Learn English Grammar: Zero Conditional

125,737 views ・ 2017-03-07

Benjamin’s English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:02
Hello. We're doing the zero conditional today.
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 였늘 쑰건뢀 제둜λ₯Ό ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:05
It's a useful grammatical structure in English.
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μœ μš©ν•œ μ˜μ–΄ 문법 κ΅¬μ‘°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:10
Perhaps it's used for, particularly to those who are rules-based people, who like knowing
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 그것은 Aκ°€ Bλ₯Ό 낳을 κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•„λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” κ·œμΉ™ 기반의 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 특히 μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:16
that A is going to result in B. My little nephew is like this.
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제 μ–΄λ¦° μ‘°μΉ΄λŠ” μ΄λ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
Hi, Alex.
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μ•ˆλ…•, μ•Œλ ‰μŠ€.
00:23
So, we're doing the zero conditional. And this is about something that is generally true, like a scientific fact.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 제둜 쑰건을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 이것은 과학적 사싀과 같이 일반적으둜 사싀인 것에 κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
If I press the toilet button, it flushes. Okay? "If", condition, result.
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λ³€κΈ° λ²„νŠΌμ„ λˆ„λ₯΄λ©΄ 물이 λ‚΄λ €μš”. μ’‹μ•„μš”? "만일", 쑰건, κ²°κ³Ό.
00:40
"If I do", "If I play, this happens."
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"λ‚΄κ°€ ν•˜λ©΄", "λ‚΄κ°€ 놀면 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λœλ‹€."
00:45
So this is in present simple, and the result also in the present simple.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 이것은 ν˜„μž¬ λ‹¨μˆœν•˜κ³  결과도 ν˜„μž¬ λ‹¨μˆœν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
"If you heat ice, it melts." So it's like a scientific fact, it's like something...
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"μ–ΌμŒμ„ κ°€μ—΄ν•˜λ©΄ λ…ΉλŠ”λ‹€." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그것은 과학적 사싀과 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 마치 무언가...
00:57
This always happens in this same way. The condition always has the same result.
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이것은 항상 이와 같은 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ λ°œμƒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 쑰건은 항상 같은 κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ°€μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
Now, the result, this bit here, it can also be in the imperative rather than the present simple.
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자, κ²°κ³Ό, μ—¬κΈ° 이 λΉ„νŠΈλŠ” ν˜„μž¬ λ‹¨μˆœλ³΄λ‹€λŠ” λͺ…λ Ήν˜•μΌ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
So, I've put a little example here:
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 여기에 μ•½κ°„μ˜ 예λ₯Ό λ„£μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
"If you do..." "If you visit Devon,"
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"κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄..." " 데본을 λ°©λ¬Έν•œλ‹€λ©΄" - 영ꡭ
01:18
-a place in the southwest of England-"go to Chagford."
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λ‚¨μ„œλΆ€μ— μžˆλŠ” μž₯μ†Œ - "μ°¨κ·Έν¬λ“œλ‘œ κ°€μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€."
01:23
Where I was born. Okay? It's a great place.
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λ‚΄κ°€ νƒœμ–΄λ‚œ κ³³. μ’‹μ•„μš”? 쒋은 κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:26
So, it's like "go to", it's an imperative. I'm telling you to do that.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ "κ°€λ‹€"와 같이 λͺ…λ Ήν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λΌκ³  λ§ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:32
So this is a structure of command.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이것은 λͺ…λ Ήμ˜ κ΅¬μ‘°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
"If you arrive late to my class again, you", and then I'm going to need to...
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"λ„€κ°€ 또 λ‚΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ— μ§€κ°ν•˜λ©΄ λ„ˆ", 그러면 λ‚˜λŠ”...
01:46
"You will have to go to the head master." Okay? It's the condition equals the result.
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"λ„ˆλŠ” ꡐμž₯ μ„ μƒλ‹˜μ—κ²Œ κ°€μ•Ό ν•  것이닀." μ’‹μ•„μš”? 쑰건이 결과와 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
It's always the same. So if you're late, you have to go to the head master. Okay? Condition,
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항상 λ˜‘κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 늦으면 ꡐμž₯μ„ μƒλ‹˜κ»˜ κ°€μ…”μ•Ό ν•΄μš”. μ’‹μ•„μš”? 쑰건,
01:57
result, always the same relationship between the two.
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κ²°κ³Ό, λ‘˜ μ‚¬μ΄μ—λŠ” 항상 같은 관계.
02:01
Now, we can have a couple of different, alternative options here. Instead of "if" we could also
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이제 μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ λͺ‡ κ°€μ§€ λ‹€λ₯Έ λŒ€μ²΄ μ˜΅μ…˜μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . "if" λŒ€μ‹ 
02:07
use "when" or "unless". I've written that unless... You know when... When's talking
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"when" λ˜λŠ” "unless"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” 그것을 μ“°μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” ν•œ... 당신이 μ–Έμ œμΈμ§€ μ•Œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό... μ–Έμ œκ°€
02:15
about time, obviously. But "unless" means kind of if not, followed by the condition
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μ‹œκ°„μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν•˜λŠ”μ§€, λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ "unless"λŠ” 쑰건과 κ²°κ³Όκ°€ λ’€λ”°λ₯΄λŠ” μΌμ’…μ˜ if not을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:21
and result. Condition always in the present.
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. 쑰건은 항상 ν˜„μž¬μ— μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
So: "Unless if not he proposes", obviously that's quite weird, formal English.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ: "κ·Έκ°€ ν”„λ‘œν¬μ¦ˆν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄", λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ 그것은 κ½€ μ΄μƒν•˜κ³  ν˜•μ‹μ μΈ μ˜μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
The translation would be something like... Or the simplification:
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λ²ˆμ—­μ€ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€... λ˜λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœν™”:
02:36
"If he does not propose to marry you,"-to propose to marry you. Would you like to marry me?-
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"κ·Έκ°€ λ‹Ήμ‹ κ³Ό κ²°ν˜Όν•  것을 μ œμ•ˆν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄"- λ‹Ήμ‹ κ³Ό κ²°ν˜Όν•  것을 μ œμ•ˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λž‘ κ²°ν˜Όν• λž˜?-
02:44
"refuse to go on holiday with him again." Okay? So: "refuse to go", there you've got
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"그와 λ‹€μ‹œλŠ” νœ΄κ°€λ₯Ό κ°€μ§€ μ•Šκ² λ‹€." μ’‹μ•„μš”? λ”°λΌμ„œ "κ°€κΈ°λ₯Ό κ±°λΆ€ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€", 거기에 λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜
02:51
your imperative. Okay?
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λͺ…령이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”?
02:55
Now, we can change the order and put the result before the condition, and throw in a bit of
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이제 μˆœμ„œλ₯Ό λ³€κ²½ν•˜κ³  κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 쑰건 μ•žμ— 놓을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
"if" and "when" and "unless" right there in the middle just to mix things up, mix the
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"if"와 "when", "unless"λ₯Ό 쀑간에 μ•½κ°„ λ„£μ–΄ μ„žμ–΄μ„œ
03:10
bowl up. So, the result here is at the beginning.
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그릇을 μ„žμ„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” μ²˜μŒμ— μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:15
"The boss, my leader, the person who is in charge is angry"
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"상사, 리더, μ±…μž„μžλŠ” ν™”λ₯Ό λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€." -λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
03:22
-again, notice present tense-"when I dance on my table."
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, ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œμ— μ£Όλͺ©ν•˜μ„Έμš”-" λ‚΄κ°€ ν…Œμ΄λΈ”μ—μ„œ 좀을 좜 λ•Œ."
03:30
Obviously, "when" could
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λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ "when"은
03:33
also be replaced by "if" there. "...if I dance on my table". So, "when" would imply that
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"if"둜 λŒ€μ²΄λ  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "... λ‚΄ ν…Œμ΄λΈ”μ—μ„œ 좀을 μΆ”λ©΄". κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "μ–Έμ œ"λŠ”
03:40
I maybe dance on my table quite a lot. But "if", I'm so scared of my boss that I don't
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λ‚΄κ°€ ν…Œμ΄λΈ” μœ„μ—μ„œ κ½€ 많이 좀을 μΆœμ§€λ„ λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ "λ§Œμ•½", λ‚˜λŠ” 상사가 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ¬΄μ„œμ›Œμ„œ
03:46
want to dance on my table. And "unless" would change it, so you'd have to have probably
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ν…Œμ΄λΈ”μ—μ„œ μΆ€μΆ”κ³  μ‹Άμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 "κ·Έλ ‡μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄"은 그것을 λ°”κΏ€ κ²ƒμ΄λ―€λ‘œ μ•„λ§ˆλ„
03:53
a different condition there.
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거기에 λ‹€λ₯Έ 쑰건이 μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
"The boss is angry unless I stay seated."
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" λ‚΄κ°€ μžλ¦¬μ— 앉아 μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄ 상사가 ν™”λ₯Ό λ‚Έλ‹€."
04:01
Okay, so let's just have another quick recap. Something that's generally true, like a scientific fact, like:
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, 그럼 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ μš”μ•½μ„ 해보죠. 과학적 사싀과 같이 일반적으둜 사싀인 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
"If I cross the road without looking, I get knocked over."
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"λ§Œμ•½ λ‚΄κ°€ 보지 μ•Šκ³  길을 κ±΄λ„ˆλ©΄ λ„˜μ–΄ 질 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€."
04:15
Sorry, that's what the traffic's like in London. Pay attention.
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μ£„μ†‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 런던의 ꡐ톡 상황은 μ΄λ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ£Όμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
04:18
Look to your left, look to your right before it's
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04:20
safe to go. "If", condition, result. Present simple, present simple unless we're using
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μ΄λ™ν•˜κΈ°μ— μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κΈ° 전에 μ™Όμͺ½κ³Ό 였λ₯Έμͺ½μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. "만일", 쑰건, κ²°κ³Ό. λͺ…λ Ήν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” ν•œ λ‹¨μˆœν•˜κ²Œ μ œμ‹œν•˜κ³  λ‹¨μˆœν•˜κ²Œ μ œμ‹œν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€
04:26
the imperative. "You will go to Chagford if you visit Devon."
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. "λ„€κ°€ Devon을 λ°©λ¬Έν•œλ‹€λ©΄ Chagford둜 갈 것이닀."
04:30
And then we can mix in a
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그런 λ‹€μŒ
04:32
bit of "when" and "unless",
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"μ–Έμ œ"와 "μ–Έμ œ"λ₯Ό μ•½κ°„ μ„žμ„ β€‹β€‹μˆ˜ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 즉,
04:34
meaning changing the positive, negative affirmation, so:
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긍정과 λΆ€μ • 확언을 λ°”κΎΈλŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. "
04:39
"Unless he proposes to marry you," blah, blah, blah, this will be the result. This will always
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κ·Έκ°€ λ‹Ήμ‹ κ³Ό κ²°ν˜Όν•˜κ² λ‹€κ³  μ œμ•ˆν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” ν•œ" μ–΄μ©Œκ΅¬ μ €μ©Œκ΅¬ μ €μ©Œκ΅¬, 이것이 κ²°κ³Όκ°€ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:44
be the result unless you do this. And then you can also have the result here and the condition here.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄ 항상 κ²°κ³Όκ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그런 λ‹€μŒ 여기에 κ²°κ³Όκ°€ 있고 여기에 쑰건이 μžˆμ„ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:50
The boss is angry if you don't do the quiz right now
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μ§€κΈˆ λ°”λ‘œ ν€΄μ¦ˆ μ•ˆ ν’€κ³ 
04:56
and subscribe to my YouTube channel,
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제 유튜브 채널 ꡬ독
04:58
and check out Exquisite English.
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ν•˜κ³  μ ˆλ¬˜ν•œ μ˜μ–΄ 보러였면 사μž₯λ‹˜μ΄ ν™”λ‚΄μ‹œλ„€μš”.
05:01
Good night. God bless.
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μ•ˆλ…•νžˆ μ£Όλ¬΄μ„Έμš”. μ‹ μ˜ 좕볡이 있기λ₯Ό.
05:02
See ya next time.
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λ‹€μŒμ— 보자.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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