WHO | WHOM | WHOSE | WHO'S - Important English Grammar Lesson!

447,795 views ใƒป 2022-05-20

English with Lucy


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
- Hello, lovely students.
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- ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ•™์ƒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
00:01
And welcome back to English with Lucy.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Lucy์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:03
Today, I've got a really important grammar video for you.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
We're going to talk about who, whom, who's and whose.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ, ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ, ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
Which one do we use and when?
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:15
This is a topic that confuses even native English speakers.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์กฐ์ฐจ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:19
We are going to cover all of the usages today.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
And to go along with this lesson, I have created a free PDF.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
It contains everything we're going to talk about today,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ
00:29
plus a quiz, so you can put what you learned today
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๊ณผ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„
00:32
into practise.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
If you would like to download that free PDF,
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
00:36
just click on the link in the description box,
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์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ 
00:39
enter your name and your email address.
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์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
00:41
You sign up to my mailing list
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๋‚ด ๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด
00:43
and the PDF and quiz will automatically arrive
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PDF์™€ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์€ ํŽธ์ง€ํ•จ์— ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:46
in your inbox.
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.
00:47
After that, every week you'll receive my free lesson PDFs
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๊ทธ ํ›„ ๋งค์ฃผ ๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š”
00:51
along with all of my news, course updates and offers.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋‰ด์Šค, ๊ณผ์ • ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ๋ฐ ์ œ์•ˆ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
It's a free service and you can unsubscribe at any time.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์ด๋ฉฐ ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋…์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
Let's get started with the lesson.
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์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:59
As I said, if you can master this,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:01
you'll be ahead of many native speakers.
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๋งŽ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ž์„œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
I'm pretty sure if you walked up to a native speaker
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ธธ์—์„œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์„œ
01:07
in the street, and I don't recommend you do this,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
01:09
and you ask them the differences between these words,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:13
a lot of them would be quite confused.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
So let's do this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
01:16
We'll start with who and whom.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์™€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
This confuses so many people, but once you know the rules,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋‹จ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์•Œ๋ฉด
01:22
they're quite easy to use.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
And pleasantly, the rule is actually quite simple,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ์พŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทœ์น™์€
01:28
unlike many English rules.
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๋งŽ์€ ์˜์–ด ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
The difference between who and whom
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who์™€ who์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š”
01:32
is the same as the difference between I and me,
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๋‚˜์™€ ๋‚˜,
01:35
he and him, she and her, and they and them.
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๊ทธ์™€ ๊ทธ, ๊ทธ๋…€์™€ ๊ทธ๋…€, ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.
01:40
Who is a subject pronoun like I,
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Who๋Š” I์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ ,
01:45
whom is an object pronoun like me.
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which๋Š” me์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชฉ์  ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
This all sounds very grammatical,
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ
01:51
so let's take a look at some examples
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๋ฏ€๋กœ
01:54
to clear up any doubts.
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์˜์‹ฌ์„ ์—†์• ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
We have "who".
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๋ˆ„๊ตฌ"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
It's a subject pronoun.
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์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
It refers to the person
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02:00
who is doing the action, the subject.
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ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์ฃผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚จ๋‹ค.
02:03
Who is coming to the party? Who lives here?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์™€์š” ? ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ?
02:07
If you want to check, if you're using who correctly
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02:10
in these sorts of sentences, try answering the question
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ who๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:14
with another subject pronoun.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ์ œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:16
Who is coming to the party?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์™€์š”?
02:17
She is coming to the party.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
You wouldn't say, her is coming to the party.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์˜จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
Who lives here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ?
02:23
They live here.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค.
02:25
You wouldn't say, them live here.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
02:27
That's a good quick fix to check,
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ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:30
if you're using this in the right way.
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.
02:31
We also use who in indirect questions
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ณธ ์ง์ ‘ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๊ณผ
02:34
along with the direct questions that we saw just now,
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— who๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
do you know who is coming with us?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜ค๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:38
Could you tell me who that woman is?
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๊ทธ ์—ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ค„๋ž˜?
02:41
And we use who in relative clauses.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„์‚ฌ์ ˆ์—์„œ who๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
These are clauses that tell us more
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:45
about a person or a thing.
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. ๋‰ด์š•
02:47
My sister, who lives in New York, is a doctor.
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์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ์€ ์˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
In relative clauses, we use relative pronouns
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๊ด€๊ณ„์‚ฌ์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š”
02:53
to refer to the person or the thing.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
And in relative clauses, who is the relative pronoun,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ด€๊ณ„์‚ฌ์ ˆ์—์„œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ who๋Š”
03:00
who is a relative pronoun that we use to refer
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:02
to the subject of the clause.
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.
03:04
To check if you're using this relative clause correctly,
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์ด ๊ด€๊ณ„์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
03:08
you can remove it and see if the sentence still makes sense.
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์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
My sister is a doctor.
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์ œ ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ์€ ์˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
It makes sense.
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๋ง๋œ๋‹ค.
03:15
You can also isolate the who clause
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๋˜ํ•œ who ์ ˆ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ
03:18
and insert she,
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ํ•˜๊ณ  she,
03:19
she lives in New York.
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she lives in New York์„ ์‚ฝ์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
Another example,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋กœ,
03:22
she's the teacher who told me I would fail maths!
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์— ์‹คํŒจํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
03:26
We can replace who with she, and isolate it.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋…€๋กœ ๊ต์ฒดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฉ๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:29
She told me I would fail maths!
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์— ์‹คํŒจํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
03:31
It still works. We're using it correctly.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
And finally, who is used in reported speech.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
She told me who was coming.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š”์ง€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
They asked, who was arriving first.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋จผ์ € ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
There is so much more to say about reported speech.
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๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•  ๋ง์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
So if you feel you need to brush up
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
03:47
on your reported speech skills and understanding,
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๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ดํ•ด๋ ฅ์„ ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์„ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•ด๋‹น ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
03:50
then I have another video dedicated to the topic.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:53
I've left a link in the description box.
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์„ค๋ช…๋ž€์— ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
Now, let's move on to the topic of "whom".
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์ด์ œ "๋ˆ„๊ตฌ"๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:59
This is the word that really gets people confused.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ •๋ง ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
As we said, it's an object pronoun.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ๋ชฉ์  ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
It receives the action of the sentence.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
Let's take a look at a sentence with an object pronoun.
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๊ฐ์ฒด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
She went to the park with him.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณต์›์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
04:13
Him, there, is the object pronoun.
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Him์€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
Now, if you wanted to know who her companion was,
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋™๋ฐ˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:19
you could say, whom,
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04:21
whom did she go to the park with?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณต์›์— ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:23
Another example, whom would you prefer to have as manager?
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๋กœ ๋‘๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:27
How can you check if this is correct?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:29
Well, by answering the question with another object pronoun.
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์Œ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ์ฒด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ.
04:33
I would prefer to have her as a manager.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๋กœ ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Whom? Her.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ? ๊ทธ๋…€์˜.
04:37
You can't say I'd prefer to have she as a manager, it's her.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๋กœ ๋‘๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
So we use whom.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
Now, in real life conversations,
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์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ƒํ™œ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ
04:45
native English speakers tend to neglect who,
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์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ who๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:49
and that's okay.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
It's seen as very old fashioned,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์‹์ด๊ณ 
04:52
as very formal, and to be quite honest,
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๋งค์šฐ ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ
04:56
most native speakers don't understand it.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
In fact, before I started teaching English
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ 
05:00
and learning how to use grammar,
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š”
05:02
I personally didn't understand it myself.
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
You'd be much more likely to hear,
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05:06
who would you rather have as a manager?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๋กœ ๋‘๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:08
Don't stress yourself out about the word "whom".
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"๋ˆ„๊ตฌ"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:12
Use it if you like the sound of it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:14
If you like to sound formal and a little bit old fashioned,
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ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ณ  ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ์‹์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:16
lots of people do like that,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ข‹์•„
05:18
but it's perfectly fine to not use it.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
I always think that it's really nice
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์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ
05:22
to understand these things,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
05:24
and then you have a choice about whether you use it or not.
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์‚ฌ์šฉ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
Another thing about whom is that we should always use it
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ
05:29
with a preposition, for example,
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
05:32
whom did you give that present to
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who did you give that present to
05:34
or to whom did you give that present?
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๋˜๋Š” who did you give that present?
05:36
Well, that does sound very posh.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜ธํ™”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
Whom are you cooking dinner for?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €๋…์„ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:39
Or for whom are you cooking dinner?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €๋…์„ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”
05:41
The second version of those questions
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฒ„์ „์€
05:43
with the preposition at the beginning
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05:45
is technically more grammatically correct,
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ์ •ํ™•
05:48
but you are not going to hear many native English speakers
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด
05:51
using this.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
Most wouldn't ask a question like this
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:54
in normal conversation.
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.
05:55
You might hear it in an old fashioned drama
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05:58
like Bridgerton or Downton Abbey,
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Bridgerton ๋˜๋Š” Downton Abbey์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตฌ์‹ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ์—์„œ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜
06:02
but it's not how we speak in modern daily life.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์ผ์ƒ ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
We would simply say, who did you give that present to?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทธ ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:07
Who are you cooking dinner for?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €๋…์„ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ ˆ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ
06:09
We can also use whom in relative clauses
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๊ด€๊ณ„์ ˆ์—์„œ who๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:12
when we are referring to the object of the clause.
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. ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ
06:15
Julio, whom we met on the plane, is Spanish.
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์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚œ Julio๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
Whom is the object of met,
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๋งŒ๋‚œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ๊ฐ€,
06:20
we met Julio, or we met him.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
06:23
If the relative clause includes a preposition,
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๊ด€๊ณ„์‚ฌ์ ˆ์— ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
06:25
we use whom.
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who๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
Tanya is the woman from whom I received a letter.
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Tanya๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
Oh my Lord,
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์˜ค ๋งˆ์ด ๊ฐ“, ์ €
06:31
that sounds like an incredibly formal sentence to me.
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์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
I know so many of you want to learn
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์ €๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด
06:36
to use the word, whom, I've been asked about it
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๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:38
a hell of a lot.
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.
06:39
It's not a useless word.
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์“ธ๋ฐ์—†๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
It's good to understand it in films.
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์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
It's nice to use it if you want to sound formal,
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ํฌ๋ฉ€ํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ,
06:48
and if you want to sound a bit posh.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํฌ์‰ฌํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
It's a good word to use correctly in written English,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„œ๋ฉด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
you could really impress an examiner.
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์‹œํ—˜๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ ๊นŠ์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
Let's take a look at a few more examples
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06:58
of who and whom together before we move on to
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07:01
who's and whose.
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who's์™€ who๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— who์™€ who๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
Who made this delicious cake?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ง›์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?
07:05
He made this delicious cake.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด ๋ง›์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
Whom are you going to Greece with?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:08
Or with whom are you going to Greece?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:10
I'm going to Greece with him, object pronoun.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์— ๊ฐ„๋‹ค , ๊ฐ์ฒด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ.
07:13
She has a daughter who is a pilot.
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๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ์ธ ๋”ธ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
Her daughter, to whom she is very close, is a pilot.
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๊ทธ๋…€์™€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋”ธ์€ ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
Remember, if you want to see more examples
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ 
07:22
and practise on your own and take exercise questions,
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์—ฐ์Šต ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:25
download that PDF.
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ํ•ด๋‹น PDF๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:26
The link is in the description box.
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๋งํฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…๋ž€์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
Okay. Let's move on to the good part.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ข‹์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
07:30
We have a really quick fix here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ •๋ง ๋น ๋ฅธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
"Who's" as in apostrophe S,
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"Who's"๋Š” ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ S์™€ ๊ฐ™๊ณ 
07:35
and "whose" as in "se".
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"whose"๋Š” "se"์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
Both of these words are versions of the word, who.
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์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ who๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋ฒ„์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
Who's with an apostrophe S is a contraction.
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Who's with ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ S๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
It's a contraction of the words who is or who has.
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who is ๋˜๋Š” who have์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
Whose with an "se" is a possessive pronoun
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"se"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” Whose๋Š”
07:54
like his or mine, whose.
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his ๋˜๋Š” mine๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
Listen to the pronunciation of these two words,
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08:00
who's, whose.
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who's, who์˜ ์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:04
Who's, whose, do you notice the difference?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜, ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜, ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
08:07
Because there shouldn't be one.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ์—†์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
They are pronounced in exactly the same way.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
It's just the spelling that's different.
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์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
08:13
These words are homophones.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์€ ๋™์Œ์ด์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ ์ž๋Š”
08:15
They're spelled differently,
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๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
08:16
but they have the same pronunciation.
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๋ฐœ์Œ์€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
Let's take a closer look at who's with apostrophe S,
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who's with apostrophe S๋ฅผ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
as I said, it's a contraction of who is, who's,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ who is, who's
08:26
or who has, who's.
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๋˜๋Š” who have, who's์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
You should be able to tell from the context of a sentence
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08:31
whether that apostrophe S is,
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์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ S๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€,
08:34
is or has.
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์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์—์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
Who's that man sitting over there?
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์ €๊ธฐ ์•‰์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์ € ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ง€?
08:39
Who is that man sitting over there?
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์ €๊ธฐ ์•‰์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์ € ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ง€?
08:41
Who's been to Paris before?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ „์— ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:43
Who has been to Paris before?
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์ „์— ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:44
We use who's a lot in questions.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— who's a lot์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
We can also use it in normal sentences,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
like these,
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08:50
that's the lecturer who's giving a talk later on.
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that's the ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ who's give a later to later.
08:53
Who is giving a talk later on.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
She's the person who's been sending me all of those letters!
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๊ทธ ๋งŽ์€ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ
08:59
Who has been sending me all of those letters!
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ !
09:02
And finally, whose with "se",
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ "se"์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์†ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋•Œ
09:04
we most often use this in sentences
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:08
when we are asking to whom something belongs,
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09:12
bonus example of whom there.
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.
09:15
Whose dog is that? Whose cupcakes are these?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜ ์ปต์ผ€์ดํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:18
You can answer both of these questions
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09:20
with the possessive pronoun, my.
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์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ my๋กœ ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
That is my dog. Those are my cupcakes.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‚ด ๊ฐœ์•ผ. ๋‚ด ์ปต์ผ€์ดํฌ์•ผ.
09:26
And there you have it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
Who, whom, who's and whose.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€, ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ, ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜.
09:30
You should now understand how to use them correctly.
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์ด์ œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
Some of that information, especially the part about whom
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๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
09:38
is actually quite complex.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋ณต์žกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
So we have created that lesson PDF.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
It's got everything in there in writing.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
You can take it at your own pace,
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง„๋„์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜
09:46
and you can take the quiz at the end of it to check
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
09:49
that you've fully understand what we've spoken about today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
If you'd like to download that free PDF and quiz,
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF์™€ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
09:55
click on the link in the description box,
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์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ 
09:56
enter your name and your email address,
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์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•œ
09:59
and you sign up my mailing list.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ด ๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:00
The PDF will arrive directly in your inbox.
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PDF๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์€ ํŽธ์ง€ํ•จ์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋„์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
That's it today's lesson. I hope you enjoyed it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
And I hope you learned something.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์› ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media.
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๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:10
I've got my Instagram, EnglishwithLucy my English Instagram,
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๋‚ด Instagram, EnglishwithLucy ๋‚ด ์˜์–ด Instagram,
10:14
and @Lucy, my personal Instagram.
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@Lucy ๋‚ด ๊ฐœ์ธ Instagram์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
I've also got my website englishwithlucy.co.uk,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ englishwithlucy.co.uk๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:21
where I've got a fantastic pronunciation tool.
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.
10:24
It's a phonemic chart, and you can click on the phonemes,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์Œ์†Œ ์ฐจํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด
10:28
hear me pronounce those phonemes
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์Œ์†Œ
10:29
and words that contain those phonemes.
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์™€ ๊ทธ ์Œ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
I've also got my logging channel, Lucy Bella,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜๊ตญ ์‹œ๊ณจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด ๋กœ๊น… ์ฑ„๋„์ธ Lucy Bella๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:34
where you can follow our lives here
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10:35
in the English countryside.
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10:37
And importantly, every single vlog is fully subtitled,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ธŒ์ด๋กœ๊ทธ์— ์ž๋ง‰์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด
10:41
so that you can use them for listening practise
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต
10:43
and expanding your vocabulary.
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๊ณผ ์–ดํœ˜ ํ™•์žฅ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Englishwithlucy.co.uk/courses์—์„œ
10:46
You can also check out my English courses,
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์ œ ์˜์–ด ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:48
that's englishwithlucy.co.uk/courses.
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.
10:51
There are lots there to choose from.
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์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
I will see you soon for another lesson,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณง ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
but don't feel pressured to use it because seriously,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์••๋ฐ•๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
10:58
we just don't.
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.
11:00
Delete that.
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์‚ญ์ œํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
11:02
I can't believe I managed to turn whom
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ ์—ฐ์„ค๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค
11:03
into a motivational speech.
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11:06
You have a choice. Julio, Julio, Julio.
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์„ ํƒ๊ถŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ›Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ค, ํ›Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ค, ํ›Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ค.
11:10
If the relative clause includes.
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๊ด€๊ณ„์‚ฌ์ ˆ์ด ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ.
11:13
Are versions of the word who, what about whom?
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who, what about who๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋ฒ„์ „์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:16
What about who's?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:18
You can answer both of these questions
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจ๋‘ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ oh๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:20
with the possessive, oh.
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11:22
English country-sided, country-sided.
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์˜์–ด ์‹œ๊ณจ, ์‹œ๊ณจ.
11:26
Think of my challenge.
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๋‚˜์˜ ๋„์ „์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
11:30
Right. Okay. 27 minutes. Not too bad.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ. ์ข‹์•„์š”. 27๋ถ„. ๋‚˜์˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„.
11:34
(gentle lively music)
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(๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ํ™œ๊ธฐ์ฐฌ ์Œ์•…)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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