Advanced English Grammar: Clauses

731,337 views ใƒป 2022-09-29

English with Lucy


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
- Hello, lovely students,
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- ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ•™์ƒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„,
00:01
and welcome back to "English with Lucy".
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"English with Lucy"์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:05
Today we've got a grammar lesson.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
We are going back to basics.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
We're going to discuss a topic
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:12
that many learners of English miss
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๋งŽ์€ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์ด ๋†“์นœ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
and then they go through their lives
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ
00:18
without understanding this one
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์ด ์ ˆ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:20
really important thing, clauses.
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.
00:24
In fact, many native speakers go through their lives
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋งŽ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด
00:27
without understanding clauses.
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์ ˆ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
Not today, it ends here.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
In this video, I'm going to explain to you what are clauses,
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ๋Š” ์ ˆ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€,
00:37
why they're important,
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์™œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€,
00:39
and how understanding the function of clauses
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ˆ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:41
will help you to improve your English.
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์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
Before we get started, as always there
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด
00:47
is a free PDF that goes with today's lesson.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
And I will say,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š”
00:51
today's is highly important
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00:54
because clauses are such an overlooked topic.
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์ ˆ์ด ๊ฐ„๊ณผ๋˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
The PDF contains lesson notes
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PDF์—๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜ ๋…ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด
00:59
on everything we're going to cover today,
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01:02
and there are exercises so you can put what you've learned
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„
01:06
into practise and really get it fixed in your mind.
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์‹คํ–‰์— ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ์ƒˆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
If you would like to download this free PDF,
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์ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
01:13
all you've got to do is click
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01:15
on the link in the description box.
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์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
You enter your name and your email address.
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์ด๋ฆ„ ๊ณผ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
You sign up my mailing list
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๋‚ด ๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด
01:21
and the PDF will arrive directly in your inbox.
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PDF๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์€ ํŽธ์ง€ํ•จ์— ์ง์ ‘ ๋„์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
After that, you've joined my free-PDF club.
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๊ทธ ํ›„, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF ํด๋Ÿฝ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
You will automatically receive my weekly free PDFs
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01:32
alongside all of my news offers and updates.
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๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‰ด์Šค ์ œ์•ˆ ๋ฐ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‚ด ์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF๋ฅผ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
You can unsubscribe it any time.
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์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋…์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
Introducing my 30-day advanced grammar challenge.
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์ €์˜ 30์ผ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
30 days, 30 lessons,
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30์ผ, 30๊ฐœ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…,
01:52
15 of the most frustrating grammar topics solved,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฃผ์ œ 15๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
with me in my 15 grammar videos
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์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ 15๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋น„๋””์˜ค
02:01
and my interactive activities
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์™€ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ˜• ํ™œ๋™
02:03
and our private advanced grammar community.
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๋ฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
To participate in this challenge,
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์ด ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
02:09
you need to be working towards a B2 level or higher.
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B2 ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ ์ด์ƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
That's intermediate plus.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
Take a look at the course programme.
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์ฝ”์Šค ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
02:18
You receive a video lesson from me
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ๋ฐ›์€
02:21
and then you do some exercises.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
Then on the next day, you receive a big exercise pack
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ ์—๋Š” ํฐ ์šด๋™ ํŒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ 
02:27
and we practise what you've learned in the previous days.
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์ด์ „์— ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
We constantly review what you've previously learned
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
02:34
to really keep those grammar rules in your head
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์— ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด์ „์— ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:37
so that you can retain them and boost your memory.
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.
02:41
You can choose how you take this challenge.
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์ด ๋„์ „์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
You can take one lesson every day for 30 days
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30์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งค์ผ ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ
02:47
or you could choose to do one lesson every other day
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๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:51
to fit around your busy lifestyle or work.
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๋ฐ”์œ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์—…๋ฌด์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฉ์ผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
You just need to dedicate 15 to 20 minutes of time per day
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 15~20๋ถ„๋งŒ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€
02:58
and you will master these 15 grammar topics
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์ด 15๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:02
by the end of the challenge.
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.
03:03
When you reach day 30, you will have a final exam.
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30์ผ์ด ๋˜๋ฉด ์ตœ์ข… ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์น˜๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
You'll get your result,
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ 
03:09
and you will get a digital certificate of completion.
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๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์ˆ˜๋ฃŒ์ฆ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:13
The best part of this course,
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์ ์€
03:14
in my humble opinion,
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03:16
is the access to the grammar community
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03:20
when you enrol.
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๋“ฑ๋กํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์— ์•ก์„ธ์Šคํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
You have 45 days access to the community
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03:24
where you can interact
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03:26
with my teachers and request feedback and help.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ณผ ๊ต๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ๊ณผ ๋„์›€์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์— 45์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ์•ก์„ธ์Šคํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
I would love for you to join my group of students
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03:33
in this advanced grammar challenge.
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์ด ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€์—์„œ ์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ๊ทธ๋ฃน์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
I can't wait to meet you in the challenge community.
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์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
If you want to join, if you think this is for you,
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๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:41
this is what you need to finally solve
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์˜์‹ฌ์„ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:43
all of your grammar doubts,
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.
03:45
click on the button down below.
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:48
I'll see you in there.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณด์ž.
03:49
Right. Let's get started with the lesson.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ. ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:51
What is a clause?
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์ ˆ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:53
You may have heard this term clause
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์ด ์šฉ์–ด ์กฐํ•ญ์„ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์„์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
03:56
thrown around quite a bit
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03:58
but you might not know what it actually means.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
A clause is a group of words that includes a subject
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์ ˆ์€ ์ฃผ์–ด
04:05
and a verb and forms a sentence or part of a sentence.
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์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
A clause must also have meaning on its own.
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์ ˆ๋„ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
It does not need any additional modifiers
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04:17
or information to make sense.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ •์ž๋‚˜ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
A simple sentence can be made of just one clause,
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ ˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜
04:23
but most sentences have more than one.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋‘˜ ์ด์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
A subject and a verb is a clause.
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์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
For example, the dog runs.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.
04:33
Subject, verb, clause, sentence on its own.
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์ฃผ์–ด, ๋™์‚ฌ, ์ ˆ, ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ž์ฒด. ์˜์–ด์—๋Š”
04:38
We have two basic types of clauses in English.
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์œ ํ˜• ์˜ ์ ˆ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
They have various functions so understanding their roles
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
04:45
is extremely important in forming proper sentences.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:50
Let's start with the independent clause.
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๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
This is also called the main clause.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ์ ˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
An independent clause is a group of words
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๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ์€
04:59
that includes a subject and a verb
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์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ 
05:03
and can form a sentence.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
It does not require the support of other clauses
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05:08
as it can stand on its own.
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์ž์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐํ•ญ์˜ ์ง€์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
Examples, Erica reads.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด Erica๋Š” ์ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
They play.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์žฌ์ƒ.
05:15
We sit.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•‰๋Š”๋‹ค.
05:18
This is a bit different from a dependent clause,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด
05:21
also known as a subordinate clause,
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05:25
which is a group of words that is not a sentence
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์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
05:28
but adds information to the main part of a sentence.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ธ ์ข…์†์ ˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข…์†์ ˆ๊ณผ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
A dependent clause is typically introduced
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์ข…์†์ ˆ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
05:35
with a conjunction.
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์ ‘์†์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋„์ž…๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
Words like before, because, so, or if.
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before, because, so ๋˜๋Š” if์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
It's formation, conjunction, subject, verb.
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ํ˜•์„ฑ, ์ ‘์†, ์ฃผ์–ด, ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
Examples, before she goes to sleep.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์ „์—.
05:50
And we ate.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋จน์—ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
But it fell.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค.
05:54
These examples cannot stand on their own
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์„ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:56
as independent sentences.
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.
05:59
Thus, they are dependent clauses.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ข…์†์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
We call them dependent because, surprise,
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๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜์กด์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:05
they depend on the use of an independent clause.
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.
06:09
Let's take one of our independent clauses
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๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ
06:11
and combine it with a dependent clause.
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์ข…์†์ ˆ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:15
Erica reads before she goes to sleep.
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์—๋ฆฌ์นด๋Š” ์ž ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
Erica reads, is independent.
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Erica๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Before she goes to sleep, is dependent.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์˜์กด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
Now that we know the two basic types of clauses,
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์ด์ œ ์ ˆ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ์•Œ์•˜์œผ๋‹ˆ
06:27
let's look at our dependent clauses a bit deeper.
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์ข…์†์ ˆ์„ ์ข€ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
First type, noun clause.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์œ ํ˜•, ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ ˆ.
06:35
A noun clause is a group of words
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์ ˆ์€
06:38
that contains a subject and verb,
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์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด์ง€๋งŒ
06:41
but the entire clause acts as a single noun.
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์ „์ฒด ์ ˆ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
This is often a cause for confusion.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข…์ข… ํ˜ผ๋ž€์˜ ์›์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
For many learners of English,
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๋งŽ์€ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
06:51
this is your moment to understand this.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
Many noun clauses start with that,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ ˆ์€ that,
06:57
how, who, what, where, when or why.
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how, who, what, where, when ๋˜๋Š” why๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
For example, she knew how it broke.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
How it broke, is a noun clause.
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How it broken๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
Or we saw where they went.
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๋˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ”๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
Where they went, again, is a noun clause.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ„ ๊ณณ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
Here's an important tip.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ˆ์„ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ
07:17
You will know it's a noun clause
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07:19
if you can easily replace the clause with a pronoun.
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ ˆ์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:23
An example, she knew how it broke.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
Take away, how it broke.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ง๊ฐ€ ์กŒ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ€์ ธ ๊ฐ€๋ผ.
07:29
Replace it with a pronoun, him.
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์„ธ์š”.
07:31
She knew him.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
It works, so it was a no clause.
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์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ no ์ ˆ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
Now, let's discuss adverb clauses.
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
An adverb clause is a dependent clause
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ
07:41
that acts as, shock, an adverb in a sentence.
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์ถฉ๊ฒฉ, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข…์†์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
They help to qualify the meanings of verbs,
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๋™์‚ฌ,
07:49
adjectives, clauses, and other adverbs.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, ์ ˆ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ•œ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
Adverb clauses help to answer when,
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์€ ์–ธ์ œ,
07:55
where, why, how, and by how much.
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์–ด๋””์„œ, ์™œ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ, ์–ผ๋งˆ๋งŒํผ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
Adverb clauses often start
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์€ ์ข…์† ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:01
with one of the subordinating conjunctions.
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.
08:05
After, as, though, since, because, et cetera.
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์ดํ›„, ์ดํ›„, ์ดํ›„, ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ.
08:11
These clauses are quite flexible
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ˆ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜
08:13
and can be used at the beginning,
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์‹œ์ž‘,
08:15
end or middle of a sentence to add more detail.
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๋ ๋˜๋Š” ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
Here's an example.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
If you pay for the snacks.
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๊ฐ„์‹์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋ฉด.
08:23
Or, because she was early.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ฐ ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—.
08:25
Let's look at them in a sentence.
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ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž.
08:28
If you pay for the snacks, I'll get the pizza.
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๊ฐ„์‹ ๊ฐ’์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
We can swap them round.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ตํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„์‹ ๊ฐ’์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋ฉด
08:33
I'll get the pizza, if you pay for the snacks.
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ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:36
Or, Paula had to help set up
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๋˜๋Š” Paula๋Š”
08:39
because she was early.
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์ผ์ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์„ค์น˜๋ฅผ ๋„์™€์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
Or, because she was early, Paula had to help set up.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ฐ ์™”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Paula๋Š” ์„ค์ •์„ ๋„์™€์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
Now let's talk about adjective clauses.
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์ด์ œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:49
An adjective clause is a group of words
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์€
08:52
that acts as an, can you guess?
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์ถ”์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
Adjective in a sentence.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ.
08:58
They are dependent clauses that give more information
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09:01
about a noun or a pronoun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ข…์†์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
They typically come directly after the noun they modify.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋’ค์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
We often use words like that, which,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… that, which,
09:13
whom and who' with ave clauses.
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who ๋ฐ who'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ave ์ ˆ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
Some examples, whose birthday is tomorrow,
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์ƒ์ผ์ด ๋‚ด์ผ์ด๊ณ 
09:20
which we are going to visit in spring.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ด„์— ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
Let's look at these clauses in sentences.
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์ด ์ ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:26
Constantine, whose birthday is tomorrow,
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์ƒ์ผ์ด ๋‚ด์ผ์ธ ์ฝ˜์Šคํƒ„ํ‹ด์€
09:29
is going to be late.
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๋Šฆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
Or, mom's hometown, which we are going to visit in spring,
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ํ˜น์€ ๋ด„์— ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐˆ ์—„๋งˆ์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์ด
09:35
is very far away.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฉ€๋‹ค.
09:37
Notice how the adjective clause gives more information
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ ˆ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•ž์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
09:41
about the noun that comes directly before it.
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.
09:44
We now know that Constantine has a birthday tomorrow.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ฝ˜์Šคํƒ„ํ‹ฐ๋ˆ„์Šค์˜ ์ƒ์ผ์ด ๋‚ด์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
We also know that the speaker
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ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€
09:50
will be visiting their mom's hometown in spring.
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๋ด„์— ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
If you take away these clauses,
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์ด ์ ˆ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ด๋„
09:56
the sentences still make sense.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
Constantine is going to be late.
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์ฝ˜์Šคํƒ„ํ‹ด์€ ๋Šฆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
Mom's hometown is very far away.
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์—„๋งˆ์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ€๋‹ค.
10:04
We now have a different type of clause
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์ ˆ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
10:06
and it is our final one too,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ ˆ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ
10:08
it's a coordinate clause.
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์ขŒํ‘œ ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
These are two or more independent clauses in a sentence,
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์ ˆ๋กœ,
10:15
often joined by coordinate conjunctions,
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์ข…์ข… ๋“ฑ์œ„ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ
10:19
and, or, but, and so on,
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and, or, but ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด
10:22
that make separate statements
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10:24
that each have equal importance.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ์ง„์ˆ ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
We form compound sentences
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
10:30
by linking together coordinate clauses.
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์ขŒํ‘œ ์ ˆ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
We will discuss sentence structure in another video.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
When that video is ready,
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์˜์ƒ์ด ์ค€๋น„๋˜๋ฉด
10:39
I will put it in the description box.
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์„ค๋ช…๋ž€์— ๋„ฃ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:41
An example, she's travelling by train,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ 
10:44
but she prefers to travel by car.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
Both clauses in this compound sentence
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์ด ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‘ ์ ˆ์€ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋…๋ฆฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
10:49
function as independent clauses
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๋…๋ฆฝ ์ ˆ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:52
that can stand alone as individual sentences.
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.
10:56
They are linked together
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€
10:57
by the coordinate conjunction, but.
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์ขŒํ‘œ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋กœ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ.
11:00
Therefore these two clauses are coordinate clauses.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋‘ ์ ˆ์€ ๋“ฑ์œ„์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
That's it for me today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
Now it's time for you to complete your exercises.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
They are all in the lesson PDF.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
It's free to download.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ๋Š”
11:14
Just click on the link in the description box.
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๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:16
You enter your name and your email address.
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์ด๋ฆ„ ๊ณผ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
You sign up to my mailing list,
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๋‚ด ๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด
11:21
and the PDF arrives directly in your inbox.
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PDF๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์€ ํŽธ์ง€ํ•จ์— ์ง์ ‘ ๋„์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media.
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๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
11:26
I've got my Instagram at EnglishwithLucy.
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๋‚ด ์ธ์Šคํƒ€๊ทธ๋žจ์€ EnglishwithLucy์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
I've also got my website, EnglishwithLucy.co.uk.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ EnglishwithLucy.co.uk๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
11:33
There's a fabulous pronunciation tool
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๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋„๊ตฌ
11:36
and interactive pronunciation tool on there,
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์™€ ๋Œ€ํ™”์‹ ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ œ
11:39
and you can also view all of my English courses as well.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์–ด ์ฝ”์Šค๋„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:43
If you'd like to practise your listening
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ์™€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:45
and your vocabulary skills,
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11:47
then I highly recommend my vlogging channel
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11:49
where I document my life here in the English countryside.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜๊ตญ ์‹œ๊ณจ์—์„œ์˜ ์ œ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ ๋ธŒ์ด๋กœ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ์ ๊ทน ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
But most importantly, all vlogs are fully subtitled.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋™์˜์ƒ ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ์— ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„
11:57
You can use them to improve your listening skills.
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ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋Š”
12:00
You can use them to expand your vocabulary.
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๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:03
I will see you soon for another lesson.
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๊ณง ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•์˜๋กœ ์ฐพ์•„๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
12:06
(upbeat music)
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(๊ฒฝ์พŒํ•œ ์Œ์•…)

Original video on YouTube.com
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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