What is the FUTURE of TEACHING? - English Addict ~ ExTRA - ๐Ÿ”ดLIVE - WED 10th JAN 2024 #learnenglish

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2024-01-11 ใƒป English Addict with Mr Duncan


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What is the FUTURE of TEACHING? - English Addict ~ ExTRA - ๐Ÿ”ดLIVE - WED 10th JAN 2024 #learnenglish

2,482 views ใƒป 2024-01-11

English Addict with Mr Duncan


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

05:08
Welcome, everybody.
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ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
05:11
We are back together again.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
English addict is with you once more.
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์˜์–ด ์ค‘๋…์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
And it's ever so nice to be with you once again.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
I hope you are feeling good today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
I I'm in the mood and
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„
05:34
we are back live.
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๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
It is true.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ง„์‹ค์ด์•ผ.
05:39
A very, very alive at the moment.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
Hi, everybody.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
05:58
You see,
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์žˆ์ž–์•„, ์ƒˆํ•ด ๋ณต ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”๋ผ๋Š” ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด
05:59
I wasn't going to do that because I was told that I shouldn't say Happy New Year,
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์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
06:05
but I did anyway, because I'm a very, very naughty man once again.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ๋˜ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ชป๋œ ๋‚จ์ž์˜€๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
06:11
Hi, everybody. This is Mr.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ด ๋ถ„์€
06:13
Duncan in England. How are you today?
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์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๋˜์ปจ ์”จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋– ์„ธ์š”?
06:16
Are you okay?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์œผ์„ธ์š”?
06:17
I hope so.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํฌ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.
06:19
Are you happy?
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ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ˆ?
06:20
I hope you are feeling good.
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Don't forget to send me a link
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
06:24
and yes,
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๋„ค, ์ด์ œ
06:26
it is the final time that I can say Happy New Year.
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์ƒˆํ•ด ๋ณต ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
So I thought I would start by saying Happy
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 2024๋…„ ์ƒˆํ•ด ๋ณต ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:33
New Year 2024 has arrived.
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.
06:36
How was your first ten days of the New Year?
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์ƒˆํ•ด์˜ ์ฒซ ์—ดํ˜์€ ์ž˜ ๋ณด๋‚ด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
06:41
Has it been a good one so far or has it been
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
06:44
a load of rubbish for those wondering?
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๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ™์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
06:49
Mr. Steve is not with us today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์”จ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
In fact, he is not even here in the building.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
He sadly has gone to a funeral today.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์Šฌํ”„๊ฒŒ๋„ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์žฅ๋ก€์‹์— ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
One of his work colleagues sadly passed away about two weeks ago.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ง์žฅ ๋™๋ฃŒ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์•ฝ 2์ฃผ ์ „์— ์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
So sadly Mr.
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์Šฌํ”„๊ฒŒ๋„
07:06
Steve has gone to a funeral.
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์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์”จ๋Š” ์žฅ๋ก€์‹์— ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
He is on his way back.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๋Š” ์ค‘์ด์—์š”.
07:10
Of course, we always keep in touch with each other.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
Whenever Steve and myself are apart,
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์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์™€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
07:17
we always make sure that we stay in touch.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
It is one of the most wonderful things
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
07:24
about living in this modern age.
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์ด ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
Have you noticed how amazing everything is?
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด์ง€ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
07:31
And the only reason why we have all of these
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
07:34
wonderful things is because of change.
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๋ณ€ํ™” ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
Things are always changing.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
Things are always moving forward.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
They are progressing.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
They are going in a certain direction.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
It is fair to say that we can only go forward.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณตํ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ
07:52
It is not good to start going back
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๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
because then maybe other problems will come along.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
That is what we are talking about today, by the way.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ , ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
We are talking about change, the change of things, progress.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”, ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ์ง„๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
And of course, I suppose at the moment one of the main reasons why are mentioning this today
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก , ํ˜„์žฌ ์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋œ ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
08:15
is because a lot of people are talking about
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
08:21
artificial intelligence
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์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ
08:23
and the way the world is changing.
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๊ณผ ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
And over the past few days I've been reading
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ฉฐ์น  ๋™์•ˆ ์ €๋Š”
08:29
some new stories about certain
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08:32
companies, certain organisations
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08:36
that have started using artificial
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์ธ๊ณต
08:39
intelligence more and more.
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์ง€๋Šฅ์„ ์ ์  ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ํŠน์ • ํšŒ์‚ฌ, ํŠน์ • ์กฐ์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
In fact,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค,
08:45
it has got so bad or so frequently used
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚˜์˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด
08:51
that now they don't need human beings to work for them.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
So in certain cases humans have become
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด
09:00
not obsolete, not quite.
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๋‚ก์•„์ง€์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ  ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‚ก์•„์ง€์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
So when we say that something is obsolete,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์“ธ๋ชจ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ,
09:06
we normally mean that it is no longer required.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
So at the moment we still need human beings burps.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—๋„ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํŠธ๋ฆผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
In some cases,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
09:18
the requirement
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09:20
for lots and lots of people to do a certain thing has reduced.
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ํŠน์ • ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
So you might say that over time,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
09:29
fewer humans are required to do a certain task.
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ํŠน์ • ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋” ์ ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ธ๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
But there is one thing
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
09:38
that will not change as far as I am concerned.
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๋‚˜๋กœ์„œ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
Don't forget, I am not a I,
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์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„
09:46
I am not a machine because there is no substitute
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๋Œ€์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:50
for a real human being.
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.
09:53
So I am with you.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
I don't think in the near future there is any chance of me
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๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋‚˜๋ฅผ
10:00
being replaced by a machine.
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
So don't worry.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
10:04
Maybe in the future we will be able
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋Š”
10:07
to have me embedded in a machine.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์— ์ง‘์–ด๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
So it will still be me.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋‚˜์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
10:15
Sadly, this lovely body will no longer be around.
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์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋ชธ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
But perhaps.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋งˆ๋„.
10:21
Maybe
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด
10:24
part of me will live on in the machine.
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๋‚˜์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์†์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
But for the time being, don't forget it.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น๋ถ„๊ฐ„์€ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
10:31
I am not I.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
I am not a machine.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
There is no substitute for a real human being.
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์‹ค์ œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
It's true.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”.
10:43
We have the live chat.
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๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
hello, Live chat.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
Nice to see you here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘๋‹ค.
10:48
Thank you very much for joining me today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
I am taking the risk once again.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€
10:53
I am broadcasting in high definition,
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๊ณ ํ™”์งˆ,
10:58
full, high definition today.
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ํ’€, ๊ณ ํ™”์งˆ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์†กํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
Mr. Duncan, Fancy pants.
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๋˜์ปจ ์”จ, ํŒฌ์‹œ ํŒฌ์ธ ์š”.
11:03
Very nice.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”.
11:06
Who was first on today's live chat?
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜€๋‚˜์š”?
11:09
very fast with your finger.
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์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ.
11:12
You are definitely at the top of the list today.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์˜ ์ตœ์ƒ์œ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
Beatrice.
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๋ฒ ์•„ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ฒด.
11:26
Congratulations to Beatrice.
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๋ฒ ์•„ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ฒด๋‹˜ ์ถ•ํ•˜๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
Guess what?
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๋ญ”์ง€ ๋งž์ถฐ๋ด?
11:29
You are first on today's live chat.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์— ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
It's nice to see you here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์›Œ์š”. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์บก์…˜์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
11:33
Can I just mention there are live captions
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๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์บก์…˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๋งŒ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด๋„ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
11:38
so you can have captions underneath
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11:42
this thing I'm doing at the moment.
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11:45
They are live, so don't forget there will be a slight delay,
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์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง€์—ฐ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
11:49
but you can activate the captions and have them underneath
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์บก์…˜์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์•„๋ž˜์— ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:55
if you are having difficulty understanding what I'm saying.
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.
11:59
But why would you? Because my English is so clear.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊นŒ์š”? ๋‚ด ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
It is so precise, it is so relaxing to listen to.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ •ํ™•ํ•ด์„œ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํŽธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”.
12:09
And those aren't my words, Those aren't my personal comments.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‚ด ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ๋‚ด ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์˜๊ฒฌ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
They are the comments of you out there
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์ด๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ 
12:17
watching in the world of YouTube
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YouTube ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์ด๋ฉฐ
12:21
today, we are looking
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,
12:22
at the future things that might happen in the future.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
Some people are afraid of the future.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
Some people feel worried about what will happen in the future.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ์ง€ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
I suppose when we look at events, we normally
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
12:38
look at things that are happening now
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12:41
to try and work out what will happen in the future.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
So I suppose that is one of the reasons why
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
12:50
people are getting so worried or concerned
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
about artificial intelligence,
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12:57
because it is still relatively new
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์€ ์•„์ง ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ 
13:01
and I still think that many people don't quite understand
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
13:06
how it works or what it means.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
However, I over the past couple of months
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ์ €๋Š”
13:13
have started using certain types of AGI
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ํŠน์ • ์œ ํ˜•์˜ AGI๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
13:17
to design my thumbnails
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์„ฌ๋„ค์ผ์„ ๋””์ž์ธ
13:21
and also to design all of the things that appear
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™”๋ฉด ํ•˜๋‹จ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋””์ž์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:25
at the bottom of the screen.
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.
13:28
So that is the reason why lots of things have changed slightly on my livestream
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‚ด ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋œ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
because I am using other types of technology
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
13:38
to design those things and it is very useful.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋””์ž์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
However, because it is new, because all of these things have just come along over the past 12,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๋‚œ 12๊ฐœ์›”,
13:51
maybe 18
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด 18
13:52
months, people have been talking about A.I..
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๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ AI์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
I suppose people are a little wary
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„
14:01
or cautious.
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ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:03
Wary. I like that one.
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์กฐ์‹ฌ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.
14:06
If you are wary of something, it means you are not sure
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
14:12
you don't want to go near that thing too quickly.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
Maybe you are slightly nervous about that particular thing.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ธด์žฅํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:21
You are afraid you are worried, you are wary,
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
14:26
you are suspicious of that particular thing.
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๊ทธ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:32
Can can I say hello to Vitesse?
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๋น„ํ…Œ์„ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ์‚ฌํ•ด๋„ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
14:34
Vitesse, You were in second place today with your finger.
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๋น„ํ…Œ์„ธ ์”จ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ 2์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
Also, we have Palmira.
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๋˜ํ•œ Palmira๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
We also have.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
14:43
of course
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๋ฌผ๋ก 
14:46
he is here.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
14:47
It is so nice to see you here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ์ •๋ง ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์›Œ์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜
14:50
Louis Mendez
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๋ฃจ์ด์Šค ๋ฉ˜๋ฐ์Šค๊ฐ€
14:54
is here today.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:56
Thank you very much, Louis. Nice to see you back.
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์ •๋ง ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”, ๋ฃจ์ด์Šค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์›Œ์š”.
14:59
Thank you for joining us on Wednesday, twice a week.
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์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
I am here with you Wednesday and Sunday from 2 p.m.
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์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ๊ณผ ์ผ์š”์ผ ์˜คํ›„ 2์‹œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
UK time most summer.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์—๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:12
Hello.
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15:12
Most summer.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„.
15:13
It's nice to see you here on the live chat as well.
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๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์—์„œ๋„ ๋ต™๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
We also have Hello Windows.
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Hello Windows๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:20
Hello.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:21
Hello Wind.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ๋ฐ”๋žŒ๋‹˜.
15:23
Nice to see you here on the live stream.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
We are live every Wednesday and Sunday from 2 p.m.
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๋งค์ฃผ ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ, ์ผ์š”์ผ ์˜คํ›„ 2์‹œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
UK time.
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์˜๊ตญ ์‹œ๊ฐ„.
15:31
Asthma.
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์ฒœ์‹.
15:32
Asthma Rizwan is here as well.
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์ฒœ์‹ ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ์™„๋„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
Hello Asma, Nice to see you back.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” Asma. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์›Œ์š”.
15:38
Is it your first time or are you returning here?
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์ฒ˜์Œ์ด์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์ด ์ผ์„ ๋” ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ
15:43
Have you decided to come
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์˜ค๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”
15:44
back for more of this?
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?
15:48
You are very brave. That's all I can say.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์šฉ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:50
Christina is here.
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
15:52
Thank you, Christine.
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๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”, ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ด.
15:53
It certainly is here.
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
Hello, Sanaa.
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์•ˆ๋…•, ์‚ฌ๋‚˜.
15:57
Where are you watching at the moment, I wonder
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์–ด๋””์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋Š”์ง€,
16:00
Nong Jun Finn is here as well.
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๋†์ค€ํ•€๋‹˜๋„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์‹ค์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
16:04
We have some new viewers today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:08
I have a feeling that we do have
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16:11
some new people joining in on the live chat.
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๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
16:15
And it is always nice to see new faces here.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:21
Patrick. Hello, Patrick.
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ํŒจํŠธ๋ฆญ. ์•ˆ๋…•, ํŒจํŠธ๋ฆญ.
16:23
How are things? Are you still on your travels?
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์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„์ง๋„ ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
16:26
Because the last time you spoke, you were on your travels and you were travelling around.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง€๋‚œ๋ฒˆ์— ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ €๊ธฐ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
16:33
But what about today?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:35
Where are you today?
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
16:36
Patrick We could, I suppose we could start a new feature
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Patrick ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:41
here.
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.
16:43
Where in the world are you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:46
So some people do like to travel around.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
I know we have people like Beatrice
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๋‚˜๋Š” Beatrice์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
16:53
and also I think Vitesse likes to travel
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Vitesse๋„ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์ข‹์•„
16:57
and also Christina likes to travel around.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  Christina๋„ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
So maybe we could start a new thing.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:04
If you are travelling to different places
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๊ณ  ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
17:07
and you are watching my livestream whilst you are travelling, please let me know.
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๋‚ด ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
17:12
That would be ever so nice.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
17:15
I am a returning viewer, says Asma.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  Asma๋Š” ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Asma๋‹˜,
17:20
Thank you very much, Asma, and it's great to see you back.
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ต™๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:24
It is good to know that all of this
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด
17:29
has persuaded you to come back
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด
17:32
and join in again, so it's always nice.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๋“ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:37
Angele Hello, Angelic.
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์•™ํ—ฌ ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์—”์ ค๋ฆญ๋‹˜.
17:40
Now I recognise your name.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:44
Angelic?
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์ฒœ์‚ฌ ๊ฐ™์€?
17:46
Have you been here before?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์™€ ๋ณด์‹  ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
17:49
Have you watched me before?
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์ „์— ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
17:51
Because I think I used to have
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „ Angelic์ด๋ผ๋Š”
17:54
a viewer
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17:55
who used to join us on the livestream many years ago called Angelic.
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๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š” .
18:01
So are you the same one?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
18:03
Have you rediscovered me?
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
18:05
A lot of people think I've finished.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:07
A lot of people think I've stopped doing this.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:10
Can you believe it?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:11
There are people who think I have quit.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
18:14
There are some people who think I'm dead, but I'm not.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:17
I'm here, so don't worry.
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๋‚œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
18:20
Yes, I am still here
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๋„ค, ์ €๋Š” ์•„์ง๋„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ
18:23
doing this, which is always a nice thing when you think about it.
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์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:27
I always like to have a smile on my face in the morning whenever I wake up.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์นจ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ํ•ญ์ƒ ์–ผ๊ตด์— ๋ฏธ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ง“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:32
I like to smile at the world around me
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋ฏธ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ง“๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ณ ,
18:36
and feel ever so nice and glad
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18:40
that I get to see another day.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:44
Angelic says It is not my real name.
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์—”์ ค๋ฆญ์€ ๋‚ด ์ง„์งœ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:48
I am Angelina.
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์ €๋Š” ์•ˆ์ ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:51
Angelina.
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์•ˆ์ ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜.
18:52
But the question is,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
18:55
did you used to
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18:56
watch me in the past or is it your first time?
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์˜ˆ์ „์—๋„ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ณด์…จ๋˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
18:59
Please let me know.
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์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
19:02
I'm very interested to find out.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:04
Christina says Artificial intelligence can be useful in certain aspects,
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ํŠน์ • ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์œ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜
19:09
but it must not replace humans.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:14
And I would agree with that.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:16
There are many things
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19:19
that are being talked about at the moment, many new things,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ™”์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งŽ๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งŽ๊ณ ,
19:25
artificial intelligence is one.
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์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋‹ค.
19:29
But also, I suppose we can't forget space travel as well.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—ฌํ–‰๋„ ๋นผ๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
19:34
A lot of people talking about that.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ฌ ํƒ์‚ฌ
19:36
There was a mission
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์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
19:39
to the moon, which I believe this week had some problems.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
19:44
I think they were sending a small probe.
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ž‘์€ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
19:47
Beep, beep, beep, beep, beep to the moon.
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์‚, ์‚, ์‚, ์‚, ๋‹ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์‚.
19:50
And I think things went wrong with that.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์ผ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
19:54
Who else is here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋˜ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์žŠ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์„œ
19:55
I will say hello to a couple of more people because I don't want to forget you.
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๋ช‡ ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋” ์ธ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์•Œ
19:59
You see, I can't because I will get into a lot of trouble.
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๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ
20:04
I think that might be everyone.
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๋‹ค๋“ค ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
20:05
Thank you very much.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:07
It's very kind of you to join in today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ •๋ง ์นœ์ ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:10
So we are talking about changes, things that can alter,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”, ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
20:14
things that might be different, things
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๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
20:18
that sometimes change
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20:21
because of various reasons.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:24
Quite often the reason is progress,
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์ข…์ข… ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ „์ด๊ณ ,
20:28
and that is the subject we are talking about today.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:19
It is English, how to act, and we are here live on.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด์ด๊ณ , ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์‚ด์•„์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:25
Yes, we are here on Wednesday
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๋„ค, ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์™”์–ด์š”.
22:27
and I hope you are feeling good.
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์œผ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์–ด๋Š ๊ณณ์— ๊ณ„์‹œ๋“ 
22:31
I hope you are having a good Wednesday, wherever you are in the world.
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:36
Thank you very much to everyone who has said hello.
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์ธ์‚ฌํ•ด์ฃผ์‹  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ง์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
22:40
Don't forget you can chat live right now if you want to say anything.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์  ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” .
22:47
Anything.
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์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ.
22:48
Imagine something you've always wanted to ask or something you've always wanted to say.
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ํ‰์†Œ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ง, ๋Š˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ง์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
22:54
Now you have the chance to do it right here
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ
22:59
live on YouTube in front of everyone.
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YouTube์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์•ž์—์„œ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋กœ ๊ณต์—ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:04
Today we are looking at words and phrases
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
23:07
connected to change from the things we do now
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ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
23:12
to maybe things that might be done in the future.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:17
That is normally how things work.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:20
When we talk about history, when we look back in time,
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๋ณด๋ฉด
23:23
we can always see that things were different.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ž๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:29
So whatever it is we are talking about, we can see that
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
23:33
those things were done in a different way.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰ํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:37
But why were they different?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ฌ๋ž์„๊นŒ?
23:40
Well, the reason is simple, because over time,
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
23:44
the way those things were done changed and that is what we are talking about today.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:50
A lot of people worry about the future.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:52
We worry about what might happen
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
23:56
in the future as things change.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ์ง€ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:00
But really,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
24:01
to be honest, quite often there is no need to worry
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€
24:06
and I might explain a little bit more about that
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:10
today as we go on.
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.
24:13
So when we talk about change,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
24:15
we often talk about progress.
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ํ”ํžˆ ์ง„๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:19
Progress.
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์ง„์ „.
24:20
When we talk about progress, we are talking about moving forward.
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์ง„๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:25
So as you move, you might also change the way you do things.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ž‘์—… ๋ฐฉ์‹๋„ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:32
And this word can be used in more than one way.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:34
Of course, we can progress as a verb.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:39
You are moving forward and of course progress or progress
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ง„๋ณด๋‚˜ ์ง„์ „์€
24:45
because it can be pronounced in more than one way
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
24:48
can mean just advancing.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:52
Things are changing.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:54
Quite often things are being changed in
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด
24:58
some particular way.
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:01
Maybe the way we do a certain task, maybe the way we carry out
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ • ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹, ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด
25:06
a simple everyday way action
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์—…
25:10
progress is how we often describe it.
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์ง„ํ–‰์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฃผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:15
We talk about progress, of course, it doesn't
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง„๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
25:18
necessarily mean that it is positive.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:22
Quite often we might say that progress could be negative,
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์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง„๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜
25:26
but generally speaking, we do use
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
25:30
this particular phrase positively.
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์ด ํŠน์ • ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:34
You progress, you move forward.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:37
We always like to think as human beings.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ธ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:41
We always like to think that we are moving forward.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:44
Quite often we like to think that we are improving living in some way.
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๊ฝค ์ž์ฃผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ์ƒํ™œ์ด ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:50
So I don't think it is unfair to say that progress
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ง„๋ณด๊ฐ€
25:55
is quite often a positive thing
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š”
26:00
is another interesting word.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ณตํ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:01
When we talk about progress or change,
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์ง„๋ณด๋‚˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
26:05
we talk about innovation to innovate,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜์‹ ,
26:10
to move forward with ideas.
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ „์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:14
Or maybe you come up with something new,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
26:18
maybe you come up with a new idea.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:22
So quite often innovation can refer
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜์‹ ์€
26:25
to something new, such as an invention.
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๋ฐœ๋ช…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:29
Something you have invented is a new innovation.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:35
It is a new thing, the way of doing something.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ, ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:39
So not only is it maybe a device that has been invented or created,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐœ๋ช…๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
26:46
or even modified, many things that we have used for
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ ์žฅ์น˜์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์˜จ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด
26:50
years have changed in some way.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:54
In fact, I can't think of many things that haven't changed in
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
26:58
some way over the centuries or even over the last hundred years.
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.
27:05
I suppose there is one thing toilet paper,
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ํ™”์žฅ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
27:08
when you think about it, toilet paper has hardly changed at all.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ํ™”์žฅ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:13
It's still the same the way we use it,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”์žฅ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹,
27:17
the way it is sold, the way we store toilet paper.
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ํŒ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹, ํ™”์žฅ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹๋˜‘๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:22
So really it hasn't changed all that much when you think about it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:27
But generally speaking, most things have in some way.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•ด์„œ, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:32
Most things have changed and quite often
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
27:35
we will use innovation,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ํ˜์‹ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
27:38
we will invent new things.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:42
We will create things that can do
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“ 
27:45
other tasks or other things more efficiently or better
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž‘์—…์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์„ ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๋” ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:49
in some way.
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.
27:53
How about evolution?
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์ง„ํ™”๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
27:57
Mr. Duncan.
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๋˜์ปจ ์”จ.
27:58
Now there is an interesting word that can be used in
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์ด์ œ
28:01
quite a few ways and in many contexts as well.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:06
So when we talk about evolution, we are talking
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
28:09
about the change of a particular thing.
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— โ€‹โ€‹๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:12
It will alter in some way quite often over time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐ”๋€” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:18
So evolution can refer to change.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง„ํ™”๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:23
Maybe the way we improve things, we make things work
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ผ์ด
28:28
better, things become more reliable.
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๋” ์ž˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์ผ์ด ๋”์šฑ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:31
Maybe one particular device
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํŠน์ • ์žฅ์น˜
28:35
or tool is able to do something better
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๋‚˜ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
28:40
or something in a slightly more convenient way.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:44
We talk about evolution.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง„ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:47
We all we also talk about evolution in the sense of the animal kingdom as well.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณ„์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ์ง„ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:53
A lot of people think of evolution as positive change.
366
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง„ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:58
Things improve.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:00
Not always.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:02
Some things might be pushed aside,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์˜†์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ€๋ ค๋‚  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
29:05
some things might fade away because of evolution.
370
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ง„ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:11
So the way in which we do things
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€
29:13
can change through evolution.
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์ง„ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠน์ • ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
29:16
As we talk about changes that are made to certain things.
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๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
29:24
So I suppose it is fair to say that change is
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ ์ง„์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ ์ง„์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
29:29
gradual, gradual.
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.
29:32
When we say that something is gradual, it means it is slow,
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ ์ง„์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
29:37
it is happening slowly.
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์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:42
So most change.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”.
29:43
Change does happen gradually,
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๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ,
29:47
It happens slowly.
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์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค.
29:50
So imagine going up a hill.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์–ธ๋•์„ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
29:53
Imagine climbing hill and you go up gradually.
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์–ธ๋•์„ ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:58
You slowly go up the hill.
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์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์–ธ๋•์„ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:01
You climb the hill gradually.
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์„œ์„œํžˆ ์–ธ๋•์„ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:05
So many types of change can also be described as gradual.
385
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ ์ง„์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:13
It happens over time,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:17
I suppose you've noticed, especially if you are the same age as me.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚˜์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:22
If you are the same age as myself,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜์™€ ๋™๊ฐ‘์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
30:26
you know how old I am.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ์‚ด์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
30:28
Don't ask.
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๋ฌป์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
30:29
Don't you dare ask how old I am because you know already.
391
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ์‚ด์ธ์ง€ ๊ฐํžˆ ๋ฌป์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
30:35
Don't try to embarrass me, please, Bert,
392
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”, ๋ฒ„ํŠธ,
30:38
If you are of a certain age like myself,
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋‚˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
30:42
you will have seen many changes.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:46
So I grew up in the 1970s.
395
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” 1970๋…„๋Œ€์— ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:51
During the 1970s, things were.
396
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1970๋…„๋Œ€์—๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
30:54
Were quite different.
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๊ฝค ๋‹ฌ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:56
Especially when we talk about things like technology.
398
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:59
We did have things like television.
399
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:02
We did have radio.
400
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
31:04
And I suppose towards the end of the 1970s,
401
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  1970๋…„๋Œ€ ๋ง์—๋Š”
31:08
computers were becoming more common
402
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ๋ณดํŽธํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
31:12
and people were starting to discover
403
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
31:15
how convenient the computer is.
404
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•œ์ง€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:18
So that happened during the 1970s.
405
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1970๋…„๋Œ€์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:21
However, it would also be fair to say that computers were around during the 1950s
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 1950๋…„๋Œ€
31:28
and also 1960s doing various things.
407
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3503
์™€ 1960๋…„๋Œ€์—๋„ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํƒ€๋‹นํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:31
The only problem was the technology, or should I say the hardware
408
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์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ
31:38
could not be made small.
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์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ.
31:41
So you needed a very large computer
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
31:45
to do very simple tasks.
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.
31:47
So I suppose that is one of the biggest changes that has taken place.
412
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
31:52
When we talk about technology, e.g.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
31:54
in the 1970s, I remember watching television.
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1970๋…„๋Œ€์— ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์„ ๋ณธ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:59
We only had four channels.
415
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฑ„๋„์ด 4๊ฐœ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:01
In fact, in the 1970s we only had three channels in the 1970s.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค 1970๋…„๋Œ€์—๋Š” ์ฑ„๋„์ด 3๊ฐœ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:08
Can you imagine that now?
417
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
32:10
The only things you could watch,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ,
32:13
the only stations you had
419
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32:17
three stations, three television stations.
420
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3637
3๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์†ก๊ตญ, 3๊ฐœ์˜ ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „ ๋ฐฉ์†ก๊ตญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์†ก๊ตญ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:20
That's all there were not like nowadays where you have hundreds.
421
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋ช…์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:27
But of course, computers did become more
422
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ
32:29
widespread, their use did grow
423
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3003
๋„๋ฆฌ ๋ณด๊ธ‰๋˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜
32:32
and the personal computer came along.
424
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๊ฐœ์ธ์šฉ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:36
And the rest, as they say, is history.
425
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:39
I'm sure you know what I'm talking about that, because
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3771
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
32:43
it is the reason why I'm standing here doing this. Now.
427
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์„œ์„œ ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ.
32:48
There are many changes that can take place over time.
428
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:53
We can change our lifestyle.
429
1973322
4538
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:57
When we talk about lifestyle, we are talking about the things we do,
430
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4605
๋ผ์ดํ”„์Šคํƒ€์ผ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ,
33:02
the things we do for recreation,
431
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์˜ค๋ฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ,
33:05
the things we do generally in our day to day life,
432
1985751
4287
์ผ์ƒ ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:10
maybe lifestyle can refer to the food
433
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋ผ์ดํ”„์Šคํƒ€์ผ์€
33:15
you eat, the type of house you live in,
434
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4321
๋จน๋Š” ์Œ์‹, ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง‘์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:19
the furniture that you have in your house,
435
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3637
์ง‘์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ,
33:23
your lifestyle, maybe your personal lifestyle,
436
2003535
4738
์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹, ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹,
33:28
maybe the person you share your life with, the person you live with,
437
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์‚ถ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ,
33:33
the person you choose to get married to.
438
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:38
So there are many ways of expressing lifestyle while
439
2018483
4738
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ผ์ดํ”„์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:43
and I think it is fair to say over the past
440
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์ง€๋‚œ
33:46
50 or even 60 years,
441
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3253
50๋…„, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด 60๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
33:50
there have been many changes in lifestyle.
442
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4004
๋ผ์ดํ”„์Šคํƒ€์ผ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๊ณผ์–ธ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:54
I suppose one of the biggest ones must be the way
443
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
33:57
families interact with each other.
444
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๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์„œ๋กœ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:01
So in the past families would be very close.
445
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์› ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:04
But in Western society these days, it is not unusual for families to be
446
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์š”์ฆ˜ ์„œ๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด
34:10
distant or apart in some way.
447
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:15
Which of course brings us back to modern technology.
448
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:20
Because when we talk about modern technology, well, we have computers,
449
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋‚˜
34:24
we have our mobile phones, we have lots of ways of keeping in touch.
450
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ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™” ๋“ฑ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:29
So nowadays there isn't the need need
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์š”์ฆ˜์—๋Š”
34:32
for us to be together all the time.
452
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์„ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:36
It is possible to be distant and not have to worry about
453
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๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
34:42
being far away from our loved ones.
454
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:46
Like this morning
455
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
34:48
I was sending lots of messages to Mr.
456
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์”จ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
34:50
Steve and then when Mr.
457
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34:53
Steve arrives at his destination, he always sends me a message
458
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์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์ ์ง€์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„œ
34:58
to tell me that he's all right and that he's reached his destination safely.
459
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์ž์‹ ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๊ณ  ๋ชฉ์ ์ง€์— ๋ฌด์‚ฌํžˆ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์†Œ์‹์„ ์ „ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:04
So I would say that lifestyle
460
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ผ์ดํ”„์Šคํƒ€์ผ์ด
35:07
is certainly something that has changed
461
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ
35:11
dramatically over the years.
462
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์ˆ˜๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:14
Marriage, I suppose marriage is a good example of that
463
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผ,
35:18
because many people these days choose not to get married.
464
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์š”์ฆ˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ด ๊ทธ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:23
They choose to have a partner but not marry.
465
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:27
So there are many ways in which lifestyle has changed,
466
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ผ์ดํ”„ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์˜์‚ฌ
35:34
change in communication,
467
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์†Œํ†ต์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”,
35:37
change in the way we actually converse
468
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”,
35:42
the way we interact with each other has changed a lot.
469
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์„œ๋กœ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:47
And once again, this is because of technology.
470
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:52
I remember
471
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๋‚˜๋Š”
35:54
where you back in the 1980s
472
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด 1980๋…„๋Œ€์— ์–ด๋”” ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ 
35:58
and I suppose also the early 1990s, I would often send
473
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ 1990๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์—๋„
36:02
letters, postcards to people and I would receive them as well.
474
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง€์™€ ์—ฝ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:08
I used to love receiving messages.
475
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:12
I had friends overseas who would often write to me
476
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ํ•ด์™ธ์— ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ๊ณค ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ํŽธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ ํžŒ
36:16
and I used to feel very excited whenever I saw an envelope
477
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๋ด‰ํˆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
36:20
with a mail written on it.
478
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.
36:24
So it is quite exciting even now.
479
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ๊ฝค ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:27
In fact, I would say that these days it is more exciting than ever
480
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์š”์ฆ˜์—๋Š”
36:33
to receive a letter,
481
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3003
36:36
an actual letter from another person.
482
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํŽธ์ง€, ์ฆ‰ ์‹ค์ œ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:39
They have actually taken the time
483
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
36:42
to sit and write a letter.
484
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์•‰์•„์„œ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋“ค์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:45
I know it's unusual these days because not many people send letters to each other.
485
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์š”์ฆ˜์€ ์„œ๋กœ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:51
I know it is rare.
486
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋“œ๋ฌผ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค.
36:54
So the way we
487
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜์‚ฌ
36:55
change our habits with communication, some people, of course,
488
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์†Œํ†ต์œผ๋กœ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์˜ˆ์ „์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์„œ๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ
37:01
say that it is a bad thing because we don't communicate
489
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์†Œํ†ต์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
37:04
with each other as much as we used to.
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.
37:08
We do seem more distant
491
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
37:11
from each other than we did in the past.
492
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์„œ๋กœ ๋” ๋ฉ€์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
37:15
Of course, for some people that is a good thing,
493
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:19
especially if you are not very social.
494
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์‚ฌ๊ต์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:23
So instead you can come on the internet and be social instead,
495
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋Œ€์‹  ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์ ‘์†ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๊ต ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:28
which is a good idea.
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์ด๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:31
I suppose the way we live
497
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด
37:33
can also refer to our general health.
498
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:36
We talk about health in day to day life.
499
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ ์†์—์„œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
37:40
We talk about the way we live, the way
500
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์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹,
37:43
we eat, the way in which we exercise.
501
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๋จน๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹, ์šด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ ์ 
37:48
More and more people now are taking care of their health.
502
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:52
Some people might be a little obsessed with it.
503
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ง‘์ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:57
Some people might think about it too much.
504
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:00
In fact, I have my own theory about this.
505
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋งŒ์˜ ์ด๋ก ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:03
I think sometimes thinking too much
506
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด
38:07
about your health can make you ill
507
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4871
38:12
because it causes stress.
508
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์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณ‘์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:15
So maybe thinking too much about your health
509
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
38:19
might not be a good thing after all.
510
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:22
So change in the way we take care of our health.
511
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
38:26
Of course, there are many innovations, many inventions,
512
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๋ฌผ๋ก 
38:31
many things now that can help you to live
513
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด๊ณ , ๋” ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜์‹ , ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ’ˆ, ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
38:35
longer, to enjoy better health
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38:40
for a longer period of time.
515
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.
38:44
Of course, we still can't live forever.
516
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ง ์˜์›ํžˆ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:47
Unfortunately, they are still working on that.
517
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ง๋„ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:51
I was talking to someone the other night
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์ง€๋‚œ๋ฒˆ์—
38:54
about a programme that I saw on the news.
519
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๋‰ด์Šค์—์„œ ๋ณธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:58
In fact, it was a special news report about living forever,
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5222
์‚ฌ์‹ค ์˜์ƒ์ด๋‚˜
39:03
how to extend a person's life,
521
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3737
์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ์—ฐ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠน์ง‘ ๋ณด๋„์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ
39:07
and the conversation was really interesting.
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๋Œ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ์–ด์š”.
39:10
I have to say.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค.
39:12
So the conversation that I saw was,
524
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋Š”
39:15
was discussing the effects of living forever.
525
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์˜์›ํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:19
So what if certain groups of people could live?
526
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ํŠน์ • ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
39:26
Well, maybe not
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834
39:26
forever, but certainly for a longer period of time?
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์Œ, ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์˜์›ํžˆ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„
์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋” ์˜ค๋žœ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ์€์š”?
39:31
And who would get the privilege of doing that?
529
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŠน๊ถŒ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
39:38
And I suppose the other thing is if people are living longer,
530
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด
39:41
then there will be more people on the planet.
531
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:44
So I think I think it is it is an interesting subject,
532
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ฃผ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:47
but I still think we are a very long
533
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜
39:51
from extending the life
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์ˆ˜๋ช…์„
39:54
of the individual person
535
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3003
39:58
to more than maybe 8085, maybe even 90,
536
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8085์„ธ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด 90์„ธ,
40:03
perhaps a hundred, because there are many people
537
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด 100์„ธ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์žฅํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์•„์ง ๋ฉ€์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
40:06
now they are reaching the age of 100.
538
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100์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋งž์ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:10
I know what you're going to say, Mr. Duncan.
539
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๋˜์ปจ ์”จ, ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์”€์„ ํ•˜์‹ค์ง€ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:12
There are lots of people now who are 100 years old and older
540
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์ด์ œ 100์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
40:18
whom look at Dick Van Dyke, Dick Van Dyke, Mr.
541
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Dick Van Dyke, Dick Van Dyke, Mr.
40:22
Duncan,
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Duncan์„
40:25
look at him.
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๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:27
He's 98 and he's still going very strong.
544
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๊ทธ๋Š” 98์„ธ์ธ๋ฐ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:32
So, yes, there are exceptions to the rule.
545
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทœ์น™์—๋Š” ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:36
I think it is safe to say there are definitely exceptions to all of these rules.
546
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:42
Definitely
547
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ
40:45
change in education.
548
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๊ต์œก์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋„ค์š”.
40:46
Now, this is something I'm taking very personally.
549
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4488
์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:51
Do you know why?
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์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
40:52
Because it affects me
551
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40:54
in many ways when we talk about the changes in education.
552
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4605
๊ต์œก์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— โ€‹โ€‹๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
40:59
Well, I suppose once again, I will go back in time to my childhood
553
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4154
๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
41:03
in the past,
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.
41:06
we were not allowed
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3003
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
41:09
to use electronic devices in our exams,
556
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์‹œํ—˜์— ์ „์ž ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ 
41:14
could not take electronic calculators into our exams.
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์‹œํ—˜์— ์ „์ž ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:19
We were not allowed in any way to do that.
558
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:23
We had to do it all up here in our brain.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‡Œ์—์„œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:27
But these days
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์š”์ฆ˜์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€
41:30
it's not the case.
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์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:31
Many people are now allowed to take
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์ด์ œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
41:34
to work out
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1535
41:36
sums or very long calculations.
564
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ํ•ฉ๊ณ„๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:40
Quite often it is allowed.
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ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:44
However, in other countries you will find
566
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‡Œ์˜
41:47
that the good old fashioned way of working out things
567
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์˜›๋‚  ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด
41:52
in the brain is still taught
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
41:55
in many, many places.
569
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:57
But I suppose the big question must be
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
42:01
what about the future of teaching?
571
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๊ต์œก์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์— ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:05
What are the changes that will take place
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3003
42:08
over the next 20 or 30 or even 50 years?
573
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4671
์•ž์œผ๋กœ 20๋…„, 30๋…„, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด 50๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”?
42:13
What will happen?
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1985
๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ?
42:15
Will teachers, humans
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜,
42:18
in the classroom disappear completely?
576
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๊ต์‹ค ์•ˆ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ๊นŒ์š”?
42:22
We are already seeing changes taking place.
577
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:26
Certain groups, certain organisations
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2546473
2770
42:29
that are responsible for helping people
579
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
42:32
learn certain subjects, including language,
580
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4104
์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ํŠน์ • ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๊ทธ๋ฃน, ํŠน์ • ์กฐ์ง์—์„œ๋Š”
42:36
are now using artificial intelligence
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์ด์ œ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์„
42:39
more and more as a tool to teach.
582
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3771
๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ ์  ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:43
However, the problem is a lot of
583
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
42:45
it is still in its early stage.
584
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3270
์•„์ง ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด๋‹ค.
42:49
It is. It hasn't been developed.
585
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:52
It is not fully developed.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:55
So we still need human beings to make sure
587
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
42:58
that the artificial intelligence is taking care of it.
588
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5255
.
43:03
So I think that is a very important point to remember.
589
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4471
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ
43:08
Nothing at the moment can replace the human brain
590
2588231
5539
ํ˜„์žฌ๋กœ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋‚˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
43:13
or the human being, to be honest.
591
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3587
.
43:17
So I think I'm okay. A lot of people ask Mr.
592
2597507
2753
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
43:20
Duncan, are you scared?
593
2600260
1952
๋˜์ปจ ์”จ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒ์ด ๋‚˜๋‚˜์š”?
43:22
Maybe one day there will be artificial
594
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3036
์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š”
43:25
teachers on the Internet teaching.
595
2605248
3670
์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๊ต์œก์— ์ธ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:29
There will be no human being at all.
596
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2986
์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:31
Well, I have to say, I think people will eventually
597
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6440
๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ
43:38
want humans rather than a machine teaching them.
598
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5556
๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ์›ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:44
So I think in the future you will find more and more people
599
2624150
2703
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋Š” ์ ์  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ธ๊ณต์ ์ด๊ณ 
43:46
will want to actually have a real human being in front of them
600
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43:51
rather than an artificial, intelligent,
601
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์ง€๋Šฅ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ
43:56
generated person.
602
2636362
3454
์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ˆˆ์•ž์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:59
And I know these days you can make anything look real.
603
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3003
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์š”์ฆ˜์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ํ˜„์‹ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:02
You can have an artificial human on the screen,
604
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3804
ํ™”๋ฉด์—๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
44:06
a person who looks human and real,
605
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3970
,
44:10
but they're just a program running in the machine.
606
2650877
4237
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‹คํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:15
Also the voice as well.
607
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1434
๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ .
44:16
So maybe one day someone will take my voice and use it for themselves.
608
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5589
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:22
So all of the hours that I've been here
609
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2485
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ YouTube์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
44:24
on YouTube, someone might steal this.
610
2664790
3487
๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ›”์น  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:28
The sound of my voice, and take it for themselves.
611
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7157
๋‚ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
44:35
So I suppose I am a little bit afraid of that.
612
2675601
2369
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒŒ ์ข€ ๋‘๋ ค์šด ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
44:37
That is the one thing that really does worry me.
613
2677970
3887
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:42
I will be honest with you.
614
2682074
3253
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์†”์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:45
So I think it is fair to say that the future of teaching
615
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3170
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ €๋Š”
44:48
is quite safe
616
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3370
44:52
for the time being because a lot of people are still cautious,
617
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4788
๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ 
44:56
they are still nervous, they are wary
618
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4604
๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ
45:01
of all of this new technology.
619
2701577
2702
์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ต์œก์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ๋‹น๋ถ„๊ฐ„ ๋งค์šฐ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:04
So I think at least for the rest of my life,
620
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4438
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ ์–ด๋„ ๋‚จ์€ ์ƒ์•  ๋™์•ˆ์€
45:08
I think I will be okay.
621
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2052
๊ดœ์ฐฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
45:10
I don't think anyone is going to replace me just yet.
622
2710853
6990
์•„์ง์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
45:17
I hope not, anyway.
623
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1385
์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:19
I really hope not.
624
2719311
3570
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค.
45:22
Every day actions are affected by change,
625
2722965
4854
์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ
45:27
even the simplest thing.
626
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3003
๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:30
One of the things that I use every day and I love
627
2730889
4722
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
45:35
is the microwave oven, the microwave water.
628
2735677
4371
์ „์ž๋ ˆ์ธ์ง€, ์ „์ž๋ ˆ์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:40
Brilliant invention.
629
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2152
ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ’ˆ.
45:42
And the microwave was first introduced
630
2742284
2969
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „์ž๋ ˆ์ธ์ง€๋Š”
45:45
in this country during the 1970s.
631
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3187
1970๋…„๋Œ€์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:48
They were quite expensive at that time.
632
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3287
๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š” ๊ฝค ๋น„์ŒŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:51
However, nowadays people use microwave ovens all the time
633
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6072
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์š”์ฆ˜์€
45:58
everywhere restaurants, cafes, even they use them.
634
2758033
6306
์‹๋‹น, ์นดํŽ˜ ๋“ฑ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋‚˜ ์ „์ž๋ ˆ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:04
But at home, quite often when you want to eat something quickly,
635
2764422
4572
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง‘์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ
46:09
you might put it in the.
636
2769077
3003
์Ÿ๋ฐ˜์— ๋„ฃ์–ด๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:12
In fact, one thing that I do quite often, sometimes where Mr.
637
2772197
4821
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค ์ž์ฃผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋”
46:17
Steve makes a cup of tea for me,
638
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4104
์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฐจ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์‹ค ๋•Œ
46:21
I forget and I leave it and it goes cold.
639
2781189
5539
์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋†”๋‘๋ฉด ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์›Œ์ง€๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:26
So what I do is I take it and I put it in a microwave
640
2786811
4204
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ „์ž๋ ˆ์ธ์ง€์—
46:31
for around about one minute, well, maybe one and a half minutes.
641
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4271
์•ฝ 1๋ถ„, ์Œ, ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด 1๋ถ„ 30์ดˆ ๋™์•ˆ ๋„ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:35
So it goes round and round and it heats up
642
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4254
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋น™๊ธ€๋น™๊ธ€ ๋Œ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์—ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
46:39
the only problem
643
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2285
46:42
with that,
644
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7474
.
46:49
sometimes you forget
645
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2185
๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š”
46:51
that the tea is in the microwave
646
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2353
์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ „์ž๋ ˆ์ธ์ง€์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „์ž
46:54
you forget about the cup of tea that you put in the microwave.
647
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3637
๋ ˆ์ธ์ง€์— ๋„ฃ์€ ์ฐจ ํ•œ์ž”์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:57
And so later
648
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2569
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜์ค‘์—
47:00
you open the microwave door and inside
649
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2670
์ „์ž๋ ˆ์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์—
47:03
there is a cold cup of tea and you think,
650
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3887
์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ž” ์žˆ๊ณ , '
47:07
yes, of course
651
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2386
๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋ฌผ๋ก 
47:09
I was heating that tea up earlier and I forgot about it.
652
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5455
๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๊นŒ ๊ทธ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๊ตฌ๋‚˜'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:15
So once again, if it's cold.
653
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2219
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, ์ถ”์šฐ๋ฉด.
47:17
So it is not unusual for me to reheat my tea
654
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3820
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋‘์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋“œ๋ฌธ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
47:21
maybe twice or three times.
655
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.
47:24
Eventually I do drink it, but quite often
656
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3120
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฝค ์ž์ฃผ
47:27
I forget and I leave it in the microwave
657
2847255
3887
์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋” ์ „์ž๋ ˆ์ธ์ง€์— ๋„ฃ์–ด๋‘๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
47:31
sometimes.
658
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1302
.
47:32
Well, not in the next day.
659
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2569
๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ ์—๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”.
47:35
I find it
660
2855079
2402
47:37
stone cold in the microwave oven.
661
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3437
์ „์ž๋ ˆ์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์›Œ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
47:41
So everyday actions are affected by change.
662
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5606
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:46
Things we do in our day to day life.
663
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2452
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค.
47:49
Of course there are certain things that we still need and cannot be changed.
664
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4939
๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ•„์š” ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:54
For example, we need to eat, we need to sleep.
665
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5172
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋จน๊ณ  ์ž์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:59
Sleep is still
666
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2052
์ˆ˜๋ฉด์€
48:01
probably the most natural thing we do
667
2881372
3570
์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ
48:05
and there is no way we can change that.
668
2885025
2903
์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:07
Technology hasn't really changed
669
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3320
๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€
48:11
anything in that respect.
670
2891332
2986
๊ทธ ์ ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:14
I suppose helping you to get to sleep.
671
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3420
์ž ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
48:17
There are new innovations that have come along, maybe certain sounds
672
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5438
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜์‹ ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์š”์ฆ˜์—๋Š” ์ž ์— ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์†Œ๋ฆฌ
48:23
or certain types of medicine
673
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๋‚˜ ํŠน์ • ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์•ฝ์ด
48:26
is used these days to help you get to sleep.
674
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6040
์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:33
You might describe change as a shift.
675
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5072
๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ต๋Œ€๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:38
Shift shift means to move in a certain direction
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Shift Shift๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ
48:44
or from one place to another.
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๋˜๋Š” ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:47
So maybe you are going in that direction,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
48:50
but then you shift slightly
679
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ
48:53
and now you are going in a different direction.
680
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:58
So there are many ways of moving.
681
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:02
Sometimes you might move in the wrong direction.
682
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:05
Some people say that that change is bad and it can be.
683
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:10
I agree with you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:12
There are many people now
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์ด์ œ
49:14
criticising social media computers,
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์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ,
49:18
smartphones and all of the applications that are contained within them.
687
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์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์• ํ”Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ๋น„ํŒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:25
It is true that many people do not like
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
49:29
the way modern technology is going.
689
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2969
ํ˜„๋Œ€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:32
However, we talk about the way in which we think
690
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4321
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
49:36
the way in which we view the world.
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.
49:39
You might also talk about science as well.
692
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๊ณผํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:42
We often talk about science when we are talking about the way we think, the way
693
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹,
49:49
we think of the world, the way we think of each other,
694
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์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹, ์„œ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ข…์ข… ๊ณผํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:53
the study of the world around us has revealed
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”
49:58
lots and lots of amazing things.
696
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐํ˜€๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:02
So each time we discover something new about
697
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋‚˜ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
50:07
the world around us, or even the universe,
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50:12
our whole attitude will also change.
699
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ํƒœ๋„๋„ ๋ฐ”๋€” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋žต 10๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค
50:17
It would be fair to say that change happens
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๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํƒ€๋‹นํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
50:21
around every ten years.
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.
50:25
So every ten years that passes by,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 10๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค
50:29
you might say that there are changes taking place.
703
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๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:33
Something that started to change
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๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด
50:37
has reached its goal.
705
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๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:40
That particular change is now everywhere.
706
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๊ทธ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์–ด๋””์—๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:45
It might be just in a few places,
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2753
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ช‡ ๊ตฐ๋ฐ์—๋งŒ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„
50:48
but over ten years you might suddenly find that it is everywhere.
708
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4721
์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, 10๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:53
So I think it is fair to say that all of these innovations,
709
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4137
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜์‹ ๊ณผ
50:57
all of these changes normally take around
710
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3003
๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”
51:00
ten years before they become common.
711
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๋˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ฝ 10๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:04
I suppose a good example, these days would be electric cars.
712
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์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์š”์ฆ˜์—๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
51:09
So many years ago you would not see electric cars on the road.
713
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์—๋Š” ๋„๋กœ์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:14
In fact, I remember during the 1980s there were many attempts
714
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์‚ฌ์‹ค 1980๋…„๋Œ€์—
51:20
at making and producing electric cars
715
3080836
4121
์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
51:25
and all of them failed because of the power
716
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:29
that they could hold the batteries, the means of storing
717
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5606
๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ด์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํž˜๊ณผ ๊ทธ ํž˜์„ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด
51:35
the power was not very good.
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๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:41
The live chat is very busy, by the way, Christine says.
719
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ”์˜๋‹ค๊ณ  Christine์€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:44
I worry more about young people who are completely hypnotised by social media.
720
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์†Œ์…œ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์— ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žกํ˜€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์„ ๋” ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.
51:51
Well, when you think about it, we are
721
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด
51:54
we are now in 2024.
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3704
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ 2024๋…„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:58
So there are people who are maybe 16,
723
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 16์„ธ,
52:02
17 or around 20 years old and they know nothing else
724
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7958
17์„ธ ๋˜๋Š” 20์„ธ ์ •๋„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
52:10
but technology.
725
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๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์™ธ์—๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:12
So all of the technology that is around them, most of
726
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3420
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
52:15
it has been around since they were born.
727
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3704
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์กด์žฌํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:19
Of course, it has changed in many ways.
728
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ชจ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:22
A lot of the different types of technology have changed,
729
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
52:26
but the convenience has always been there in their lives.
730
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4838
ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•จ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:30
And this is the reason why nowadays, if you go to a restaurant
731
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์š”์ฆ˜ ์‹๋‹น์— ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
52:35
or you go to a public place quite often
732
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2519
๊ณต๊ณต ์žฅ์†Œ์— ์ž์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด
52:37
you will see very small children, sometimes toddlers,
733
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6156
์•„์ฃผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค, ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š”
52:43
maybe two or three years old, and they're holding
734
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๋‘์„ธ ์‚ด ๋œ ์œ ์•„๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
52:48
a tablet device in their hand.
735
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ํƒœ๋ธ”๋ฆฟ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์†์— ์ฅ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†.
52:51
They've got it there in front of them and they're pressing the buttons on the screen.
736
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์•ž์— ๋‘๊ณ  ํ™”๋ฉด์˜ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:56
And maybe they're just a couple of years old, three
737
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‘ ์‚ด,
52:59
or four perhaps.
738
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์„œ๋„ˆ ์‚ด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:02
And there they are playing on their tablet device.
739
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํƒœ๋ธ”๋ฆฟ ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:07
It's not incredible.
740
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:08
So there are a lot of people around and this will continue to happen
741
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์€๋ฐ,
53:13
as the old people like me fade away.
742
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๋‚˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋…ธ์ธ๋„ค๋“ค์ด ์ ์  ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๊ณ„์† ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
53:18
They will be the new generations that will come along
743
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
53:22
and all of this will just be normal.
744
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •์ƒ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:26
It won't mean anything to them.
745
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•„๋ฌด ์˜๋ฏธ๋„ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:29
So I think it is fair to say
746
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
53:32
that change happens around every ten years.
747
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10๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:37
Each new decade comes along.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด 10๋…„์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:40
Something over that time will change.
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:44
It will alter in some way.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๋ฐ”๋€” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:49
So when we think about change,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ
53:51
it can be a new way of doing something,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
53:55
or even a new way of thinking.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์‹์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:00
This is an important point to mention,
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54:02
because a lot of people now criticise computers,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด์ œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ,
54:06
and especially the internet and social media.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท๊ณผ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋น„ํŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Š” ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:10
They say it has made people more stupid,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋” ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:15
it has made them less intelligent
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54:19
because now they don't have to remember things.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋œ ์ง€๋Šฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:22
You don't have to store the information in your brain.
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‡Œ์— ์ €์žฅํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:26
You can simply go on the internet and find it.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์ ‘์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:31
So you don't necessarily learn
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ
54:34
by looking at something on the Internet.
763
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šธ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ์ผ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
54:36
Quite often we use the Internet as a way of passing the time
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
54:41
because maybe we have nothing to do.
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.
54:44
Maybe we are feeling a bit bored.
766
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:46
So we look at the internet, so maybe it is true.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
54:50
Maybe there is an element of truth in the internet
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š” ์ง„์‹ค์˜ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
54:54
making people.
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.
54:58
I don't want to say stupid,
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๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ,
55:00
but maybe it makes them less willing to learn things
771
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ ค๋Š” ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ๋œ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ 
55:06
and keep them up here in their heads.
772
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์— ๊ฐ„์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:11
Only time will tell.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งํ•ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
55:14
When we talk about change, we often talk about modernisation.
774
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ํ”ํžˆ ํ˜„๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:18
You modernise something, you make it new, you make it fresh,
775
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ˜„๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ์‹ ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ,
55:23
maybe you improve on something, you update.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:29
Now there is a word we use quite a lot these days.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์š”์ฆ˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:32
Update to update means
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์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ•˜๋‹ค(Update to update)๋Š”
55:36
to have the latest version of something.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ตœ์‹  ๋ฒ„์ „์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:42
So in its modern form we often think of update
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
55:46
when we refer to computers,
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ,
55:49
devices, things that have to be updated
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์žฅ์น˜, ์ตœ์‹  ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ข…์ข… ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
55:52
so they are current and up to date,
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55:56
hence the word update.
784
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์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:59
In fact, just before I started today's live stream,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ง์ „์—
56:03
I had to update my
786
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56:05
computer because there was a new version
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฒ„์ „
56:09
of the anti-virus software,
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์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
56:13
so I had to update my computer so it would work.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด์„œ ์ž‘๋™๋˜๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:18
Move forward.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด๋‹ค.
56:20
Of course, we always have to move forward.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:23
As I said at the start of today's live stream,
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด,
56:27
moving forward is always the most natural way to go.
793
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ธธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:31
There is no point going back.
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๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:34
There is no point looking over your shoulder.
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์–ด๊นจ ๋„ˆ๋จธ๋กœ ๋ณผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:37
There is no point taking steps back
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56:40
because the only way is forward.
797
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์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ธธ์€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋’ค๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„ค ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:45
The future is always there and it
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ
56:48
is there for the taking progress.
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๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:51
We talk about progress, we talk about advances.
800
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง„๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:56
To move forward is to advance.
801
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:59
You move forward, you add events,
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ , ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ ,
57:04
you make changes.
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๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:08
And there it was, lots
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
57:11
and lots of things to look out and watch.
805
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๋ฐ–์„ ๋‚ด๋‹ค๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:14
Again, you can watch this live stream as many times as you want.
806
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŒํผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:19
You can follow the captions.
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์บก์…˜์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:21
There will be permanent captions
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57:24
on the screen underneath later on.
809
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ™”๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์— ์˜๊ตฌ ์บก์…˜์ด ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:28
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
57:29
Are you worried about the future?
811
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
57:31
Do you fear the future?
812
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋‘๋ ต๋‚˜์š”?
57:34
Are you afraid of what might happen next?
813
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ์ง€ ๋‘๋ ต๋‚˜์š”?
57:38
When we talk about the way things change around us,
814
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฐฉ์‹,
57:41
especially when we are talking about technology,
815
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
57:44
are you afraid of the future?
816
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋‘๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
57:47
Let me know underneath in the comments.
817
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
57:51
If you think
818
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1986
57:53
you have
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57:54
something interesting to say, please share it with me.
820
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ €์™€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
57:58
Don't be afraid.
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๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
57:59
Don't be shy.
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๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
58:05
Thank you very much for your company today.
823
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:07
I am back with you. Don't forget, I am back with Mr.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋Œ์•„์™”๋‹ค. ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ์ผ์š”์ผ์— Mr. Steve์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
58:10
Steve on Sunday.
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.
58:11
Don't miss it.
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๋†“์น˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
58:12
We have a lot of things to talk about.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:15
We are looking back at old TV shows
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ณด์•˜๋˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ TV ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
58:21
that we used to watch many years ago.
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.
58:25
That is one of the things we are talking about.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:28
Of course there will be other subjects as well.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:31
That is almost it for me for today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:34
I hope you've enjoyed today's live stream.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์› ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:38
Whatever the future holds for you,
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ ,
58:41
whatever it may be, I hope it will be a good one.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ , ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:47
Even if we are only talking about
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58:49
the period of time between now and the next time we meet.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋งŒ๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋งŒ์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
58:54
I hope the next few days will be good for you.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋ฉฐ์น ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:58
Thank you very much for your company today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:01
It's very nice to see you all here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋ต™๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:05
And of course, don't forget, please give me a lovely light.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋น›์„ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
59:09
Give me a light to show you can.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ๋น›์„ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
59:14
And if you would like, please share
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
59:19
my live stream with others as well if you want.
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์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ๋„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด
59:23
You don't have to, but it's nice if you can.
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ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท€ํ•˜
59:27
Thank you very much for your company.
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์˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:29
See you very soon.
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๊ณง ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”
59:31
This is Mr.
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59:32
Duncan, in the birthplace of English, saying Thank you for watching.
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์˜์–ด์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์ง€ ๋˜์ปจ ์”จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
59:37
Thank you for joining me live.
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๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:39
It's so nice to see you all here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋‹ˆ ์ •๋ง ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:41
And it is very nice to see you on the live chat as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์—์„œ๋„ ๋ต™๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์ •๋ง ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
59:46
Back on Sunday, 2 p.m.
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์ผ์š”์ผ ์˜คํ›„ 2์‹œ์— ๋Œ์•„์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:48
UK time is when I'm back with you.
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์˜๊ตญ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:51
And of course until the next time we meet right here on YouTube.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฒˆ์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ YouTube์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€์š”.
59:56
Don't forget, I'm not going anywhere.
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์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋ฐ๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:59
That will be no machine taking over my job,
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ์ผ์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ 
60:04
I guarantee it.
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์žฅ๋‹ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:06
And of course...
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก ...
60:11
ta ta for now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋”ฐ๋”ฐ.
60:16
See you later.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋ด์š”.
60:20
Take care.
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์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์„ธ์š”.
60:25
bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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