English Grammar - Word Endings - What are suffixes?

590,746 views ใƒป 2014-02-09

ENGLISH with James


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Teacher favorites.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
00:01
What should we do now?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:04
Hi.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
00:05
James, from EngVid.
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EngVid์˜ ์ œ์ž„์Šค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
00:07
Looking for classroom stuff because you know we have so much here for you.
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ต์‹ค ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:11
But before I forget, I can't do my job without my favorite pal in the world, Mr. E. And this
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ €๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์ธ Mr. E ์—†์ด๋Š” ์ œ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
00:23
lesson today, actually, guys, it's sort of a lesson that we did before, and it's a second
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ „์— ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ
00:29
part.
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๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
I didn't say it was a second part, but it is.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ
00:34
You'll go back -- if you go to EngVid, you can see the lesson on prefixes, which funny
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๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ EngVid๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
enough, is the beginning of the word, and this is the end of the word, which are called
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ "์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:44
"suffixes".
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.
00:45
Let's start from the beginning.
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์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:48
What are suffixes?
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์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:49
Let's go to the board.
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๋ณด๋“œ์— ๊ฐ€์ž.
00:51
A suffix: "suf" means -- this part of the word here actually means "under".
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์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ: "suf"๋Š” -- ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ "์•„๋ž˜"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
It means "under" or "lower".
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"์•„๋ž˜" ๋˜๋Š” "๋‚ฎ์€"์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
Why?
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์™œ?
01:03
When we did prefixes, prefixes meant "before", which meant you put two, three, or five letters
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์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋Š” "์ด์ „"์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‹จ์–ด ์•ž์— 2, 3 ๋˜๋Š” 5๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:09
in front of a word.
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.
01:10
And that actually changed the meaning of the word if you remember.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:13
If we did "do" and "redo", they're not the same meaning.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "do"์™€ "redo"๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
"Do" -- one time, "redo" means "start again".
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"Do" -- ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, "redo"๋Š” "๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘"์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
When we do suffixes, a suffix goes on the end of the word.
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์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
And I'm going to try to explain to you by going here first.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋จผ์ € ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์…”์„œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
Grammar suffixes.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ.
01:29
You've seen these before.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ „์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
S, ED, and ING.
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S, ED, ING.
01:35
When we have S -- you know if you see a pronoun ending in S, like -- sorry.
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S๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ -- S๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด -- ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
A verb, I should say.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”.
01:46
"She is", "he goes" -- you know by seeing the S on the end of that verb that that verb
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"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”", "๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹ค" -- ๊ทธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
01:52
is taking on a third person singular.
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3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— ์žˆ๋Š” S๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
In other words, it's talking about a person we don't know, right?
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์ฆ‰, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ  ?
01:59
And it's a singular person.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋…๋ณด์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
So that's the grammar suffix, one letter added on.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ๊ธ€์ž๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:04
When you see ED on the end of the word, you know that that means this verb is in the past.
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๋‹จ์–ด ๋์— ED๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉด ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
"I watch TV all the time."
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"์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ TV๋ฅผ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:12
"I watched television last night."
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"์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์„ ๋ดค์–ด์š”."
02:14
"I stopped my car in front of the house."
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"์ง‘ ์•ž์— ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์„ธ์› ์–ด์š”."
02:18
This is something that happened in the past, not now.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:21
When we have the third ending you're familiar with, ING, they're used for gerunds.
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์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์–ด๋ฏธ์ธ ING๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
And you know the gerund has three uses: It's either a present participle -- working, talking,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šฉ๋„๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ -- ์ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ,
02:34
singing; an adjective -- a climbing tree or a swimming pool; or just a noun -- cooking.
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๋…ธ๋ž˜ํ•˜๊ณ ; ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ -- ๋“ฑ๋ฐ˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ; ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ช…์‚ฌ -- ์š”๋ฆฌ.
02:43
Yeah, I know.
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๋„ค, ์•Œ์•„์š”.
02:44
All end in ING, but they have three different functions.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ING๋กœ ๋๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
Well, these are examples of suffixes -- letters at the end of the word that change the class
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์Œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋ž˜์Šค
02:54
or the verb function, you might say, or the grammar function.
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๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ๋์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
But it doesn't actually change the meaning of the word.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:02
"Swim", "swimming" -- similar.
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"์ˆ˜์˜", "์ˆ˜์˜" -- ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
03:05
Now, how do I explain this?
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
03:06
Well, when we do this, we do the same thing here, which is grammar, specifically, but
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
03:11
now, we can change the word class.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” class๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
What I mean is going from -- this is just changing a verb.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ~์—์„œ ์˜จ๋‹ค -- ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
We're actually going to change the class from, maybe, a noun to an adjective or an adverb,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ์š”,
03:23
okay?
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์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
03:24
With me so far?
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚˜๋ž‘?
03:25
It's easy.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์–ด
03:26
We're going to add a few letters at the end of the word, and it will change what type
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๋์— ๋ช‡ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์ด ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:29
of word it is.
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.
03:30
Is it a noun?
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
03:32
Is it a verb?
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๋™์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
03:33
Is it an adverb?
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
03:34
Is it an adjective?
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
03:35
That's it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ.
03:36
And by doing these -- adding some of these, that's how we do it in English.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ -- ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
Excuse me.
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์‹ค๋ก€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๋ฒˆ
03:42
So let's take a look.
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์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:45
These are the top three that you'll find in English.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒ์œ„ 3๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:49
On the last video, at the end of the video, I told you, like, we don't use these for 95
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ, ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๋์—์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ 95% ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
03:52
percent, so I'll fix this now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
These are the most common, and what I mean by "common" is "most useful for you."
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋ฉฐ "๊ณตํ†ต"์ด๋ž€ "๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค"๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
There are many other suffixes.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
But these are most useful for you to kind of figure out or understand words that you'll
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
04:08
see because this will tell you what's, basically, the meaning.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:11
So I'm going to help you with what the meaning is and how it changes it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡ ์ธ์ง€, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋„์›€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
So you can look at words and kind of go, "Okay, this must be a noun because I see this ending.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ข‹์•„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์–ด๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž„์— ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†๋‹ค.
04:20
Or this must be an adjective."
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž„์— ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†๋‹ค."
04:22
Sound cool?
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๋ฉ‹์ง„๊ฐ€์š”?
04:23
Let's go to the board.
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๋ณด๋“œ์— ๊ฐ€์ž.
04:24
Mr. E, help me with the class.
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E ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜, ์ˆ˜์—… ๋„์™€์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
04:27
It's a joke.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†๋‹ด.
04:28
See, you're the class now and "word class".
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๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด๊ณ  "๋‹จ์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
Anyway.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„.
04:32
The first one we're going to look at is MENT, m-e-n-t.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์€ MENT, m-e-n-t์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
"Government", "improvement", all right?
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"์ •๋ถ€", "๊ฐœ์„ ", ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
04:39
When we add MENT to the end of a word, it's used to make nouns.
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๋‹จ์–ด ๋์— MENT๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
So what you'll see is this added to a word becomes a noun.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜์–ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
And what does it mean?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:48
Well, it means an action or process.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:51
So we talk about government, you think, "Okay, now, it's the people, like the president -- President
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
Obama, President Reagan, Prime Minister Harper."
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์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น, ๋ ˆ์ด๊ฑด ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น, ํ•˜ํผ ์ด๋ฆฌ."
04:59
Yeah, I like him.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.
05:03
Anyway.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„.
05:04
Sorry.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
It's a process.
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๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
So we talk about government is helping the people.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋•๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:08
That's what they do when they govern.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ†ต์น˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
When we put MENT in, we talk about the institution or the group of people that help the People.
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MENT๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์„ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋•๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
Cool?
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ?
05:16
So "governing" the verb means to help the People; "government" is the group of people
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ "ํ†ต์น˜"๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ •๋ถ€"๋Š”
05:21
or institution of people that help the People.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋•๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
That's one example.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
But let's look here, okay?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
05:27
So we know it's a process or an action, which is when it happens, because we're taking a
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ 
05:31
verb and adding this ending to make it a noun, something we can touch, okay?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ์–ด๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
I'm going to give you a word you've probably heard before, or hopefully you don't have
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•„๋งˆ ์ด์ „์— ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋˜๋Š” ํฌ๋ง์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
05:40
many of them, but you know what they are: argue.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๋…ผ์Ÿ.
05:43
"To argue" something, as a verb, is to try to prove something is true.
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"To argument"๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž„์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
Or when two people fight -- but not physically, verbal, "verbal" meaning with your mouth -- they
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๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‹ธ์šธ ๋•Œ -- ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œก์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์–ธ์–ด์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ž…์œผ๋กœ "์–ธ์–ด์ " ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ
05:54
fight with each other, like, "I don't agree.
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
You agree."
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
05:57
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
05:58
So you put forth, or we say -- you say you give an argument.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ํŽผ์นœ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
What you think is true is your argument.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
We also do it in essays on paper.
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์ข…์ด์— ์—์„ธ์ด๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
They call it a "thesis", but what is your argument?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ "๋…ผ๋ฌธ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
06:08
Your idea you think is true that you want to compete or fight with other people's argument.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
See, that's a process, right?
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๋ด, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ณผ์ •์ด์•ผ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
06:16
I say, you say, he says, you say.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.
06:18
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
06:19
So it's the process or action of not agreeing with each other or verbal fight.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ง์‹ธ์›€์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‹ค .
06:24
So then, you say to me, "Well, what is an 'argument'?"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ "์Œ, '์ธ์ˆ˜'๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
Well, an argument is, as I said, it could be just that, an idea that you think this
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋…ผ์Ÿ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:32
is true.
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.
06:33
This is my argument, my thought.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ, ๋‚˜์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
So you're not actually doing it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
That's the argument.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
Or you could have that verbal fight.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
You say they're having an argument because it's a process; it's ongoing; they're doing
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:44
it; and you can see them fighting, like, "I don't agree!
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; " ๋™์˜ ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”!
06:46
Blah, blah, blah!
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์–ด์ฉŒ๊ตฌ ์ €์ฉŒ๊ตฌ! ์–ด์ฉŒ๊ตฌ
06:47
Blah, blah, blah!
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์ €์ฉŒ๊ตฌ!
06:48
You should wear blue socks!"
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ํŒŒ๋ž€ ์–‘๋ง์„ ์‹ ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”!"
06:49
Right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
06:50
That's a verbal fight.
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๋ง์‹ธ์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
And you say, "But it's an argument.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
It's one form of communication.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์‚ฌ ์†Œํ†ต์˜ ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
And it's a particular form at that time, okay?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์˜ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
06:57
So here's a process, argue.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
An "argument" is when one group of people are fighting or an idea you want to prove
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"๋…ผ์Ÿ"์€ ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ธ์šธ ๋•Œ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด
07:03
is true, all right?
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, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€? ๋˜
07:06
What else can we say?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์–ด? ๋˜
07:07
I'll give you another one.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ค„๊ฒŒ.
07:09
Encourage.
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07:10
Encourage.
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07:11
It comes from the French, "en", "to put in"; and "courage" -- for the heart, all right?
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07:16
So you encourage somebody; you motivate them.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
And to "motivate" them means to say or do things to make them feel that they can do
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ "๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ"ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๋„๋ก ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
it.
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07:24
As Obama would say, "Yes, we can."
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์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด "์˜ˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:26
Okay?
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?
07:27
"You can, too, with EngVid."
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"EngVid์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:28
Okay?
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์˜ค์ผ€์ด?
07:29
So you encourage somebody, all right?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
07:31
You say, "Yeah!
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ "๊ทธ๋ž˜! ํ• 
07:32
You can do it!
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”!
07:33
Come on!
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์–ด์„œ ํ•ด๋ด์š”!
07:34
Yay!"
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์•ผํ˜ธ!"
07:35
All right?
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์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
07:36
"Encourage".
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"๊ฒฉ๋ ค".
07:37
Now, that's the verb.
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์ž, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
"Encouragement" may be what you do.
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"๊ฒฉ๋ ค"๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
You go, "Are you going to encourage your son to go to law school?"
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ "์•„๋“ค์ด ๋กœ์Šค์ฟจ์— ๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•  ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š” ?"
07:42
"Well, yeah."
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"์Œ, ์˜ˆ."
07:43
"Well, what are you going to give him for encouragement?
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" ๊ฒฉ๋ ค๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ค„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š” ?
07:45
Will it be words?
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๋ง์ด ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
07:46
Will it be a book?
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์ฑ…์ด ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
07:47
Will it be the money?
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๋ˆ์ด ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
07:48
The money?
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๋ˆ?
07:50
The money?
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๋ˆ?
07:51
Yeah.
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์‘.
07:52
Give him the money.
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๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ค˜.
07:53
That encourages people.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
It motivates."
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:55
So an "encouragement" would be similar.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "๊ฒฉ๋ ค"๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ
07:56
It would be, you know -- encouragement could be the words you give to someone to make them
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๊ฒฉ๋ ค๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ง์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
08:00
want to do it or something you give them like a book or a pen, right?
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์ฑ…์ด๋‚˜ ํŽœ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ?
08:05
And "to encourage" is the verb.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
So that's another example of how MENT is used to show a process or action.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด MENT๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
That was number one.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
Let's go down.
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์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:15
Mr. E are you ready for ANCE?
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E ์”จ, ANCE ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:17
Sometimes, ANCE has an E. I put a little E there because it might be like this.
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ANCE์—๋Š” E๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. . ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ E๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ
08:21
It might look like this, okay?
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๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
Now, this is because there is a Latin -- it comes from the Latin language.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -- ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด์—์„œ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
And there aren't really -- there isn't really a rule I can give you to tell you why ENCE
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -- ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์™œ ENCE์ธ์ง€ ANCE์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
or ANCE.
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08:32
And I'm very sorry about that.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
I did look.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
I'm only human.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
But you should be aware it could be spelled either this way or that way.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ €๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
08:41
Once again, similar to MENT, it's used to make nouns.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ MENT์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:43
And the meaning is also similar, very similar.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜๋ฏธ๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:47
Because especially when we do nouns, a lot of nouns just describe action.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํŠนํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋™์ž‘์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
Well, when we say something like, "law", you know, "the law", to be practicing law -- a
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์Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "๋ฒ•๋ฅ ", ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ "๋ฒ•๋ฅ "์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:57
lawyer is the person that practices the law.
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๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
See?
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๋ณด๋‹ค?
09:01
That's another suffix.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
ER usually means person or thing that does something.
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ER์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:05
So it's not a surprise that we add these suffixes on, and they take -- they come from actions
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š”
09:11
or processes or "processes" depending on where you live.
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์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ž‘์—… ๋˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ๋˜๋Š” "ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค"์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:14
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
09:15
So in this case, we're going to look at this one.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:20
This one is used to make action or process -- but it also talks about a state or quality.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒํƒœ๋‚˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
I picked this very weird word for a reason because it expresses a state or quality.
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์ด ์•„์ฃผ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋‚˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
I didn't want to talk about action or process; I wanted to show you this because for some
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ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
09:34
of you, you're going to say, "Teacher, what is a 'state' or 'quality'?"
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” "์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜, '์ƒํƒœ' ๋˜๋Š” 'ํŠน์„ฑ'์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
A "state" is -- think of love.
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"์ƒํƒœ"๋Š” - ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
09:41
When you love someone, it's not an action you do, but it's where you exist.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
Now, we're getting very deep.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊นŠ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
It's gone from English to...
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ...
09:49
PhilosoVid?
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PhilosoVid?
09:50
That's it!
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ!
09:51
The new one, PhilosoVid.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ, PhilosoVid.
09:54
All right, anyway.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ .
09:56
So I needed a word to show you this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ๋ง์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
Now, for some of you, if you're religious -- or if not religious, you love your sports
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์ž, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ข…๊ต๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ข…๊ต๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์Šคํƒ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
stars, right?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
10:09
Like Mike Tyson, Muhammad Ali, you hold them in great -- you revere them.
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๋งˆ์ดํฌ ํƒ€์ด์Šจ, ๋ฌดํ•˜๋งˆ๋“œ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ™๋“ค๊ณ  ์กด๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
Or even political leaders or generals, right?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ •์น˜ ์ง€๋„์ž๋‚˜ ์žฅ๊ตฐ๋“ค๋„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
10:16
You hold them in great esteem or revere, meaning respect.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์กด๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์™ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์กด๊ฒฝ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
You hold them and think you give them great respect.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์•ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํฐ ์กด๊ฒฝ์‹ฌ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:21
You can say you "revere" something.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ "์กด๊ฒฝํ•œ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
Or even an idea.
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๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด.
10:24
Freedom.
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์ž์œ .
10:25
God, I'm going crazy.
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๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ, ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ์ณ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„.
10:27
All right.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
10:28
But when we have "reverence" for something, all right, it's the quality of having this
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด "๊ฒฝ์™ธ์‹ฌ"์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋•Œ, ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
10:34
belief or this great respect for something.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด๋‚˜ ํฐ ์กด๊ฒฝ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
So "revere" is to have great respect; "reverence" is to be in the state of having it for something
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "revere"๋Š” ํฐ ์กด๊ฒฝ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์กด๊ฒฝ"์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:44
or someone.
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.
10:45
You know, "Show reverence for the flag."
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"๊ตญ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์˜๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค."
10:47
So you see the flag; every time you salute, and you wait for a few seconds for all the
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๊นƒ๋ฐœ์ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ๋ก€๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตญ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ์ดˆ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:51
people who fight for the flag.
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.
10:53
Yes.
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์˜ˆ.
10:54
Show your reverence -- a state of respect, okay?
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์กด๊ฒฝ์‹ฌ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” -- ์กด์ค‘์˜ ์ƒํƒœ, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
10:58
You like that one?
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด?
10:59
Me too.
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์ €๋„์š”.
11:00
There's another one called "deference" and "defer".
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"deference"์™€ "defer"๋ผ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:04
I'll do it quickly.
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๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
11:08
When you have "deference" for someone, you say you have superior position to me, and
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ "๊ฒฝ์˜"๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์šฐ์›”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ 
11:14
I show this by letting you go first.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋จผ์ € ๋†“์•„์คŒ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
So in deference to someone, you're literally saying, or you're saying, "They are better
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ "๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋‚ซ๊ณ 
11:21
and know more.
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๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
I step out of the way."
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์ €๋Š” ๋น„์ผœ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
This is a similar state of saying there's a state of respect for someone who is in a
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กด๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์ด๋ฉฐ
11:28
higher position, and I show this by stepping aside.
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, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋น„์ผœ์„œ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:31
"Deferring" is like when I defer to my colleague or defer to my worker.
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"์—ฐ๊ธฐ"๋Š” ๋™๋ฃŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž‘์—…์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:35
I'm actually doing the action of stepping out of the way to give them a place.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋น„์ผœ์„  ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
"I will defer to you."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:41
I'm saying, "You know more, so I will listen to you."
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๋‚˜๋Š” "๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
Showing "deference" is here, "I show, I listen to you in great reverence and deference."
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"๊ฒฝ์˜"๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๊ฒฝ๊ฑดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์˜๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
Those are two big words.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํฐ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
Good luck with that.
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์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋‚ด๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž„ ๊ฒŒ.
11:54
That's for those students that go, "I like your lessons, but it's too easy."
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ " ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ค์ง€๋งŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
Yeah.
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์‘.
11:59
Use those in a sentence right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:01
Who do you show deference to or reverence?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์˜๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์˜๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:03
And do they mean the same thing?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:04
I already told you they don't.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
On the quiz, for sure.
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ€ด์ฆˆ์—์„œ.
12:09
And now, number three.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
ABLE.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”.
12:14
Cain and Abel -- not related, okay?
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๊ฐ€์ธ๊ณผ ์•„๋ฒจ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
12:17
Not related.
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๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
But I wanted to show you something a little bit different.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:21
I've showed you -- or shown you, sorry.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”, ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
I've shown you how MENT and ANCE change words into nouns.
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MENT์™€ ANCE๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:27
And I don't want you to think that this is all that suffixes do.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์˜ ์ „๋ถ€๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:32
But I gave you two strong cases to help you remember this is what they're going to generally
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•  ์ผ์ž„์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:36
do.
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.
12:37
But I have one more case.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
And this is ABLE and IBLE.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ABLE๊ณผ IBLE์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
But what they do is something different.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
When they're used at the end as a suffix, they create adjectives.
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๋์— ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
They make a word an adjective.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:49
And in this specific case, what I want to talk about is how they change a word into
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
making something worthy, which means it is good -- similar to "good for".
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์ฆ‰, "good for"์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
But if you're "worth" something, it has value.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ "๊ฐ€์น˜"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
When something is "worthy", it has value enough for something.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด "๊ฐ€์น˜" ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
If somebody is "worthy of you" or "worthy for you", basically, what we're saying is
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ "๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค"๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ "๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค "๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
13:09
they have enough value that you can maintain a relationship with them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:13
If you say, "This is not worthy of me", it does not have enough value that we should
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"์ด๊ฑด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•„"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•  ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:17
be together.
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.
13:18
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:19
Or "good for", like "good for you".
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๋˜๋Š” "good for", "good for you"์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด.
13:21
So if I may, and if you can give me a second, I want to do this last one before we move,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ž ์‹œ๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
all right?
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13:28
Let's talk about the word "love".
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"์‚ฌ๋ž‘"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
13:29
Love is -- well, it's deep.
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘์€ ์Œ, ๊นŠ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
Deep, deep, deep like my voice.
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๋‚ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊นŠ๋‹ค, ๊นŠ๋‹ค, ๊นŠ๋‹ค.
13:35
Barry White is deep.
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๋ฐฐ๋ฆฌ ํ™”์ดํŠธ๋Š” ๊นŠ๋‹ค.
13:37
It's deep, romantic, and/or sexual feeling.
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๊นŠ๊ณ  ๋‚ญ๋งŒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
"Sexual feeling.
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"์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋Š๋‚Œ.
13:42
When I get the --" yeah.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ป์„ ๋•Œ --" ์˜ˆ.
13:43
You get it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป๋Š”๋‹ค.
13:44
You understand.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
13:46
So when you say somebody is "lovable", what you're really saying is "they are worthy of
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ "์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ "๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค
13:53
love".
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"๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
"They are not lovable" -- they do not deserve, or they should not be loved.
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"๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." -- ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘๋ฐ›์„ ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
"They are lovable" -- "Oh, so lovable, so cute, look at my little puppy!
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"๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ" -- "์˜ค, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ , ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ท€์—ฌ์›Œ. ๋‚ด ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€ ์ข€ ๋ด!
14:01
He's so cute!"
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ท€์—ฌ์›Œ!"
14:02
It's worthy.
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๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:03
It has the value to be loved.
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
And that's what ABLE means here, right?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ABLE์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:06
So it's an adjective.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
We say, "lovable kitten, lovable puppy.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด, ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€.
14:12
Right?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
14:13
Lovable desktop, laptop computer."
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐ์Šคํฌํ†ฑ, ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:15
No.
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์•„๋‡จ.
14:16
You don't say that, Son, but that's the next word I'm going to teach you, "enjoyable",
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์•„๋“ค์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์ค„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” "์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
okay?
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์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
14:21
So we can also say this to use the "good for" as in "enjoyable".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ "์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด"์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด "์ข‹์€"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:25
"To enjoy" is to get pleasure -- "pleasure" meaning happiness from something.
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"์ฆ๊ธด๋‹ค"๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์„ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€"์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ–‰๋ณต์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:29
If you enjoy it, it gives you happiness or pleasure, right?
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์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฉด ํ–‰๋ณต์ด๋‚˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
14:33
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
14:34
So when we say something is "enjoyable", it means it's good for fun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด "์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ข‹๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
"That's an enjoyable book."
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"์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ฑ…์ด๋‹ค."
14:39
It's not that it's got value -- "It's valuable.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ท€์ค‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
It's worthy of you because it is like you and fantastic!"
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๊ณ  ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค !"
14:45
No.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”.
14:46
It means it's good for fun.
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์žฌ๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ข‹๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:47
It's an enjoyable book.
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ฑ…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
It's good for fun.
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์žฌ๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
It's good for happiness or for pleasure.
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ํ–‰๋ณต์ด๋‚˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์— ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:51
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
14:52
So when you have it here -- I know I don't have it, but I gave you one visually.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:56
I'm giving you one audio -- auditory, auditory speech.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -- ์ฒญ๊ฐ, ์ฒญ๊ฐ ์—ฐ์„ค.
15:01
Why?
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์™œ?
15:02
Because there are different forms of learning.
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ํ•™์Šต์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
Visual is one -- I write for you.
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๋น„์ฃผ์–ผ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -- ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธ€์„ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
I speak.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.
15:08
You need to, when you practice your English, not just always have it written down for you.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ๋•Œ, ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ์–ด๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
15:13
You have to learn to capture the information through listening.
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:15
I've got at least two videos on listening skills, and you have to practice them on this
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋ฒˆ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์—์„œ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:20
lesson.
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.
15:21
As I said, some of you complain that it's too easy.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‰ฝ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:23
Well, now, it's a bit hard.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:26
They're here.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์žˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
The information's here.
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์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:28
If you're not listening, you're not catching.
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๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์žกํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
If you're not looking, you're not catching.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์žกํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
I'm giving you some serious vocabulary; I mean serious.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค; ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
Sorry.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:36
And some serious humor.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง„์ง€ํ•œ ์œ ๋จธ.
15:37
Anyway.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„.
15:38
All right, E?
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์•Œ์•˜์ง€, E?
15:39
So I gave you three of the most useful -- listen carefully because those of you out there who
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค ๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž˜ ๋“ค์œผ์„ธ์š”.
15:45
go, "Oh, but what about 'ness', and what about 'ly', and what about --" I know.
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"์˜ค, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'ness'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ณ  'ly'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ณ  --" ์ €๋Š” ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:48
I've got some other videos -- I already checked -- that have some of those endings.
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์ด๋ฏธ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์˜์ƒ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์—”๋”ฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
These are the three most useful because they will appear a lot, and they're going to let
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ด๋ฉฐ ,
15:56
you know that it's adjective or noun, action and process.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ, ํ–‰๋™ ๋ฐ ๊ณผ์ •์ž„์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:00
Boom.
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ํŒ”.
16:01
I helped you out, okay?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„์™€์คฌ์–ด, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
16:02
So we've got that.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:03
I gave you "enjoyable", "lovable".
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"์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€", "์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›€"์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:04
I gave you "revere" and "defer".
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ "๊ณต๊ฒฝ"๊ณผ "์ง€์—ฐ"์„ ์คฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
See?
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๋ณด๋‹ค?
16:08
I hope you're listening, okay?
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๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
16:10
I gave you "argument", and what's the other one I gave you besides "argue"?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ "๋…ผ์Ÿ"์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ  "๋…ผ์Ÿ"์™ธ์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ค€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:13
"Argument" and -- did we do "enjoyment"?
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"์ธ์ˆ˜"์™€ -- "์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€"์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:16
Did I forget "enjoyment"?
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"์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€"์„ ์žŠ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:18
I forgot "enjoyment".
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๋‚˜๋Š” "์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€"์„ ์žŠ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
That's my fault.
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๋‚ด ํƒ“์ด์•ผ.
16:22
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
16:23
"Enjoyment".
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"ํ–ฅ์œ ".
16:24
Similar to this.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:25
"To enjoy" is to get fun or -- similar to being -- you got it.
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"์ฆ๊ธด๋‹ค"๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ โ€“ ์กด์žฌ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ โ€“ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
Anyway.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„.
16:31
When we talk about someone's enjoyment -- oh, no.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ -- ์˜ค, ์•ˆ๋ผ.
16:33
I did give you the second one.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
16:35
I forgot.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์žŠ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
I lied.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
It's up to you to go back in the video and figure out what the second one was here.
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๋น„๋””์˜ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
Yeah.
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์‘.
16:40
See?
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๋ณด๋‹ค?
16:41
I'm making stuff up just to make you happy.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
No more of that.
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๋” ์ด์ƒ.
16:43
You earn -- you have to earn my respect.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒˆ๋‹ค -- ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜์˜ ์กด๊ฒฝ์„ ์–ป์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
16:44
You have to be worthy of my love.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์— ํ•ฉ๋‹นํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:46
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
16:47
Anyway.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„.
16:48
To go through it quickly but not so quickly.
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๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋น ๋ฅด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
We have two sets or two classes of suffixes.
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์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‘ ์„ธํŠธ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:55
The first one, you should be familiar with if you've done any grammar at all.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ํ•ด๋ดค๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ต์ˆ™ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:58
These are the grammar suffixes.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:00
They are grammar function.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
S -- talking about the third person.
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S -- 3์ธ์นญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:03
ED -- talking about the simple past.
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ED -- ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
ING -- which leads to gerunds.
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ING -- ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:07
And in gerunds, we're talking about nouns, adjectives, and present participle, okay?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ, ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
17:12
Then we talked about the second class of suffixes, which change the class of a word.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํด๋ž˜์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:16
And we did that here looking at -- we were taking verbs and making them adjectives, right?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -- ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
17:21
"Enjoyable" or "love".
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"์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€" ๋˜๋Š” "์‚ฌ๋ž‘".
17:23
And we took verbs over here and made them nouns.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์„œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:26
Similar in meaning, but we change the actual class.
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์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋น„์Šทํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:29
And this is good to know for (a) what the word means, and (b) how to use it properly
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ (a) ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ (b) ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์—์„œ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:34
in context.
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.
17:35
And that's what we mean by "properly" in your sentence and in your language, okay?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ "์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ"๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค , ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
17:41
So this is part two of prefixes is suffixes.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ ‘๋‘์–ด์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:45
It wasn't listed as part two.
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2ํŽธ์— ์ˆ˜๋ก๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:46
But if you know the beginning, which is prefix for "pre", you should know the end, which
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ "pre"์˜ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์ธ ์‹œ์ž‘์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
17:51
is "suf", "suf" for "end".
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"suf", "suf"๊ฐ€ "end"์ธ ๋์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:53
See?
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๋ณด๋‹ค?
17:54
Cool, right?
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๋ฉ‹์ง€์ฃ ?
17:55
Like a Bond movie.
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๋ณธ๋“œ ์˜ํ™”์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ.
17:56
All right.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
17:58
Thank you very much.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:59
Mr. E, of course, it's always been -- well, you are number one in my heart.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  E ์”จ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ œ ๋งˆ์Œ์†์˜ 1์ธ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:02
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
18:03
I hope this has been enjoyable for you.
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋˜์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:05
I'm going to wrap this up, okay?
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์ด๋งŒ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
18:07
Anyway.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„.
18:08
No argument.
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์ธ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ.
18:09
This has been a valuable lesson.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:11
And I'm sure you'll show the proper reverence when you finish and do the quiz, all right?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋๋‚ด๊ณ  ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ฑดํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ด์š” , ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
18:16
Have a good one.
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์ข‹์€์ด.
18:17
We'll see you soon.
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๊ณง ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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