😻 Learn English With News: Advanced English Vocabulary, Grammar, Pronunciation | Free English Lesson

Welcome to this lesson to help you learn English  with the news. We're going to read a news article  

together and you're going to learn a lot  of advanced grammar, natural vocabulary,  

correct sentence structure, and even correct  pronunciation directly from reading this article  

with me. Of course, I'm Jennifer from JForrest  English.com.com And this is your place to become  

the confident English speaker. Let's get started.  Welcome to the article, let me read the headline  

should cats be allowed on airplanes? So this  is an opinion based article. And the topic is  

cats on airplanes. Now let's say you're going  to provide an answer to this question because  

it's a question right? So if you want to sound  more advanced, more professional, you can add  

an opinion word you can say in my opinion, and  then you can state your opinion, cats should or  

shouldn't be allowed on airplanes. So you can  say in my opinion, that's a very common one.  

You can also say from my perspective, now  notice it's from, from my perspective,  

in my opinion, from my perspective, these are the  two most common opinion words that you can use.  

You can also see simply, I think, I think that  has should or shouldn't be allowed on airplanes.  

Now notice here I included that a lot of students  get confused about when you need to use that and  

when you don't. Generally in written English we  include that. I think that cat should generally  

you can absolutely just say I think cats  should now in spoken English, we generally  

do not include it just to make it shorter and we  say I think cats should. So if you're writing,  

you can include it's more common, but if you're  speaking it's more common to omit it exclude it.  

So here are some opinion words you can start  adding to your speech. You can start right now  

and share your opinion about cats on airplanes in  the comment of this video and use in my opinion,  

or from my perspective they will both help you  sound very advanced. All right, let's continue  

on at the Bogota airport. As passengers were  placing their carry ons, laptops and purses  

in bins inching their way on the conveyor.  Belt or inspection. Okay, let's stop here.  

carry ons. This is absolutely must know for  travel vocabulary. Most commonly planes but  

you can also use this on trains buses, most likely  boats as well. Now a carry on is simply a bag that  

you carry on to the airport onto the airplane.  Excuse me, not airport air plane. Now a suitcase  

is generally larger and you would check that  so when you get to the airport, you check your  

suitcase and it goes under the plane. But then  you take your smaller suitcases, your smaller  

bags on to the airplane with you, you carry  it on to the plane. So here on Google images,  

you can see the carry on bags. Now this right  here that this man is opening. This is called the  

overhead bin the overhead bin and your bag must  fit in the overhead bin or go under your seat in  

order for it to be a carry on bag. So let me just  write that here. So overhead bin so your carry on.  

bag or suitcase must fit in the overhead  bin or under your seat and then we have  

larger suitcases. Larger suitcases are called  checked. bags or luggage and they go under the  

plane so they do not go on the plane with you they  go under the plane. All right. Now let's move on.  

And look at this inching their way so an inch is a  very small amount. So if I say I'm inching my way,  

it means I'm making slow progress. So if you  said I'm inching my way towards the exit,  

it means the mind is going very slowly.  So you could use that when you're at a  

grocery store or when you're going through  security at the airport. So you might say  

I inched my way through security and it took me  almost one hour so if you use inch my way the  

person understands you're making progress slowly.  All right, one item stood out stood out. This is  

a great phrasal verb to stand out. And this  means to be noticeable to to stand out to be  

noticeable. So it's something that you notice  more than other things. So let's say I have  

these two black pens, and maybe I'll take this  one this purple one because it's darker, right?  

And then I can take this one. Well, if I get  one, this is a better example if I have these  

three pens which one in your opinion, from your  perspective, which one stands out, stands out  

which one is more noticeable? Well, the yellow one  stands out, obviously because it's a bright color.  

So this item, this item in the all  the suitcases there's one item was  

more noticeable because there was a cat  in the suitcase. That's why it stood out.  

One item stood out was more noticeable. It was  a cat and its owner was putting it into a cabin  

ready case. So a cabin is what I showed you in  the picture. That's where all the passengers go  

when they're on a plane. They just call that  the cabin. So that cat is going on the plane.  

Okay, let me just write out that example sentence  with the yellow pen for you. The yellow pen stood  

out. So remember this is a phrasal verb you need  your verb stand, which you conjugate in this case  

is conjugated in the past simple and then you need  your preposition out the yellow pen stood out.  

For most travelers, this would hardly be  noticeable. Yet for me, alarm bells rang.  

Okay, let's take a look here hardly. This is an  adverb hardly be noticeable when you use hardly  

it means a small amount. So for most people,  they wouldn't notice the cats. It's a small  

amount that they would notice. So not very much  a small amount there is another word that means  

the exact same thing another adverb you can  also say hardly or barely, hardly. Barely.

They mean the same thing in this specific context.  A small amount this would barely be noticeable.  

This would barely hardly be noticeable. And  remember instead of be noticeable, you can say  

stand out. This would hardly stand out. This would  barely stand out. Yet for me alarm bells rang. So  

just like your phone rings, right? That's the verb  we use to rain when you get a phone call. Well,  

that's the verb we use with alarms. That's ring  the alarm rings and rang is just in the past  

simple alarm bells rang. I am severely allergic to  cats vulnerable to allergic asthma. And a cat was  

going to be sharing my cabin during the six hour  Air Canada flight. Now remember, cabin is just  

used to describe the interior of the  plane. That's it. So the interior of  

the plane they call it a cabin I don't know  why. Interior of the plane so it's where you  

sit where your bags are where the pilot  is everything on the inside of the plane  

All right, what else Oh severely. So severely  This is an adverb and it seemed to have a large  

degree. So remember, hardly was small but then  severely is to a large degree. So in in certain  

contexts you could think of them as opposite.  So this is to a large degree to a large degree  

All right, let's move on here.  

Why are cats allowed? Yes, dogs are also  permitted in the cabin. Yet, twice as  

many people are allergic to cats as two dogs.  According to the American College of Allergy,  

Asthma and Immunology. Let's take a look at yet  because I noticed they also used it here yet for  

me so yet, yet. Yeah, it is one of those words in  English that has many different meanings depending  

on the context. And that's why it's so useful to  study from articles because you see the context  

that the word is being used in this specific  context yet is being used as a conjunction.  

is a conjunction. And it has the same meaning as  VOD, or however, so it's used to show a contrast.  

So here let's look at our first example.  Most travelers wouldn't notice a cat.  

I would notice a cat. Do you see the contrast?  Most travelers would not? I would. So we have a  

yes and a no there's a contrast. We use a yet to  help us transition from the one contrast point to  

the other contrast point. So you can equally  say but for me however for me yet for me,  

in this specific context, and it's the same thing  here. So cats are allowed, dogs are allowed,  

but twice as many people are allergic yet.  So we're setting up another contrast and  

we're using yet as a conjunction. Now just as  a reminder, all of these notes are available  

as a PDF download. So you can look in the  description of this video to get this download.  

Let's continue on yet twice as many people are  allergic to cats as two dogs. Here they chose  

to use as two dogs. Honestly, I would say them so  we have twice as many people are allergic to cats,  

then dogs. That's what I would say. Then dogs and  you're probably more familiar with that wording.  

So for example, more people buy dogs than cats  more people. Why then travel by bus, for example.  

So just showing you that that contrast that  comparison with them. Alright, let's continue on.  

Dangers of exposure. So what is a cat allergic  passenger to do? So this person is allergic to  

cats. They get a reaction but someone  is taking a cat on the plane and they  

might be quite close to each other. So they're  asking for advice. What is that person to do?  

And this is the advice take medications  that help prevent symptoms. advises Randall,  

so notice here advise. This is  being used as our verb or verb  

and the noun form of advise. We can use advice  which is the now what advice do what advice do  

you have for me? Because this person is asking  for advice. What advice do you have for me?  

And I can say I advise you to take medication  advisor advice so notice the pronunciation  

difference. Advice, advise, advice, advice.  This is our noun and this is our verbs spelling  

difference and pronunciation difference as well.  This includes a non drowsy and to histamine taken  

an hour before the plant and two parts of a  rescue inhaler. 15 minutes before ordering.  

So drowsy, drowsy is when you feel sleepy  or tired views feel sleepy or tired.  

Sleepy, tired, but when you say non  drowsy it makes it negative because  

a lot of medication makes you feel  sleepy or tired. It makes you drowsy.  

So a lot of medication will say on their label.  Do not drive after taking medication because it  

may make you drowsy, which means sleepy.  But generally drowsy is the vocabulary  

choice when we're talking specifically about  medication. Now, if I had a long day at work,  

or if I didn't sleep very well, I wouldn't say I  feel drowsy because drowsy implies the result of  

some sort of medication because we use it with  medication. So if you're just talking about  

working hard or not sleeping well. You will use  tired or sleeping I feel tired. I feel sleepy.  

I am or I feel either one of those is  fine. I am I feel tired or sleepy. But  

if you're talking specifically about  medication, then you can use drowsy.  

Alright, so that's the advice, which is  a now let's continue on. A mask used to  

protect against COVID-19 could help prevent the  dander from getting into your airways dander  

that is something from the cat Burr. So little  particles from the cat's fur is called dander  

and that's generally why people are  allergic to cats. It's the dander

on there for airways is of course just  

how you get air into your body is through your  air ways. So your nose is one of your airways  

and your mouth Your throat is another one of  your airway. So how you get air into your body.  

Now notice how they're using could as our modal  verb because could is used to show possibility  

or potential possibility or potential. So it's  not saying that it will help you will is a more  

of an absolute this will work. It sounds 100%  Certain this could work. It's just a possibility.  

It's also possible that it won't work. So  could is used to show possibility. So this  

medicine could make you drowsy hood there's a  possibility the potential and that's a modal verb.  

And remember we always have grammatically,  we always have a modal clause, base verb,  

so you don't change your verb that comes next.  It's always the base verb and could doesn't change  

either this medicine could make you drowsy. Let's  continue on. Is anything being done? Is there any  

progress in at least making the public and the  airline industry aware of the cat allergy problem?  

We have been trying to raise awareness a cat  allergy and cabin since 1985 notes Tanya Winders,  

president of the Virginia based global allergy  airways patient platform, an 82 member network  

of patient based groups including the Asthma  and Allergy network. Winders points to the  

Federal Aviation administration's Air Carrier  Access Act, which is supposed to protect people  

with disabilities, including severe allergies, but  the only protection the website offers is advice.  

Choose an airline that does not allow can't in  cabins. Call ahead and check with your doctor.  

Alright, so here this is the advice we  have our noun here and you can see those  

three points. That's what she advisors using  our verb. That's what she advises you do.  

Now let's go back here. There were a lot of  very long names. Those are just the names  

of these specific groups or this specific  act. You can just ignore those pretty much.  

What can I show you here? We have raise  awareness raise is the verb you would use  

you can also use increase awareness, increased  awareness but raise is a very common verb with  

the word awareness so you can add that to your  vocabulary. Now notice we have since 1985. And  

when I see the word sense, I can look back and  I already know that my sentence is going to be  

in the present perfect. Now What verb tense do we  have here? We have been trying. We've been trying  

we've been trying this is the present  perfect, continuous present perfect continuous  

and it shows an action that started in the past  and continues until now. So when did this action  

start? Well, it started in 1985. So that was the  start point 1985. And then it's continued all  

the way until now and it will continue until  some unknown time in the future. So not too  

much. On this last page because it was mainly  those long groups, those long organizations.  

So what I'll do now is I will read the  article from start to finish so you can  

focus on my pronunciation and you can imitate  my pronunciation as well. And remember, you can  

also look in the description of this video to get  the link that summarizes all the notes I made. So  

now I'll read the article from start to finish.  Should cats be allowed on airplanes at the Bogota  

airport. As passengers were placing their carry  ons, laptops and purses in bins inching their  

way on the conveyor belt for inspection. One items  stood up. It was a cat and its owner was putting  

it into a cabin ready case. For most travelers.  This would hardly be noticeable. Yet for me,  

alarm bells rang. I am severely allergic to cats  vulnerable to allergic asthma and account was  

going to be sharing my cabin during the six hour  Air Canada flight. Why are canceled out? Yes,  

dogs are also permitted in the cabin. Yet twice  as many people are allergic to cats as two dogs,  

according to the American College of Allergy  Asthma and Immunology, dangers of exposure.  

So what is a cat allergic passenger to do? Take  medications that help prevent symptoms, advises  

Randolph This includes a non drowsy anti histamine  taken an hour before the flight and two paws of  

a rescue inhaler. 15 minutes before boarding.  A mask used to protect against COVID-19 could  

help prevent the downunder from getting into your  airways. A HEPA air filter which most airplanes  

say they use could also help but not if a cat  is sitting next to you. Is anything being done.  

Is there any progress in at least making the  public and the airline industry aware of the  

cat allergy problem? We have been trying to  raise awareness of cat allergy and Kevin's  

since 1985 notes Tonia Winders, president of the  Virginia based global allergy airways patient  

platform and 82 member network of patient based  groups including the Asthma and Allergy network.  

Winders points to the Federal Aviation  administration's Air Carrier Access Act, which  

is supposed to protect people with disabilities,  including severe allergies, but the only  

protection the website offers is advice. Choose an  airline that does not allow cats in cabins. Call  

ahead and check with your doctor. Amazing job with  this lesson. Now you can look in the description  

below and you'll see a link where you can download  the free lesson PDF that summarizes everything  

you learned in this lesson. And if you found this  lesson helpful, please hit the like button, share  

it with your friends and of course subscribe.  And before you go make sure you head on over  

to my website, JForrest English.com and download  your free speaking Guide. In this guide I'm sure  

six tips on how to speak English fluently and  confidently and until next time, Happy studying.