Modals in English - MUST

143,798 views ใƒป 2010-10-06

ENGLISH with James


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
There must be something I could watchโ€ฆmust beโ€ฆoh hi, James.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผโ€ฆ ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์ดโ€ฆ ์˜ค ์•ˆ๋…•, ์ œ์ž„์Šค.
00:15
I was just looking at the paper, because we have a festival in Toronto called TIFF, Toronto
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ํ† ๋ก ํ† ์—์„œ TIFF๋ผ๋Š” ์ถ•์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ† ๋ก ํ† 
00:20
International Film Festival, something like that, happens every year and they always have
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๊ตญ์ œ ์˜ํ™”์ œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค๋…„ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ํ•ญ์ƒ
00:24
these great movies.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ƒ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
But I usually find it difficult to find something and this year I thought I must go and see
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ํ‰์†Œ์— ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์šฐ๋‹ˆ ์˜ฌํ•ด๋Š” ์ถ•์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ผญ ๊ฐ€๋ด์•ผ์ง€,
00:29
the festival and there must be something I could watch and if I miss it, I must not miss
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๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ์ง€, ๋†“์น˜๋ฉด ๋†“์ณ์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค
00:35
it this year.
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.
00:36
That's what I was thinking.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
00:37
And when I thought of that, I thought of you.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
That's right, I thought of you, because I thought you probably want to know why we
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
00:42
use must in so many different ways, and they're different.
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must๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:46
So I came up with somethingโ€ฆwell, let's talk to Mr. E, he came up with something.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ƒˆ์–ด...๊ธ€์Ž„, Mr. E์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ž, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ƒˆ์–ด.
00:51
He said, "That must be a new watch, because you haven't been wearing one."
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๊ทธ๋Š” " ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ƒˆ ์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
Hmm, what do we mean?
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ํ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:56
Well, let's look over hereโ€ฆmust.
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์Œ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹คโ€ฆ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ.
01:00
Must actually isn't what you think it is.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
Must means thisโ€ฆdot U, dot S, dot T. Huh, well, it'sโ€ฆactually, I don't understandโ€ฆhold
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Must๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. U, S, T. ํ—ˆ, ์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฑดโ€ฆ
01:21
on a second.
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01:23
Must, and then we put this here.
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋„ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
Must actually, to me, is a big sentence of "must be understood as a statement of truth."
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ Must ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” "์ง„์‹ค์˜ ์ง„์ˆ ๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค"๋Š” ํฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
When we say "must," someone's trying to tell you something is true, okay?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
01:56
Now, from that "something is true" comes all of this information.
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์ด์ œ "๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์—์„œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
Let me give you the first one.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
Let's look at number one.
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1๋ฒˆ์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:05
Logical conclusion.
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฒฐ๋ก .
02:06
Well, "must be understood as a statement of truth."
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์Œ, " ์ง„์‹ค์˜ ์ง„์ˆ ๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:10
Now we did "must," if you noticed.
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์ด์ œ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ" ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:12
Now if we look at "be," we say, because we usually say in English, "must be."
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์ด์ œ "be"๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ณดํ†ต ์˜์–ด๋กœ "must be"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— "be"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
Mr. E must be wearing a new watch, because I've never seen it before.
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E์”จ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ƒˆ ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
An example would be this, because "be" here stands for "believe."
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ "be"๋Š” "๋ฏฟ๋‹ค"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
So I must understand something as a statement of truth, and I believe it's true.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง„์‹ค์˜ ์ง„์ˆ ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
Cool?
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ?
02:38
Alright.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
02:39
So we go for our first example.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
So we've got "believe," and I would say, "It must be a new watch."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๋ฏฟ์Œ"์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” "์ƒˆ ์‹œ๊ณ„์ž„์— ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Why did I say that?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์ง€?
02:45
Number one, I have not seen it before.
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์ฒซ์งธ, ์ „์— ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
02:54
That's number one.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
Number two, okay, well, it doesn't have to be new, I haven't seen it before.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กญ์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
But he doesn't have a watch.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
So if I know he doesn't have a watch, and I have not seen this watch before, I would
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์ด ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ „์— ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ
03:16
say -- that's very fancy English for "therefore," see, "therefore," okay?
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๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "therefore"์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "therefore"๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
03:28
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
03:31
It must be new.
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์ƒˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
So what I'm saying here is, fact one, I've never seen it before.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ•˜๋‚˜, ์ „์— ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
Fact two, he doesn't own a watch.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
So conclusion, or logical conclusion, it must be a new watch.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฒฐ๋ก , ํ˜น์€ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๊ณ„์ž„์— ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†๋‹ค.
03:44
Cool?
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ?
03:45
Alright.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
03:46
And that comes from, remember what I said?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:48
Must be understood as a statement of truth.
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์ง„๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง„์ˆ ๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
Now here's the key thing.
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์ด์ œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
Just because I've done this, and in this case, it might be true, it might not be.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
Maybe Mr. E borrowed the watch from his brother, right?
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E์”จ๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์—๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋นŒ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”?
04:00
Maybe he borrowed it, he goes, "That's cool, can I borrow it for today?"
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๋นŒ๋ ธ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  "๋ฉ‹์ง€๋„ค์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋นŒ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?"
04:02
It's not new, it's an old watch, and he still doesn't have a watch.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์‹œ๊ณ„ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
But it's only true I haven't seen it before.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์— ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
That doesn't necessarily make it true, okay?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
04:12
So when we say it is what I believe to be true, and that's what you must understand
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง„์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
04:15
here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
And that's the key to "must be."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ"์˜ ์—ด์‡ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
The key is "believe," and that's why we get a logical conclusion.
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ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ "๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ" ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ์–ป๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
If the facts are true, then this must be true.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
Now this is true in the present tense.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:27
Now we can also talk about this in the future tense, like "you must be."
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์ด์ œ "you must be"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
So we can talk about it in the future sense, "You must be leaving soon."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณง ๋– ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:46
Why?
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์™œ?
04:47
Because you have to be home by 8 o'clock, it's now 7.30, it's also getting dark,
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์ง‘์— 8์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์•ผํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ 7์‹œ 30๋ถ„์ด๊ณ  ๋‚ ๋„ ์–ด๋‘์›Œ์ง€๊ณ 
04:51
and you have to drive, so you must be leaving soon, right?
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์šด์ „๋„ ํ•ด์•ผ๋˜์„œ ๊ณง ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
04:54
Logical conclusion.
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฒฐ๋ก .
04:55
Now if I want to say something about it in the past, I have to change it just so slightly.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„์ฃผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
Now I want to use this term, if I want to say this in the past, okay?
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
05:07
So we did "future," I just showed that, but if I want to say "past," I'm going
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๋ฏธ๋ž˜"๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ ธ์ง€๋งŒ "๊ณผ๊ฑฐ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:11
to do something here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
I'm going to add "have," okay?
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"have"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
05:18
I've talked about this before in other lessons, so you might want to go check them out, where
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์ „์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
05:21
I talk about "have" and its modal use, or its perfect use.
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"have"์™€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋˜๋Š” ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
"Have" is usually a connector, it connects things, that's what I say "have" means.
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"๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค"๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ปค๋„ฅํ„ฐ์ด๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ "๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค"๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
In this case, "you must have been."
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์ด."
05:32
So by adding "have," I have to use a postparticiple, verb in its postparticiple form.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "have"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ›„๋ถ„์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
That tells me it's in the past.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
So if I say, "You must have been tired yesterday," okay?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ "์–ด์ œ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ–ˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์‘?
05:46
I'm actually saying, "I believe," because that's good, "must have," "in the
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค "๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:49
past, yesterday, you were tired."
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."
05:51
So, "You must have been tired yesterday."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "์–ด์ œ๋Š” ํ”ผ๊ณคํ–ˆ๊ฒ ๊ตฌ๋‚˜."
05:57
Now once again, I could do something like, "Because you worked a lot, you didn't
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ "๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
06:02
eat a lot, and you didn't get any sleep, therefore, you must have been tired yesterday,
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๋งŽ์ด ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ , ์ž ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชป ์žค ์œผ๋‹ˆ ์˜ค๋Š˜์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์–ด์ œ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ
06:07
not today."
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."
06:08
Cool?
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ?
06:09
All right.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
06:10
So we've shown how we can use "must be" to show something is what someone believes
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ง„์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด "must be"๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:14
to be true in the past, in the present, and in the future.
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.
06:19
Now, you're probably thinking, "Well, that's all nice, but why do sometimes people
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹ค ์ข‹์€๋ฐ ์™œ ๊ฐ€๋” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
06:23
say, 'You must not be'?"
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'๋„Œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ• ๊นŒ?"
06:25
It's still what I think is true, but we call it sort of like a negative proof.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
What do I mean by negative proof?
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:32
So let's add that in there, okay?
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
06:34
So I'm still going to say it's "believe."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ "๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
You still believe something, even though you say "not," because normally you say
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ "์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด "
06:39
"not," you mean "no."
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์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— "์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
06:41
Normally that's what happens.
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๋ณดํ†ต์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
You say "not," "no."
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ "์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค", "์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
But it's a negative proof, to give you an example.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:49
I want to put that, because that's in "past."
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "๊ณผ๊ฑฐ"์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
07:06
Let's go like this for you.
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์ž.
07:07
Okay, Mr. E, okay, has no job.
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. E ์”จ, ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์—…์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
07:16
Mr. E has no money.
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E์”จ๋Š” ๋ˆ์ด ์—†๋‹ค.
07:25
And you might say, "Therefore, Mr. E must not be happy."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ E ์”จ๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
07:40
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
07:43
So in this case, we're saying it's a negative proof, saying, "Yes, I believe something
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด
07:45
is true, but in a negative sense, not a positive sense."
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
Right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
07:50
Because otherwise, I'd have to say, "Mr. E must be unhappy," which is just flipping
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด "Mr. E๋Š” ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
07:53
this position of the adjective.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹๋’ค์ง‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
07:56
So that's why you hear "must not be."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "์•ˆ ๋ผ"๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
It's basically a strong belief in something, right?
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด์ฃ ?
08:02
But in a negative way of saying it.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด.
08:04
Cool.
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ.
08:05
So we've done the positive, "must be."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค"๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
We've done the negative, "must not be."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
We've done the past, "must have been."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ" ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
So why don't we look down to here?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
08:13
As I said to you, it's funny how we go from something you believe to something that's
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ
08:17
absolutely necessary, necessity.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ, ํ•„์—ฐ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ์šฐ์Šค๊ฝ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
08:20
So then we go from here, the next step was go, "must."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ".
08:23
Remember what we said?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:24
"Must be understood as something, as a statement of truth."
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"๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€, ์ง„์‹ค์˜ ์ง„์ˆ ๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
08:27
Right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
08:28
We look at this.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
Strong recommendation.
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ถ”์ฒœ. ๊ทธ๊ฑด
08:32
By the way, something before I forget.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ , ์žŠ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ญ”๊ฐ€.
08:35
When we say "must" here, I said we always say "must be."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
That's not necessarily true.
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
That's not necessarily true.
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
Because sometimes when we say that, I don't mean something "must be."
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๊ฐ€๋” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค"๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
08:47
I can say, "must like," for instance.
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"์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:51
"Must like."
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"์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด."
08:53
And what I mean by that is, you must like ice cream because you buy it all the time.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š” ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
You offer it to your friends, and it's always in your house.
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์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
You must like ice cream.
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์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
In this case, it's still "believe," but I'm just going straight here because something
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ "๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค"์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด
09:05
must be a statement of truth.
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์ง„์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง„์ˆ ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
And I don't have to put "believe."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” "๋ฏฟ๋‹ค"๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์„ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
It's understood to be believed.
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๋ฏฟ์–ด์•ผ ์ดํ•ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
09:11
So sometimes when you see it like that, you have to look for context because context is
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์ด ์ „๋ถ€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:14
everything.
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.
09:16
And in this case, we're saying, "I believe still."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
09:19
Cool.
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ.
09:20
Next one.
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๋‹ค์Œ.
09:21
A strong recommendation.
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ถ”์ฒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
Well, we told what "must" is here, and we're going to look at strong recommendation.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ"๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ถŒ์žฅ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
What would that mean?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์•ผ?
09:27
Well, once you believe something's true, then you might recommend it to somebody.
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์ผ๋‹จ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
And this is going to be interesting because here, you notice I have "must."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
If you notice here, I have "should" because in North America, we usually say when
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๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
09:38
something's right or the best thing to do, you should do it.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์˜ณ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— "ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:42
In England and Canada, we also say, "You must do it."
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์˜๊ตญ๊ณผ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—์„œ๋Š” "You must do it"์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
But we mean it as a strong recommendation.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ถŒ์žฅ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
For instance, ladies, you're going out.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ˆ™๋…€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์™ธ์ถœ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
You see some beautiful shoes.
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์˜ˆ์œ ์‹ ๋ฐœ์ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
Not mine.
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๋‚ด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ.
09:52
They don't smell like roses.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์žฅ๋ฏธ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
But, you know, you get the drift, and I don't mean the scent of my shoe.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌํ”„ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ด ์‹ ๋ฐœ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
09:58
Now, you see those shoes, and you say to your best friend, of course, your girlfriend,
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ์‹ ๋ฐœ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์นœํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
"Girl, you see those shoes?
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10:04
You must buy them!"
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10:06
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
10:10
"Must buy them."
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"๊ผญ ์‚ฌ์•ผํ•ด."
10:11
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
10:12
Now, when we're saying that, basically, you're saying, "Hey, look.
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์ž, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ, "์ด๋ด, ๋ด.
10:19
I believe this is a good deal."
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
It's assumed--that's why we don't put the "b" on the end--it's assumed you understand
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋์— "b"๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค--๋‹น์‹ ์ด
10:24
the logic behind it.
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๊ทธ ๋ฐฐํ›„์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
You see the price.
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๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
You see the normal price.
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์ •์ƒ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
So, you go, "Hmm, I believe this is a good price, and I ought to do it or I should do
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "ํ , ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
10:31
it now."
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:32
"Should."
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"ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค."
10:33
Cool?
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ?
10:34
Now, when we say this, it can--like, "You must go to see this movie.
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์ž, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ, "๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง
10:38
It's amazing."
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๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:40
"Must."
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"ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‹ค." ์˜ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
10:41
That's our strong recommendation for the movie, right?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ถ”์ฒœ์ด์ฃ  ?
10:43
And that's going to be a future sense, because you're not going to see the movie now.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
I know you're not, because I'm telling you about it, but maybe in five minutes.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ 5๋ถ„ ์•ˆ์—.
10:49
But when I say, "You must buy those shoes," I want you to do it now.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ "๊ทธ ์‹ ๋ฐœ์€ ๊ผญ ์‚ฌ์•ผํ•ด"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‚ฌ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ
10:52
Buy them now, because it's a good deal now.
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์ข‹์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:54
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
10:55
And remember, in North America, we can also say, "Should."
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๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋Š” "ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
You should buy it, or you should see the movie.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
And that's our strong recommendation for the best thing to do.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ถŒ์žฅ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
Cool?
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ?
11:03
Brilliant.
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๋ฉ‹์ง„.
11:04
Now, see, I could say this.
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์ž, ๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
I could say this as well.
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๋‚˜๋„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
But you know what the truth of the matter is?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์ง„์‹ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:13
When you say, "You must buy them," there's more of an immediacy to it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด "๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
There's more of a, "You've got to do it.
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
You've got to do it now.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
Do it immediately, as soon as you can."
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค."
11:20
When you should, it's like, "I want to pontificate."
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ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ตํ™ฉ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:23
Pontificate is a really fancy word for, "Think about it."
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Pontificate๋Š” "Think about it"์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
But when someone says, "Must," "Do it.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด "ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:30
Do it now."
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”."
11:31
So it's like, "Must."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ"์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
Powerful.
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๊ฐ•ํ•œ.
11:33
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
11:34
Cool?
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ?
11:35
Great.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ.
11:36
We've gone from, "It's logical, Captain."
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"๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ํ•จ์žฅ๋‹˜."
11:43
Star Trek.
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์Šคํƒ€ ํŠธ๋ ‰.
11:44
It's just logical.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
Makes sense.
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๋ง์ด๋œ๋‹ค.
11:46
To, "I strongly recommend it."
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"๊ฐ•์ถ”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:48
The next one, we're going to go to necessity and prohibition.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธˆ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
They're like two sides of a coin.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™์ „์˜ ์–‘๋ฉด๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
11:55
If Mr. E was a coin, one side would be the head, and one side would be the tail.
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E์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋™์ „์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ํ•œ ๋ฉด์€ ์•ž๋ฉด์ด๊ณ  ํ•œ ๋ฉด์€ ๋’ท๋ฉด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
Get it?
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด?
12:02
Heads and tail.
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ.
12:03
Why?
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์™œ?
12:04
Because when something's a necessity, sometimes the actual opposite would be a prohibition.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊ธˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
"You must do this," and, "You must not do this."
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"์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด" ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "์ด๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ"
12:10
For instance, "You must study," or, "You must not fail to study."
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "๋„ˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค" ๋˜๋Š” "๋„ˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€์— ์‹คํŒจํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค."
12:15
Right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
12:16
Opposite sides of the coin.
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๋™์ „์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ.
12:17
One is saying, "Do not forget to do this."
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” "์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ"๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:21
And this is saying, "You must act now."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ "๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ–‰๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
12:24
Just opposite sides.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
But what's interesting about it is this.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
12:30
You notice this one has a past tense.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
If you want to do past tense for this one, it's only for necessity.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•„์š”์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
There is no past tense for prohibition.
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๊ธˆ์ง€์—๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
What am I talking about?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง€?
12:39
Well, let's go look for necessity.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ž.
12:41
These three go right in line.
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์ด ์…‹์€ ์ผ๋ ฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
First you make, "It's logical."
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๋จผ์ € "๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด์•ผ."
12:44
Then you say, "I recommend it."
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ "์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
And then afterwards you say, "You know what? Just do it."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ "๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
12:49
So we say, "You must."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
So if Ezekiel's thinking about this, "You must."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—์Šค๊ฒ”์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
13:06
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:07
Someone's going to kill you, you must kill him first.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ฃฝ์ด๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋จผ์ € ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:11
Because if you don't kill him first, he'll kill you.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ์ฃฝ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ฃฝ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
It's necessity.
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ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
You have no choice.
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๋„ˆ๋Š” ์„ ํƒ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด.
13:16
You have no choice.
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๋„ˆ๋Š” ์„ ํƒ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด.
13:17
You can't say it like, "Had to kill him."
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"๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์—ฌ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์–ด"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
That is, "I must have."
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์ฆ‰, "๋‚˜๋Š” ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค."
13:21
Not in this sense.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
In this case, it must, "must."
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” "๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ"๋กœ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
Absolutely.
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์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ.
13:24
If you don't do it, you're dead.
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์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฃฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
In English, if we want to say the past,
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:28
the only way to do that, it's funny enough, is to change it to, "Had to."
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์›ƒ๊ธฐ์ง€๋งŒ "Had to"๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
"I had to do it."
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"ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด."
13:33
"You have to do it."
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
13:34
Or, "Had to do it."
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๋˜๋Š” "ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค."
13:35
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:36
Prohibition, on the other hand, is when we say, "Must not."
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๊ธˆ์ง€๋Š” "ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
You're not allowed to.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
You have no permission.
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๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
You cannot do it.
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๋„Œ ๋ชปํ•ด.
13:42
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:43
That's the prohibition.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
And in saying that, we usually use this for near future.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
"You must not forget to take your medicine."
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" ์•ฝ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฑฐ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”."
13:49
"You must not."
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์•ผ."
13:50
So we'll put that one up there.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋†“์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:52
"You must not--sorry--not forget."
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ --๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค--์žŠ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
14:01
Right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
14:03
Now, that's near future.
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
Generally, we use it for near future.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
Another way of saying that would be, "Have to."
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ "ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:10
Now, I think I've gone on for a long time, and I must not take you any longer.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ผ์„ ํ•ด์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:14
So what I want you to do is go to--
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€--
14:17
I'll put it on the board.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์น ํŒ์— ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋†“๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:18
I must put it on the board for you, right?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋“œ์— ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋†“์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
14:19
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
14:20
Because I think it's the best thing to do, right?
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
14:23
Now, you mustn't forget this email address.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์‹œ๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
That's email?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์ด์•ผ?
14:27
No, sorry.
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์•„๋‡จ, ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
You must forget that.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:29
Remember the website, which is www.engvid.com.
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์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ www.engvid.com์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค .
14:42
Oh, God.
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์˜ค, ํ•˜๋Š๋‹˜.
14:43
I must remember I've got to put the dot here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ ์„ ์ฐ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
Some people forget, right?
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์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ๊ณ„์‹œ์ฃ ?
14:46
So, logical conclusion.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฒฐ๋ก .
14:48
I must put the dot.
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์ ์„ ์ฐ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:50
Otherwise, people won't, and they won't get to the website.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ์ ‘์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:52
Strong recommendation.
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ถ”์ฒœ.
14:53
You must come see me and some other videos and other teachers on the site.
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์ €์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:58
If you need to improve your English, then you must study what we're offering.
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์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:02
And you must not forget what I'm telling you.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
See?
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๋ณด๋‹ค?
15:05
All of the musts used together.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:06
There's your tree.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
Try and remember.
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์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
15:08
Go do the quiz.
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๊ฐ€์„œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
15:09
And I will be happy to see you now, right?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘๊ฒ ์ฃ  ?
15:12
Because you must go immediately.
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์ฆ‰์‹œ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜
15:14
See you.
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๋ด์š”.
15:15
EngVid.
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EngVid.

Original video on YouTube.com
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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