Using PASSIVE in English to avoid responsibility

378,243 views ・ 2012-05-18

English with Emma


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hi, my name is Emma, and today we will be talking about using the passive voice and
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”, 제 이름은 Emmaμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ™€ λŠ₯λ™νƒœ μ‚¬μš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:11
the active voice.
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00:13
So what this lesson is going to do is it's going to look at, first of all, what is the
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 μˆ˜μ—…μ—μ„œ ν•˜λ €λŠ” 것은 무엇보닀 λ¨Όμ €
00:17
difference between the passive and the active voice, something that a lot of ESL students
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μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ™€ λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ˜ 차이점이 무엇인지, λ§Žμ€ ESL 학생듀이
00:23
do have problems with, and then we're going to look at how they are used, and when to
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문제λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그듀이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ”μ§€, μ–Έμ œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€
00:28
use them.
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00:30
So this lesson is really going to focus on how businesses can use the active and passive
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 μˆ˜μ—…μ€ 기업이 λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ™€ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€
00:34
voices, how governments use them, and which ones will your teachers prefer when you write
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, μ •λΆ€κ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”μ§€, 그리고 에세이λ₯Ό μ“°κ±°λ‚˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ μž‘λ¬Έ 과제λ₯Ό μ“Έ λ•Œ μ„ μƒλ‹˜μ΄ μ–΄λ–€ 것을 μ„ ν˜Έν•˜λŠ”μ§€μ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ 맞좜 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:40
essays or when you write different written assignments.
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00:43
Okay, so let's get started.
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자, μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
So first of all, I have here a sentence, "I ate cake."
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ¨Όμ € "I ate cake"λΌλŠ” λ¬Έμž₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
"I ate cake" is an example of the active voice.
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"I ate cake"λŠ” λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ˜ μ˜ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
Most sentences you see are examples of the active voice.
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당신이 λ³΄λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ λ¬Έμž₯은 λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ˜ μ˜ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
What it is, is you have a subject, "I", you have the verb, the action, "ate", and then
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즉, μ£Όμ–΄ "I"κ°€ 있고, 동사, λ™μž‘ "ate"κ°€ 있고,
01:11
for a lot of sentences, you have the object, in this case, "cake".
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λ§Žμ€ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ λͺ©μ μ–΄κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” "cake"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
So what is an active voice?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ λŠ₯λ™νƒœλž€ λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?
01:18
What does it do?
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λ¬΄μ—‡μ„ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
01:19
Well, it's where the subject does the action.
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음, 주체가 행동을 μ·¨ν•˜λŠ” κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
Who ate the cake?
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λˆ„κ°€ 케이크λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄?
01:25
I ate the cake.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 케이크λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‹€.
01:27
Who did the action?
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λˆ„κ°€ κ·Έ 행동을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
01:28
I did the action, okay?
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λ‚΄κ°€ 행동을 μ·¨ν–ˆμ–΄, μ•Œμ•˜μ§€?
01:30
So now let's compare this to the passive voice.
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이제 이것을 μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ™€ 비ꡐ해 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
01:36
So here in this example, we have most of the same structures.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ—¬κΈ° 이 μ˜ˆμ—μ„œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ λ™μΌν•œ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
We have the "cake", so "cake, cake".
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"케이크"κ°€ μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆ "케이크, 케이크".
01:42
We have the verb, "to eat", but now we have the verb, "to be", "was".
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²ŒλŠ” "λ¨Ήλ‹€"λΌλŠ” 동사가 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ 이제 "λ˜λ‹€", "μ˜€λ‹€"λΌλŠ” 동사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
So this is an example of the passive voice, okay?
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이것은 μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ˜ μ˜ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€, μ•Œκ² μ§€μš”?
02:00
So the cake was eaten.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 케이크λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:03
Now how do we make the passive voice?
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이제 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€κΉŒμš” ?
02:05
Well, we take the passive subject.
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κΈ€μŽ„, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μˆ˜λ™μ  주제λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
What does that mean?
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그게 무슨 λœ»μ΄μ•Ό?
02:09
Well, in this case, the cake is not doing the action.
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음, 이 경우 μΌ€μ΄ν¬λŠ” 행동을 ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
In the first case, we say, "I am doing the action."
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첫 번째 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” "λ‚˜λŠ” 행동을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:17
In the second sentence, we don't know who's doing the action.
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두 번째 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λˆ„κ°€ 행동을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
We just know that the object of the action, the cake, is being eaten.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν–‰λ™μ˜ λŒ€μƒμΈ 케이크가 λ¨Ήκ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒλ§Œ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:26
So we've sort of taken away the subject.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 주제λ₯Ό μ œκ±°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 λ¬Έμž₯μ—λŠ”
02:28
There is no "I" in this sentence.
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"λ‚˜"κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:30
You don't know who's eating the cake.
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당신은 λˆ„κ°€ 케이크λ₯Ό λ¨Ήκ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
So in order to make the passive, here is our formula.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ νŒ¨μ‹œλΈŒλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 여기에 우리의 곡식이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:36
We take the passive subject, so in this case, that's the cake, the cake in the first sentence.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μˆ˜λ™νƒœ μ£Όμ–΄λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€, κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 κ²½μš°μ—, 그것은 μΌ€μ΄ν¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€, 첫 번째 λ¬Έμž₯의 μΌ€μ΄ν¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:42
We take "to be", so "was", and the past participle, which in this case is "eaten".
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "to be"λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ "was"와 κ³Όκ±° 뢄사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” "eaten"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:51
Now for the active voice and the passive voice, it's very important to remember that we can
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λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ™€ μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ˜ 경우 맀우 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ‹œμ œλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 점을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜λŠ” 것이 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:55
use this with so many different tenses.
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02:58
So for example, we can use it with the present perfect, the future.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ, λ―Έλž˜μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:03
The main thing to remember is the passive voice always has "to be", past participle.
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κΈ°μ–΅ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  μ£Όμš” 사항은 μˆ˜λ™νƒœκ°€ 항상 κ³Όκ±° 뢄사인 "to be"λ₯Ό κ°–λŠ”λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:11
So we're going to go into more detail now about how the passive voice and the active
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이제 μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ™€ λŠ₯λ™νƒœκ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ
03:15
voice are used, and go through more examples of both voices.
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μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ”μ§€ μžμ„Ένžˆ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κ³  두 가지 λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬μ˜ 더 λ§Žμ€ 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ™€ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό
03:22
Look at how we can use the passive and the active.
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€ .
03:26
So here is a comparison chart.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ—¬κΈ° λΉ„κ΅ν‘œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:29
On the one side, we have the active voice, so notice we have a subject, "I", "we", "we",
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ν•œμͺ½μ—λŠ” λŠ₯λ™νƒœκ°€ μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ μ£Όμ–΄ "I", "we", "we"κ°€ μžˆλŠ”
03:36
whereas on the passive, we have "be", "was", "were", "will be".
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반면 μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ—λŠ” "be", "was", "were", " 될거야".
03:44
So just take a second, look at the differences between these sentences.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ μž μ‹œ μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ‚΄μ–΄ 이 λ¬Έμž₯λ“€μ˜ 차이점을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
03:48
They have the same meaning, it's just the emphasis is on something different.
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그듀은 같은 의미λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 강쑰점이 λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:53
So read both sides of the chart, and just think about it for a second.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 차트의 양면을 읽고 μž μ‹œ 생각해 λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
04:01
Okay, so first of all, like I said before, in the active, we have the subject, "I made
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자, 그럼 μš°μ„  μ•žμ„œ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦° κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ—μ„œλŠ” "μ œκ°€ μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."λΌλŠ” μ£Όμ œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:09
a mistake."
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04:11
So in this case, when I say "I made a mistake", I'm taking responsibility for doing something.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 경우 "λ‚΄κ°€ μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν–ˆλ‹€"κ³  ν•˜λ©΄ μ±…μž„μ„ μ§€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:16
Now this is a strong sentence, in general, in English, we prefer to use the active.
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이제 이것은 κ°•ν•œ λ¬Έμž₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 일반적으둜 μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œλŠ” λŠ₯λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ„ ν˜Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:21
So for your teachers, for most essays, for most of your work you're doing, your teacher
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€, λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 에세이, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μž‘μ—…μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ„ μƒλ‹˜μ€ 이와 같은 μ£Όμ œμ™€ 동사가 μžˆλŠ”
04:26
would prefer a strong sentence where you do have a subject and a verb like this.
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κ°•ν•œ λ¬Έμž₯을 μ„ ν˜Έν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
04:33
Now where this is not the case is when we're trying to avoid taking responsibility for
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그렇지 μ•Šμ€ κ²½μš°λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 무언가에 λŒ€ν•œ μ±…μž„μ„ νšŒν”Όν•˜λ €κ³  ν•  λ•Œ
04:39
something, when we don't want to take the blame for something we did.
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, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•œ 일에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ±…μž„μ„ 묻고 싢지 μ•Šμ„ λ•Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:45
So if you think about businesses and governments, this is where this comes in, okay?
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λ”°λΌμ„œ κΈ°μ—…κ³Ό 정뢀에 λŒ€ν•΄ μƒκ°ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ 이것이 λ°”λ‘œ 이것이 λ“€μ–΄μ˜€λŠ” κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:50
Governments hate saying they did something wrong.
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μ •λΆ€λŠ” 그듀이 λ­”κ°€ 잘λͺ»ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ‹«μ–΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:54
They hate doing that, and so if your president of your country said, "Listen guys, I made
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그듀은 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ‹«μ–΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ λ‚˜λΌμ˜ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ΄ "잘 듀어봐, λ‚΄κ°€
05:00
a mistake.
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μ‹€μˆ˜ν–ˆμ–΄.
05:01
I lost a whole bunch of money."
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λ‚˜λŠ” λ§Žμ€ λˆμ„ μžƒμ—ˆμ–΄."라고 λ§ν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄.
05:03
The citizens would be really angry.
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μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ€ 정말 ν™”κ°€ 났을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:05
So instead, what governments do, they change it to the passive.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λŒ€μ‹ μ— μ •λΆ€κ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 일을 μ†Œκ·Ήμ μœΌλ‘œ λ°”κΏ‰λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:11
Instead of me taking responsibility for making a mistake, now I say simply, "A mistake was
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λ‚΄κ°€ μ‹€μˆ˜ν•œ 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ±…μž„μ„ μ§€λŠ” λŒ€μ‹  μ΄μ œλŠ” "μ‹€μˆ˜κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€"κ³  κ°„λ‹¨νžˆ λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:17
made."
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.
05:19
Who made the mistake?
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λˆ„κ°€ μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:20
It's unclear.
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λΆˆλΆ„λͺ…ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:21
We haven't said who made the mistake.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λˆ„κ°€ μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
In this case, we're trying to shy away from that.
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이 경우 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것을 ν”Όν•˜λ €κ³  λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:25
We don't want to suggest who made that mistake.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λˆ„κ°€ 그런 μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ œμ•ˆν•˜κ³  싢지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:29
"A serious mistake was made."
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"μ‹¬κ°ν•œ μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ €μ§ˆλ €μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
05:31
Okay?
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μ’‹μ•„μš”?
05:32
Similarly, in war, governments, armies, they often kill a lot of people.
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λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ μ „μŸ, μ •λΆ€, κ΅°λŒ€μ—μ„œ 그듀은 μ’…μ’… λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ£½μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:39
So if a government said, "We killed a lot of people today," they probably would not
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ •λΆ€κ°€ "였늘 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ£½μ˜€λ‹€"κ³  λ§ν•˜λ©΄
05:44
be re-elected.
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μž¬μ„ λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:46
It would not be something nice for them to say.
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그듀이 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것은 쒋지 μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
They would become unpopular.
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그듀은 인기가 없을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:49
So how do they change this around?
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그듀은 이것을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ°”κΎΈλ‚˜μš”?
05:52
Well, they take away their responsibility.
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κΈ€μŽ„, 그듀은 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ±…μž„μ„ μ—†μ•€λ‹€.
05:56
They say, "A lot of people were killed."
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그듀은 "λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ£½μ—ˆλ‹€"κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:59
Who killed them?
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λˆ„κ°€ 그듀을 μ£½μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
06:00
We don't know.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€.
06:01
Just, "A lot of people were killed."
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κ·Έλƒ₯ "λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ£½μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
06:02
So you see, again, we're taking away the responsibility, the blame of someone.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ˜ μ±…μž„κ³Ό λΉ„λ‚œμ„ μ—†μ• κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
Businesses also love to use this.
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기업도 이것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:12
Any time a business is going to do something that's probably going to anger you, they don't
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기업이 당신을 ν™”λ‚˜κ²Œ ν•  일을 ν•  λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ 그듀은
06:17
want to take responsibility for it.
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그것에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ±…μž„μ§€κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:19
So for example, maybe you didn't pay your bills, and so as a result of that, you owe
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, μ²­κ΅¬μ„œλ₯Ό 내지 μ•Šμ•„μ„œ κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό
06:25
the hydro company a lot of money, and they want to tell you they're going to shut off
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수λ ₯ λ°œμ „ νšŒμ‚¬μ— λ§Žμ€ λˆμ„ λΉšμ§€κ³  μ „κΈ°λ₯Ό μ°¨λ‹¨ν•˜κ² λ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:29
your electricity.
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.
06:33
Instead of saying, "We will turn off your electricity", if you say that "we", you're
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"μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μ „κΈ°λ₯Ό λ„κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ "라고 λ§ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€μ‹  "우리"라고 λ§ν•˜λ©΄ νšŒμ‚¬μ—
06:36
going to get angry at the company.
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ν™”λ₯Ό λ‚Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
06:39
They avoid the "we".
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그듀은 "우리"λ₯Ό ν”Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:40
Instead, they say, "Your electricity will be turned off."
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λŒ€μ‹  그듀은 "λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μ „κΈ°κ°€ 꺼질 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:45
Who turned it off?
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λˆ„κ°€ 껐어?
06:46
I don't know.
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λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:47
It's just going to be turned off.
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꺼질 λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:48
So again, in terms of the passive, we're focused on the actual action itself.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μˆ˜λ™μ μΈ μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‹€μ œ 행동 μžμ²΄μ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:53
We're not focused on who did the action.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λˆ„κ°€ 행동을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€μ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:55
Who did the action, we're either trying to hide who did the action, or it doesn't matter.
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λˆ„κ°€ 행동을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λˆ„κ°€ 행동을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ 숨기렀고 ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:01
Or, alternatively, oftentimes with newspapers, we use the passive, and the reason is sometimes
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λ˜λŠ” μ‹ λ¬Έμ—μ„œλŠ” μ’…μ’… μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ
07:08
when crimes are committed, you don't know who did the crime.
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범죄가 λ°œμƒν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ λˆ„κ°€ 범죄λ₯Ό μ €μ§ˆλ €λŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:12
So if you don't really know who did something, the passive is the way to go.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λˆ„κ°€ 무엇을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ 정말 λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€λ©΄ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:17
So maybe in this case, there was a murderer who murdered a lot of people, they don't know
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 이 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ‚΄ν•΄ν•œ μ‚΄μΈμžκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그듀은
07:23
who did it, a newspaper might use this as well.
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λˆ„κ°€ κ·Έλž¬λŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‹ λ¬Έμ—μ„œλ„ 이것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:27
A lot of people were killed.
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ£½μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:28
Who killed the people?
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λˆ„κ°€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ£½μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
07:29
We don't know.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€.
07:31
So to sum up, active voice is better for essays, for regular writing, because it's stronger,
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μš”μ•½ν•˜μžλ©΄, λŠ₯λ™νƒœλŠ” 에세이, 일반 μž‘λ¬Έμ— 더 μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λŠ₯λ™νƒœκ°€ 더 κ°•ν•˜κ³ ,
07:39
it's not vague, it's not unclear, and you're saying specifically who did something.
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λͺ¨ν˜Έν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ , λΆˆλΆ„λͺ…ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ , λˆ„κ°€ 무엇을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ ꡬ체적으둜 λ§ν•˜κ³  있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:44
The subject is important, whereas with the passive, this is the tricky one.
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μ£Όμ œκ°€ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 반면 μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ—μ„œλŠ” κΉŒλ‹€λ‘œμš΄ μ£Όμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:51
This is the one that governments love to use, and business people like to use.
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이것은 μ •λΆ€κ°€ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•˜κ³  기업인듀이 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:56
So for more practice on this, I invite you to come visit our site at www.engvid.com.
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이에 λŒ€ν•œ 더 λ§Žμ€ μ—°μŠ΅μ„ μœ„ν•΄ 저희 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ www.engvid.com을 λ°©λ¬Έν•΄ μ£Όμ‹œκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:03
We have a quiz there.
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거기에 ν€΄μ¦ˆκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:04
I invite you to do this quiz.
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이 ν€΄μ¦ˆμ— μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ„ μ΄ˆλŒ€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:07
So until next time, take care.
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그럼 λ‹€μŒ μ‹œκ°„κΉŒμ§€ λͺΈμ‘°μ‹¬ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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