Grammar - Giving Advice - SHOULD, OUGHT TO, HAD BETTER

520,748 views ใƒป 2009-08-29

English with Alex


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi, this is Alex, and welcome to this lesson on giving advice using "should," "ought to,"
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ ใ™ในใใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใ
00:13
and "had better."
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ใ€‚
00:14
Okay, so we use two of these kind of interchangeably, okay?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎ 2 ใคใ‚’ๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ ใญใ€‚
00:21
So "should" and "ought to," you can use in a similar fashion, whereas "had better" has
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œshouldใ€ใจใ€Œshould toใ€ ใฏๅŒๆง˜ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œhad betterใ€ใซ
00:27
a specific purpose, or is a stronger type of advice.
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ใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎ็›ฎ็š„ ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๅผทๅŠ›ใชใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
00:31
So we use "should" and "ought to" when we're trying to say something is advisable to do,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ่ณขๆ˜Žใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใจใใฏใ€"should" ใจ " should to" ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™
00:38
okay?
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ใญใ€‚
00:39
So for example, I have three sentences, all having the same kind of end goal, but the
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€3 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ„ใšใ‚Œ ใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜็จฎ้กžใฎๆœ€็ต‚็›ฎๆจ™ใ‚’
00:48
effect is different depending on if you use "should," "ought to," or "had better."
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ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅŠนๆžœใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:54
So for example, "He should call his mother."
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆฏ่ฆชใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใ€ใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚
00:58
It would be good if he called his mother, right?
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ๅฝผใŒๆฏ่ฆชใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใฎใซ ใญ๏ผŸ
01:01
It's not urgent, but it would be advisable if he called his mother.
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็ทŠๆ€ฅใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ๅฝผใฎๆฏ่ฆชใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:07
Same with "ought to."
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ใ€Œใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:08
"He ought to call his mother."
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆฏ่ฆชใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
01:11
It's advisable.
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ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:12
"He should" or "ought to" are used similarly, okay?
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ใ€ŒHe shouldใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ ใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใญใ€‚
01:17
So you can use either one, "should" or "ought to," and it will have the same effect.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œshouldใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œshould toใ€ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ๅŠนๆžœใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:22
Now, "He had better call his mother."
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆฏ่ฆชใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใ€ใ€‚
01:25
This is a much stronger type of advice, okay?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๅผทๅŠ›ใชใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚น ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ็ทŠๆ€ฅใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚น
01:28
We use "had better" when we are giving urgent advice, okay?
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ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€Œhad betterใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
01:33
So essentially what that means is, it is advice you give where if the advice is not followed,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆœฌ่ณช็š„ใซใฏ ใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใซๅพ“ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ
01:43
something bad could happen, okay?
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ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:46
So "He had better call his mother," or something bad might happen.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ŒๅฝผใฏใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใŸๆ–นใŒใ„ใ„ใ€ ใจใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:52
I'm not sure, let's say, it's a bit morbid, but if your mother is in the hospital, "He
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ็—…็š„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใŒๅ…ฅ้™ขใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰
01:58
had better call his mother," he might not get another chance.
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ใ€ใ€ŒใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใŸๆ–นใŒใ„ใ„ใ‚ˆใ€ ใจใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚นใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:03
That was a bad example, I'm sorry.
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ไพ‹ใˆใŒๆ‚ชใ ใฆใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:06
Okay, so essentially if we're looking at the form of how to structure this kind of advice,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœฌ่ณช็š„ใซใ€ ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆง‹ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ๅฝขๅผใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
02:13
we use the subject, so "I," "you," "he," "she," "it," "we," or "they," plus "should," "ought
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ไธป่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ็งใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใใ‚Œใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใŸใก " ใพใŸใฏ "they" ใซๅŠ ใˆใฆใ€"should"ใ€" should
02:22
to," "had better," and the base form of the verb.
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to"ใ€"had better" ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅŽŸๅฝขใ€‚
02:26
So let's do another example of using "should," okay?
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ใงใฏ ใ€ใ€Œshouldใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:32
Let's say, "You should study your notebook tonight."
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ใ€ŒไปŠๅคœใƒŽใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใ€ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:42
You should study your notebook tonight.
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ไปŠๅคœใฏใƒŽใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ในใ ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:45
I'm giving you advice, okay?
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ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
02:48
There is a good reason why you should study your notebook tonight.
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ไปŠๅคœใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒŽใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใซใฏๅๅˆ†ใช็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
02:53
You ought to study your notebook, means similar to "should," using "should."
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You should be study your notebook, ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใซไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:59
Whereas if I say, "You had better study your notebook tonight," I'm giving you urgent advice.
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ใ€ŒไปŠๅคœใƒŽใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ ใ‚ˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€็ทŠๆ€ฅใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:05
I am saying, "If you do not study your notebook tonight, you could fail, and you will likely
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็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ€ŒไปŠๅคœใƒŽใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ„ใจใ€ ๅคฑๆ•—ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅคฑๆ•—ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„
03:11
fail."
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ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:12
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:13
So, again, using "should" and "ought to" when giving advice, you can use them, either one,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€Œshouldใ€ใจใ€Œshould toใ€ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใ
03:20
either one is good.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:22
When you're using "had better," you're giving urgent, strong advice, saying that you had
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"had better" ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ— ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ
03:27
better do something, or else, something bad might happen.
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸๆ–นใŒใ‚ˆใ„ใ€ใ•ใ‚‚ ใชใ„ใจไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ€็ทŠๆ€ฅใงๅผทใ„ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:34
Now, let's look at how to use these in question form.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ณชๅ•ๅฝขๅผใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:41
Okay, now, when we ask questions, generally we don't want to use "ought to" or "had better."
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซ ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใ‚„ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ€ใฏไฝฟใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
03:52
It's not very common, okay?
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
03:54
So when you're asking questions using "should," well, really, you should only be using "should,"
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œshouldใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ่ณชๅ•ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€Œshouldใ€ใ ใ‘ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ในใ
04:02
okay?
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ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
04:03
"Ought to" and "had better," they sound a little awkward, and not many people use it
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ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใจใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใ€ใฏ ๅฐ‘ใ—ใŽใ“ใกใชใ่žใ“ใˆใ€ๆ—ฅๅธธใฎๆจ™ๆบ–่‹ฑ่ชžใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใฏๅคšใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
04:08
in everyday, standard English.
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ใ€‚
04:11
So when you ask a question, "Should we go shopping?"
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ€Œ่ฒทใ„็‰ฉใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่ณชๅ•ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
04:17
You answer with, "Yes, we should," or, "No, we should not."
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ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใ™ในใใงใ™ใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ™ในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ็ญ”ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:22
So you're wondering, "Well, can't I ask, 'Ought we go shopping?'"
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04:27
While technically, grammatically, you know, correct and fine, people do not speak like
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ๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใซใ‚‚ใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซใ‚‚ใ€ ๆญฃใ—ใใฆๅ•้กŒ
04:33
that anymore, really, in everyday, modern English, okay?
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ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ๆ—ฅๅธธใฎ็พไปฃ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใฏใ‚„ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:38
And one more thing that I wanted to mention, actually, well, a couple of things.
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ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใค ใ€่จ€ใ„ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:43
First off, not related to question asking, but the term "ought to," in pronunciation,
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ใพใšใ€่ณชๅ•ใจใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใฏใ€
04:50
someone might say "oughta," okay?
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใญใ€‚
04:53
So I'm going to write this down for you.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใฆใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:56
If someone is giving you advice saying, "You ought to study," so, "You ought to study,"
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ในใใ ใ€ใจใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™
05:16
so remember, "ought to" means the same thing as "should."
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ในใใ ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใฏใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใจ ๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
05:19
If someone says, "You ought to study," they might not say very properly saying, "You ought
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ในใใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ ใฏใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ในใใ ใ€ใจใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ฉๅˆ‡ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
05:24
to study."
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ใ€‚
05:25
They might say, "You oughta study," okay?
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ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใญใ€‚
05:29
So they will say it like this, "You oughta," "You oughta study," "You should study," okay?
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ในใใ ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ในใใ ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ในใใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:38
In writing, do not write this, ever, ever, ever, okay?
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ๆ›ธ้ขใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ธใ‹ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
05:43
If you are speaking, it's absolutely fine, it's accepted, people will understand that
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใฃใŸใๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ไบบใ€…ใฏ
05:48
you mean "ought to," that sound is an ambulance driving by, we ought to stop the tape, but
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ€Œใ™ในใใ ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใใฎ้Ÿณใฏๆ•‘ๆ€ฅ่ปŠใŒ้€šใ‚Š้ŽใŽใ‚‹้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™
05:57
we will keep going because we are almost finished, okay?
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ใŒใ€ใปใผ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง็ถšใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ?
06:00
So "oughta" is "ought to."
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใฏใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„
06:04
When giving unasked-for advice, okay, so no one has asked for your advice, it's nice to
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ใชใ„ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ ่ชฐใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใชใ„
06:11
use words like "I think" or "maybe," so again, if you're telling your friend that they should
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ใฎใงใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏๆ€ใ†ใ€ใ‚„ใ€ŒใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจ ใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:19
go to work because they've been staying at home a lot, you might want to say, "Phil,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ๅฎถใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒซใ€
06:28
I think you should go to work today," okay?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไป•ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:32
You're being polite, you're not saying, "You should go to work today."
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็คผๅ„€ๆญฃใ—ใใ€ใ€ŒไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไป•ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใในใใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
06:36
They did not ask for your opinion, but you're giving your opinion back, so you're saying,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
06:40
"I think you should go to work today," "Maybe you should go to work today," so you're making
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ใ€ŒไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไป•ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€ŒไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไป•ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใในใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
06:47
it softer for them, okay?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
06:51
If you'd like to do a quiz on these, please check out www.engvid.com, okay?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€www.engvid.com ใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:57
Once again, my name is Alex, thanks for watching.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚น ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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