Speaking English - How to talk about what you want - Expressing Preference

286,334 views ใƒป 2010-05-02

English with Alex


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hey, this is Alex.
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ใญใˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
00:07
Thanks for clicking and welcome to this lesson on preferences and how to show preferences.
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚่จญๅฎšใจ่จญๅฎšใฎ่กจ็คบๆ–นๆณ•ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:13
Okay, so what are preferences in general?
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ใงใฏ ใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใƒ—ใƒชใƒ•ใ‚กใƒฌใƒณใ‚นใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
00:15
Well, preferences refer to things you like better than other things.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ๅฅฝใฟใจใฏ ใ€ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฅฝใใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:20
So if someone asks you, "Do you like reading books or do you like watching TV?"
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ€Œ ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใฏๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ‚‰ใ€
00:28
If you want to make a general statement, you would say, "I prefer books."
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ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏๆœฌใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:34
You can also say, "I prefer reading books.
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ใ€Œ็ง
00:37
I prefer to read books."
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ใฏๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:39
So we have three different statements here to show preference, to show that we like something
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๅฅฝใฟใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎ 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅฅฝใ‚€ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆ
00:45
better than something else.
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ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:48
So we have, "I prefer," "I would prefer," and "would rather."
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฅฝใ‚€ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฅฝใ‚€ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ๅฅฝใ‚€ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:53
So it's "prefer," "would prefer," and "would rather," and they always begin with the subject.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€"prefer"ใ€"would prefer"ใ€"would rather" ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅธธใซไธป่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:59
Okay, so let's talk about "prefer."
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ใงใฏใ€ ใ€Œๅ„ชๅ…ˆใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:02
So if you say, "I prefer books," it just means, in general, in most situations, you like books
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏๆœฌใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€
01:10
compared with watching television, as we mentioned, okay?
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ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๆœฌใŒๅฅฝใใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:15
So you can say this in three different ways.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏ 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใง่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:18
One, you can follow subject, prefer, with a noun.
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1 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€ไธป่ชžใ€ prefer ใฎๅพŒใซๅ่ฉžใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:23
You can also say, "I prefer a book."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๆœฌใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:25
You can say, "I prefer reading books," so this is a gerund.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
01:29
You can say, "I prefer reading a book," as well.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:33
Or you can say, "I prefer to read books."
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ ใ€Œ็งใฏๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:36
You can say, "books," or, "I prefer to read a book," as well.
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ใ€Œๆœฌใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ€Œๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:40
So this is a general statement, a general preference that you are stating.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๅฃฐๆ˜Žใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๅฅฝใฟใงใ™ใ€‚
01:44
Okay, what about, "I would prefer?"
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ€Œ็งใŒๅฅฝใ‚€ใ‹ใ€ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:47
So what is the difference between these two?
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ใงใฏ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰2ใคใฎ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:49
Well, like we mentioned, "I prefer" is used in a general sense to talk about your general
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ‰่ฟฐใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฅฝใ‚€ใ€ใฏ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๅฅฝใฟใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
01:56
preference for something, okay?
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ใญใ€‚
01:58
So most times, you like something better than something else.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
02:03
When you say, "I would prefer," it means, in this situation, in this instance, I would
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ€Œ็งใฏๅฅฝใ‚€ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ€ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€็งใฏ
02:11
prefer this, okay?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฅฝใ‚€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
02:14
So if you go to a restaurant and the waiter asks you, "Would you like shrimp or would
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒผ ใซใ€Œใ‚ทใƒฅใƒชใƒณใƒ—ใจใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ญใฏใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒ
02:20
you like steak?"
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ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่žใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰ใ€
02:22
Well, I would prefer shrimp, okay?
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ใˆใˆใจใ€็งใฏใ‚จใƒ“ใฎๆ–นใŒ ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
02:26
So in this situation, I would like this.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใงใ€ ็งใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:29
So example, again, you can use the same formula.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐ ใ€ๅŒใ˜ๅผใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:32
I would prefer books.
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็งใฏๆœฌใฎใปใ†ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
02:34
I would prefer reading books.
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็งใฏๆœฌใ‚’โ€‹โ€‹่ชญใ‚€ใปใ†ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
02:36
I would prefer to read books in this situation, okay?
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ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใฟใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
02:40
What about, "would rather?"
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ใ€Œใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใ€ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:43
So she would rather sit on the bus.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใƒใ‚นใซๅบงใ‚ŠใŸใŒใ‚‹ใ€‚
02:48
So "would rather" does the same thing as "would prefer," except the formula is different.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€"would rather" ใฏ ใ€ๅผใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้™คใ„ใฆใ€"would prefer" ใจๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:57
So whereas here, you can have, "I would prefer," followed by a noun, a gerund, or an infinitive,
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€"I would like" ใฎ ๅพŒใซๅ่ฉžใ€ๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใ€ใพใŸใฏไธๅฎš่ฉžใ‚’
03:03
here you have to say, again, if this is a subject, subject could be I, you, he, she,
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ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ไธป่ชžใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ไธป่ชžใฏ Iใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ€ๅฝผใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ใ‹ใพใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€
03:09
it, they, we.
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ใใ‚Œใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใ€‚
03:10
We're using "she" in this case.
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:12
She would rather, plus the base verb, always, always, always, followed by the base verb.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใ€ๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใซๅŠ ใˆใฆใ€ๅธธใซใ€ ๅธธใซใ€ๅธธใซใ€ใใฎๅพŒใซๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใŒ็ถšใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:20
She would rather sit on the bus.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใƒใ‚นใซๅบงใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ€‚
03:23
Okay, now let's look at how we can form some questions using these expressions.
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ใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅผใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:28
Okay, so when we're looking at forming questions using "prefer" and "would prefer," there are
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œๅฅฝใ‚€ใ€ใจใ€Œๅฅฝใ‚€ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
03:33
a couple of formulas that we can follow to help us form these questions.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ…ฌๅผใซๅพ“ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
03:37
So, with "prefer," we use the form, the correct form of the verb "do," so we either "do" or
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œpreferใ€ใงใฏใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œdoใ€ใฎๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅฝขใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ ใŸใ‚ใ€ไธป่ชžใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€Œdoใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œdoesใ€ใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹
03:45
"does," depending on the subject.
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ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:46
So "do you," "do they," right, "they do," "you do."
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:51
So "do you" or "do they prefer rock music?"
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใƒŸใƒฅใƒผใ‚ธใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€
03:55
So "do," subject, "prefer," object, "do you prefer rock music?"
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ไธป่ชžใ€ใ€Œๅฅฝใ‚€ใ€ใ€็›ฎ็š„่ชžใ€ ใ€Œใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใƒŸใƒฅใƒผใ‚ธใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€
04:01
"Does," "does he," "does she," "she does," "he does," right?
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ใ€Œใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
04:06
Does he or does she prefer wearing sunglasses?
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ๅฝผใพใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ใ‚ตใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’็€็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฅฝใฟใพใ™ใ‹?
04:08
I don't know, maybe they think it's light all the time.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ ๅคšๅˆ†ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ปฝใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
04:15
So for "would prefer," we use "would" plus the subject, "would you," "would they," "would
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œwouldๅฅฝใ‚€ใ€ใซใฏใ€ใ€Œwouldใ€ ใจไธป่ชžใ€Œwould youใ€ใ€ใ€Œwould theyใ€ใ€ใ€Œwould
04:23
he," "would she," plus "prefer" to "stand," okay?
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heใ€ใ€ใ€Œwould sheใ€ใ€ ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ€Œstandใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ€Œpreferใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:29
"Would you," "would they," "would he," "would she."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€ใ€‚
04:32
So "would" plus subject, "prefer," object.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œwouldใ€ใจไธป่ชžใ€ ใ€Œpreferใ€ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใ€Œobjectใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:36
So "would you prefer to stand?"
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€Œ็ซ‹ใฃใŸๆ–นใŒใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
04:39
Okay, to answer these questions, it's very, very simple, just like "do you," "do they,"
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ใซใฏ ใจใฆใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€
04:45
just "yes," "I," "we," "they," "do," "yes," "he," "she," "does," "yes," and this is for
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ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ ใ€Œ็งใฏใ€ ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ ใ€Œใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ ใ€Œheใ€ใ€ใ€Œsheใ€ใ€ใ€Œdoesใ€ใ€ใ€Œyesใ€ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œdoes
04:54
"would you prefer," again, if the question is "would you prefer to stand?"
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you wantใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใ€ ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ€Œdo you want to stand?ใ€ใฎๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:59
"Yes," "I would," okay?
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ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใ€Œใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:02
So "yes," subject, and for "would prefer," we use "would" at the end, and "do" for "prefer."
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไธป่ชžใฏใ€Œใฏใ„ ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒๅธŒๆœ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ŒๅธŒๆœ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€ใ€ŒๅธŒๆœ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€Œใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:12
Okay, and if you want to say "no," again, very simple if you've studied the verb "do."
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œdoใ€ใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:17
"No, I don't."
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"ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็งใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚"
05:19
Do you prefer rock music?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒŸใƒฅใƒผใ‚ธใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:20
"No, I don't.
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ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
05:21
I prefer jazz."
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็งใฏใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚บใฎๆ–นใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
05:23
"No, he or she doesn't."
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ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฝผใพใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
05:26
Does he or she prefer jazz to rock music?
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ๅฝผใพใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฏใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚บใฎๆ–นใŒๅฅฝใ ใงใ™ใ‹?
05:30
"No, she prefers rock."
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ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๆ–นใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
05:34
Okay, when you're doing "would prefer," would you prefer to stand instead of sit, maybe
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฅฝใใ€ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ ใ€ๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚็ซ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใปใ†ใŒๅฅฝใ
05:41
on the bus?
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
05:43
You just answer with "no, I wouldn't," or "would not," right?
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ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆ ใ€ใ—ใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ—ใชใ„ใ€ใจ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
05:48
Okay, so now let's look at forming a question with "would rather."
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ ใงใฏใ€Œใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:53
Okay, and finally, when we're looking at forming questions with "would rather," we can also
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ ใ€Œใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆฌกใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใชๅผใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ
05:59
form this simple formula.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:01
So we have the sentence here, the question, "Would you rather read?"
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ใ“ใ“ ใซใ€Œ่ชญใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:05
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:06
So, we have "would" followed by the subject, followed by "rather," and then we have the
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œwouldใ€ใฎๅพŒใซไธป่ชžใŒ ็ถšใใ€ใ€Œratherใ€ใŒ็ถšใใ€ใใฎๅพŒใซๅ‹•่ฉžใŒ็ถšใ
06:12
verb.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:13
So, "Would you rather read?"
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€Œ่ชญใ‚“ใงใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
06:14
"Yes, I would," when you answer, "Yes, subject, I would," or "No, I would not."
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ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ ่ขซ้จ“่€…ใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ็ญ”ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
06:24
Now, it's very important here to look at the contraction we can make.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅŽ็ธฎใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
06:28
"I would not" can also be "I wouldn't," or "No, I would rather not."
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"I would not" ใฏใ€"I would't" ใพใŸใฏ "No, I would rather not." ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:35
So, "No, I, subject, would rather not."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็งใ€ๅฏพ่ฑก่€… ใฏใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใ—ใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
06:41
Now this can also be shortened to "No, I'd," "I would," "I'd rather not."
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ ็งใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใ—ใชใ„ใ€ใจ็Ÿญ็ธฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:48
Okay, so again, "Would you rather read?"
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ ใ€Œ่ชญใ‚“ใงใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
06:51
"Yes, I would," or "No, I would not," "No, I wouldn't," or "No, I would rather not,"
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ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใ— ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใ—
06:59
"No, I'd rather not."
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ€‚
07:01
Now, it's very important to note, you know, you might think, "Well, here you're saying
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงๆณจๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™
07:07
'I would,' 'I'd.'
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ใ€‚
07:08
How come here you can't say 'Yes, I'd'?"
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ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใ€Žใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใชใ„ ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
07:12
It's just a rule.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใ ใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
07:13
You simply can't.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ˜ใซใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:14
Okay, so you must say, "Yes, I would."
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
07:17
Okay, so to test your understanding of showing preferences with "prefer," "would prefer,"
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ใงใฏใ€ ใ€Œๅฅฝใ‚€ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฅฝใ‚€ใ€
07:23
and "would rather," please check out the quiz on www.engvid.com.
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ใ€ใ€Œใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใจใ€ใงๅ—œๅฅฝใ‚’็คบใ™ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ็†่งฃๅบฆใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ ใ€www.engvid.com ใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:27
My name is Alex.
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็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
07:28
Take care.
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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