Do chimps have the same emotions as us? 6 Minute English

114,801 views ใƒป 2020-10-08

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:07
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:09
BBC Learning English. I'm Rob.
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. ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
And I'm Sam.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
Having your photograph appear on the
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ์žก์ง€ ํ‘œ์ง€์— ์‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
00:14
cover of a magazine makes
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00:16
you famous around the
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:17
world. But imagine if that photo showed
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด
00:20
you hugging and playing
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•ผ์ƒ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์™€ ํฌ์˜นํ•˜๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
00:22
with wild chimpanzees!
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!
00:23
That's exactly what happened to
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00:25
Jane Goodall who shot to fame
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00:27
in 1965 when she appeared
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1965๋…„
00:29
on the cover of National Geographic
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๋‚ด์…”๋„ ์ง€์˜ค๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ ์žก์ง€์˜ ํ‘œ์ง€์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ์–ป์€ ์ œ์ธ ๊ตฌ๋‹ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:31
magazine. Jane introduced
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. ์ œ์ธ์€
00:33
the world to the social and
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00:35
emotional lives of the wild chimpanzees
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00:38
of Gombe, in eastern Tanzania.
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ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋™๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณฐ๋ฒ ์˜ ์•ผ์ƒ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ์ •์„œ์  ์‚ถ์„ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์†Œ๊ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
Jane spent years living among families
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์ œ์ธ์€ ์•ผ์ƒ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋…„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:43
of wild chimpanzees.
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.
00:44
Her observations changed
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์€
00:46
the way we view our closest animal
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋™๋ฌผ ์นœ์ฒ™์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:48
relatives - and made us think
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00:50
about what it means to
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00:51
be human.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
In this programme, we'll be hearing from
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:54
the iconic environmentalist,
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์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์šด๋™๊ฐ€์ธ
00:56
Jane Goodall. She
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Jane Goodall์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
00:57
reflects on how attitudes have changed
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00:59
as science has
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๊ณผํ•™์ด
01:00
uncovered the deep connections
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01:02
between humans and the great apes -
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์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์œ ์ธ์›(
01:04
large primates including
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01:06
chimpanzees, gorillas and
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€, ๊ณ ๋ฆด๋ผ,
01:08
orang-utans, who are closely
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์˜ค๋ž‘์šฐํƒ„ ๋“ฑ
01:10
related to humans.
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์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์˜์žฅ๋ฅ˜) ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊นŠ์€ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐํ˜€๋ƒ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํƒœ๋„๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
And of course we'll be learning some
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:14
related vocabulary along the way.
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๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ด€๋ จ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
As well as Dr Goodall, the National
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๊ตฌ๋‹ฌ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‚ด์…”๋„
01:18
Geographic photographs also
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์ง€์˜ค๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋„
01:20
made the chimpanzees of Gombe
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๊ณฐ๋ฒ ์˜ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:22
famous. People around the world became
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. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ์™ธ๋”ด ๊ณณ์—
01:24
interested in the lives
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01:26
of a family of chimps living
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์‚ฌ๋Š” ์นจํŒฌ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:28
in a remote corner of Africa.
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.
01:31
When Gombe's alpha female died in 1972,
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Gombe์˜ ์šฐ๋‘๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์•”์ปท์ด 1972๋…„์— ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ
01:34
she was so well-loved that
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ
01:36
she had an obituary
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01:37
in The Times newspaper. But what was
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The Times ์‹ ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:40
her name? That's our
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜
01:41
quiz question: which chimpanzee's
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
obituary appeared in The Times?
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The Times์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ง ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:47
Was it: a) Frodo?, b Flo?, or c) Freud?
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a) Frodo?, b Flo?, ๋˜๋Š” c) Freud?
01:52
Well, 1972 is a bit before my time, Rob - I
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, 1972๋…„์€ ์ œ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์•ž์„  ํ•ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Rob - ์ €๋Š”
01:55
wasn't even born then, but I think it's b)
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ b) Flo์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:59
Flo.
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.
02:00
OK, Sam, we'll find out later
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ƒ˜.
02:02
if you were right. Now, when
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”. ์ด์ œ
02:04
Jane first visited Tanzania
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Jane์ด 1960๋…„๋Œ€์— ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
02:06
in the 1960s most scientists believed the
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
02:09
only animals capable
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02:11
of making and using tools
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๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์€
02:13
were humans. But what Jane witnessed
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์ธ๊ฐ„๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Jane์ด Greybeard๋ผ๋Š” ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์˜ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
02:15
about the behaviour
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02:17
of one chimpanzee, who she named
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02:19
Greybeard, turned this idea on its head.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋’ค์ง‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
Here she recalls that famous
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
02:25
day to Jim Al Khalili,
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02:27
for the podcast of BBC Radio 4's
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BBC ๋ผ๋””์˜ค 4์˜
02:29
Discovery programme, The Life Scientific:
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๋””์Šค์ปค๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ The Life Scientific์˜ ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด Jim Al Khalili์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ๊ทธ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋‚ ์„ ํšŒ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
I could see this black hand picking grass
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์ด ๊ฒ€์€ ์†์ด ํ’€ ์ค„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ์„œ
02:37
stems and pushing them
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02:39
down into the termite
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ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ
02:40
mound and pulling them out with termites
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๋ฌด๋”๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ€์–ด ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€
02:44
clinging on with their jaws.
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๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋ถ™์€ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋ฝ‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ„ฑ์œผ๋กœ.
02:46
And the following day,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ๋‚ 
02:48
I saw him pick a leafy twig and strip the
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์žŽ์ด ๋ฌด์„ฑํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ญ‡๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๊บพ์–ด ์žŽ์‚ฌ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๋œฏ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
02:51
leaves, so not only was
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,
02:52
he using objects as
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„
02:54
tools but modifying those
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๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๊ฐœ์กฐํ•˜์—ฌ
02:56
objects to make tools.
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๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
Jane observed the chimpanzee,
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Jane์€ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€
03:01
Greybeard, finding small wooden
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Greybeard๊ฐ€
03:04
branches called twigs and modifying
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์ž”๊ฐ€์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ
03:06
them - changing them slightly
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03:08
in order to improve them.
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๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
By stripping away the leaves from twigs
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๋‚˜๋ญ‡๊ฐ€์ง€์—์„œ ์žŽ์‚ฌ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๋–ผ์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ 
03:12
and using them to collect
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„
03:14
ants and termites to
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๊ฐœ๋ฏธ์™€ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์•„
03:15
eat, Greybeard had made a tool - an
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๋จน๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ Greybeard๋Š”
03:18
instruments or simple piece of
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๋„๊ตฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ
03:20
equipment, for example
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์žฅ๋น„(์˜ˆ:
03:22
a knife or hammer, that you hold in your
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์นผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ง์น˜)๋ฅผ ์†์— ๋“ค๊ณ 
03:25
hands and use for a particular job.
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ํŠน์ • ์ž‘์—…์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์—….
03:28
Previously, it was believed that animals
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์ด์ „์—๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์ด
03:30
were incapable of making
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03:32
tools on their own. What
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
Jane saw was proof of the intelligence
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Jane์ด ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ผ์ƒ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ์ง€๋Šฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:37
of wild animals.
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.
03:38
Jane Goodall's studies convinced her that
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Jane Goodall์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ํ™•์‹ ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:40
chimps experience the same
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03:42
range of emotions
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03:43
as humans, as she explains here to BBC
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. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” BBC
03:46
Radio 4's The Life Scientific:
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๋ผ๋””์˜ค 4์˜ The Life Scientific์— ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:49
I wasn't surprised that chimps had these
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03:52
emotions. It was fascinating
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.
03:54
to realise how many of
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03:56
their gestures are like ours ... so you can
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชธ์ง“ ์ค‘ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€์ง€ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ๋‹ค... ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„
03:58
watch them without knowing
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๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:59
anything about
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04:00
them and when they greet with
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ‚ค์Šค์™€ ํฌ์˜น์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ
04:02
a kiss and embrace, they pat one
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€
04:04
another in reassurance, they
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์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์‹ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‘๋“œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
04:06
hold hands, they seek physical contact
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์†์„ ์žก๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค.
04:09
to alleviate nervousness
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์ดˆ์กฐํ•จ
04:11
or stress - you know,
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์ด๋‚˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ‘์ด‰ - ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
04:13
it's so like us.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
Holding hands, embracing and kissing
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์†์„ ์žก๊ณ  ํฌ์˜นํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‚ค์Šคํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
04:18
were some of the chimpanzee's
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04:20
gestures - movements
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04:22
made with hands, arms or head, to
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04:25
express ideas and feelings.
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์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์†, ํŒ” ๋˜๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์›€์ง์ž„์ธ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์˜ ๋ชธ์ง“ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
In the same way as humans, the
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์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ
04:29
chimpanzees would pat each
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
other - touch someone gently
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04:32
and repeatedly with their hand held flat.
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์†์„ ํ‰ํ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Much of their behaviour was human-like.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
Just as I would hug a friend
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์‹ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์•„์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
04:40
to reassure them,
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,
04:41
the chimps used physical contact to
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์€ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ ‘์ด‰์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
alleviate stress - make pain
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๊ณ ํ†ต
04:46
or problems less intense
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์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:48
or severe. In fact, chimps are
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์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋Š”
04:51
so alike us that sometimes
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋น„์Šทํ•ด์„œ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ
04:53
they even get their name in the newspaper!
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์‹ ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
04:55
Ah yes, Sam, you mean the quiz question
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์•„ ๋งž๋‹ค, ์ƒ˜,
04:58
I asked you earlier: which
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ „์— ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณธ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ: ์–ด๋–ค
04:59
chimpanzee had their
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€
05:01
obituary published in The Times?
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ํƒ€์ž„์ฆˆ์— ๋ถ€๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์—ˆ์ง€?
05:03
And I guessed it was b) Flo.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด b) Flo๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
And that's absolutely right. Well done,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด,
05:09
Sam! Give yourself a pat on the back!
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์ƒ˜! ๋“ฑ์„ ๋‘๋“œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”!
05:12
OK. In this programme, we've been
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
05:14
hearing about legendary
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์ „์„ค์ ์ธ
05:15
zoologist and activist, Jane
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๋™๋ฌผํ•™์ž์ด์ž ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€์ธ Jane
05:17
Goodall, and her experiences living
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Goodall๊ณผ ์œ ์ธ์›(์ธ๊ฐ„์ธ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜์žฅ๋ฅ˜) ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ์‚ด์•˜๋˜ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:20
among great apes - primates like
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05:23
chimpanzees who
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05:24
are humans - closest animal relatives.
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.
05:27
Jane witnessed the chimpanzees of
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Jane์€ Gombe์˜ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€
05:29
Gombe modify - or slightly alter,
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05:32
objects like leaves and
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05:33
twigs to make tools - hand-held
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05:36
instruments used for a particular job.
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ํŠน์ • ์ž‘์—…์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํœด๋Œ€์šฉ ๋„๊ตฌ์ธ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚˜๋ญ‡์žŽ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋ญ‡๊ฐ€์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
Many of the chimpanzees gestures - body
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๋งŽ์€ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์˜ ๋ชธ์ง“, ์˜์‚ฌ
05:41
movements made to communicate
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์†Œํ†ต์„
05:43
and express emotions - like
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชธ์ง“(
05:45
kissing and patting - touching someone
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ํ‚ค์Šค, ์“ฐ๋‹ค๋“ฌ๊ธฐ, ๋‚ฉ์ž‘ํ•œ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
05:48
gently and repeatedly with
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05:50
a flat hand - were almost
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)์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:52
human.
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.
05:53
And just like us, the chimps sought
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค๋„
05:55
physical contact to
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05:56
alleviate - or reduce the severity
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05:58
of, nervousness and stress.
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ๋ฏผ๊ณผ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์˜ ์‹ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ ‘์ด‰์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
That's all for this programme.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
Bye for now!
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
06:04
Bye bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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