Vocabulary of International Trade | Business English

8,099 views ใƒป 2024-04-02

Benjaminโ€™s English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi, folks. Thank you for tuning in to today's
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์•ˆ๋…• ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฌด์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:02
lesson in which we are going to be looking
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00:05
at some of the vocab for international trade.
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.
00:09
So who is this useful for? Well, perhaps you
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ ์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ธ€์Ž„, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
00:13
are studying politics, economics, business, but you just want to make sure that you've
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์ •์น˜, ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
00:21
got the terms correct, or maybe you are working
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์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€์˜
00:26
in English in business, negotiations with
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ํ˜‘์ƒ์—์„œ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€
00:30
different countries, and you just want to
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00:34
check that you understand these terms as they
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ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ
00:38
actually are.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
So to those of you who are new to my channel,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์˜ค์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค,
00:43
hi. My name is Benjamin. On this channel,
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋ฒค์ž๋ฏผ์ด์—์š”. ์ด ์ฑ„๋„์—์„œ
00:45
I teach business English, I teach conversational
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์ €๋Š” ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์˜์–ด, ํšŒํ™”
00:49
English, exam English, things to do with British
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์˜์–ด, ์‹œํ—˜ ์˜์–ด, ์˜๊ตญ
00:53
culture. So thanks for tuning in. If you find
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๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
that this is a useful video for you, do make
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์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
00:58
sure you subscribe so that you continue to get my content. Okay, let's head straight
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์ œ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ผญ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ž, ๋ฐ”๋กœ
01:04
in.
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๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
So, we have two different ways of doing things
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ… ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:10
in terms of countries' policies towards trade.
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01:16
A country could decide to be protectionist,
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
01:19
in which case they are trying to protect their
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ž๊ตญ ์˜ ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:23
industries. They don't want to... Loads of imports from foreign... Foreign producers,
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. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์™ธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์ž…... ์™ธ๊ตญ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž๋“ค์€
01:31
they want to encourage their own production.
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
So, if they are going to protect, then they
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
01:38
might use tariffs, which are where imports, things coming in to the country, are taxed.
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์ˆ˜์ž…ํ’ˆ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์— ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
Thank you very much for bringing that. You
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์ค˜์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ตญ๋‚ด๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ ค๋ฉด
01:50
can pay some money if you want to bring that
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ˆ(๊ด€์„ธ)์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:53
into the country, a tariff. So, protectionist,
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์€
01:58
putting up a big wall around the country,
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๋‚˜๋ผ ์ „์ฒด์—
02:03
an impenetrable wall. I don't want you coming
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๋šซ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ํฐ ๋ฒฝ์„ ์„ธ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:07
in. Free trade is quite the opposite. The
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. ์ž์œ  ๋ฌด์—ญ์€ ์ •๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
wall comes down, we can trade to you, you can trade to us, and we can all be happy or
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๋ฒฝ์ด ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:19
not. So, a "proponent of", yep, that prefix "pro"
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์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, " prosupporter"๋Š” "pro"๋ผ๋Š” ์ ‘๋‘์–ด๋Š”
02:27
means "for", a supporter of. Yeah? Pro-life,
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"for"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์‘? ํ”„๋กœ ๋ผ์ดํ”„,
02:34
proponent. Quite the opposite of "opponent", who
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์ง€์ง€์ž. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ "์ƒ๋Œ€"์™€๋Š” ์ •๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:38
is someone you compete against. So, proponents
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์˜นํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
02:42
of protectionism might be certain politicians
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02:47
in certain countries. Proponents of free trade
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ํŠน์ • ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ํŠน์ • ์ •์น˜์ธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์œ  ๋ฌด์—ญ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”
02:53
will be different people in different countries, obviously.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:58
Okay, a couple of useful verbs, here. So, "to liberalize", yeah? A liberal is free.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, "์ž์œ ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค", ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
If you liberalize, then you are making freer.
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์ž์œ ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋” ์ž์œ ๋กœ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
Yeah? To liberalize. Look, I've got the British
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์‘? ์ž์œ ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์˜๊ตญ์‹
03:13
spelling with the "s", the American spelling
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์ฒ ์ž๋Š” "s"๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์ฒ ์ž๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
03:17
would be with a "z", as they say. Liberalize.
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"z"๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ž์œ ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
03:23
The antonym, the opposite of liberalize would
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์ž์œ ํ™”์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์€
03:27
be "to tighten", yeah? Think of the tap. I'm
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"๊ธด์ถ•"์ด๊ฒ ์ฃ ? ์ˆ˜๋„๊ผญ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
03:31
opening the tap, sorry. Righten to tighten,
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์ˆ˜๋„๊ผญ์ง€๋ฅผ ์—ด๊ฒŒ์š”, ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ด๋ฉด ํ’€๊ณ ,
03:35
loosen to... Lefty to loosen. So, I'm undoing
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์™ผ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ’€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํƒญ์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
the tap, yep? I'm liberalizing it, yep? And then I tighten it up and it stops dripping,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž์œ ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๋‹จํžˆ ์กฐ์ด๋ฉด ๋ฌผ์ด ๋š๋š ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฉˆ์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
yep? So, the water out is the trade. Do I want
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌผ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
trade coming in? Yes or no? I can liberalize
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๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ธธ ์›ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? ์˜ˆ ํ˜น์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค?
03:54
restrictions and make it easy for trade to happen in and out of the country, or I can
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์ œํ•œ์„ ์ž์œ ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๋ฌด์—ญ์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋„๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
04:00
tighten restrictions. Restrictions are things
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์ œํ•œ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œํ•œ์€
04:04
like tariffs, quotas. What's a quota? A quota
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๊ด€์„ธ, ํ• ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ• ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ• ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰์€
04:09
is a limit in trading volume. So, I could be like, "Hmm, well, I love plastic ducks
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๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ•œ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์Œ, ๋‚œ ๋ชฉ์š•ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”
04:17
for my bath. So, Germany, you make some lovely
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. ๋…์ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฉ‹์ง„
04:20
plastic ducks, but I only want 4,000 coming
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค๋…„ 4,000๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์— ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ธธ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:24
into the country each year. That's your quota.
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. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํ• ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”
04:27
No more." Okay? So, it's a limit. No more
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์ด์ƒ์€ ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. " ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
than that plastic ducks from you, thanks, Germany. Who does that benefit? Well, I've
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๊ทธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ด์ƒ์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋…์ผ. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์ต์ด ๋˜๋‚˜์š”? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์˜๊ตญ
04:36
got someone up in the north of England who
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๋ถ๋ถ€์—
04:39
makes plastic ducks very well. So, if I limit
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
04:42
the plastic ducks coming in from Germany,
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๋…์ผ์—์„œ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์˜๊ตญ
04:44
then my man in the north of England who makes
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๋ถ๋ถ€์—์„œ
04:47
his plastic ducks beautifully is happy. Okay.
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋‚ด ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
04:53
"Domestic", another good word for us to look
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"๊ตญ๋‚ด"๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:58
at. "Domestic" is to do with the house, yep? A
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. "๊ตญ๋‚ด"๋Š” ์ง‘๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ ?
05:02
scene of domestic bliss, or clean, or ordered,
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๊ฐ€์ •์˜ ํ–‰๋ณต, ๊นจ๋—ํ•จ, ์ •๋ˆ๋จ,
05:07
or perfect. "Domestic", a domestic goddess is someone who thrives in looking after the
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์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์žฅ๋ฉด. ๊ฐ€์ •์˜ ์—ฌ์‹  '๊ฐ€์ •'์€ ์ง‘์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:14
house. So, in terms of international trade,
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ
05:18
domestic producers are inside the house, i.e.
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๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž๋Š” ์ง‘ ๋‚ด๋ถ€, ์ฆ‰
05:23
in the country. Got it? Good. There is going
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๊ตญ๋‚ด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”? ์ข‹์€. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด
05:27
to be a quiz at the end of this lesson, so
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๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ,
05:30
make sure you're taking copious, lots of notes
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์„ธ์š”
05:36
so you can pass with flying colors. Okay?
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
05:40
To pass with flying colors means with great
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๋‚ ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ƒ‰๊น”๋กœ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:45
success. Right. Tariffs we've looked at. Okay,
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. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๊ด€์„ธ. ์ข‹์•„์š”,
05:49
so we've got these kind of rules that the
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:52
countries have decided on. Where do we actually
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. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ
05:55
see these rules being implemented, being
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๊ตฌํ˜„๋˜๊ณ 
05:59
put into place? Well, on the ground, you see
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์‹œํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์Œ, ์ง€์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•ญ๊ตฌ๋‚˜
06:03
it in the ports, in the customs. Because if I
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์„ธ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋งŒ์•ฝ
06:07
have a big ship coming in, yeah, the customs
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ํฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด , ์˜ˆ, ์„ธ๊ด€์›,
06:11
people, the people who work controlling what's
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06:14
coming in and out, they have to know, well,
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๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
06:17
what's in this ship? Have the correct tariffs
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์ด ๋ฐฐ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ด€์„ธ๊ฐ€
06:22
being paid? Is there a quota? Is this stuff
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์ง€๋ถˆ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ• ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด
06:27
allowed to come in the country? So, the customs
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๊ตญ๋‚ด์— ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ธ๊ด€์›์€
06:30
people are very important because they collect
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06:33
the tariffs and they control the flow of goods
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๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ์ง•์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒํ’ˆ์˜
06:39
in and out. Okay? So, yep, be careful of them.
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์ถœ์ž…์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:45
Right. A free port. A free port is one where
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ. ์ž์œ  ํ•ญ๊ตฌ. ์ž์œ ํ•ญ์€
06:50
ships can go in and out and they don't have
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์„ ๋ฐ•์ด ๋“œ๋‚˜๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
06:54
to pay any tariffs. One of the biggest ports
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๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋˜๋Š” ํ•ญ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํ•ญ๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
06:58
in the world is Singapore, so that's a place
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์‹ฑ๊ฐ€ํฌ๋ฅด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ณณ
07:01
where a lot of trade is going to happen, or
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์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌด์—ญ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:04
is happening, sorry. Now, at the time I speak,
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์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์„คํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์—
07:07
Boris Johnson has an idea to make three free
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๋ณด๋ฆฌ์Šค ์กด์Šจ์€ ์˜๊ตญ์— 3๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž์œ  ํ•ญ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:13
ports in the UK. I think it was Aberdeen and
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. ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ ์—” ์• ๋ฒ„๋”˜๊ณผ
07:18
a couple of other places up in the north. Sorry, I've forgotten where they are. The
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๋ถ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๊ณณ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ์ฃ„์†กํ•ด์š”. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์–ด์š”. ๊ด€์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์ ๊ธฐ
07:23
idea being that it encourages more trade because
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฌด์—ญ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์žฅ๋ ค๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:28
there are less tariffs. But will it work?
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:32
We shall see. As I say, I'm not an economics
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
07:35
teacher or a business studies teacher. I'm just
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๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•™ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
07:39
here to try and teach you this terminology. So, if you are, like, an economics graduate
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ƒ์ด๊ณ  ์ด ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ
07:46
and you spot something in this video, leave a
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:49
comment, yep, because I'd love to learn as well.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋„ค, ์ €๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
07:52
So, share the knowledge. Right, we've got a useful verb here,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ง€์‹์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
08:00
prefix "deregulate". So, rules and regulations,
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"๊ทœ์ œ ์™„ํ™”"๋ผ๋Š” ์ ‘๋‘์–ด๋ผ๋Š” ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ๊ทœ์ •์ด์š”,
08:03
yeah? If we're talking about regulating,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๊ทœ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:06
I'm talking about putting a rule into place.
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๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
You must watch this video again, and again,
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ 
08:12
and again, and share with your friends. I'm putting rules out there. But if I take away
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๋˜ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์—†์• ๋ฉด
08:17
the rules, I might use this prefix to deregulate,
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์ด ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:22
to take away the rules. Right, "subsidize",
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๊ทœ์น™์„ ์—†์•จ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, "๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ",
08:26
"dumping". If you subsidize, then the government
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"๋คํ•‘". ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์„ ์ง€๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€
08:31
is giving money to encourage a certain industry.
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ํŠน์ • ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ˆ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
08:38
"EU subsidies" are money the EU gives to certain areas of agriculture, for example.
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"EU ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ"์€ EU๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ • ๋†์—… ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:49
If you subsidize dumping, dumping is where, say
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๋คํ•‘์— ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์„ ์ง€๊ธ‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋คํ•‘์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
08:53
we have loads, and loads, and loads of apples
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08:57
in the UK, and the government, they're going to
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์˜๊ตญ์— ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ๊ณ , ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
09:00
help, they're going to give money to help make
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, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ’์‹ธ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ˆ์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
those apples cheap for the UK to sell somewhere
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์˜๊ตญ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํŒ๋งคํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:09
else. So, they're actually going to pay money
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ˆ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
for the apples to be less than the price paid
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09:18
in a country where they are being exported
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09:21
to. So, it's good for the country doing the
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ํˆฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
09:25
dumping, because they're like, normally an apple
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€
09:29
is two... Well, it's not two pounds, is it? Let's
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2๊ฐœ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ 2ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
09:33
say 20p, yeah? But the government's going to help
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20p๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋ฅผ 10ํŽœ์Šค์— ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜
09:37
put money in here to make the apples available
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์žˆ๋„๋ก ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ˆ์„ ํˆฌ์žํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:41
for 10p in another country. The consumers in
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.
09:45
that country are like, "Way, putty, apples for
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๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์€ "์•ผ, ํผํ‹ฐ, ์‚ฌ๊ณผ
09:48
10p, yay!" But then the farmers are like, "Hmm,
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10p์—, ์•„!"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์€ "์Œ,
09:51
apples, 10p, we can't sell apples for 10p."
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์‚ฌ๊ณผ, 10ํŽœ์Šค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋ฅผ 10ํŽœ์Šค์— ํŒ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
So, dumping is where government intervention
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋คํ•‘์€
10:00
to help cheaper exports. It's good for the country doing the exporting.
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๋” ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถœ์„ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผํ•œํ…Œ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
10:06
"Laissez-faire", a French term, meaning leave
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"Laissez-faire"๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด ๋กœ '๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ ค๋‘๊ณ 
10:10
alone, live and let live. Yep. So, this is referring
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, ์‚ด๋ฉฐ, ์‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋†”๋‘๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
10:14
to a government sort of strategy to not get
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10:21
very involved, to create a free market where
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10:27
businesses can more or less do what they want.
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๊ธฐ์—…์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์œ  ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ „๋žต์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
Yep. The market is free, it has been deregulated,
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๋„ค. ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ณ , ๊ทœ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์™„ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
10:34
less rules, free market capitalism. Yep. So,
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๊ทœ์น™์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ , ์ž์œ  ์‹œ์žฅ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„
10:38
most countries around the world have some
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—๋Š”
10:42
kind of regulations. There aren't many that have a total free market in them.
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์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ทœ์ •์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ž์œ  ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
Now, here's a nice phrase, "to comply with regulations". If you comply with,
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "๊ทœ์ •์„ ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋‹ค"๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทœ์ •์„
11:01
then you are following the regulations. Yep.
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์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋„ค.
11:05
These are the rules, we are following them,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด์—
11:09
we are agreeing with them. Okay. Talking... So,
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๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘... ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ,
11:13
just loads of... There's quite a sort of heavy,
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์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์€...
11:17
dense lesson full of terms for you, okay? I appreciate that. So, you know, just try and
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์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐฌ ๊ฝค ๋ฌด๊ฒ๊ณ  ๋ฐ€๋„ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ ์–ด๋‘๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚œ ํ›„์—
11:26
write them down, try and revisit this vocabulary
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์ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณต์Šตํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
11:29
after the lesson, okay? Because it's going to be
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ? ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด
11:32
difficult to remember all this stuff. Shall we
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
have a quick recap of what we've done so far?
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
11:37
Protectionism. Loads of rules. Free trade. No
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๋ณดํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜. ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ทœ์น™. ์ž์œ  ๋ฌด์—ญ.
11:40
rules. Proponent. Supporter. Liberalise. Yeah,
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๊ทœ์น™์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆ์ž. ์„œํฌํ„ฐ. ์ž์œ ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์‘,
11:44
make it free. Titan. No, don't make it free.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค˜ ํƒ€์ดํƒ„. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
11:47
Quotas. You can send me this many plastic ducks,
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ํ• ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰. ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
11:51
but no more. Domestic. In the house or out of the house? In the house. In the country.
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๋” ์ด์ƒ์€ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜. ์ง‘ ์•ˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ง‘ ๋ฐ–์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ง‘ ์•ˆ์—์„œ. ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ.
11:58
Tariffs. Thank you very much, you can pay
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๊ด€์„ธ. ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋ˆ์„ ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋กœ
11:59
me that much to bring that into the country.
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๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ ค๋ฉด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:03
Customs. Hello, what have you got in this ship?
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์„ธ๊ด€. ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ด ๋ฐฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์‹ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
12:06
Thank you very much, that'll be ยฃ10. Thank you
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 10ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
very much. To the government. There we are. Freeport. Hey, come and do some business,
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ถ€์—. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋ฆฌํฌํŠธ. ์ด๋ด, ์™€์„œ ์žฅ์‚ฌ ์ข€ ํ•ด๋ผ.
12:13
I'm not going to charge you any money. In you
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๋‚œ ๋„ˆ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ฒญ๊ตฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ . ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
12:16
come, ships. Out you go, ships. No money here.
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์˜ค์„ธ์š”, ๋ฐฐ๋“ค. ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”, ๋ฐฐ๋“ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ˆ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
Okay. Deregulate. Take the rules off. Subsidise. Make it easy to dump the apples.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์—†์• ์„ธ์š”. ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์„ ์ง€๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:27
Lay safe air. Do whatever you like. I don't
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์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋†“์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
12:30
care. Doesn't matter. To comply with. To follow.
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์ƒ๊ด€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์–ด์š”. ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋‹ค.
12:35
Right, that was a quick summary.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ๊ฐ„๋žตํ•œ ์š”์•ฝ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
Upturn. Whee, the economy's going up. Now it's
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์ „๋ณต. ํœด, ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ด์ œ
12:47
going slowly. Upturn. Slow down. If something's
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์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๋ณต. ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ํ•ด. ์†๋„๊ฐ€
12:52
slowing down, nothing's really happening. Things are not going so well. Right.
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๋Š๋ ค์ง€๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•„๋ฌด ์ผ๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์ด ์ž˜ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ.
12:59
A commodity. A commodity is something useful.
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์ƒํ’ˆ. ์ƒํ’ˆ์€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
It could be a product, it could be a service.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œํ’ˆ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์„œ๋น„์Šค์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
So, if you talk about the commodities that a country has, it's talking about, really,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํŒ๋งค
13:14
the things that it can sell. Export. "Ex", the
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ’ˆ๋ชฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋‹ค. "Ex"๋Š”
13:20
prefix means "out of". "Im" means "in". So,
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์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋กœ "~์—์„œ"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Im"์€ "์•ˆ์—"๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
13:25
my exports, I'm sending out. My imports are coming in. Right.
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๋‚ด ์ˆ˜์ถœํ’ˆ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ž…ํ’ˆ์ด ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
13:34
And if you have more coming in than going out, then you have what is called a "trade
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉด "๋ฌด์—ญ
13:46
deficit". Okay? Because you're not sending
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์ ์ž"๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ
13:49
that much stuff out, but lots is coming in. So,
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๋งŽ์ด ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
13:54
it's like you're spending more than you're earning. Yeah? A deficit. It's like you're
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๋ฒ„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง€์ถœ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์‘? ์ ์ž. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
14:01
in the overdraft of trade. Now, these are some of the proponents of trade deficits.
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๋ฌด์—ญ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ณผ์ธ์›”์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ ์ž๋ฅผ ์˜นํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
These kind of countries argue that, "Oh, yeah,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ "์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜,
14:15
yeah. We don't need to make the basic stuff
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๊ทธ๋ž˜. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์—
14:19
because we're really good at the high-level
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14:21
stuff, like sending people to Mars or something."
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ผ์„ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค "๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
So, some people say trade deficits work, some people say they don't.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—ญ์ ์ž๊ฐ€ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:30
A trade surplus, a surplus is when you have more
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๋ฌด์—ญ ํ‘์ž, ํ‘์ž๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ ๋„ ๋‚จ์„ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:33
than enough. So, a surplus, you've got a lot more
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž‰์—ฌ๋Š”
14:38
being sent out than you have coming in, almost like you're kind of self-sufficient.
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๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์•„์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ž๊ธ‰์ž์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
So, countries that have a trade surplus are
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์—ญํ‘์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š”
14:49
like China and Russia. They produce a lot of
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์ค‘๊ตญ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์›์ž์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:52
raw materials that are then sent around the
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14:56
world. And the other thing that affects all this
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฌด์—ญ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์€
15:01
international trade is the currency, the strength of that currency in the country.
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ํ†ตํ™”, ์ฆ‰ ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ†ตํ™” ๊ฐ•๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
Because if you have a really strong currency,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํ†ตํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
15:13
then it's not going to be that easy to export
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์ˆ˜์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
because everything's... The value of stuff is so
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด...
15:21
strong in your country and no one else can afford
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:24
it. So, currency also has a strong impact.
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ†ตํ™”๋„ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:28
Okay, we've looked at lots of different terms.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
I've tried to explain it as best as I can. See if
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:37
you have understood this by taking today's quiz
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธ
15:42
and see how you get on. I do teach Business
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” . ์ €๋Š”
15:45
English on an individual level, so if you do
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๊ฐœ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
15:48
want any extra help, I do tutor via Skype,
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด Skype๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
15:51
helping people's writing and speaking skills.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์™€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํŠœํ„ฐ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
My website is www.honeyourenglish.com. Have a look after this lesson.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” www.honeyourenglish.com์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
15:59
Thank you very much for watching, and I'll see you in the next one.
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์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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