, For example,ย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹œํ—˜์— ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
04:54
if you want to show some doubt,ย  maybe I did, maybe I didn't.
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์˜์‹ฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์•„๋งˆ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
So this is a great construction to practiceย  and to compare against the past simple,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
which sounds like a fact ourย  research team has discovered.
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ๋„ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
Now notice team is our collective noun.
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์ด์ œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ํŒ€์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
So a team is made-up of many individuals,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŒ€์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ
05:17
but is conjugated as third personย  singular in American English.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” 3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
A research team, a research group for example,ย  has discovered has discovered what verb tenses is.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€, ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
Is the present perfect?
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์€? ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”
05:32
It's a completed pass actionย  with the result in the present.
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์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ํŒจ์Šค ๋™์ž‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:35
The result in the present is now youย  know how the pyramids were built.
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ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€์–ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
Maybe, maybe because may haveย  a research team has discoveredย ย 
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์•„๋งˆ๋„, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์ด
05:46
that the pyramids the pyramidsย  because they're specific pyramids.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
If you were talking about pyramids inย  general, you don't need an article.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด , ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•„์š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
You could say pyramids are beautiful.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:59
This is pyramids in general,ย  any pyramid in the world.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ, ์ฆ‰ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
Pyramids in general are beautiful.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
The pyramids in Egypt, theย  Egyptian pyramids are beautiful.
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์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ, ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
So in that case you use the articleย  because it's specific pyramids.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํŠน์ • ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:17
Remember that a possessiveย  noun replaces an article.
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์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:20
So in this last one, Egypt's pyramids you don'tย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—์„œ, ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š”
06:24
need an article are beautiful that theย  pyramids are likely to have been built.
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š” ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›Œ์„œ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
Another word of possibility likely toย  have been built Again, this means thatย ย 
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด,
06:38
this is just a maybe, but likely soundsย  like 80%, whereas maybe is more 5050.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ '์•„๋งˆ๋„'์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€๋งŒ 80%์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด '์•„๋งˆ๋„'๋Š” 5050 ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
I'll likely go to the party is 80%ย  maybe I'll go I may go is more 5050.
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ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๊ฐˆ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด 80% ๋ผ๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋ง์€ 5050๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ๋‹ค.
06:59
So the pyramids are likely to have been builtย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ผ๊ฐ•์˜
07:03
along a long lost ancientย  branch of the Nile River.
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์˜ค๋ž˜์ „์— ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง„ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ง€๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค.
07:09
Are you enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
07:11
If you are, then I want to tell youย  about the finally fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์œ ์ฐฝํ•ด์ง„ ์•„์นด๋ฐ๋ฏธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
This is my premium training program whereย  we study native English speakers from TV,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ TV,
07:23
movie, YouTube, and the news.
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์˜ํ™”, YouTube, ๋‰ด์Šค์—์„œ ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
So you can improve your listeningย  skills of fast English, expand yourย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ์ฒญ์ทจ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ,
07:30
vocabulary with natural expressions,ย  and learn advanced grammar easily.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  , ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
Plus, you'll have me as your personal coach.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด
07:39
You can look in the descriptionย  for the link to learn more,ย ย 
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:41
or you can go to my website andย  click on Finally Fluent Academy.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ Finally Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:46
Now, let's continue withย  our lesson for many years.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ค๋žœ ์„ธ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
07:50
Archaeologists.
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๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž.
07:51
Repeat after me Archaeologists,ย  E all eologist archaeologists,ย ย 
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๋‚˜์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜์„ธ์š” ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒํƒœํ•™์ž ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž
08:00
archaeologists, archaeologists have thought.
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๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
Notice again our present perfectย  because if it's for many years,ย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:08
it means it's started in theย  past and continues until now.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์–ด ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
For many years, archaeologists have thoughtย  that ancient Egyptians must have used a nearbyย ย 
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์˜ค๋žœ ์„ธ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์ธ๋“ค์ด
08:21
waterway to transport materials such as the stoneย  blocks needed to build the pyramids on the river.
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๊ฐ• ์œ„์— ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ง“๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋Œ ๋ธ”๋ก ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ž์žฌ๋ฅผ ์šด๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ธ๊ทผ ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
We have another model of possibilityย  in the perfect construction.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์„œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:34
Must have used.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
Must have used.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
This is still a possibility.
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์•„์ง ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
So it is not a fact, it's a possibility,ย  but it's a strong degree of possibility.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
Maybe 85, ninety, 95% possible.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด 85, 90, 95% ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”.
08:52
Let's look at a realistic example.
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ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
Maybe I could say to you, youย  must have passed the test.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹œํ—˜์— ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
You studied for months.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
So I'm saying there's a strongย  possibility, eighty, 9095%,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด 80%, 9095%์˜ ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
09:05
because you studied for months now I couldย  use May, you may have passed the test.
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๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ 5์›”์ด๋ฉด ์‹œํ—˜์— ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
09:12
If I use May, it's less likely, maybe 5050.
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5์›”์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์งˆ ํ…๋ฐ, ์•„๋งˆ 5050์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
So I would probably change my next part.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
09:19
You studied a fair amount because in this caseย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
09:23
there's an equal possibilityย  that you'll fail the test.
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์‹œํ—˜์— ๋–จ์–ด์งˆ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
So this is again a usefulย  construction to practice.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
Up until now, nobody was certain of the location,ย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋กœ์˜ ์œ„์น˜,
09:37
the shape, the size or proximity of thisย  mega waterway to the actual pyramids site.
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๋ชจ์–‘, ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ ๋ถ€์ง€์™€์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
Let's look at this time reference up until now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์  ์ฐธ๊ณ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
Perhaps you're more familiarย  with simply until now.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋” ์ต์ˆ™ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:51
If you're not, don't worry.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
09:52
It simply means from the past toย  this moment in time up until now.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
Adding this word up is the exact same thing.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
It does not change the meaning.
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์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
It sounds a little more conversational, a littleย  more informal, but the meaning is the same.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋Œ€ํ™”์ฒด์ ์ด๊ณ , ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
So you can say up until now,ย  I've been using my old laptop.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ์„ ์จ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
10:20
So this is from the past until thisย  time that I'm saying these words.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
Up until now, you could say until now, I didn'tย  realize how much faster newer models are.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋น ๋ฅธ์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
Again, this entire past period.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด์„œ, ์ง€๋‚œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ „์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
And it extends to the moment I'm saying theseย  words again, they're the same time reference.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ง์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
There's no difference in meaning.
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์˜๋ฏธ์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
This one is slightly more conversational.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ข€ ๋” ๋Œ€ํ™”์ฒด์— ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
Let's continue in a cross continental effort.
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๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ๋„˜๋‚˜๋“œ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:54
Cross continental means it spans continent,ย  so it goes from one continent to another.
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๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
Here there's a lot with cross country,ย  cross city, cross neighborhoods.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„, ๋„์‹œ ๊ฐ„, ์ง€์—ญ ๊ฐ„์„ ๋„˜๋‚˜๋“œ๋Š” ์—ฌํ–‰์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ๋„˜๋‚˜๋“œ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ
11:06
You can have any geographical areaย  in a cross continental effort.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ง€๋ฆฌ์  ์˜์—ญ์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:12
Now notice here cross continental functions asย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™ ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:15
an adjective because you have in anย  effort and then what type of effort?
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
11:21
So this gives you more information about the noun.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
And then you always modify your articleย  with what's directly in front of it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
So if you didn't have this word, it wouldย  be an effort because this is a vowel sound.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:35
But now your article matches with the adjective.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์€
11:39
In a cross continental effort,ย  the group of researchers usedย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ๋„˜๋‚˜๋“œ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ
11:44
radar satellite imagery to map the riverย  branch, which they believe was buried.
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๋ ˆ์ด๋” ์œ„์„ฑ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๊ฐ• ์ง€๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ง€๋„ํ™”ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ , ์ด ๊ฐ• ์ง€๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌปํ˜€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
Notice this pronunciation.
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์ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:54
Don't look at the spelling becauseย  it doesn't have this sound.
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์ฒ ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” . ์ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
11:58
It's the same as strawberry Berry airyย  buried and then you just add AD at the end.
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์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ ์—์–ด๋ฆฌ ๋ฌปํžŒ๊ฑฐ๋ž‘ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— AD๋งŒ ๋ถ™์ด๋ฉด ๋ผ์š”.
12:07
Buried, buried was buried byย  a major Oh, what about this?
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๋ฌปํ˜”๋‹ค, ๋ฌปํ˜”๋‹ค ์ฃผ์š” ์ธ๋ฌผ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฌปํ˜”๋‹ค ์˜ค, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์•ผ?
12:14
How do you pronounce this?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
12:15
Say it drought out out.
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๊ฐ€๋ญ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:18
So leave out out.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ œ์™ธ์‹œํ‚ค์„ธ์š”.
12:22
It's that sound out.
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๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ฃ .
12:24
And then with a drew drew drought, drought.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋“œ๋กœ์šฐ ๋“œ๋กœ์šฐ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„, ๊ฐ€๋ญ„.
12:28
And of course a drought is aย  long period of no water, no rain,ย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์ด๋ž€ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ฌผ์ด ์—†๊ณ , ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
12:33
drought and sandstorms thousands of years ago.
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๊ฐ€๋ญ„๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ํญํ’์ด ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
Believe is another word that suggestsย  this isn't fact, it's possibility.
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๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ž„์„ ์•”์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
They believe they think was buried by aย  major drought, but they don't know for sure.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฌปํ˜”์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์•Œ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
Otherwise the wording would be different.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
They could say which they knowย  which they are certain was buried.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋ฌปํžŒ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:00
So the word choice you use is importantย  because it conveys a lot of information.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์„ ํƒ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
It shares a lot of information.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์ฃ .
13:07
So in this case, we knowย  this is just a possibility,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ฉฐ,
13:10
is not presented as fact at this point.
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋กœ์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
The team was able to penetrate theย  sand surface and produce images ofย ย 
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์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์€
13:22
hidden features by using the radar technology.
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๋ ˆ์ด๋” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๊ด€ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ํŠน์ง•์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
Remember that team is a collectiveย ย 
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13:29
noun in American English, so it'sย  conjugated as third person singular.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” 'ํŒ€'์ด ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
The team was able.
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ํŒ€์€ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
You could also say the researchers,ย  which is clearly plural.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
You have the S here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— S๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
The researchers in this case,ย  it's they they were able.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
What if, what if I said the team of researchers,ย ย 
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๋งŒ์•ฝ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž ํŒ€,
13:51
the team of researchers in thisย  case, do you need was or were?
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž ํŒ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด was๋‚˜ were์ด ํ•„์š”ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
13:58
What do you think was or were?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:00
Put your answer in theย  comments or say it out loud.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํฐ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:02
Now the answer is the team of researchers.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ต์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
What do you think team of researchers was?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
14:11
Because it's the team that the verb isย  being conjugated with, not of researchers.
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๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ํŒ€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:17
This is additional information.
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
It's the team.
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ํŒ€์ด์—์š”.
14:20
The team was.
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ํŒ€์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:21
The team of researchers was ableย  to penetrate the sand surface andย ย 
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์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์€ ๋ ˆ์ด๋” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๊ด€ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ
14:28
produce images of hidden featuresย  by using the radar technology.
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์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ํŠน์ง•์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:33
Let's continue among those features.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค ์ค‘ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
So remember these hidden featuresย  that they were able to produceย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:42
Among those features were ah, how do you say this?
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๊ทธ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค ์ค‘์—๋Š” ์•„, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
14:46
Say it out loud.
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ํฐ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:48
Were buried like a strawberry.
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๋”ธ๊ธฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฌปํ˜”๋‹ค.
14:52
Buried rivers Among thoseย  features were buried rivers.
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๋ฌปํžŒ ๊ฐ• ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง€ํ˜• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌปํžŒ ๊ฐ•์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:57
So rivers that were below the surface, buriedย  rivers and ancient structures running at theย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ฐ•, ๋ฌปํžŒ ๊ฐ•, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
15:05
foothills of where the vast majorityย  of the ancient Egyptian pyramids lie.
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฐ๊ธฐ์Šญ์„ ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:12
So this is under the surfaceย  of of the current pyramids,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ,
15:17
which are of course visible above the surface.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์œ„์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
The waterway could have been used forย  the transportation of heavier blocks,ย ย 
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์ด ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ๋” ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ๋ธ”๋ก,
15:27
equipment and people.
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์žฅ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์šด์†กํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:28
So this is the waterway they found buriedย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌปํ˜€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
15:32
underneath and they used thisย  radar technology to produce.
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, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋ ˆ์ด๋” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:37
But again, we have these words of possibilityย  could have been used, could have been used.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„, ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:45
Now, the use of all of the past is becauseย  of course this takes place in the past.
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์ด์ œ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ์ผ์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
That's why everything is expressed in the past.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
And then they're usingย  models, a possibility becauseย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ , ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:59
of course they're not saying theyย  know the mystery of the pyramids.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ์‹ ๋น„๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:03
They have a theory, they have some information.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ก ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ •๋ณด๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:06
It's not fact at this point.
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์ด ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:08
It's possibility.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:09
Could in terms of possibility isย  used to say there's one possibility,ย ย 
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ Could๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:14
this is one possibility,ย  but there are other options.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ต์…˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
So it sounds like a lower level ofย  possibility compared to May whichย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 5์›”์€
16:24
was medium and then must which was the highest.
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์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:28
The discovery of this extinct river branchย  helps explain the high pyramid density.
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์ด ๋ฉธ์ข…๋œ ๊ฐ• ์ง€๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์€ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
So the high pyramid density means theย  high number of pyramids in a certain area,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์— ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ ,
16:43
and the area is between Giza and Gist.
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ๊ธฐ์ž์™€ ์ง€์ŠคํŠธ ์‚ฌ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
I'm not sure how to say this.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
16:48
I'll call it Gist.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์ŠคํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:50
I don't know where this is.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
16:52
And generally they provide informationย  when it's not common knowledge.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ผ๋„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
Perhaps you know what Gist is.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ Gist๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:59
I don't.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
17:00
So thankfully they tell us.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณ ๋ง™๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์ฃ .
17:02
It's the site of Middle Kingdom.
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ์ค‘์™•๊ตญ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์œ ์ ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
Oh, how do you say this?
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์•„, ์ด๊ฑธ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ?
17:09
Burials.
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๋งค์žฅ.
17:10
Burials.
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๋งค์žฅ.
17:12
So a burial is with deceasedย  people part of the funeral process.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์žฅ๋ก€์‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋งํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฅ๋ก€ ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:19
Burial, burial, bury, burial.
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๋งค์žฅ, ๋งค์žฅ, ๋งค์žฅ, ๋งค์žฅ.
17:24
So apparently Gist is the site whereย  deceased people in the Middle Kingdomย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ์ค‘์™•๊ตญ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์ฃฝ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„
17:31
were placed underground, were buried in what isย  now an inhospitable area of the Saharan desert.
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์ง€ํ•˜์— ๋ฌป๊ณ , ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์˜ ํ™ฉ๋ฌด์ง€์— ๋ฌป์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ณณ์ธ ๋“ฏํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:39
In this context, inhospitable.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ณณ์ด๋‹ค.
17:42
Repeat after me.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
17:43
Inhospitable, Hospitable.
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ํ™˜๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ, ํ™˜๋Œ€ํ•จ.
17:47
Inhospitable means notย  suitable for humans to live in.
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๋ถˆ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‚ด๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:52
So the conditions are notย  suitable for humans to live in.
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์ฆ‰, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‚ด๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:57
This has a different meaningย  in the context of guests.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์†๋‹˜์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:02
So visitors to your home, if you areย  inhospitable, it means you're not welcoming,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง‘์— ์†๋‹˜์ด ์™”์„ ๋•Œ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ™˜๋Œ€์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ™˜์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
18:09
you're not friendly, you're not generous,ย  you're not warm to visitors in your home.
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์นœ์ ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์ง‘์— ์†๋‹˜์ด ์™”์„ ๋•Œ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:16
So we only use this with visitors in your home.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ง‘์— ์†๋‹˜์ด ์™”์„ ๋•Œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:20
So for example, if I don't cook dinner,ย  your family will think I'm inhospitable.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋…์„ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹  ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:26
So it's used as an adjective to describe me notย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์ง‘์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™˜์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:30
being generous or welcomingย  to the visitors in my home.
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.
18:35
So you don't want to beย  inhospitable most of the time.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:39
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:41
The river branches proximityย  to the pyramid complexes.
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๊ฐ• ์ง€๋ฅ˜๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:46
So here, proximity means how close it is.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทผ์ ‘์„ฑ์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด์ง€๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:51
So it's saying that the river branch is beingย  close to the complex of the pyramids suggestsย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ• ์ง€๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค ๋‹จ๊ณ„
18:59
that it was active and operational duringย  the construction phase of these pyramids.
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๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ• ์ง€๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์šด์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:06
And this is the evidence they have to suggestย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
19:10
that they've solved the mysteryย  of how the pyramids were built.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€์–ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ’€์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:14
But again, they don't have concrete evidence,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ
19:18
so they can't present it as facts, which isย  why we saw all the models of possibility.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:25
And that's the end of the article.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:26
So what I'll do now is I'llย  read the article from startย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
19:29
to finish and you can focus on my pronunciation.
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๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:33
Scientists may have solved mysteryย  behind Egypt's pyramids Scientistsย ย 
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ’€์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
19:39
believe they may have solvedย  the mystery of how 31 pyramids,ย ย 
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19:43
including the world famous Giza complex,ย  were built in Egypt more than 4000 years ago.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ž ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ 4000๋…„ ์ „ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์—์„œ ์ง€์–ด์ง„ 31๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ’€์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:49
A research team has discoveredย  that the pyramids are likely toย ย 
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ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์€ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€
19:53
have been built along a long lostย  ancient branch of the Nile River.
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์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ๋˜ ๋‚˜์ผ๊ฐ•์˜ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ง€๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:59
For many years, archaeologists have thoughtย  that ancient Egyptians must have used a nearbyย ย 
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์˜ค๋žœ ์„ธ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์ธ๋“ค์ด
20:05
waterway to transport materials such as the stoneย  blocks needed to build the pyramids on the river.
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๊ฐ• ์œ„์— ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ง“๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋Œ ๋ธ”๋ก ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ž์žฌ๋ฅผ ์šด๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ธ๊ทผ ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:12
Up until now, nobody was certain of the location,ย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋กœ์˜ ์œ„์น˜,
20:16
the shape, the size or proximity of thisย  mega waterway to the actual pyramid site.
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๋ชจ์–‘, ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ ๋ถ€์ง€์™€์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:23
In a cross continental effort, the groupย  of researchers use radar satellite imageryย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ๋„˜๋‚˜๋“œ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์€ ๋ ˆ์ด๋” ์œ„์„ฑ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๋ฅ˜
20:29
to map the River Branch, which they believeย ย 
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๊ฐ•์„ ์ง€๋„ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๊ฐ•์ด
20:31
was buried by a major drought andย  sandstorms thousands of years ago.
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ํญํ’์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌปํ˜”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:37
The team was able to penetrate theย  sand surface and produce images ofย ย 
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์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์€
20:41
hidden features by using the radar technology.
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๋ ˆ์ด๋” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๊ด€ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ํŠน์ง•์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:46
Among those features were buried riversย  and ancient structures running at theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค ์ค‘์—๋Š”
20:52
foothills of where the vast majorityย  of the ancient Egyptian pyramids lie.
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์˜ ์‚ฐ๊ธฐ์Šญ์— ๋ฌปํžŒ ๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:57
The waterway could have been used forย  the transportation of heavier blocks,ย ย 
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์ด ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ๋” ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ๋ธ”๋ก,
21:01
equipment and people.
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์žฅ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์šด์†กํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:03
The discovery of this extinct river branch helpsย  explain the high pyramid density between Giza andย ย 
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์ด ๋ฉธ์ข…๋œ ๊ฐ• ์ง€๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์€ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ง€์—ญ์ธ ์ค‘์™•๊ตญ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๋งค์žฅ์ง€์ธ ๊ธฐ์ž์™€ ๊ธฐ์ŠคํŠธ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ€์ง‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:10
Gist, the site of Middle Kingdom burials in whatย  is now an inhospitable area of the Saharan Desert.
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.
21:18
The river branch's proximity to theย  pyramid complexes suggests that itย ย 
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๊ฐ• ์ง€๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ ๋‹จ์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
21:24
was active and operational during theย  construction phase of these pyramids.
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์ด ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ• ์ง€๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์šด์˜๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:29
Do you want me to makeย  another lesson just like this?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”?
21:32
If you do, put let's go, let'sย  go, put let's go in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— '๊ฐ€์ž', ' ๊ฐ€์ž', '๊ฐ€์ž'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
21:36
And of course, make sure you like this lesson,ย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
21:38
share it with your friends and subscribe soย  you're notified every time I post a new lesson.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”.
21:43
And you can get this free speakingย  guide where I share 6 tips on howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
21:46
to speak English fluently and confidently.
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:49
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
21:52
And here's another news lesson I knowย  you'll love, so make sure you watch it now.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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