Learn English prefixes to improve your vocabulary: DOWN-, UP-, RE-, DE-

21,652 views ใƒป 2020-08-21

Benjaminโ€™s English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi, welcome back.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใŠใ‹ใˆใ‚Šใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:01
Today, we are going to do a lesson on prefixes.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:08
Prefixes are little words that you stick at the beginning of other words to change the
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ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใฏ ใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎๅ…ˆ้ ญใซไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ๅฐใ•ใชๅ˜่ชžใงใ™
00:15
meaning.
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ใ€‚ ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใซ
00:17
Think of it as adding a different color light bulb into a room, yep.
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ๅˆฅใฎ่‰ฒใฎ้›ป็ƒใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:22
The word exists, but then you're going to change the hue, the light.
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่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใŒ ใ€่‰ฒ็›ธใ‚„ๅ…‰ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:29
As an example, we have the verb "do".
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ไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œdoใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:34
But, if I redo, then I do it again, yep.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใพใŸใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆ
00:42
I'm actually redoing this video, because the first time, I got it all wrong.
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ใซใ™ในใฆ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:46
So, it's a retake.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ๆ’ฎใ‚Š็›ดใ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:49
I'm redoing it.
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ใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:52
Very useful to be able to know prefixes, because your vocabulary will be able to expand and
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ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง่ชžๅฝ™ใŒๅบƒใŒใ‚Šใ€
00:59
you'll be able to form new words from knowing how these prefixes work.
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:05
So, a prefix, two, three letters at the beginning of the word.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พž ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅ…ˆ้ ญใซใ‚ใ‚‹ 2ใ€3 ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:10
And you can also have a suffix, which is at the end of a word.
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ใพใŸใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœซๅฐพใซๆŽฅๅฐพ่พžใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:14
But that is for another lesson.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅˆฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:17
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
01:18
So, vocab building is what we're looking at today, through prefixes.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใฎๆง‹็ฏ‰ใฏใ€ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใ‚’้€šใ˜ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ .
01:26
These are four ones.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ4ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
01:28
Down, yep.
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ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:30
To lower.
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ไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ใ€‚
01:33
De, meaning out of, or the opposite of.
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Deใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ€ใพใŸใฏๅๅฏพใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:43
Up, yep.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:48
Re, meaning like, to go back.
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Reใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆˆปใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:53
Now, we have four verbs up here.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซๅ‹•่ฉžใŒ 4 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:59
Date.
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ๆ—ฅใซใกใ€‚
02:00
We know this, like to go on a date.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใƒ‡ใƒผใƒˆใซ่กŒใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
02:05
A particular date in the calendar, yeah.
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ใ‚ซใƒฌใƒณใƒ€ใƒผใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ—ฅไป˜ใ€ใˆใˆใ€‚
02:08
It's a chosen day or time where you're going to do something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ้ธใฐใ‚ŒใŸๆ—ฅใพใŸใฏๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ ใ€‚
02:15
Launch, the rocket launches up into the sky.
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ๆ‰“ใกไธŠใ’ใ€ใƒญใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใŒ็ฉบใซๆ‰“ใกไธŠใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
02:20
But you can also launch a business, meaning to start it.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚’็ซ‹ใกไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:28
Centralize.
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ไธ€ๅ…ƒๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:31
Say you have a company that has offices all over the country.
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ๅ…จๅ›ฝใซใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚’ๆŒใคไผš็คพใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:36
If you centralize operations, then you have somewhere in the middle, in the center, everything
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ใ‚ชใƒšใƒฌใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไธ€ๅ…ƒๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ไธญๅคฎใฎ ใฉใ“ใ‹ใซใ™ในใฆ
02:43
is going to be organized from.
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ใŒๆ•ด็†ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
02:46
Size, yep.
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ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใˆใˆใ€‚
02:48
Big, small.
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ๅคงใใชๅฐใ€‚
02:51
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
02:53
So, size is normally a noun rather than a verb.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ size ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใฏใชใๅ่ฉž ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:58
But, put together with a prefix, then it turns into a verb.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใจไธ€็ท’ ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•่ฉžใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:03
So, what I want you to do, because when we're learning, sometimes we need to be doing things,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:10
yep, is to try and work out which of these goes with which prefix.
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ใˆใˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใฉใ‚ŒใŒใฉใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใจไธ€่‡ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:20
Can you figure that out?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็†่งฃใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:22
So, why don't you start with "date"?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œๆ—ฅไป˜ใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:24
Would that go with downdate?
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ใใ‚Œใฏใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‡ใƒผใƒˆใจไธ€็ท’ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:28
To downdate something - to lower the date?
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‡ใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏ - ๆ—ฅไป˜ใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ใซใฏ?
03:33
It doesn't really work.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ†ใพใใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:35
Dedate.
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ๆงใ’ใ‚‹ใ€‚
03:36
It's quite a funny sound, d, d, d, strong d's, dedate.
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dใ€dใ€dใ€strong d'sใ€dedate ใจใ„ใ†ใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚ŠใŠใ‹ใ—ใช้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:42
No, so de, meaning kind of out of or to lower or the opposite, no.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใงใ€ไธ€็จฎใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆ ใ€ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ€ใพใŸใฏใใฎๅๅฏพใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:54
Up, meaning to get higher.
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ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€้ซ˜ใใชใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ€‚
03:59
Well, this does actually go together, yep.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซไธ€็ท’ใงใ™ใ€ใฏใ„ใ€‚
04:05
Update.
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ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒ‡ใƒผใƒˆใ€‚
04:06
So, if you update, you are renewing it.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
04:11
You're making it new.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ–ฐใ—ใใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:14
So, the date is getting it's - it's like it's getting better.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆ—ฅไป˜ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™-ใใ‚Œใฏ ่‰ฏใใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™.
04:18
The date is improving, yep.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ๆ—ฅไป˜ใฏๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:22
An unusual combination, but it does work.
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็ใ—ใ„็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:25
To redate something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็›ดใ™ใ“ใจใ€‚
04:27
No, you don't redate something.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:28
You can rebook something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ†ไบˆ็ด„ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:32
So, if you missed an appointment, you might say, "I'm so sorry, can I rebook?".
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไบˆ็ด„ใ‚’้€ƒใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ใ€Œ็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅ†ไบˆ็ด„ใงใใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:39
It means to choose another appointment.
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ๅˆฅใฎไบˆๅฎšใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:42
Not redate.
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ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:44
Launch.
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็™บๅฃฒใ€‚
04:46
Downlaunch?
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ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒฉใƒณใƒ๏ผŸ
04:48
Seems a bit kind of - a bit too confusing.
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚„ใ‚„ใ“ใ—ใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ - ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆททไนฑใ—ใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚
04:51
Delaunch something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ตทๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:53
We're about to open, but then we don't open.
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้–‹ใ“ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใซ้–‹ใ‹ใชใ„ใ€‚
04:55
No.
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04:56
We talk about cancelling, not delaunching.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚ใƒ‡ใƒญใƒผใƒณใƒใงใฏใชใใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒซใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:00
Uplaunch, yeah.
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ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒณใƒใ€ใˆใˆใ€‚
05:02
But kind of, if you're launching, you're already going up.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒญใƒผใƒณใƒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ™ใงใซไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:07
Relaunch, so you're going to do it again.
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ๅ†่ตทๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใฎใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ 5
05:13
We're going to relaunch the business on the first of May.
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ๆœˆ1ๆ—ฅใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅ–ถๆฅญใ‚’ๅ†้–‹ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:19
First time, it wasn't that great, so we're going to do a bigger, better one.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใง ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคงใใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™.
05:25
Centralize.
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ไธ€ๅ…ƒๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:28
Downcenter - I can't even imagine what that means, so no.
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ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผ - ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๆƒณๅƒใ‚‚ใคใ‹ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€้•ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:35
Decentralize.
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ๅˆ†ๆ•ฃๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:36
So, de, meaning kind of out of, the opposite, yes.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€de ใฏไธ€็จฎใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ใใฎๅๅฏพ ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:39
So, we're in the center, but then we're going to go a different way, we're going to go out.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏไธญๅฟƒใซใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๅˆฅใฎๆ–นๅ‘ใซ้€ฒใฟใ€ๅค–ใซๅ‡บใพใ™ใ€‚
05:45
So, in Britain, the railways were centralized, but then under Margaret Thatcher, lots of
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏ้‰„้“ใฏไธญๅคฎ้›†ๆจฉๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚Œใฆ ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฌใƒฌใƒƒใƒˆใƒปใ‚ตใƒƒใƒใƒฃใƒผใฎไธ‹ใงๅคšใ
05:55
the industries were decentralized.
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ใฎ็”ฃๆฅญใŒๅˆ†ๆ•ฃๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:57
So, if something is centralized, it often means it's being run by the government.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒไธญๅคฎ้›†ๆจฉๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ๆ”ฟๅบœใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ้‹ๅ–ถใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
06:04
So, when the railways were decentralized, instead of British Rail, we have all these
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่‹ฑๅ›ฝ้‰„้“ใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ้‰„้“ใŒๅˆ†ๆ•ฃๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใจใ
06:10
different companies who are then controlling a particular section of the railway network.
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ใ€้‰„้“ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ๅˆถๅพกใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชไผš็คพใŒใ™ในใฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:20
Size.
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ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ€‚
06:24
Down - downsize, yep.
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ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณ - ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:26
So, it's big but now we're making it smaller.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅคงใใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ไปŠใฏๅฐใ•ใใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:31
And that's the only one that can work with that.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰ฑใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใฏใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:39
Lots of people, when they retire, downsize.
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใฏใ€ๅฎšๅนด้€€่ทใ—ใŸใ‚‰ไฝ“ๅž‹ใ‚’็ธฎๅฐใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:43
So, that means they're in a nice, big house and then they are going into a smaller one.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็ด ๆ•ตใชๅคงใใชๅฎถ ใซใ„ใฆใ€ๅฐใ•ใชๅฎถใซ่กŒใใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:53
Yeah.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:55
Just thinking, resize.
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ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉ่€ƒใˆใฆใ€ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:59
If you resize, then you are changing the size that you have of something.
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ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ด ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใŒๅค‰ๆ›ดใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
07:07
Maybe you've got a dress and you want to resize it.
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ใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
07:09
You're going to change the measurements.
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ๆธฌๅฎšๅ€คใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:12
Okay, what we're going to do now is we're going to look at other examples for each of
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ„ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใฎไป–ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
07:19
these prefixes.
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.
07:20
So, I'm just going to - okay.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใŸใ ่กŒใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ - ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:23
I am redoing this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:25
I'm doing it again, because I've made some mistakes, but here I am.
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็งใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:29
Let's go!
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ใ•ใ‚่กŒใ“ใ†๏ผ
07:30
We're going to start off over here.
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ใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:33
Down - the prefix means this kind of direction.
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ไธ‹ - ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎๆ–นๅ‘ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:38
So, joined with the words, let's see how the word changes.
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ใงใฏใ€่จ€่‘‰ใจๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใ€่จ€่‘‰ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
07:43
Stairs, they go up.
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้šŽๆฎตใ€ไธŠใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:47
But if I put "down" before it, then I go down.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใฎๅ‰ใซใ€Œไธ‹ใ€ใ‚’็ฝฎใใจใ€ไธ‹ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:52
Trend, yep.
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ใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:55
It's the pattern.
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ใใฎใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
07:58
If we think of the economy, is the pattern going up or down?
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ๆ™ฏๆฐ—ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณ ใฏไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ‹ไธ‹ใŒใ‚‹ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:03
Well, if I have "down" in front of it, then the pattern is going down.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ๅ‰ใซใ€Œไธ‹ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ ใ€ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใฏไธ‹ๅ‘ใใงใ™ใ€‚
08:09
Load.
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ใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ€‚
08:11
I'm going to load my things into the car.
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่ปŠใซ่ท็‰ฉใ‚’็ฉใฟ่พผใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
08:16
But with "down" in front of it, we use it with a computer.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใฎๅ‰ใซใ€Œไธ‹ใ€ใŒ ไป˜ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:21
I am downloading something from the internet.
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:25
I'm pulling it down into my personal memory.
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็งใฎๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใช่จ˜ๆ†ถใซๅผ•ใใšใ‚Š่พผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:29
Downhaul, okay.
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ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ›ใƒผใƒซใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:32
Well, haul means to pull.
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ใƒ›ใƒผใƒซใจใฏๅผ•ใฃๅผตใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
08:38
I've seen a van outside that says, like, "Haulage" or something.
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ๅค–ใงใ€ŒHaulageใ€ใ‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸ ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:43
It moves things.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็‰ฉใ‚’ๅ‹•ใ‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:45
But if you downhaul, then you are pulling down, specifically on a boat.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ›ใƒผใƒซใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็‰นใซใƒœใƒผใƒˆใงๅผ•ใฃๅผตใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:51
You pull a rope that makes the sail go up.
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ใƒญใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ„ใฆๅธ†ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:57
If you want to know more about sailing, then you can check out my sailing video.
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ใ‚ปใƒผใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใฃใจ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€็งใฎใ‚ปใƒผใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐ ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:00
Pour, yep.
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ๆณจใŽใพใ™ใ€ใฏใ„ใ€‚
09:02
I pour the water.
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ๆฐดใ‚’ๆณจใŽใพใ™ใ€‚
09:05
With "down" in front of it, the sky is pouring water onto us - rain, yep.
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ใใฎๅ‰ใซใ€Œไธ‹ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็ฉบใฏ ็งใŸใกใซๆฐดใ‚’ๆณจใ„ใงใ„ใพใ™-้›จใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:13
In England, it rains quite a lot.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏใ€้›จใŒใ‚ˆใ้™ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:16
So, we talk about the weather a lot.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅคฉๆฐ—ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:22
Right - right and wrong.
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„ - ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใจ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
09:28
Downright is kind of a phrase that shows quite - it shows like, a strong feeling.
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ใชใ‚“ใจใชใใ€ ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅผทใ„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’็คบใ™ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
09:36
That was downright rude!
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸใซๅคฑ็คผใงใ—ใŸ๏ผ
09:38
It means it was really, really, really rude, okay?
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅคฑ็คผใ ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
09:42
De, the prefix, means reverse.
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ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใฎ De ใฏใ€้€†ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:47
So, with crease, increase, yep.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆŠ˜ใ‚Š็›ฎใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ€ๅข—ใ‚„ใ—ใฆใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:53
But the opposite of increase is decrease.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅข—ๅŠ ใฎๅๅฏพใฏๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:57
Capitate.
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้ฆ–้•ทใ€‚
09:58
So, a cap, Latin root of a word, head.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใƒฉใƒ†ใƒณ่ชžใฎ่ชžๆ นใ€้ ญใงใ™ใ€‚
10:07
And also, in Catalan, I think, "cap" means "head".
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ใพใŸใ€ใ‚ซใ‚ฟใƒญใƒ‹ใ‚ข่ชžใงใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใฏใ€Œ้ ญใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
10:11
But if I put "de", I'm taking the head off.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ€Œใงใ€ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใ€้ ญใŒใจใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
10:17
Decapitated.
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ๆ–ฌ้ฆ–ใ€‚
10:19
Flect, it's like kind of a movement.
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ใƒ•ใƒฌใ‚ฏใƒˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎใฎๅ‹•ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:24
So, if the ball deflects off me, it goes onto me and then it goes over there.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒซใŒ็งใ‹ใ‚‰้€ธใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใซๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใใ“ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ ใ€‚
10:31
So maybe like, I shoot the ball and it deflects off a player.
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ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€็งใŒใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œ ใŒใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใƒคใƒผใซใใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
10:36
It like, changes direction.
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ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆ–นๅ‘ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
10:38
Compose, yeah.
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ไฝœๆ›ฒใ€ใˆใˆใ€‚
10:41
You can compose an email.
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ใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:43
You can compose a song.
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ๆ›ฒใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:45
You can compose yourself, yep.
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ใˆใˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ๆง‹ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:48
To make yourself feel calm.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใ‚’่ฝใก็€ใ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
10:50
But decompose is the reverse.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ๅˆ†่งฃใฏ้€†ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:54
It's like a body decomposing.
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ไฝ“ใŒ่…ใ‚Šใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:56
It's getting kind of, you know, worms are eating it.
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ใƒฏใƒผใƒ ใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใฃใฆใใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:00
Really nice.
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ใ™ใ”ใใ„ใ„ใ€‚
11:02
Caf, yep, coffee.
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ใ‚ซใƒ•ใ‚งใ€ใใ†ใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ€‚
11:06
Decaffeinated, it's got like, the strong stuff that keeps you awake out.
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ใ‚ซใƒ•ใ‚งใ‚คใƒณๆŠœใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็›ฎ่ฆšใ‚ใ•ใ›็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ๅผทๅŠ›ใชใ‚‚ใฎใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎ ใงใ™.
11:11
So, it has the taste but without the power.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅ‘ณใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‘ใฉๅŠ›ใŒใชใ„ใ€‚
11:16
Activate, if you activate your membership, yep, it's all kind of set up.
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใ€ใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใฏใ„ ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ่จญๅฎšใŒๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:22
But if you deactivate it, then you're doing the reverse and so it's not there.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’็„กๅŠนใซใ™ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€้€†ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใใ“ใซใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:28
You're not part of that anymore.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚‚ใ†ใใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:30
So, you can deactivate memberships, etc.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒƒใƒ—ใชใฉใ‚’็„กๅŠนใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
11:34
Up, higher.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:36
So, beat, yep, think about the beat in the music.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใ€ใˆใˆใ€้Ÿณๆฅฝใฎใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
11:42
If you're upbeat, that means you're like "Woohoo, I'm ready, let's go!".
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใŸใ€่กŒใ“ใ†๏ผใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:50
Roar - you know, like a lion.
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ๅ’†ๅ“ฎ - ใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ชใƒณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใญใ€‚
11:53
Even more than a roar is the noise that a crowd makes if they are really upset about
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็พค่ก†ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่…นใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซ็™บใ™ใ‚‹้จ’้Ÿณใฏใ€่ฝŸ้ŸณไปฅไธŠใฎ
12:03
something.
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ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
12:04
The uproar, when the politician did this, was enormous, yep.
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ๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใใฎ้จ’ใŽ ใฏใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใ€ใ™ใ”ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
12:08
It's a great noise, an uproar.
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ๅคง้จ’ใŽใ€ๅคง้จ’ใŽใงใ™ใ€‚
12:13
Upfield, meaning if this is our sort of field, meaning a pitch here, upfield is a kind of
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ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒซใƒ‰ใจใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒซใƒ‰ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงใฎใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒซใƒ‰ใฏไธ€็จฎใฎ
12:21
up, yeah, a direction in the pitch.
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ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ใˆใˆใ€ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใฎๆ–นๅ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:24
So, that way.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
12:27
Hold, yep.
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:31
I can hold some money, I can hold an apple, a potato.
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็งใฏใ„ใใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ไฟๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€็งใฏใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใ€ใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใ‚’ไฟๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™.
12:37
But this has a more significant meaning if you uphold something, it means like, these
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š้‡่ฆใชๆ„ๅ‘ณ
12:44
are values that I keep to.
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ใ‚’ๆŒใกใพใ™ใ€‚
12:47
I uphold the values of tolerance and hospitality, yep.
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็งใฏๅฏ›ๅฎนใจใŠใ‚‚ใฆใชใ—ใฎไพกๅ€คใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆŒใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
12:54
Something you really lift high, yep, and consider important.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้ซ˜ใๆŒใกไธŠใ’ใ€้‡่ฆใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
13:02
Opposite stairs, yep, stairs up.
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ๅๅฏพๅดใฎ้šŽๆฎตใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใ€้šŽๆฎตใ€‚
13:04
Upstairs, we go upstairs.
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2้šŽใ€2้šŽใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:08
Rising, an uprising, yep, rising.
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ไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใˆใˆใ€ไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€‚
13:12
The sun rises, we rise when we get up.
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ๅคช้™ฝใŒๆ˜‡ใ‚‹ใ€่ตทใใŸใ‚‰ๆ˜‡ใ‚‹ใ€‚
13:16
But an uprising is even more than that.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่œ‚่ตทใฏใใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
13:18
It's like a protest.
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ใฟใŸใ„ใชๆŠ—่ญฐใงใ™ใ€‚
13:19
People are waking up and they're saying, "No, no more!"
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ไบบใ€…ใฏ็›ฎใ‚’่ฆšใพใ—ใ€ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ†ใ ใ‚ใ ๏ผใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:24
An uprising, a really big waking up.
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่œ‚่ตทใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅคงใใช็›ฎ่ฆšใ‚ใ€‚
13:30
The prefix re means again, to do again.
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ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใฎ re ใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€ใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ™ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
13:35
Assess, meaning to make a judgement.
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ใ‚ขใ‚ปใ‚นใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ€ๅˆคๆ–ญใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ€‚
13:38
If I do the judgement again, I have a look and I think whether I got it right the first
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๅˆคๆ–ญใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใฆ ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฏๆญฃ่งฃใ ใฃใŸใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„
13:43
time.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:46
Locate means like, to find, yep.
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Locate ใฏใ€ใ€Œ่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
13:49
But if you relocate, then you are changing where you are.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€็พๅœจๅœฐใŒ ๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:55
I relocated to Los Angeles.
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ใƒญใ‚ตใƒณใ‚ผใƒซใ‚นใซๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:58
I relocated to New York.
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ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏใซๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:02
Restructure.
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ๅ†ๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:03
Structure is the way something is organized.
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ๆง‹้€ ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็ต„็น”ๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:06
So, if you restructure it, then you change it.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ†ๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏๅค‰ๆ›ด ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:10
You change the organization of it.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใฎ็ต„็น”ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:13
Train, choo-choo train?
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้›ป่ปŠใ€ใƒใƒฅใƒผใƒใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใƒฌใ‚คใƒณ๏ผŸ
14:15
No, this is the verb meaning to like, to learn a skill.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฅฝใใ€ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ๅญฆใถใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎๅ‹•่ฉž ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:20
So, if you retrain as a plumber, then you're doing a course and you're learning how to
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้…็ฎกๅทฅใจใ—ใฆๅ†่จ“็ทดใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ๅ—่ฌ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ
14:27
fix toilets and pipes and all the things that we need.
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ใชใ‚Šใ€ใƒˆใ‚คใƒฌใ‚„ใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒ—ใฎไฟฎ็†ๆ–นๆณ•ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณๅฟ…่ฆใชใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ† ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:32
Build, yep, to make.
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ใƒ“ใƒซใƒ‰ใ€ใˆใˆใ€ไฝœใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
14:35
You build a house, but if you rebuild it, then you make it again.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฎถใ‚’ๅปบใฆใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅปบใฆ็›ดใ›ใฐใ€ ใพใŸไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
14:43
And gain, yep, you can gain muscle mass.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€็ญ‹่‚‰้‡ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
14:47
But to regain means to get - to get back again.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ–ใ‚Šๆˆปใ™ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใคใพใ‚Šๅ†ใณๆˆปใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:53
I regained her trust, yep.
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็งใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฎไฟก้ ผใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๆˆปใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:56
I got it again.
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็งใฏๅ†ใณใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:01
Lots of words here, yep.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:03
The most important thing is that you remember the meaning of the prefixes, because then
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ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฏ ใ€ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ
15:10
you'll see them when you're reading and you'll understand how the meaning of the word changes
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้‡่ฆใชๆŽฅ้ ญ่พž ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅ˜่ชžใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
15:16
with these key prefixes.
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ใ€‚
15:18
Have a go at the quiz now.
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ไปŠใ™ใใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
15:21
If you're not a subscriber, become one.
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ใ‚ตใƒ–ใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒใƒผใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚ตใƒ–ใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒใƒผใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:23
And remember there are lots of other teachers on www.engvid.com , all who have a personal
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ใพใŸใ€www.engvid.com ใซใฏไป–ใซใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆ•™ๅธซใŒใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ๅ…จๅ“กใŒๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใชใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใกใ€็งใŒ่กŒใ†
15:28
style and will offer different things to what I do, so check out some of the other teachers
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ใ“ใจใจใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ— ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ไป–ใฎๆ•™ๅธซใ‚‚ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
15:33
as well.
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ใ€‚
15:34
And I'll see you in the next video.
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ใพใŸใ€ๆฌกใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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