English Vocabulary: 10 adjectives invented by Shakespeare

92,711 views ใƒป 2016-07-04

English with Alex


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Shake, shake, shake.
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ํ”๋“ค์–ด, ํ”๋“ค์–ด, ํ”๋“ค์–ด.
00:02
Shake, shake, shake.
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ํ”๋“ค์–ด, ํ”๋“ค์–ด, ํ”๋“ค์–ด.
00:03
William Shakespeare.
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์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด.
00:05
William Shakespeare.
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์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด.
00:07
Ow!
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์•„์•ผ!
00:08
Hey, everyone. I'm Alex. Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this lesson on learning English
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์•ˆ๋…• ๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค. ์ €๋Š” ์•Œ๋ ‰์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋ฆญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต ๊ฐ•์˜์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:14
with William Shakespeare.
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.
00:16
Today, we are going to look at some vocabulary, specifically,
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์–ดํœ˜, ํŠนํžˆ
00:22
some adjectives that are credited to William Shakespeare. Now, if you've been living under
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์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์“ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์•”๋ฒฝ ๋ฐ‘์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„์˜ค์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:29
a rock, maybe you don't know that William Shakespeare is one of the most famous English
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์˜๊ตญ
00:36
playwrights and writers in general. He has almost 2,000 words that are credited to him.
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๊ทน์ž‘๊ฐ€์ด์ž ์ž‘๊ฐ€ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ 2,000๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
This doesn't mean the words didn't exist before him, but it is definitely the first time that
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ด์ „์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
00:52
people saw them in print. So, today, we are going to look at 10 adjectives.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ธ์‡„๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ฒ˜์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ 10๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
Now, what was cool about William Shakespeare is that he would take verbs, he would take
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์ž, ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด์˜ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€
01:04
nouns, and he would just mash them together. And if a word, you know, didn't exist that
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์œผ๊นจ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์žฅ๋ฉด์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ผˆ๋˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:12
he needed that he really felt would make the scene that was necessary for the dialogue,
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01:18
he created it. So, what we're going to do is look at some of those words now. Let me
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
put my book down, and we can begin.
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๋‚ด ์ฑ…์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“๊ณ  ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
Okay, number one: "lackluster". So, this will also be a pronunciation lesson for you guys.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ: "๋ถ€์กฑํ•จ". ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
Repeat after me: "lackluster". Okay. "Lackluster" means something is without vitality, without
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค : "๋ถ€์กฑํ•จ". ์ข‹์•„์š”. "Lackluster"๋Š” ํ™œ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
01:45
brilliance, or without spirit or life. So, a movie can be lackluster, a performance in
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๊ด‘์ฑ„๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ •์‹ ์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ‹๋ฐ‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์˜ํ™” ์† ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
01:52
a movie can be lackluster, or on stage. An experience can be lackluster, or a presentation
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๋ฐ‹๋ฐ‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ฌด๋Œ€ ์œ„์—์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ‹๋ฐ‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ๋ถ€์‹คํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์ด
02:00
can be lackluster. Many other things can be lackluster, but these are some common examples.
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๋ถ€์‹คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ถ€์ง„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
And again, the examples I will give you today will be the most common ones that are associated
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ค„ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:13
with these adjectives. So, you can say: -"How was the movie?"
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. -"์˜ํ™” ์–ด๋• ์–ด?"
02:18
-"Mm, it was lackluster."
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-"์Œ, ๋ณ„๋กœ์˜€์–ด์š”."
02:21
Okay? It didn't have enough light or life to it. "How was the performance?" if you go
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๋น›์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒ๋ช…๋ ฅ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "๊ณต์—ฐ์€ ์–ด๋• ์–ด?"
02:28
to see a stage play, a Cirque du Soleil. Cirque du Soleil is never lackluster, but imagine,
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์—ฐ๊ทน์„ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋ฉด, Cirque du Soleil. Cirque du Soleil์€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋ถ€์ง„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
02:35
you know, maybe the performers on that day, they were all sick, and there were lots of
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๊ทธ๋‚ ์˜ ๊ณต์—ฐ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•„ํŒ ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€
02:40
accidents. That might be entertaining, but anyway, you can say: "It was lackluster."
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์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์จŒ๋“  "๋ถ€์ง„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์—๋Š”
02:47
There wasn't enough vitality, enough spirit, enough life in it.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ํ™œ๋ ฅ, ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ •์‹ , ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ƒ๋ช…์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
Next: "cold-blooded", so you see the word "cold", you see the word "blood", Shakespeare
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๋‹ค์Œ: "cold-blooded", ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "cold"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "blood"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด๋Š” "
02:59
took the word "blood" and added "ed" to it, and basically turned a noun, "blood", into
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blood"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€ "ed"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ "blood"๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
an adjective. "Cold-blooded". "Cold-blooded" means without emotion.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ. "๋ƒ‰ํ˜ˆ". "Cold-blooded"๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
So, a killer, a criminal, a murderer, or a villain.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ด์ธ์ž, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž, ์‚ด์ธ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ์•…๋‹น.
03:20
A villain is the opposite of a hero. Now, you might think:
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์•…๋‹น์€ ์˜์›…์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
03:25
"When am I ever going to use this word?" Well, this word is very common in crime dramas,
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"์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”
03:32
like CSI or like Law & Order, or in movies where there are killers and murderers. A very
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CSI๋‚˜ Law & Order์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‚ด์ธ์ž์™€ ์‚ด์ธ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ
03:41
happy topic. It's why I'm wearing all black today.
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ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์˜ฌ๋ธ”๋ž™๋งŒ ์ž…์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:44
So, next, we have "worthless". "Worthless" means without value; zero, nada, zilch. Okay?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ "๋ฌด๊ฐ€์น˜"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ฌด๊ฐ€์น˜ํ•œ"์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋กœ, ๋‚˜๋‹ค, ์งˆ์น˜. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
03:55
If something is worthless, it has no value. An object can be worthless. An effort to do
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€
04:02
something can be worthless. An idea, you might say, is worthless. It can't be used. It has
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๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
no use. So, for example, I have a rock, and this rock has no value. And we say the rock
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์•„๋ฌด ์†Œ์šฉ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋Œ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด ๋Œ์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€
04:20
is worthless. Or if you're in a fight and in the fight you have a feather... Does...?
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๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊นƒํ„ธ์ด... ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ...?
04:28
You know, does a feather have any use in a fight? Say:
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๊นƒํ„ธ์ด ์‹ธ์›€์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์†Œ์šฉ์ด ์žˆ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
04:31
"No, this is worthless. I can't use this to fight", unless it's a very sharp feather, maybe.
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"์•„๋‹ˆ, ์ด๊ฑด ์“ธ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด. ๋‚œ ์ด๊ฑธ ์‹ธ์›€์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์•„์ฃผ ๋‚ ์นด๋กœ์šด ๊นƒํ„ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด์š”.
04:38
Next: "tranquil". Now, "tranquil" means-breathe-peaceful,
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๋‹ค์Œ: "์กฐ์šฉํ•œ". ์ด์ œ "tranquil"์€ ์ˆจ์„ ์‰ฌ๋‹ค-ํ‰ํ™”๋กœ์šด,
04:46
calm, serene. Okay? So, a place, usually,
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์ฐจ๋ถ„ํ•œ, ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฅ์†Œ๋Š”
04:52
we say is tranquil. An experience or a feeling that you have can be tranquil as well. So,
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๊ณ ์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด๋‚˜ ๋Š๋‚Œ๋„ ๊ณ ์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฐ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๋ช…์ƒ
05:00
if I go to, you know, a place to meditate on top of a mountain and I am at peace with
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์žฅ์†Œ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ
05:08
everything, the mood is tranquil. Okay? This is also where we get
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ‰ํ™”๋กญ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๊ณ ์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
05:15
tranquilizer darts-right?-that make someone
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ
05:21
just fall down, and be calm, and fall asleep. So, that's "tranquil".
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๋„˜์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ง„์ •์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์ž ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง„์ •์ œ ๋‹คํŠธ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
And next: "premeditated". So, I talked about crime dramas before, and murder, and death,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์€ "๊ณ„ํš"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „์—๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ, ์‚ด์ธ, ์ฃฝ์Œ,
05:35
and criminals, and killers. In crime dramas, you might also hear this word a lot. So, if
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž, ์‚ด์ธ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ์—์„œ๋„ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
05:42
something is premeditated, it is planned in advanced. So, a murder, typically, we use
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์‚ฌ์ „์— ๊ณ„ํš๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์ „์— ๊ณ„ํš๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ด์ธ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
05:49
this term with, "premeditated", and an action, in general, can be premediated. You might
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"๊ณ„ํš๋œ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™์€ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ๊ณ„ํš๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
also hear it in the news, where the police might say: "We believe the murder was premeditated."
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ด์ธ์ด ๊ณ„ํš๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‰ด์Šค์—์„œ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
It means that it was planned in advance; it was not an accident.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ๊ณ„ํš๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
Let's look at five more words.
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5๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
Next, we have: "flawed". "A flaw" is an imperfection,
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ "๊ฒฐํ•จ"์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "A fault"๋Š” ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:16
"a flaw" is a noun. Now, here, we add "ed",
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"a fault"๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "ed"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
suddenly, like magic, it's an adjective. So, "flawed" means imperfect; not perfect, there
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋งˆ์ˆ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "๊ฒฐํ•จ"์€ ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
is something wrong. So, a flawed design for a computer or a car, a flawed argument. So,
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋‚˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ , ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
06:38
if I say: "If you smoke cigarettes, you will do heroin." What? That doesn't make sense.
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"๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šฐ๋ฉด ํ—ค๋กœ์ธ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์—‡? ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”.
06:46
That's a flawed argument. Next, a flawed idea or a flawed person. Many people believe, and
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฏฟ๊ณ 
06:55
say, and is true - everyone has flaws, things that are not perfect about them.
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๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
Next: "jaded", so if a person is jaded, or a critic, or a reviewer of movies or books
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๋‹ค์Œ: "jaded", ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‹ซ์ฆ์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋น„ํ‰๊ฐ€๋‚˜ ์˜ํ™”๋‚˜ ์ฑ…
07:13
or video games or performances is jaded, it means they are dulled due to overuse or overwork.
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, ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณต์—ฐ์˜ ํ‰๋ก ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ณค๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ณผ์šฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณผ๋กœ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋‘”ํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
Now, what this means is, you know, they are no longer passionate about what they're doing.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์—ด์ •์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
They're just: "I'm so jaded." Like, if you are a film reviewer and you have seen thousands
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ง€์ณค์–ด." ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ํ™” ํ‰๋ก ๊ฐ€์ด๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ฒœ
07:38
of movies, and nothing surprises you anymore, you just feel jaded, you're like:
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ํŽธ์˜ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๊ณ  ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋†€๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์‹ซ์ฆ์ด ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:43
"I'm just jaded. I've seen too much, too many movies. I don't have the passion anymore." Okay?
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์—ด์ •์ด ์—†๋‹ค." ์ข‹์•„์š”?
07:51
"Countless". "Countless" means numerous, not able to be counted, a very high number. So,
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"์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”". '์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
08:00
there can be countless reasons to do something or not to do something. A person can have
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ผ์„
08:06
countless ideas at work for how to improve things. Objects, any object; countless chairs,
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๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ฐ์ฒด, ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ์ฒด; ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์˜์ž,
08:14
countless tables, countless people, even. Okay? Not thinking that people are objects;
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๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ•œ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”, ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
"people" is another category, putting over here.
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"์‚ฌ๋žŒ"์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:25
"Deafening", so think of "deaf". "Deaf" means you are not able to hear. If something is
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"๊ท€๋จธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ", ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๊ท€๋จธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ"๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. "Deaf"๋Š” ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท€๊ฐ€
08:34
deafening, it can make you deaf, which means it's extremely loud. So, typically we think
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๋จน๋จนํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๊ท€๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋จนํ•ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
08:44
of as: "Turn that off, turn that off. It's deafening." The music is deafening. A sound
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"๊บผ์ ธ, ๊บผ ์ค˜. ๊ท€๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋จนํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„."๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ์•…์ด ๊ท€๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋จนํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท€๊ฐ€
08:50
can be deafening. If you hear a big crash or a big clap, or something like that... Like,
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๋จน๋จนํ•  ์ •๋„์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฐ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐ•์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋ฉด... ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
08:58
if you have headphones, turn them down right now, or...
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ํ—ค๋“œํฐ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ณผ๋ฅจ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ฑฐ๋‚˜...
09:02
[Claps]
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[Claps] ๊ท€๊ฐ€
09:03
That's deafening. Deafening.
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๋จน๋จนํ•  ์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ์Œ.
09:05
Okay? It's extremely loud. And here, I put a star beside "silence", now, this is more
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋งค์šฐ ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ "์นจ๋ฌต" ์˜†์— ๋ณ„ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
09:12
of the poetic way to say something is deafening. This is also a lyric from one of the bands
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๊ท€๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋จนํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์— ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
09:19
I used to like when I was in high school called the Matthew Good Band. One of the lyrics is:
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๋•Œ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ฐด๋“œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ Matthew Good Band์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
09:25
"Your silence is deafening." So, if someone does not speak to you in a relationship, you're like:
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"๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์นจ๋ฌต์€ ๊ท€๋จธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€
09:32
"Your silence is, you know, driving me crazy. It's really loud silence."
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"๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์นจ๋ฌต์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ •๋ง ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ์นจ๋ฌต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:37
And next: "lonely", sad due to being alone or depressed because you are alone. So, a
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ "์™ธ๋กœ์›€", ํ˜ผ์ž์—ฌ์„œ ์Šฌํ”„ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜ผ์ž์—ฌ์„œ ์šฐ์šธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
09:45
lonely person, a lonely feeling. If you take a trip by yourself, a vacation. Say:
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์™ธ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์™ธ๋กœ์šด ๋Š๋‚Œ. ํ˜ผ์ž ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ํœด๊ฐ€. ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
-"How was your vacation?" -"It was kind of lonely. I realized I need other people."
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-"ํœด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์–ด๋• ์–ด?" -"์ข€ ์™ธ๋กœ์› ์–ด์š”. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์–ด์š”."
10:00
Okay, let's look at these words one more time just to focus on the pronunciation.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค .
10:06
To practice your pronunciation, just repeat after me. Ready?
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๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋œ?
10:12
"Lackluster",
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"๋ถ€์ง„ํ•จ",
10:17
"cold-blooded",
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"๋ƒ‰ํ˜ˆ",
10:23
"worthless",
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"๋ฌด๊ฐ€์น˜ํ•จ", "์กฐ์šฉํ•จ"
10:29
"tranquil",
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10:34
"premeditated",
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, "๊ณ„ํš์ ", "๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด
10:40
"flawed",
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์žˆ๋Š”", "์ง€์น ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์นœ"
10:45
"jaded",
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,
10:51
"countless",
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"๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ•œ",
10:55
"deafening",
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"๊ท€๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋จนํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€",
11:00
"lonely".
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"์™ธ๋กœ์šด".
11:04
Okay. So, we looked at 10 words from Shakespeare today.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด์˜ 10๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
Now, these words are a little more
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์ž, ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์€ ์ข€ ๋”
11:13
advanced, and high-intermediate, so you can use them and you'll hear them and read them
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๊ณ ๊ธ‰์ด๊ณ  ์ค‘๊ธ‰์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
11:19
in books, in movies, and some of them in TV shows, and you can use, obviously, a word
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์ฑ…, ์˜ํ™”, TV ์‡ผ์—์„œ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:27
like "lonely", like "deafening", like "countless", like most of them, in an everyday conversation,
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"lonely", "deafening", "countless"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด
11:34
and people will know what you're saying.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
But a lot of them are more based in text, or in film, or in news.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ…์ŠคํŠธ, ์˜ํ™” ๋˜๋Š” ๋‰ด์Šค์— ๋” ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
So, again, William Shakespeare is responsible for a lot of plays,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด๋Š” ํ–„๋ฆฟ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์žˆ๋˜ ์ฑ…์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ทน์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
including the book I had at the start of this video called Hamlet,
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11:52
and if you'd like to, you know, get a copy of the book,
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11:56
you can get it at Amazon.
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์•„๋งˆ์กด์—์„œ. ์˜ค๋””์˜ค ๋ฒ„์ „์—
11:58
If you're interested in getting an audio version,
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๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹  ๋ถ„์€
12:01
we have a partnership with www.audible.com, so for a free 30-day trial, a free download
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www.audible.com๊ณผ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์‹ญ์„ ๋งบ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ 30์ผ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํŒ, ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ถ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
12:08
of an audio book, you can check out the link attached to this video.
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค์— ์ฒจ๋ถ€๋œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:12
And if you'd like to donate to engVid and support the site, you can do that at this link as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  engVid์— ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ๋งํฌ์—์„œ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
So, until next time, thanks for clicking,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ
12:22
and I'll see you guys later. Bye.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋”ฐ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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