Fast Track to Fluency | Linking Words | Although, Even Though, In Spite Of

41,647 views ใƒป 2017-10-06

Eat Sleep Dream English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
In this mini-series we're going to look at simple steps that we can take to improve our
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์ด ๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ ์ฐฝ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:05
spoken fluency. I want to show the things in English that you can focus on to help you
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00:10
to communicate your ideas as clearly as possible. Today we're starting with linking words. Don't
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฌด๋ฐ๋„
00:17
go anywhere!
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๊ฐ€์ง€๋งˆ!
00:26
Hello, if you haven't met me, my name is Tom and I teach fresh modern British English so
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋ฅผ ์•„์ง ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ Tom ์ด๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ
00:32
that you can take your English to the next level and achieve your life goals. Today we're
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ 
00:36
looking at linking words and specifically linking words that are going to help us to
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:41
contrast our ideas. Linking words are the words that we use to connect our ideas. They
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. ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
also help the listener to follow our thoughts and what we are trying to say. And because
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ ๊ณผ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
00:54
they help us to join our thoughts and our ideas they are a great way to make us sound
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋” ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:59
more fluent.
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01:00
Ok, I've got two sentences, let's see what you think. 'My holiday was really expensive.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. '๋‚ด ํœด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๋น„์ŒŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
I had a good time.' Ok, two sentences not very connected though are they? Two sentences
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.' ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ์š”?
01:19
relating to the same subject but they don't feel very connected. So what words can we
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๊ฐ™์€ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ปด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:24
use to connect them? Well, we've got a couple of words. Let's have a look. 'My holiday was
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. '๋‚ด ํœด๊ฐ€๋Š”
01:31
really expensive but I had a good time' 'but I had a good time'. Alright, so we've got
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์ •๋ง ๋น„์ŒŒ์ง€๋งŒ ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์–ด' 'ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์–ด'. ์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:36
but, nice informal word. I'm sure most of you have used it before. But I had a good
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๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ „์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:41
time. How about this one? 'My holiday was very expensive however I had a good time'
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. ์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ? '๋‚ด ํœด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„์ŒŒ์ง€๋งŒ ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค' '
01:47
'however I had a good time'. Alright, so the same thing, contrasting two ideas. It's the
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'. ์ž, ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
same meaning as but, but maybe not quite so informal. Ok, what about slightly more formal
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but๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„, ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ
01:58
again? 'My holiday was very expensive nevertheless I had a good time' 'nevertheless i had a good
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? '๋‚ด ํœด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„์ŒŒ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋‹ค' '๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€
02:07
time.' So there, same meaning as however but it's slightly more formal, ok? So fantastic,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.' ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
we've got three words that are connecting these two ideas. In terms of the position
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์œ„์น˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ
02:19
in a sentence usually we don't put but at the beginning of a sentence, certainly not
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™•์‹คํžˆ
02:24
in written English, in spoken English you might start with but. However can go at the
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๋ฌธ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” but์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฒ˜์Œ์ด๋‚˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:28
beginning or in the middle, sometimes at the end as well. nevertheless also can go in the
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒํ™ฉ์—
02:35
middle, at the beginning, at the end, depending on the situation. If we want to make something
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๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—, ์ฒ˜์Œ์—, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:40
that we have already said sound less strong then we use these two words 'mind you' and
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋œ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด '์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์จ'์™€ '์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:50
'still'. They are both quite informal, usually in spoken English. 'He's always late. Mind
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. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Šฆ๋Š”๋‹ค.
02:56
you so am I' So I'm trying to contrast these two things. He's always late. I'm trying to
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Šฆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋„
03:07
soften that by saying well ok me too. So maybe trying to not sound so strong or I don't want
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„์—ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ
03:14
to sound mean so yeah he's always late, ok mind you so am I. Maybe we're trying to provide
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Šฆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:21
some balance to what we are saying here. He's always late but ok mind you so am I. 'I don't
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋‚˜๋Š”
03:30
like my flat. Still the location is pretty good.' So again I'm trying to soften that
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๋‚ด ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ๊ฝค ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ
03:37
first thing by saying well ok, it's not a nice flat but the location is ok. So I'm trying
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ "์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์€ ํ”Œ๋žซ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š”
03:44
to soften it and balance out what I'm trying to say. Now a great linking word is although
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋น„๋ก์ด๊ณ 
03:51
and we use this to contrast one clause with another clause. Often when maybe there's a
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•œ ์ ˆ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ˆ์„ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข…์ข…
03:57
surprising fact or something unexpected then we'll use although. 'Although I'm shy, I still
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ though๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ˆ˜์ค์Œ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ํŽธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
04:04
like to meet new people.' So although is contrasting the fact that although I'm shy but surprisingly
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.' ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋น„๋ก ๋‚ฏ๊ฐ€๋ฆผ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์˜์™ธ๋กœ
04:14
I like to meet new people. So again contrasting two things. So maybe something is slightly
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„
04:19
unexpected or a bit surprising we'll contrast it in that way. 'They really love each other
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์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
04:25
although i don't think they are going to get married yet.' Again, contrasting these two
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์•„์ง ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์ •๋ง ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.' ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:34
things. They really love each other but I don't think they'll get married yet. So you
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. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ง ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€์ด
04:38
kind of balance out these two things. We can also use even though in place of although,
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์žก์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
they are synonyms in this situation. 'Even though I'm shy, I like to meet new people.'
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์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋น„๋ก ๋™์˜์–ด์ธ even ๋Œ€์‹  even์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ' ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›Œ๋„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด.'
04:48
It's the same meaning as although in this situation. If you want to compare two things
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๋น„๋ก ์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ต
04:56
and show that there is a big difference you can use the word 'whereas'. 'Bankers get paid
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด '๋ฐ˜๋ฉด'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์€ํ–‰๊ฐ€๋Š”
05:02
millions whereas nurses and teacher get paid nearly nothing.' So whereas is contrasting
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
05:09
these two ideas and showing how big a difference there is. Millions of pounds for the bankers,
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
05:15
not a lot of money for the teachers and nurses for example. 'My brother is amazing at football
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๊ต์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์€ํ–‰๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . '๋‚ด ๋™์ƒ์€ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š”
05:24
whereas I'm terrible.' Again, contrasting the difference between our abilities to play
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†๋‹ค.' ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:30
football. If we want to show surprise at two contrasting things we can use yet, still or
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. ๋Œ€์กฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋†€๋ผ์›€์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด yet, still ๋˜๋Š”
05:37
in spite of. For example 'I woke up super late today and yet i still managed to get
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Invenment of๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„
05:42
to work on time.' So there, it's quite a surprising
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์ •์‹œ์— ์ถœ๊ทผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฝค ๋†€๋ผ์šด
05:52
thing, I woke up really late, super late and the surprising thing is that I got to work
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์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ฃผ ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:58
on time. So with yet or still or in spite of we can show that surprise. Let me add in
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•„์ง ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋†€๋ผ์›€์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
spite of to show you how I'd use that. So I'd put that at the beginning and I'd use
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ 
06:09
it with an -ing form, ok? So 'In spite of waking up late I got to work on time.' So
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-ing ํ˜•์‹๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ' ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋„ ์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
06:22
you see it's in spite of and then waking with the -ing form there. 'In spite of waking up
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— -ing ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊นจ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . '๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ์ œ
06:27
late I got to work on time.' Alright, so those are some really great linking words to join
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ์™”์–ด์š”.' ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
06:33
your ideas together and create more fluent sentences. I want to say a particular thank
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ์œ ์ฐฝํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ง ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
you to Ellen and Urara who asked their question about how they can make more fluent sentences
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06:45
and sentences that are a little more complicated so not just short sentences but using words
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์งง์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
06:51
to join up their sentences to create longer structures. So a little thank you to Ellen
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•œ Ellen๊ณผ Urara์—๊ฒŒ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
and Urara who asked that question, I hope you found that useful. I will do more videos
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๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹  Ellen๊ณผ Urara์—๊ฒŒ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹จ์–ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:02
on linking words because I think they are really useful. We will look at different categories
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.
07:06
of linking words and how best to use them. But today I just wanted to focus on words
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์™€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:11
that helped us to contrast different ideas. Alright guys, thank you so much for hanging
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. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„,
07:15
out with me. Remember I've got new videos every Tuesday and every Friday bringing you
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๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ ค์ค˜์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ํ™”์š”์ผ๊ณผ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ๋งˆ๋‹ค
07:20
fresh modern British English. This is Tom, the Chief Dreamer, saying goodbye.
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์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ž‘๋ณ„์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋จธ ํ†ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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