๐Ÿ˜ป Learn English With News: Advanced English Vocabulary, Grammar, Pronunciation | Free English Lesson

113,405 views

2022-12-17 ใƒป JForrest English


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๐Ÿ˜ป Learn English With News: Advanced English Vocabulary, Grammar, Pronunciation | Free English Lesson

113,405 views ใƒป 2022-12-17

JForrest English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Welcome to this lesson to help you learn English  with the news. We're going to read a news article  
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใง่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏไธ€็ท’ใซใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚น่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’่ชญใฟใ€
00:06
together and you're going to learn a lot  of advanced grammar, natural vocabulary,  
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้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ€่‡ช็„ถใช่ชžๅฝ™ใ€
00:13
correct sentence structure, and even correct  pronunciation directly from reading this article  
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ใฎๆง‹้€ ใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใˆใ‚‚ใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใง็›ดๆŽฅๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
00:21
with me. Of course, I'm Jennifer from JForrest  English.com.com And this is your place to become  
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ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็งใฏ JForrest English.com.com ใฎ Jennifer ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:27
the confident English speaker. Let's get started.  Welcome to the article, let me read the headline  
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่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ่จ˜ไบ‹ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ชญใพใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
00:38
should cats be allowed on airplanes? So this  is an opinion based article. And the topic is  
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็Œซใฏ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹? ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๆ„่ฆ‹ใซๅŸบใฅใ่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ่ฉฑ้กŒใฏ
00:47
cats on airplanes. Now let's say you're going  to provide an answer to this question because  
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้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใ‚‹็Œซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๅ›ž็ญ”ใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:54
it's a question right? So if you want to sound  more advanced, more professional, you can add  
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ๅบฆใงใƒ—ใƒญใƒ•ใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒŠใƒซใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€
01:02
an opinion word you can say in my opinion, and  then you can state your opinion, cats should or  
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็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใง่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๆ„่ฆ‹ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚็Œซใฏ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใ‹ใ€่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
01:12
shouldn't be allowed on airplanes. So you can  say in my opinion, that's a very common one.  
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ใ€‚ ็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ“ใจใ ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:20
You can also say from my perspective, now  notice it's from, from my perspective,  
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ใพใŸใ€็งใฎ่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€็งใฎ่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฎ่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฎ
01:30
in my opinion, from my perspective, these are the  two most common opinion words that you can use.  
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ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฎ่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช 2 ใคใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:44
You can also see simply, I think, I think that  has should or shouldn't be allowed on airplanes.  
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ใพใŸใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใง่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใ‹ใ€่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:56
Now notice here I included that a lot of students  get confused about when you need to use that and  
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ๅคšใใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒ ใ„ใคใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
02:04
when you don't. Generally in written English we  include that. I think that cat should generally  
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ใ„ใคไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸ ใ‚‚ใฎใซๅซใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใ€็Œซใฏ
02:13
you can absolutely just say I think cats  should now in spoken English, we generally  
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ๅฃ่ชž่‹ฑ่ชžใง็ŒซใŒใ™ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใ„ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฏ้€šๅธธใ€
02:21
do not include it just to make it shorter and we  say I think cats should. So if you're writing,  
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ๅ˜ใซ็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ็งใฏ็ŒซใŒใ™ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
02:30
you can include it's more common, but if you're  speaking it's more common to omit it exclude it.  
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ๅซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ้™คๅค–ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นใŒไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:39
So here are some opinion words you can start  adding to your speech. You can start right now  
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ใใ“ใงใ€ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใงใใ‚‹ๆ„่ฆ‹ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ใ”็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ไปŠใ™ใๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ‹•็”ปใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆ
02:44
and share your opinion about cats on airplanes in  the comment of this video and use in my opinion,  
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ใง้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฎ็Œซใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:52
or from my perspective they will both help you  sound very advanced. All right, let's continue  
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ใพใŸใฏใ€็งใฎ่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ้žๅธธใซไธŠ็ดš่€…ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€
03:00
on at the Bogota airport. As passengers were  placing their carry ons, laptops and purses  
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ใƒœใ‚ดใ‚ฟ็ฉบๆธฏใง็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ไน—ๅฎขใŒๆฉŸๅ†…ๆŒใก่พผใฟ ๆ‰‹่ท็‰ฉใ€ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—ใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใ€่ฒกๅธƒใ‚’
03:09
in bins inching their way on the conveyor.  Belt or inspection. Okay, let's stop here.  
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ™ใƒคใƒผใซไน—ใ›ใ‚‹ใƒ“ใƒณใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€‚ ใƒ™ใƒซใƒˆใพใŸใฏๆคœๆŸปใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
03:17
carry ons. This is absolutely must know for  travel vocabulary. Most commonly planes but  
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็ถšใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆ—…่กŒ็”จ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ็ตถๅฏพใซ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใฎใฏ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใงใ™ใŒใ€
03:28
you can also use this on trains buses, most likely  boats as well. Now a carry on is simply a bag that  
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้›ป่ปŠใ€ใƒใ‚นใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใƒœใƒผใƒˆใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๆฉŸๅ†…ๆŒใก่พผใฟๆ‰‹่ท็‰ฉใจใฏใ€
03:39
you carry on to the airport onto the airplane.  Excuse me, not airport air plane. Now a suitcase  
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็ฉบๆธฏใ‹ใ‚‰้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซๆŒใก่พผใ‚€ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฐใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€็ฉบๆธฏใฎ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็พๅœจใ€ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใฏ
03:51
is generally larger and you would check that  so when you get to the airport, you check your  
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้€šๅธธใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคงใใใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ ็ฉบๆธฏใซ็€ใ„ใŸใ‚‰
03:59
suitcase and it goes under the plane. But then  you take your smaller suitcases, your smaller  
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ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใฏ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฎไธ‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ๅฐใ•ใชใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใ‚„ๅฐใ•ใช
04:08
bags on to the airplane with you, you carry  it on to the plane. So here on Google images,  
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ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฐใ‚’้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซๆŒใก่พผใฟใ€ ๆฉŸๅ†…ใซๆŒใก่พผใ‚“ใงใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใฎ Google ็”ปๅƒใงใฏใ€ๆฉŸๅ†…
04:18
you can see the carry on bags. Now this right  here that this man is opening. This is called the  
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ๆŒใก่พผใฟๆ‰‹่ท็‰ฉใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠใ€ ใ“ใฎ็”ทๆ€งใŒ้–‹ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ“ใ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ ญ
04:28
overhead bin the overhead bin and your bag must  fit in the overhead bin or go under your seat in  
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ไธŠใฎๅŽ็ดๆฃšใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ€ๆ‰‹่ท็‰ฉใ‚’ๆฉŸๅ†…ๆŒใก่พผใฟๆ‰‹่ท็‰ฉใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ ใซใฏใ€ๆ‰‹่ท็‰ฉใŒ้ ญไธŠใฎๅŽ็ดๆฃšใซๅŽใพใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๅบงๅธญใฎไธ‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
04:40
order for it to be a carry on bag. So let me just  write that here. So overhead bin so your carry on.  
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใ“ใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ‰ใƒ“ใƒณใชใฎใงใ€ๆฉŸๅ†…ๆŒใก่พผใฟใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:53
bag or suitcase must fit in the overhead  bin or under your seat and then we have  
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ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฐใพใŸใฏใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใฏใ€้ ญไธŠใฎๅŽ็ดๆฃšใพใŸใฏๅบงๅธญใฎไธ‹ใซๅŽใพใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œ ไปฅ้™ใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š
05:09
larger suitcases. Larger suitcases are called  checked. bags or luggage and they go under the  
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ๅคงใใชใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใ”ๅˆฉ็”จใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคงใใ„ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใฏใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏๆธˆใฟใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‹ใฐใ‚“ใ‚„ใ‹ใฐใ‚“ใฏ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฎไธ‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ™
05:23
plane so they do not go on the plane with you they  go under the plane. All right. Now let's move on.  
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ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฎไธ‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏๆฌกใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:32
And look at this inching their way so an inch is a  very small amount. So if I say I'm inching my way,  
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚คใƒณใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚1 ใ‚คใƒณใƒใฏ ้žๅธธใซๅฐใ•ใ„้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŒ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ้“ใ‚’ๆญฉใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅ ดๅˆใ€
05:44
it means I'm making slow progress. So if you  said I'm inching my way towards the exit,  
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎ้€ฒๆญฉใŒ้…ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ็งใŒๅ‡บๅฃใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใค้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
05:56
it means the mind is going very slowly.  So you could use that when you're at a  
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฟƒใŒ้žๅธธใซใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
06:04
grocery store or when you're going through  security at the airport. So you might say  
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้ฃŸๆ–™ๅ“ๅบ—ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ‚„ใ€ ็ฉบๆธฏใงใ‚ปใ‚ญใƒฅใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚’้€š้Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:12
I inched my way through security and it took me  almost one hour so if you use inch my way the  
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ใ‚ปใ‚ญใƒฅใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใค้€šใ‚ŠๆŠœใ‘ใฆใ€ ใปใผ 1 ๆ™‚้–“ใ‹ใ‹ใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็งใฎใ‚„ใ‚Šๆ–นใงๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใค้€ฒใ‚€ใจใ€ใใฎ
06:25
person understands you're making progress slowly.  All right, one item stood out stood out. This is  
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ไบบใฏใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€็›ฎ็ซ‹ใฃใŸไธ€ๅ“ใŒ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
06:35
a great phrasal verb to stand out. And this  means to be noticeable to to stand out to be  
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็›ฎ็ซ‹ใค็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚็›ฎ็ซ‹ใŸใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
06:51
noticeable. So it's something that you notice  more than other things. So let's say I have  
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ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ ไป–ใฎใ“ใจใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๆฐ—ไป˜ใใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€
07:03
these two black pens, and maybe I'll take this  one this purple one because it's darker, right?  
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ใ“ใฎ 2 ๆœฌใฎ้ป’ใฎใƒšใƒณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ็ดซใฎใƒšใƒณใฎๆ–นใŒๆš—ใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใฎ 1 ๆœฌใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใญใ€‚
07:10
And then I can take this one. Well, if I get  one, this is a better example if I have these  
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใจใ€็งใŒ 1 ใคๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
07:22
three pens which one in your opinion, from your  perspective, which one stands out, stands out  
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3 ใคใฎใƒšใƒณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใฏใ€
07:32
which one is more noticeable? Well, the yellow one  stands out, obviously because it's a bright color.  
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ใฉใฎใƒšใƒณใŒ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใˆใˆใจใ€้ป„่‰ฒใŒ ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„่‰ฒใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:41
So this item, this item in the all  the suitcases there's one item was  
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ†ใƒ ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใฎ 1 ใคใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ†ใƒ ใฎใ“ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ†ใƒ ใฏใ€ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใฎไธญใซ
07:50
more noticeable because there was a cat  in the suitcase. That's why it stood out.  
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็ŒซใŒใ„ใŸใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็›ฎ็ซ‹ใกใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
07:58
One item stood out was more noticeable. It was  a cat and its owner was putting it into a cabin  
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็›ฎ็ซ‹ใฃใŸ1ใคใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ†ใƒ ใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Š็›ฎ็ซ‹ใกใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ็Œซใงใ€้ฃผใ„ไธปใฏใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ“ใƒณใฎ
08:08
ready case. So a cabin is what I showed you in  the picture. That's where all the passengers go  
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ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒๆ•ดใฃใŸใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅ†™็œŸใงใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใŸใฎใฏใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ“ใƒณใงใ™ ใ€‚ ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎไน—ๅฎขใŒ่กŒใๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™
08:19
when they're on a plane. They just call that  the cabin. So that cat is going on the plane.  
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ“ใƒณใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใฎ็Œซใฏ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:29
Okay, let me just write out that example sentence  with the yellow pen for you. The yellow pen stood  
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ใงใฏใ€ใใฎไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ ้ป„่‰ฒใฎใƒšใƒณใงๆ›ธใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ้ป„่‰ฒใ„ใƒšใƒณใŒ
08:39
out. So remember this is a phrasal verb you need  your verb stand, which you conjugate in this case  
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็›ฎ็ซ‹ใกใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒณใƒ‰ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒณใƒ‰ใฏๅ˜็ด”
08:47
is conjugated in the past simple and then you need  your preposition out the yellow pen stood out.  
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้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ฒใƒผใƒˆใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ ้ป„่‰ฒใฎใƒšใƒณใŒ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใคใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
08:57
For most travelers, this would hardly be  noticeable. Yet for me, alarm bells rang.  
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๆ—…่กŒ่€…ใซใจใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉ ๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ใ€็งใซใฏ่ญฆๅ ฑใƒ™ใƒซใŒ้ณดใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:07
Okay, let's take a look here hardly. This is an  adverb hardly be noticeable when you use hardly  
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใฏใ˜ใฃใใ‚Š่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„
09:16
it means a small amount. So for most people,  they wouldn't notice the cats. It's a small  
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ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใฏ ็Œซใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใ‹ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:26
amount that they would notice. So not very much  a small amount there is another word that means  
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆฐ—ไป˜ใใฎใฏๅฐ‘้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:34
the exact same thing another adverb you can  also say hardly or barely, hardly. Barely.
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ๅˆฅใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚‚ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ€ใพใŸใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‹ใ‚ใ†ใ˜ใฆใ€‚
09:44
They mean the same thing in this specific context.  A small amount this would barely be noticeable.  
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใงใฏๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฐ‘้‡ใชใ‚‰ใปใจใ‚“ใฉ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใกใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:53
This would barely hardly be noticeable. And  remember instead of be noticeable, you can say  
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใŸใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใคใฎใงใฏใชใใ€้š›็ซ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
09:59
stand out. This would hardly stand out. This would  barely stand out. Yet for me alarm bells rang. So  
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใกใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใกใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ใ€็งใซใฏ่ญฆ้˜ใŒ้ณดใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:10
just like your phone rings, right? That's the verb  we use to rain when you get a phone call. Well,  
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้›ป่ฉฑใŒ้ณดใ‚‹ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ้›ป่ฉฑใŒใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใใŸใจใใซ้›จใ‚’้™ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใจใ€
10:19
that's the verb we use with alarms. That's ring  the alarm rings and rang is just in the past  
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒฉใƒผใƒ ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ้ณดใ‚‹ ใ‚ขใƒฉใƒผใƒ ใŒ้ณดใ‚Šใ€้ณดใฃใŸใฎใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉ้ŽๅŽปใฎใ“ใจใงใ™
10:29
simple alarm bells rang. I am severely allergic to  cats vulnerable to allergic asthma. And a cat was  
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ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใชใ‚ขใƒฉใƒผใƒ ใƒ™ใƒซใŒ้ณดใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏใ€ ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผๆ€งๅ–˜ๆฏใซใชใ‚Šใ‚„ใ™ใ„็Œซใซๅฏพใ—ใฆ้‡ๅบฆใฎใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚จใ‚ขใƒปใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใฎ
10:41
going to be sharing my cabin during the six hour  Air Canada flight. Now remember, cabin is just  
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6 ๆ™‚้–“ใฎใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใฎ้–“ใ€1 ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒ็งใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ“ใƒณใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ“ใƒณใฏ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸ
10:51
used to describe the interior of the  plane. That's it. So the interior of  
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ใฎๅ†…้ƒจใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใงใŠใ—ใพใ„ใ€‚ ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฎๅ†…้ƒจใ‚’
10:58
the plane they call it a cabin I don't know  why. Interior of the plane so it's where you  
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ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ“ใƒณใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎ็†็”ฑใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฎๅ†…้ƒจใชใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
11:07
sit where your bags are where the pilot  is everything on the inside of the plane  
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ๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒญใƒƒใƒˆใŒ ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฎๅ†…้ƒจใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
11:17
All right, what else Oh severely. So severely  This is an adverb and it seemed to have a large  
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ใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆทฑๅˆปใซ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ€็จ‹ๅบฆใŒๅคงใใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ—ใŸ
11:28
degree. So remember, hardly was small but then  severely is to a large degree. So in in certain  
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฏๅฐใ•ใใ€ ๆทฑๅˆปใช็จ‹ๅบฆใฏๅคงใใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงใฏใ€
11:37
contexts you could think of them as opposite.  So this is to a large degree to a large degree  
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆญฃๅๅฏพใฎใ‚‚ใฎใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฎ็จ‹ๅบฆใงใ™ ใงใฏ
11:51
All right, let's move on here.  
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ใ€ๆฌกใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:56
Why are cats allowed? Yes, dogs are also  permitted in the cabin. Yet, twice as  
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ใชใœ็Œซใฏ่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€็Šฌใ‚‚ ๆฉŸๅ†…ใซๅŒไผดใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
12:05
many people are allergic to cats as two dogs.  According to the American College of Allergy,  
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็Œซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฎไบบใฏ็Šฌ 2 ๅŒนใฎ 2 ๅ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ American College of Allergy,
12:13
Asthma and Immunology. Let's take a look at yet  because I noticed they also used it here yet for  
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Asthma and Immunology ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจ. ใพใ ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ๅฝผใ‚‰ ใŒใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใพใ ็งใฎใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใŸใฎใง
12:22
me so yet, yet. Yeah, it is one of those words in  English that has many different meanings depending  
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ใ€ใพใ . ใˆใˆใ€ๆ–‡่„ˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใค่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™
12:31
on the context. And that's why it's so useful to  study from articles because you see the context  
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ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
12:40
that the word is being used in this specific  context yet is being used as a conjunction.  
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ๅ˜่ชžใŒ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใซใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใšใ€ ๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ–‡่„ˆใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒ้žๅธธใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
12:49
is a conjunction. And it has the same meaning as  VOD, or however, so it's used to show a contrast.  
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ๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ VOD ใจๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใŒใ€ ๅฏพๆฏ”ใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
13:03
So here let's look at our first example.  Most travelers wouldn't notice a cat.  
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๆ—…่กŒ่€…ใฏ็Œซใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใ‹ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
13:12
I would notice a cat. Do you see the contrast?  Most travelers would not? I would. So we have a  
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็งใฏ็Œซใซๆฐ—ใฅใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๆ—…่กŒ่€…ใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใฏ...ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
13:24
yes and a no there's a contrast. We use a yet to  help us transition from the one contrast point to  
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ใ‚คใ‚จใ‚นใจใƒŽใƒผใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฏพ็…ง็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆ ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰
13:36
the other contrast point. So you can equally  say but for me however for me yet for me,  
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ๅˆฅใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆ ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใธใฎ็งป่กŒใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆดใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€yet ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใงใฏใ€ but for me but for me yet for me ใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:46
in this specific context, and it's the same thing  here. So cats are allowed, dogs are allowed,  
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็Œซใฏ่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใ€็Šฌใ‚‚่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
13:58
but twice as many people are allergic yet.  So we're setting up another contrast and  
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ใŒใ€ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฎไบบใฏใพใ  2 ๅ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใ€ๅˆฅใฎๅฏพๆฏ”ใ‚’่จญๅฎšใ—ใฆ
14:07
we're using yet as a conjunction. Now just as  a reminder, all of these notes are available  
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ใพใ ๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใŠใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒกใƒขใฏใ™ในใฆ
14:14
as a PDF download. So you can look in the  description of this video to get this download.  
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PDF ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใจใ—ใฆๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎๅ‹•็”ปใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ‚’ๅ‚็…งใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
14:23
Let's continue on yet twice as many people are  allergic to cats as two dogs. Here they chose  
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็Œซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฎไบบใฏ็Šฌ 2 ๅŒนใฎ 2 ๅ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€
14:31
to use as two dogs. Honestly, I would say them so  we have twice as many people are allergic to cats,  
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2 ๅŒนใฎ็Šฌใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ ็Œซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฎไบบใฏ็Šฌใฎ 2 ๅ€ใซไธŠใ‚Šใพใ™
14:40
then dogs. That's what I would say. Then dogs and  you're probably more familiar with that wording.  
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็Šฌใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใใใฎ่จ€่‘‰้ฃใ„ใฎๆ–นใŒใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:50
So for example, more people buy dogs than cats  more people. Why then travel by bus, for example.  
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็Œซใ‚’่ฒทใ†ไบบใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚็Šฌใ‚’่ฒทใ†ไบบใฎ ๆ–นใŒๅคšใ„ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใชใœใƒใ‚นใงๆ—…่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
15:09
So just showing you that that contrast that  comparison with them. Alright, let's continue on.  
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใจใฎๆฏ”่ผƒใฎๅฏพๆฏ”ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€็ถšใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
15:17
Dangers of exposure. So what is a cat allergic  passenger to do? So this person is allergic to  
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ๆšด้œฒใฎๅฑ้™บใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€็Œซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฎ ไน—ๅฎขใฏใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎไบบใฏ็Œซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใงใ™
15:28
cats. They get a reaction but someone  is taking a cat on the plane and they  
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅๅฟœใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ็Œซใ‚’้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใ›ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
15:36
might be quite close to each other. So they're  asking for advice. What is that person to do?  
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ใŠไบ’ใ„ใซใ‹ใชใ‚ŠๆŽฅ่ฟ‘ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎไบบใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
15:43
And this is the advice take medications  that help prevent symptoms. advises Randall,  
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€็—‡็Šถใฎไบˆ้˜ฒใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใค่–ฌใ‚’ๆœ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใงใ™ ใ€‚ Randall ใŒใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
15:50
so notice here advise. This is  being used as our verb or verb  
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ใ“ใ“ใงๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ๅ‹•่ฉžใพใŸใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
16:00
and the noun form of advise. We can use advice  which is the now what advice do what advice do  
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ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใฎๅ่ฉžๅฝขใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ ไปŠใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใŒ
16:15
you have for me? Because this person is asking  for advice. What advice do you have for me?  
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹? ใ“ใฎไบบใฏใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ็งใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
16:26
And I can say I advise you to take medication  advisor advice so notice the pronunciation  
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ใพใŸใ€่–ฌๅ‰คๅธซใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ ใฎใงใ€็™บ้Ÿณใฎ้•ใ„ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
16:37
difference. Advice, advise, advice, advice.  This is our noun and this is our verbs spelling  
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใฎๅ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ‚นใƒšใƒซใฎ
16:48
difference and pronunciation difference as well.  This includes a non drowsy and to histamine taken  
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้•ใ„ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็™บ้Ÿณใฎ้•ใ„ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏใ€ๆค็‰ฉใฎ 1 ๆ™‚้–“ๅ‰ใซๆœ็”จใ—ใŸ็œ ๆฐ—ใฎใชใ„ใƒ’ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒŸใƒณใจใ€ใƒฌใ‚นใ‚ญใƒฅใƒผๅธๅ…ฅๅ™จ
16:57
an hour before the plant and two parts of a  rescue inhaler. 15 minutes before ordering.  
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ใฎ 2 ใคใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๆณจๆ–‡15ๅˆ†ๅ‰ใ€‚
17:05
So drowsy, drowsy is when you feel sleepy  or tired views feel sleepy or tired.  
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ใจใฆใ‚‚็œ ใ„ใ€็œ ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ ็œ ใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
17:16
Sleepy, tired, but when you say non  drowsy it makes it negative because  
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็œ ใ„ใ€็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŒใ€็œ ใใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจ ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€
17:22
a lot of medication makes you feel  sleepy or tired. It makes you drowsy.  
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ๅคšใใฎ่–ฌใŒ ็œ ๆฐ—ใ‚„็–ฒใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็œ ใใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:29
So a lot of medication will say on their label.  Do not drive after taking medication because it  
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅคšใใฎ่–ฌใŒใƒฉใƒ™ใƒซใซ่จ˜่ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่–ฌใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚“ใ ๅพŒใฏ้‹่ปขใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:44
may make you drowsy, which means sleepy.  But generally drowsy is the vocabulary  
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็œ ใใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
17:53
choice when we're talking specifically about  medication. Now, if I had a long day at work,  
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็‰นใซ่–ฌใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซ็œ ๆฐ—ใจใ„ใ†่ชžๅฝ™ใŒ้ธๆŠžใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใง้•ทใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
18:04
or if I didn't sleep very well, I wouldn't say I  feel drowsy because drowsy implies the result of  
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ใพใŸใฏใ‚ˆใ็œ ใ‚Œใชใ‹ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ ็œ ๆฐ—ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŸใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€็œ ๆฐ—ใฏใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ่–ฌใฎ็ตๆžœใ‚’ๆš—็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€็œ ๆฐ—ใฏ่–ฌใจไธ€็ท’ใซ
18:14
some sort of medication because we use it with  medication. So if you're just talking about  
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ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
18:24
working hard or not sleeping well. You will use  tired or sleeping I feel tired. I feel sleepy.  
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ใƒใƒผใƒ‰ใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚„ใ‚ˆใ็œ ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใฎๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚ You will use ็–ฒใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏ็œ ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹. ใญใ‚€ใ„ใ€‚
18:36
I am or I feel either one of those is  fine. I am I feel tired or sleepy. But  
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใงใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ็งใฏ็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹็œ ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€
18:44
if you're talking specifically about  medication, then you can use drowsy.  
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ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซ่–ฌใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€drowsy ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
18:52
Alright, so that's the advice, which is  a now let's continue on. A mask used to  
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
19:01
protect against COVID-19 could help prevent the  dander from getting into your airways dander  
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COVID-19 ใ‹ใ‚‰ไฟ่ญทใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฏใฏใ€
19:10
that is something from the cat Burr. So little  particles from the cat's fur is called dander  
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็Œซใฎใƒใƒผใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใ‚ฑใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใ‚ฑใŒๆฐ—้“ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’้˜ฒใใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ็Œซใฎๆฏ›็šฎใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ้žๅธธใซๅฐใ•ใช็ฒ’ๅญใฏใตใ‘ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œ
19:23
and that's generally why people are  allergic to cats. It's the dander
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซไบบใ€…ใŒ ็Œซใซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
19:29
on there for airways is of course just  
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ๆฐ—้“ใฎใตใ‘ใฏใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
19:36
how you get air into your body is through your  air ways. So your nose is one of your airways  
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ไฝ“ใซ็ฉบๆฐ—ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š่พผใ‚€ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€ๆฐ—้“ใ‚’ไป‹ใ—ใฆ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ผปใฏๆฐ—้“ใฎ 1 ใค
19:45
and your mouth Your throat is another one of  your airway. So how you get air into your body.  
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ใ€ๅฃใฏๆฐ—้“ใฎใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆไฝ“ใซ็ฉบๆฐ—ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€‚
19:57
Now notice how they're using could as our modal  verb because could is used to show possibility  
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€could ใŒๅฏ่ƒฝ ๆ€ง
20:06
or potential possibility or potential. So it's  not saying that it will help you will is a more  
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ใพใŸใฏๆฝœๅœจ็š„ใชๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใพใŸใฏๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€modal ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆ could ใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„ๅฟ—ใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€
20:20
of an absolute this will work. It sounds 100%  Certain this could work. It's just a possibility.  
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็ตถๅฏพ็š„ใซใ†ใพใใ„ใใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ 100% ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ†ใพใใ„ใใ“ใจใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใงใ™ใ€‚
20:33
It's also possible that it won't work. So  could is used to show possibility. So this  
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ใพใŸใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ So could ใฏๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ
20:44
medicine could make you drowsy hood there's a  possibility the potential and that's a modal verb.  
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่–ฌใฏ็œ ๆฐ—ใ‚’่ช˜ใ†ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๆฝœๅœจ็š„ใช ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆณ•ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
20:57
And remember we always have grammatically,  we always have a modal clause, base verb,  
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅธธใซๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏๅธธใซใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซๅฅใ€ๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
21:05
so you don't change your verb that comes next.  It's always the base verb and could doesn't change  
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ใฎใงใ€ๆฌกใซๆฅใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅŸบๆœฌใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
21:14
either this medicine could make you drowsy. Let's  continue on. Is anything being done? Is there any  
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ใ“ใฎ่–ฌใง็œ ใใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™. ็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
21:24
progress in at least making the public and the  airline industry aware of the cat allergy problem?  
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ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚„ ่ˆช็ฉบๆฅญ็•Œใซ็Œซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ้€ฒๅฑ•ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
21:31
We have been trying to raise awareness a cat  allergy and cabin since 1985 notes Tanya Winders,  
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็งใŸใกใฏ 1985 ๅนดไปฅๆฅใ€็Œซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใจใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ“ใƒณใฎๆ„่ญ˜ใ‚’้ซ˜ใ‚ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:40
president of the Virginia based global allergy  airways patient platform, an 82 member network  
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ใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒ‹ใ‚ขใซๆœฌๆ‹ ใ‚’็ฝฎใไธ–็•Œ็š„ใชใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ ๆฐ—้“ๆ‚ฃ่€…ใƒ—ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใฎไปฃ่กจใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฃ ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒณใƒ€ใƒผใ‚นใฏใ€
21:48
of patient based groups including the Asthma  and Allergy network. Winders points to the  
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ๅ–˜ๆฏใจใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฎใƒใƒƒใƒˆใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๆ‚ฃ่€…ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚นใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎ 82 ใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผ ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ Winders ใฏใ€้‡ๅบฆใฎใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๅซใ‚€้šœๅฎณใ‚’ๆŒใคไบบใ€…ใ‚’ไฟ่ญทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
21:55
Federal Aviation administration's Air Carrier  Access Act, which is supposed to protect people  
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้€ฃ้‚ฆ่ˆช็ฉบๅฑ€ใฎ่ˆช็ฉบไผš็คพ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
22:02
with disabilities, including severe allergies, but  the only protection the website offers is advice.  
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ใŒใ€ ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใŒๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎไฟ่ญทใฏใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฉŸๅ†…
22:10
Choose an airline that does not allow can't in  cabins. Call ahead and check with your doctor.  
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ๆŒใก่พผใฟไธๅฏใฎ่ˆช็ฉบไผš็คพใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ไบ‹ๅ‰ใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ€ๅŒปๅธซใซ็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
22:20
Alright, so here this is the advice we  have our noun here and you can see those  
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใก ใฎๅ่ฉžใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
22:27
three points. That's what she advisors using  our verb. That's what she advises you do.  
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3 ใคใฎใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฝผๅฅณใŒ็งใŸใกใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
22:35
Now let's go back here. There were a lot of  very long names. Those are just the names  
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ„ๅๅ‰ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€
22:43
of these specific groups or this specific  act. You can just ignore those pretty much.  
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใพใŸใฏใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ ่กŒ็‚บใฎๅๅ‰ใซใ™ใŽใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉ็„ก่ฆ–ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
22:51
What can I show you here? We have raise  awareness raise is the verb you would use  
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ใ“ใ“ใงไฝ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹? ๆ„่ญ˜ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚บใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝฟใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™
23:01
you can also use increase awareness, increased  awareness but raise is a very common verb with  
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ๆ„่ญ˜ใ‚’้ซ˜ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ๆ„่ญ˜ใ‚’้ซ˜ใ‚ใ‚‹ ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚บใฏๆ„่ญ˜ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใจ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€่ชžๅฝ™
23:09
the word awareness so you can add that to your  vocabulary. Now notice we have since 1985. And  
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ใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€1985 ๅนดไปฅๆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆใ€
23:19
when I see the word sense, I can look back and  I already know that my sentence is going to be  
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sense ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใจใใ€ๆŒฏใ‚Š่ฟ”ใฃใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใŒ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ™ใงใซใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
23:26
in the present perfect. Now What verb tense do we  have here? We have been trying. We've been trying  
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ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ ๏ผŸ ็งใŸใกใฏๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
23:35
we've been trying this is the present  perfect, continuous present perfect continuous  
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†้€ฒ่กŒๅฝข็พๅœจ ๅฎŒไบ†้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
23:45
and it shows an action that started in the past  and continues until now. So when did this action  
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้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Š ็พๅœจใพใง็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‹•ไฝœใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใŒ
23:55
start? Well, it started in 1985. So that was the  start point 1985. And then it's continued all  
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ๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใฎใฏใ„ใคใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใˆใˆใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ 1985 ๅนดใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใ‚ŒใŒ 1985 ๅนดใฎ้–‹ๅง‹็‚นใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใ—ใฆใ€
24:06
the way until now and it will continue until  some unknown time in the future. So not too  
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ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใพใงใšใฃใจ็ถšใใ€ ๅฐ†ๆฅใฎๆœช็Ÿฅใฎๆ™‚ใพใง็ถšใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
24:14
much. On this last page because it was mainly  those long groups, those long organizations.  
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใฏใ€ไธปใซ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้•ทใ„ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ€้•ทใ„็ต„็น”ใงใ‚ใฃใŸใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
24:22
So what I'll do now is I will read the  article from start to finish so you can  
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ใใ“ใงใ€็งใŒ ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰ๆœ€ๅพŒใพใง่ชญใฟใ€
24:28
focus on my pronunciation and you can imitate  my pronunciation as well. And remember, you can  
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็งใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใซ้›†ไธญใ—ใฆใ€ ็งใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’็œŸไผผใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€
24:34
also look in the description of this video to get  the link that summarizes all the notes I made. So  
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ใ“ใฎๅ‹•็”ปใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ‚’ๅ‚็…งใ—ใฆใ€ ็งใŒไฝœๆˆใ—ใŸใ™ในใฆใฎใƒกใƒขใ‚’ใพใจใ‚ใŸใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
24:44
now I'll read the article from start to finish.  Should cats be allowed on airplanes at the Bogota  
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰ๆœ€ๅพŒใพใง่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒœใ‚ดใ‚ฟ็ฉบๆธฏใฎ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซ็Œซใ‚’ๆŒใก่พผใ‚€ใ“ใจใฏ่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
24:52
airport. As passengers were placing their carry  ons, laptops and purses in bins inching their  
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ไน—ๅฎขใŒๆฉŸๅ†…ๆŒใก่พผใฟ ๆ‰‹่ท็‰ฉใ€ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—ใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใ€่ฒกๅธƒใ‚’ใƒ“ใƒณใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ€
24:59
way on the conveyor belt for inspection. One items  stood up. It was a cat and its owner was putting  
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ๆคœๆŸปใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ณใƒณใƒ™ใƒคใƒผ ใƒ™ใƒซใƒˆใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใค้€ฒใ‚ใฆใ„ใŸใจใใ€‚ 1 ใคใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ†ใƒ ใŒ ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็Œซใงใ€้ฃผใ„ไธปใฏ
25:07
it into a cabin ready case. For most travelers.  This would hardly be noticeable. Yet for me,  
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ“ใƒณๅฏพๅฟœใฎใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๆ—…่กŒ่€…ๅ‘ใ‘ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใŸใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ€
25:14
alarm bells rang. I am severely allergic to cats  vulnerable to allergic asthma and account was  
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่ญฆๅ ฑใƒ™ใƒซใŒ้ณดใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏ ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผๆ€งๅ–˜ๆฏใซใชใ‚Šใ‚„ใ™ใ„็Œซใซๅฏพใ—ใฆ้‡ๅบฆใฎใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ซใ‚ฆใƒณใƒˆใฏ
25:22
going to be sharing my cabin during the six hour  Air Canada flight. Why are canceled out? Yes,  
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6 ๆ™‚้–“ใฎใ‚จใ‚ข ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใฎใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใฎ้–“ใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ“ใƒณใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใชใœใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒซใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€
25:31
dogs are also permitted in the cabin. Yet twice  as many people are allergic to cats as two dogs,  
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็Šฌใ‚‚ๆฉŸๅ†…ใซๅŒไผดใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
25:39
according to the American College of Allergy  Asthma and Immunology, dangers of exposure.  
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใƒณ ใ‚ซใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ธ ใ‚ชใƒ– ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ ๅ–˜ๆฏใŠใ‚ˆใณๅ…็–ซๅญฆใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€็Œซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฎไบบใฏ็Šฌ 2 ๅŒนใฎ 2 ๅ€ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆ›้œฒใฎๅฑ้™บๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
25:47
So what is a cat allergic passenger to do? Take  medications that help prevent symptoms, advises  
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ใงใฏใ€็Œซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฎไน—ๅฎขใฏใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ็—‡็Šถใฎไบˆ้˜ฒใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใค่–ฌใ‚’ๆœ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใƒซใƒ•ใฏใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:55
Randolph This includes a non drowsy anti histamine  taken an hour before the flight and two paws of  
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏใ€ ้ฃ›่กŒใฎ 1 ๆ™‚้–“ๅ‰ใซๆœ็”จใ—ใŸ็œ ๆฐ—ใฎใชใ„ๆŠ—ใƒ’ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒŸใƒณ่–ฌใจใ€
26:04
a rescue inhaler. 15 minutes before boarding.  A mask used to protect against COVID-19 could  
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ใƒฌใ‚นใ‚ญใƒฅใƒผๅธๅ…ฅๅ™จใฎ 2 ๆœฌใฎ่ถณใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆญไน—15ๅˆ†ๅ‰ใ€‚ COVID-19 ใ‹ใ‚‰ไฟ่ญทใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฏใฏใ€
26:11
help prevent the downunder from getting into your  airways. A HEPA air filter which most airplanes  
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ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ขใƒณใƒ€ใƒผใŒๆฐ—้“ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’้˜ฒใใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใŒ
26:19
say they use could also help but not if a cat  is sitting next to you. Is anything being done.  
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ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ HEPA ใ‚จใ‚ขใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒซใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚‚ๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใŒใ€็ŒซใŒ ้šฃใซๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
26:28
Is there any progress in at least making the  public and the airline industry aware of the  
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ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ ไธ€่ˆฌใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚„่ˆช็ฉบๆฅญ็•Œใซ
26:34
cat allergy problem? We have been trying to  raise awareness of cat allergy and Kevin's  
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็Œซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ้€ฒๅฑ•ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹? ็งใŸใกใฏ 1985 ๅนดไปฅๆฅใ€ ็Œซใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใจใ‚ฑใƒ“ใƒณใฎ่ช็Ÿฅๅบฆใ‚’้ซ˜ใ‚ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
26:41
since 1985 notes Tonia Winders, president of the  Virginia based global allergy airways patient  
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ใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒ‹ใ‚ขๅทžใ‚’ๆ‹ ็‚นใจใ™ใ‚‹ไธ–็•Œ็š„ใชใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผๆฐ—้“ๆ‚ฃ่€…
26:51
platform and 82 member network of patient based  groups including the Asthma and Allergy network.  
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ใƒ—ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ธใƒ‡ใƒณใƒˆใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๅ–˜ๆฏใŠใ‚ˆใณใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๆ‚ฃ่€…ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚นใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎ 82 ใฎใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผ ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒˆใƒ‹ใ‚ข ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒณใƒ€ใƒผใ‚นๆฐใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:59
Winders points to the Federal Aviation  administration's Air Carrier Access Act, which  
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Winders ใฏใ€้‡ๅบฆใฎใ‚ขใƒฌใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๅซใ‚€้šœๅฎณใ‚’ๆŒใคไบบใ€…ใ‚’ไฟ่ญทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹้€ฃ้‚ฆ ่ˆช็ฉบๅฑ€ใฎ Air Carrier Access Act ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
27:08
is supposed to protect people with disabilities,  including severe allergies, but the only  
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ใŒใ€
27:14
protection the website offers is advice. Choose an  airline that does not allow cats in cabins. Call  
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ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใŒๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ไฟ่ญทใฏใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฉŸๅ†…ใธใฎ ็ŒซใฎๆŒใก่พผใฟใŒ่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„่ˆช็ฉบไผš็คพใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไบ‹ๅ‰ใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆ
27:22
ahead and check with your doctor. Amazing job with  this lesson. Now you can look in the description  
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ใ€ๅŒปๅธซใซ็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ ใ€‚ ไปฅไธ‹ใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ในใฆใพใจใ‚ใŸ็„กๆ–™ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ PDF ใ‚’
27:29
below and you'll see a link where you can download  the free lesson PDF that summarizes everything  
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ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใงใใ‚‹ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
27:37
you learned in this lesson. And if you found this  lesson helpful, please hit the like button, share  
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ„ใ„ใญใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ใฆ
27:42
it with your friends and of course subscribe.  And before you go make sure you head on over  
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ๅ‹้”ใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่กŒใๅ‰ใซใ€
27:46
to my website, JForrest English.com and download  your free speaking Guide. In this guide I'm sure  
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็งใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ JForrest English.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใ€ ็„กๆ–™ใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใงใฏใ€
27:52
six tips on how to speak English fluently and  confidently and until next time, Happy studying.
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ๆตๆšขใ‹ใค่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎ 6 ใคใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกๅ›žใพใงใ€ๆฅฝใ—ใๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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