BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'The Human Body' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocabulary!

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2023-04-16 ใƒป BBC Learning English


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BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'The Human Body' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocabulary!

201,805 views ใƒป 2023-04-16

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:05
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:07
BBC Learning English.
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.
00:09
Iโ€™m Sam.
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
And Iโ€™m Neil.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
In recent years new diets with
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
00:13
names like โ€˜veganโ€™, โ€˜ketoโ€™ and โ€˜paleoโ€™
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'๋น„๊ฑด', '์ผ€ํ† ', 'ํŒ”๋ ˆ์˜ค'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹ค์ด์–ดํŠธ๊ฐ€
00:16
have become very popular.
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ํฐ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
Are you a vegetarian, Neil?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ฑ„์‹์ฃผ์˜์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๋‹?
00:20
Do you follow any particular diet?
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ํŠน์ • ์‹๋‹จ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:23
Well, I eat lots of fresh fruit and
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์Œ, ์ €๋Š” ์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ผ๊ณผ ์ฑ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋จน๊ณ  ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ
00:26
vegetables and only a little meat
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๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ๋งŒ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:28
from time to time.
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00:30
Well, while many diets claim to
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๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค์ด์–ดํŠธ๊ฐ€
00:32
improve health or help you lose
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฒด์ค‘ ๊ฐ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:33
weight, recent research shows
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, ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
00:36
that what counts is not what you
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„
00:38
eat but how your body reacts.
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๋จน๋Š๋ƒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹ ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
Yes, and that reaction doesnโ€™t
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์€
00:43
happen where you might think โ€“
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
not in the brain, or tongue, or even
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๋‡Œ๋‚˜ ํ˜€, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์œ„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
00:47
the stomach, but in the gut โ€“ another
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์†Œํ™”๊ด€(์ฐฝ์ž์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
00:50
name for the intestines - the long
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์ด๋ฆ„)์—์„œ
00:52
tube inside your body which digests food.
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์Œ์‹์„ ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชธ ์•ˆ์˜ ๊ธด ๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
Inside everyoneโ€™s gut are millions
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์žฅ ์•ˆ์—๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ์—†์ด๋Š” ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ
00:58
of microbes โ€“ tiny living organisms,
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์ž‘์€ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด์ธ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:01
too small to see without a microscope.
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01:04
Some of them are good for us, some bad.
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๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ณ  ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‚˜์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
Microbes help digest food, but they
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์€ ์Œ์‹์˜ ์†Œํ™”๋ฅผ ๋•์ง€๋งŒ
01:09
influence our bodies more than we know.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
Think of them as chemical
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
01:13
factories that cause our individual
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01:15
reaction to the food we eat.
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๋จน๋Š” ์Œ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™ ๊ณต์žฅ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:17
This mix of gut microbes is unique
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์ด ์žฅ๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์€
01:20
and different for everyone, even identical twins.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ผ๋ž€์„ฑ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋…ํŠนํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
And itโ€™s the reason why
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
01:25
some doctors now recommend a
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์ž์‹ 
01:26
personalised diet, one that
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01:28
perfectly fits your own unique
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๋งŒ์˜ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์กฐํ•ฉ์— ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋Š” ๋งž์ถคํ˜• ์‹๋‹จ์„ ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:31
combination of microbes.
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01:32
Weโ€™ll hear more soon, but first I
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๊ณง ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ €
01:35
have a question for you, Neil, and
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Neil์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
itโ€™s about the gut - the tube which
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๋Œ€์žฅ
01:39
includes the large and small intestine.
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๊ณผ ์†Œ์žฅ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€์ธ ๋‚ด์žฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
Itโ€™s very long - but how long exactly
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ธธ์ง€๋งŒ
01:45
is the average adultโ€™s gut?
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ํ‰๊ท  ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ์žฅ์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:47
Is it: a) 3.5 metres?
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a) 3.5๋ฏธํ„ฐ?
01:50
b) 5.5 metres? or, c) 7.5 metres?
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b) 5.5๋ฏธํ„ฐ? ๋˜๋Š”, c) 7.5๋ฏธํ„ฐ?
01:55
Well, everybody is different of
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
01:57
course, but Iโ€™ll say on average
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ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ
01:58
the gut is b) 5.5 metres long.
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์žฅ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋Š” b) 5.5๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
OK, Neil, Iโ€™ll reveal the answer later
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๋„ค, ๋‹, ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:04
in the programme.
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02:05
Among the first to investigate gut
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์žฅ๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ค‘์—๋Š”
02:07
microbes was Dr Tim Spector, author
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02:10
of bestselling book, The Diet Myth.
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๋ฒ ์ŠคํŠธ์…€๋Ÿฌ ์ฑ… The Diet Myth์˜ ์ €์ž์ธ Tim Spector ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
He wanted to check whether the
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๊ทธ๋Š”
02:14
dietary advice he had heard and
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์ž์‹ ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
02:16
believed, advice like โ€˜eat little and
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๋ฏฟ์—ˆ๋˜ '์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ
02:19
oftenโ€™ or โ€˜avoid fatโ€™, was really true.
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์ž์ฃผ ๋จน์œผ๋ผ', '์ง€๋ฐฉ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋ผ'๋Š” ์‹์ƒํ™œ ์กฐ์–ธ์ด ์ •๋ง ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
Listen as Dr Spector explains how
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์ŠคํŽ™ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ BBC ๋ผ๋””์˜ค 4 ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ ๋ผ์ดํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ด์–ธํ‹ฐํ”ฝ
02:24
he started to doubt some of this
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02:26
advice - โ€˜food mythsโ€™, he calls them - to
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์—์„œ '์Œ์‹ ์‹ ํ™”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด ์กฐ์–ธ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:29
BBC Radio 4 programme, The Life Scientific:
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02:34
All these so-called myths that Iโ€™d
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02:36
believed, whether it was about
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02:37
calories, about fats, when to eat, how
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์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ, ์ง€๋ฐฉ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ, ์–ธ์ œ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
02:40
to eat, were based on flimsy or no
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๋จน์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ์€ ์กฐ์žกํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:43
evidence, very old, very poor quality,
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ , ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜๊ณ , ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ ,
02:46
and had been repeated so much
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜์–ด
02:47
that people didnโ€™t think to question them.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•  ์ƒ๊ฐ์กฐ์ฐจ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
One of the food myths Dr Spector
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Spector ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•œ ์Œ์‹ ์‹ ํ™” ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
02:53
questioned was counting calories โ€“
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02:55
the units which measure the amount
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02:57
of energy food provides.
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์Œ์‹์ด ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์–‘์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์œ„์ธ ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
He discovered that much of the
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๊ทธ๋Š”
03:01
dietary advice he had heard was
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์ž์‹ ์ด ๋“ค์€ ์‹์ด์š”๋ฒ• ์กฐ์–ธ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด
03:03
either incorrect or based on flimsy evidence.
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๋ถ€์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋นˆ์•ฝํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
If evidence is flimsy, itโ€™s
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋นˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด
03:09
weak and unconvincing.
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์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
As Dr Spector questioned these
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Spector ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์Œ์‹ ์‹ ํ™”์— ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:13
food myths, he remembered an
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03:15
earlier study involving identical
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์ผ๋ž€์„ฑ
03:17
twins, pairs of brothers or sisters
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์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด, ๋™์ผํ•œ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•œ ์Œ์˜ ํ˜•์ œ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž๋งค๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:20
with the same genes.
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03:22
It was the surprising differences
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03:24
in weight between one twin and
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ํ•œ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด์™€
03:26
another that made Dr Spector
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ฒด์ค‘ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” Dr Spector๊ฐ€
03:28
realise that no two people have
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๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
the same gut โ€“ even identical
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ผ๋ž€์„ฑ
03:33
twinsโ€™ guts are different.
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์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด์˜ ๋‚ด์žฅ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
But, as he told BBC Radio 4โ€™s,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ BBC ๋ผ๋””์˜ค 4์˜
03:38
The Life Scientific, the discovery
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๋ผ์ดํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ด์–ธํ‹ฐํ”ฝ์— ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด,
03:41
came in a very smelly way โ€“ by
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03:43
asking his volunteers to send
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
03:45
samples of their poo in the post!
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๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€๋ณ€ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”์ฒญํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
03:48
We collected lots of these samples,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:50
sequenced them, and looked at
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์‹œํ€€์‹ฑํ•œ ํ›„
03:52
twins where one was overweight
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์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€ ๊ณผ์ฒด์ค‘
03:54
and one was skinnyโ€ฆ and we
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์ด๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€ ๋งˆ๋ฅธ ์ฒดํ˜•์„
03:55
found in every case, the skinnier
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๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—์„œ ๋” ๋งˆ๋ฅธ
03:58
twin had a more diverse microbiome,
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์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ๊ณผ
04:01
greater numbers of different
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
04:02
species and they also nearly
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์ข…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜
04:05
always had high numbers of a
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ตฐ์ค‘ ์†์—์„œ
04:07
couple of microbes that just stuck
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ํŠ€์–ด๋‚˜์˜จ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํฌ๋ฆฌ
04:09
out of the crowd โ€“ and one was
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04:11
called christensenella and the
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์Šคํ…์„ธ๋„ฌ๋ผ(christensenella)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ ธ๊ณ 
04:13
other was called akkermansia.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์ปค๋งŒ์‹œ์•„(akkermansia)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
Although genetically identical, one
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์œ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€
04:17
twin was overweight, while the
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04:19
other twin was skinny, or very thin.
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๊ณผ์ฒด์ค‘์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€ ๋ง๋ž๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ง๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
Because the weight difference
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์ฒด์ค‘ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ
04:23
could not be explained genetically,
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์œ  ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:25
Dr Spector suspected the microbes
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Spector ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋” ๋งˆ๋ฅธ
04:28
in the skinnier twinโ€™s gut held the
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์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด์˜ ๋‚ด์žฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‹ต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์˜์‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:30
answer: the more diverse someoneโ€™s
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.
04:32
microbes, the better their gut was
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์†Œํ™”๊ด€์ด
04:34
at digesting food, regulating fat and
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์Œ์‹์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€๋ฐฉ์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ
04:37
maintaining health.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ…
04:38
Two microbes, christensenella and
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์„ธ๋„ฌ๋ผ(christensenella)์™€
04:41
akkermansia, were especially effective.
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์•„์ปค๋งŒ์‹œ์•„(akkermansia)๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ํŠนํžˆ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
Dr Spector says these microbes stuck
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Spector ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด
04:46
out of the crowd, meaning they were
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๊ตฐ์ค‘์—์„œ ํŠ€์–ด๋‚˜์™€
04:48
easy to notice for their positive effect.
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
And since everyoneโ€™s microbes are
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์žฅ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ
04:53
different, it follows that a personalised
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04:56
diet which selects the friendliest food
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์นœํ™”์ ์ธ ์Œ์‹์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋งž์ถคํ˜• ์‹๋‹จ์ด
04:58
for your gut, is best.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
Right, and all this
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“ 
05:01
talk of eating is making me hungry, so
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”„๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ
05:03
tell me, Sam, was my answer to your
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๋งํ•ด์ค˜, ์ƒ˜, ๋„ค ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด
05:05
question, right?
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๋งž๋‹ˆ?
05:07
Ah yes, I asked about the length of the
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์•„ ๋„ค,
05:09
gut in the average adult.
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ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ์žฅ ๊ธธ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
I said it was 5.5 metres.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด 5.5 ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
Which wasโ€ฆ the correct answer!
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ดโ€ฆ ์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
05:16
Well done, Neil โ€“ that took โ€˜gutsโ€™, which
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์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์–ด, ๋‹ โ€“ '๋ฐฐ์งฑ'์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”์–ด. ์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด
05:19
is the second meaning of the
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์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜๋ฏธ์•ผ
05:20
word: courage.
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.
05:22
OK, letโ€™s recap the vocabulary weโ€™ve
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ„์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์Œ์‹์„ ์†Œํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ด€์ธ ๋‚ด์žฅ์„ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„
05:25
learned starting with gut โ€“ an informal
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๊ฒฉ์‹์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ gut๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
05:27
word for the intestines, the tube which
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05:30
digests food from the stomach.
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.
05:32
Microbes are microscopic organisms
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์€
05:35
living inside the body.
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๋ชธ ์•ˆ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
A calorie is a unit measuring how
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์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
05:39
much energy food provides.
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์Œ์‹์ด ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์–‘์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
If an argument or evidence is flimsy,
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์ฃผ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋นˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด
05:44
itโ€™s weak and hard to believe.
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์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
A skinny person is very thin.
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๋งˆ๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ง๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
And finally, if something sticks out
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฐ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํŠ€์–ด๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฉด
05:52
of the crowd, itโ€™s noticeable in
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05:54
a good way.
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์ข‹์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
Unfortunately, our six minutes are up,
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์•„์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ 6๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
but remember: look after your gut, and
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์žฅ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๋ฉด
06:00
your gut will look after you!
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์žฅ๋„ ๋Œ๋ด์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
06:08
Hello.This is 6 Minute English from
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:10
BBC Learning English. Iโ€™m Rob.
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. ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
And Iโ€™m Georgina.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
What do Vincent Van Gogh and
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๋นˆ์„ผํŠธ ๋ฐ˜ ๊ณ ํ์™€
06:15
Galileo Galilei have in common, Georgina?
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๊ฐˆ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์˜ค ๊ฐˆ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์ด์˜ ๊ณตํ†ต์ , ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜?
06:18
Hmmโ€ฆ their first name and last
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์Œโ€ฆ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ
06:20
names both start with the same letter?
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์„ฑ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:22
Well, thatโ€™s trueโ€ฆ but another
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
06:24
similarity is their amazing
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์œ ์‚ฌ์ ์€
06:26
contributions โ€“ to art and
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์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ณผํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ณตํ—Œ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด
06:28
science - were only recognised after their death.
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์ฃฝ์€ ํ›„์—์•ผ ์ธ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
I know another person whose
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์ €๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ ๋™์•ˆ
06:33
huge contribution to science
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๊ณผํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณตํ—Œ์„
06:35
went unrecognised during her
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์ธ์ •๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ
06:36
lifetime, Rob, but unlike Van Gogh
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Rob์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Van Gogh
06:39
or Galileo, you probably havenโ€™t heard of her.
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๋‚˜ Galileo์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋…€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
Sheโ€™s the subject
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
06:43
of this programme.
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
Henrietta Lacks was a young,
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Henrietta Lacks๋Š”
06:46
black, American mother who
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06:47
died of cancer in Baltimore in 1951.
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1951๋…„ ๋ณผํ‹ฐ๋ชจ์–ด์—์„œ ์•”์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋งํ•œ ์ Š์€ ํ‘์ธ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
Although she never consented to
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
06:52
her tissues being used for medical
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์กฐ์ง์ด ์˜ํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
06:54
research, doctors at the time found
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๋‹น์‹œ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์€
06:56
her cells to have an extraordinary
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€
06:58
ability to replace themselves endlessly.
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๋์—†์ด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Henrietta Lacks์˜
07:01
Named โ€˜HeLa cellsโ€™ after her initials,
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์ด๋‹ˆ์…œ์„ ๋”ฐ์„œ 'HeLa ์„ธํฌ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ช…๋ช…๋œ
07:04
Henrietta Lacksโ€™ tissue helped
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์กฐ์ง์€
07:06
make possible all sorts of medical
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07:08
breakthroughs, from the polio vaccine
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์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์—์„œ ํ•ญ์•”์ œ
07:11
to cancer drugs, to HIV and IVF treatments.
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, HIV ๋ฐ IVF ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์˜ํ•™์  ํ˜์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
Born one hundred years ago, in
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100๋…„ ์ „์ธ 1920๋…„์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ
07:17
1920, the great-great-granddaughter
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07:20
of slaves, Henrietta and her cells
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์˜ ์ฆ์†๋…€์ธ ํ—จ๋ฆฌ์—ํƒ€์™€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€
07:22
continue to provide medical discoveries
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์˜ํ•™์  ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:25
to this dayโ€ฆ
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.
07:26
โ€ฆmost recently, of course, in the
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โ€ฆ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š”
07:28
race for a coronavirus vaccine.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹  ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์—์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
But before we go on, Georgina, itโ€™s
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— Georgina,
07:32
time for my quiz question.
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๋‚ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์•ผ.
07:34
I mentioned that Henrietta Lacks was born one
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ—จ๋ฆฌ์—ํƒ€ ๋ž™์Šค๊ฐ€ 100๋…„ ์ „์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:37
hundred years ago, but do you know
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, 1921๋…„์—
07:39
what other medical breakthrough
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ํ•™์  ๋ŒํŒŒ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
07:41
happened in 1921?
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์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:43
Was it: a) the discovery of insulin?,
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a) ์ธ์Š๋ฆฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ?
07:46
b) the discovery of penicillin?, or,
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b) ํŽ˜๋‹ˆ์‹ค๋ฆฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ?
07:49
c) the discovery of vitamin E?
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c) ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ E์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ?
07:51
Iโ€™ll say, a) the discovery of insulin.
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a) ์ธ์Š๋ฆฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ.
07:54
OK, Georgina, weโ€™ll find out if thatโ€™s
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์ข‹์•„์š”, Georgina. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ
07:57
right later on.
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๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”. 10๋…„ ์ „
07:58
Now, it was Henriettaโ€™s
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ํ—จ๋ฆฌ์—ํƒ€์˜
08:00
biography by science writer,
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08:02
Rebecca Skloot, that brought her
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08:04
remarkable story to the worldโ€™s
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜
08:05
attention a decade ago.
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์ฃผ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผํ•™ ์ €์ˆ ๊ฐ€ ๋ ˆ๋ฒ ์นด ์Šคํด๋ฃจํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์“ด ํ—จ๋ฆฌ์—ํƒ€์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
Here is Rebecca Skloot, explaining
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๋‹ค์Œ์€
08:09
Henriettaโ€™s importance to
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08:11
BBC World Service programme, The Forum:
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ The Forum์—์„œ Henrietta์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” Rebecca Skloot์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
So much of science is based on
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ด
08:17
growing cells in culture which
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08:19
started with her cells.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ๋ฌธํ™”์—์„œ ์„ธํฌ ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
In vitro fertilization โ€“ that started with
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์ฒด์™ธ ์ˆ˜์ • โ€“ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ธํฌ ๋•๋ถ„์— ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์–‘
08:23
the ability to grow embryos in
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์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์•„๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์žฅ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
08:25
culture which you can do in part
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08:27
thanks to her cells so the list just
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๋ชฉ๋ก์€ ๊ณ„์†
08:29
goes on and on, and right now
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์ด์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ
08:31
people are often asking how are
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข…
08:33
HeLa cells helping with Covid. [โ€ฆ]
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HeLa ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ Covid๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋•๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [...]
08:34
Scientists worked that out very
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
08:36
quickly using her cellsโ€ฆ they
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
08:37
figured out what the receptor
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์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ๊ณ 
08:39
looks like and they did the same
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08:40
thing with HIVโ€ฆ
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HIV์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
08:42
so her cells are just
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ธํฌ๋Š”
08:43
this incredible workhorse that is
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08:45
at the base of so much science.
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ๊พผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
Doctors used Henriettaโ€™s cells to
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์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ํ—จ๋ฆฌ์—ํƒ€์˜ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
08:51
figure out โ€“ or understand, how
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
08:53
cells reproduce and divide โ€“
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์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒˆ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์—ดํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ง€์‹์€
08:56
knowledge that was vital in
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08:57
developing in vitro fertilization,
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์‹œํ—˜๊ด€ ์ˆ˜์ •(
09:00
or IVF, a technique for women
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์‹œํ—˜๊ด€ ์•„๊ธฐ), ์ฆ‰ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ
09:02
who cannot become pregnant
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์ž„์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ๋‚œ์ž๊ฐ€
09:04
naturally, in which an egg is
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09:06
fertilized outside the body.
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์ฒด์™ธ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ •๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
Our bodies are made of millions
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ธํฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด
09:09
and millions of cells and to
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€
09:11
understand how they work we
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
09:13
need to grow them in a lab.
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์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
No-one had succeeded in
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09:16
doing this until Henriettaโ€™s
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Henrietta์˜
09:18
extraordinary cells which just
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€
09:20
grew and grew.
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์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
This resulted not only in new
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด
09:23
fertility treatments, but later
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๋ถˆ์ž„ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‚˜์ค‘์—
09:25
in AIDS and cancer breakthroughs,
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AIDS์™€ ์•”์˜ ๋ŒํŒŒ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
which is why Rebecca refers to
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด Rebecca๊ฐ€
09:28
HeLa cells as a workhorse, meaning
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HeLa ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ๊พผ, ์ฆ‰
09:31
someone who does a lot of work.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
But perhaps Henriettaโ€™s greatest
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ—จ๋ฆฌ์—ํƒ€์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ
09:35
legacy of all was the vaccine for polio.
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์œ ์‚ฐ์€ ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
Hereโ€™s professor of genetics,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์œ ์ „ํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ธ
09:40
Sir John Burn, talking to
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John Burn ๊ฒฝ์ด
09:42
BBC World Serviceโ€™s, The Forum:
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BBC World Service์˜ The Forum๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
Henrietta would have particularly
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Henrietta๋Š”
09:46
liked the announcement this year
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์˜ฌํ•ด
09:48
that polio vaccine had led to the
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์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด
09:50
eradication of polio in Africa โ€“ so
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„
09:53
the centenary of her birth it seems
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๋ฐ•๋ฉธ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํŠนํžˆ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
09:55
rather symbolic that her unwitting
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ฌด์˜์‹์ ์ธ
09:59
contribution to medicine eventually
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๊ธฐ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ
10:01
eradicated that scourge of mankind.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์žฌ์•™์„ ๊ทผ์ ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
John Burn calls polio a scourge,
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์กด ๋ฒˆ(John Burn)์€ ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„๋ฅผ
10:06
meaning something causing much
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ํฐ
10:08
pain and suffering.
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๊ณ ํ†ต๊ณผ ๊ดด๋กœ์›€์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌ์•™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
Henriettaโ€™s role in eradicating this
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์ด ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ๊ทผ์ ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ—จ๋ฆฌ์—ํƒ€์˜ ์—ญํ• ์€
10:12
terrible disease is all the more
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10:13
remarkable as she was never
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
10:15
asked permission to use her cells
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญ๋ฐ›์€ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋”์šฑ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ๋งŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
for research, and itโ€™s taken decades
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
10:20
for the Lacks family to win their
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Lacks ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด
10:22
grandmother the recognition she deserves.
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ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋•…ํžˆ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์ธ์ •์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
Thatโ€™s why John Burn calls
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— John Burn์€
10:26
Henriettaโ€™s contribution unwitting โ€“ it
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Henrietta์˜ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ด์—
10:29
was made without her knowledge or consent.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ง€์‹์ด๋‚˜ ๋™์˜ ์—†์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
And with the eyes of the world now
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ˆˆ์ด
10:33
focused on vaccines for the coronavirus,
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ
10:36
this year is a symbolic time to celebrate
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์˜ฌํ•ด๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์˜ 100์ฃผ๋…„์ธ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ 100์ฃผ๋…„์„ ๊ธฐ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:38
her centenary - the one hundredth
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10:40
anniversary of an important event.
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.
10:42
Henrietta Lacks - a remarkable
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ํ—จ๋ฆฌ์—ํƒ€ ๋ž™์Šค(Henrietta Lacks) -
10:44
woman whose name is finally making
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด
10:46
its way into the history books.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ฑ…์— ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์—ฌ์„ฑ.
10:48
But something else remarkable happened
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 100๋…„ ์ „์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:50
one hundred years ago, didnโ€™t it, Rob?
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. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, Rob?
10:52
Ah yes, you mean my quiz question.
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์•„ ์˜ˆ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
I asked you which important medical
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ 100๋…„ ์ „์ธ 1921๋…„์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜ํ•™์ 
10:56
breakthrough occurred one hundred
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๋ŒํŒŒ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
years ago, in 1921.
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11:00
I said, a) the discovery of insulin.
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๋‚˜๋Š” a) ์ธ์Š๋ฆฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
Which wasโ€ฆ the correct answer!
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ดโ€ฆ ์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
11:06
Discovered by Canadian doctor
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ์˜์‚ฌ
11:07
Frederick Banting, insulin saved
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Frederick Banting์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ์ธ์Š๋ฆฐ์€
11:10
the lives of millions of diabetics.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
And on that healthy note, letโ€™s
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์ž์—ฐ ์ž„์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ธ
11:14
recap the vocabulary from this
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11:16
programme, starting with in
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์ฒด์™ธ ์ˆ˜์ • ๋˜๋Š” IVF๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:18
vitro fertilization, or IVF โ€“ a
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11:21
medical technique for women
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11:23
who cannot become pregnant naturally.
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.
11:25
Henriettaโ€™s HeLa cells helped
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Henrietta์˜ HeLa ์„ธํฌ๋Š”
11:27
doctors figure out - or understand -
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์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
11:29
a lot about how cells grow and led
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์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ๊พผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
11:32
to so many medical discoveries
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ•™์  ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:34
we might call them a workhorse โ€“
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11:36
something which works extremely hard.
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.
11:38
A scourge means something that
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์Šค์ปฌ์ง€๋Š”
11:40
causes much pain and suffering,
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11:42
like the terrible diseases which
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11:44
Henriettaโ€™s unwitting, or unknowing,
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ํ—จ๋ฆฌ์—ํƒ€๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ
11:47
contribution helped eradicate.
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๊ทผ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต๊ณผ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
Making 2021 a year of hope and
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2021๋…„์„ ํฌ๋ง์˜ ํ•ด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ 
11:51
the perfect time to celebrate the
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11:53
centenary of her birth โ€“ itโ€™s one
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ 100์ฃผ๋…„์„ ๊ธฐ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ โ€“
11:55
hundredth anniversary!
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100์ฃผ๋…„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
11:57
We hope this upbeat programme
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด
11:58
has been just what the doctor ordered.
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์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์‹œํ•œ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
Remember to join us again
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12:02
soon at 6 Minute English.
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6 Minute English์—์„œ ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:04
Bye for now!
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
12:05
Goodbye!
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์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
12:12
Welcome to 6 Minute English, where
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6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
today we introduce a hair-raising
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์ด ๊ณค๋‘์„œ๋Š”
12:16
topic and six items of vocabulary.
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์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์–ดํœ˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
Iโ€™m Timโ€ฆ So whatโ€™s hair-raising about
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์ €๋Š” ํŒ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณค๋‘์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
12:22
todayโ€™s topic, Neil?
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, ๋‹?
12:24
Hair-raising means
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
12:25
scary but also exciting!
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๋ฌด์„ญ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํฅ๋ฏธ์ง„์ง„ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
12:27
Weโ€™re talking about hair โ€“ which may
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
be exciting for some, but definitely
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ
12:32
wonโ€™t be scary.
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๋ฌด์„ญ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
Hair-raising is a real thing, though, isnโ€™t it?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ง„์งœ์•ผ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
12:36
Our hairs do rise!
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
12:38
Yes โ€“ Tim, they do.
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๋„ค โ€“ ํŒ€, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:39
We get goosebumps when weโ€™re cold,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ถฅ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์„ญ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํฅ๋ถ„ํ•  ๋•Œ ์†Œ๋ฆ„์ด ๋‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:41
scared, or excited.
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.
12:43
But other mammals do it better
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํฌ์œ ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ž˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:45
than us โ€“ Cats fluff up when they
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. ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š”
12:47
see other cats they donโ€™t like.
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์ž์‹ ์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ณดํ’€์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:49
Thatโ€™s true โ€“ We canโ€™t fluff up
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒด๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€ํ’€๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:51
because we donโ€™t have enough
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12:52
body hair.
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.
12:53
I suppose we used to be as hairy
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋ฆด๋ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ„ธ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
12:55
as gorillas โ€“ if you go back a
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12:57
million years or so.
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๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋…„ ์ •๋„ ์ „์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋ฉด์š”.
12:59
Do you know why we lost so
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ
13:00
much hair, Tim?
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๋งŽ์€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ํŒ€?
13:01
Isnโ€™t it because it allowed us to
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13:04
sweat more easily?
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๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋•€์„ ํ˜๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”?
13:06
This meant we didnโ€™t get so hot and tired โ€“ we
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฅ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
13:08
could run faster and for longer โ€“ and
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๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
13:11
catch more animals to eat!
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์žก์•„ ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
13:13
That sounds like a good theory.
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์ข‹์€ ์ด๋ก ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
But do you have a theory on how
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ธ์ฒด์— ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ชจ๋‚ญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
13:17
many hair follicles the human
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13:19
body has today?
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?
13:20
Whatโ€™s a hair follicle?
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๋ชจ๋‚ญ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:22
A hair follicle is the organ that
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๋ชจ๋‚ญ์€
13:24
produces a hair underneath the skin.
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ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋ฐœ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
Now answer the question,Tim.
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์ด์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ํŒ€. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ธ์ฒด์—๋Š”
13:29
How many hair follicles does
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‚ญ์ด
13:30
the human body have today?
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:32
Is it โ€ฆ a) 500,000,
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a) 500,000,
13:34
b) 5 million, or, c) 50 million?
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b) 500๋งŒ, ๋˜๋Š” c) 5000๋งŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:38
50 million sounds about right.
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5000๋งŒ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋งž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
Did you know that men have
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๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€
13:44
more than women, Tim?
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์—ฌ์ž๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด, ํŒ€?
13:46
No, I didnโ€™t โ€“ but it makes sense
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์•ˆ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
13:49
since men are usually hairier
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
13:51
than women.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ„ธ์ด ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์น˜์— ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
On their faces โ€“ but not
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์— โ€“ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
13:53
necessarily on their heads!
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
13:55
Are you referring to the fact
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13:57
that men of a certain age
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ํŠน์ • ์—ฐ๋ น์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด
13:59
can be follically challenged?
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์–ด๋ฆฌ์„๊ฒŒ ๋„์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
14:02
If youโ€™re follically challenged
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด follically ๋„์ „์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
14:04
it means youโ€™re losing your hair!
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์„ ์žƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
14:06
Having little or no hair is
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
14:07
called baldness.
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๋Œ€๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
And if youโ€™ve reached a certain age it means
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํŠน์ • ๋‚˜์ด์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
14:10
you arenโ€™t young any more!
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ Š์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
14:12
Why is our hair so important to us, Neil?
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”, ๋‹?
14:15
When we arenโ€™t
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14:15
worrying about going bald, weโ€™re
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
๋Œ€๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฉด๋„ํ•˜๊ณ 
14:18
busy shaving, waxing, plucking,
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, ์™์‹ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ํ„ธ์„ ๋ฝ‘๊ณ ,
14:20
and trimming the stuff.
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์†์งˆํ•˜๋Š๋ผ ๋ฐ”์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:21
When I say โ€˜weโ€™ of course Iโ€™m referring
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‚˜๋Š”
14:24
to people in general.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
Not myselfโ€ฆ
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๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผโ€ฆ
14:27
Well, a good head of hair indicates
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์Œ, ์ข‹์€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
14:29
health and youth.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ์ Š์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
And hair on your face โ€“ facial hair โ€“ shows
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ผ๊ตด์˜ ํ„ธ โ€“ ์•ˆ๋ฉด ํ„ธ โ€“์€
14:33
when boys have reached manhood.
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์†Œ๋…„์ด ์„ฑ์ธ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
On the other hand, going grey or
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋ฐฑ๋ฐœ์ด ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
14:39
losing your hair shows youโ€™re
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
14:40
getting older.
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:41
Hair today, gone tomorrow?
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ, ๋‚ด์ผ ์‚ฌ๋ผ?
14:44
Bad joke, Neil!
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๋‚˜์œ ๋†๋‹ด, ๋‹!
14:45
Sorry! Itโ€™s true that hair on your
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์ด
14:48
head shows signs of aging โ€“ but
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๋…ธํ™”์˜ ์ง•ํ›„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์ง€๋งŒ
14:50
this isnโ€™t true of all human hair.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์— ํ•ด๋‹น๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒˆ๋ชจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜
14:53
Letโ€™s listen to Ralf Paus, a leading
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์„ ๋‘์ฃผ์ž์ธ ๋ž„ํ”„ ํŒŒ์šฐ์Šค(Ralf Paus)์˜
14:55
hair loss researcher, talking about this.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
14:59
The eyebrows get stronger usually
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ์น์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ 
15:02
in aging men, the hairs in your nose
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์ฝ”
15:06
and in your ears get stronger โ€“ and
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์™€ ๊ท€์— ๋‚œ ํ„ธ๋„ ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
what a miracle of nature that an
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15:10
organ โ€“ when the entire body is
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๋ชธ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋Š™์–ด๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด
15:13
aging actually grows stronger.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
So we may even be able to learn
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
15:17
from hair follicles how not to age.
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๋ชจ๋‚ญ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š™์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
Hmm. Iโ€™m not sure I would swap a
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ํ . ๋‚˜๋Š”
15:25
good head of hair for thick
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์ข‹์€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊บผ์šด
15:27
eyebrows and nose hair.
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๋ˆˆ์น๊ณผ ์ฝ”ํ„ธ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
How about you, Neil?
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๋„Œ ์–ด๋•Œ, ๋‹?
15:30
I agree! But letโ€™s hear more
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค! ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
15:32
from Ralf Paus about why some
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Ralf Paus๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
15:34
hair gets stronger as you get older.
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ชจ๋ฐœ์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
The hair follicle apparently knows
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๋ชจ๋‚ญ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ
15:40
some tricks that the other organs
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”๋ น์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:41
donโ€™t know.
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.
15:42
So itโ€™s continuously
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ
15:43
regenerating itself.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์žฌ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
It goes through
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15:44
a so-called hair cycle and part
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
์ด๋ฅธ๋ฐ” ๋ชจ๋ฐœ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋ฉฐ
15:46
of that we know pretty well โ€“ and
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„,
15:48
that is, these stem cells that it
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์ฆ‰
15:49
uses to regenerate cells.
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์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์žฌ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ค„๊ธฐ ์„ธํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
So a hair follicle can regenerate
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ชจ๋‚ญ์€
15:55
cells โ€“ or grow new cells to
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์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์žฌ์ƒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์žฅ์‹œ์ผœ
15:57
replace old or damaged ones.
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์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†์ƒ๋œ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:00
But if thatโ€™s only true for eyebrows,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ˆˆ์น,
16:03
nose and ear hair, I am not that impressed!
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์ฝ”, ๊ท€ํ„ธ์—๋งŒ ํ•ด๋‹น๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์ธ์ƒ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
16:06
I want hairs on my
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๋‚ด ๋จธ๋ฆฌํ„ธ์ด
16:07
head to be able to regenerate!
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์žฌ์ƒ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
16:09
The important thing here is that
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
16:10
these cells in the hair follicle may
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๋ชจ๋‚ญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์ด
16:13
help scientists discover a way to stop
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด
16:15
other organs of the body agingโ€ฆ
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์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ๋…ธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
OK, Iโ€™m now going to reveal how
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์ด์ œ
16:20
many hair follicles on average we
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์— ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‚ญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:22
have on our bodies.
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.
16:24
The answer isโ€ฆ 5 million.
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๋‹ต์€โ€ฆ 500๋งŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:26
Oh. So not 50 million then.
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์˜ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด 5์ฒœ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:29
Donโ€™t worry, Tim!
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๊ฑฑ์ •๋งˆ, ํŒ€!
16:30
It was a tricky question!
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
16:32
Now letโ€™s go over the
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์ด์ œ
16:33
words we learned today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
16:35
โ€˜Hair-raisingโ€™ means scary often
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'๋จธ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๊ธฐ'๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๋ฌด์„ญ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์œผ๋กœ ํฅ๋ฏธ์ง„์ง„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:37
in an exciting way.
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.
16:39
For example, โ€œThat ride on the rollercoaster
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "๊ทธ ๋กค๋Ÿฌ์ฝ”์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
16:42
was a hair-raising experience!โ€
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณค๋‘์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”!"
16:44
Next is โ€˜hair follicleโ€™ โ€“ the organ
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ํ„ธ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ธ '๋ชจ๋‚ญ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:46
that produces a hair
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16:47
underneath the skin.
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.
16:49
โ€œScientists believe that
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"๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
16:50
stress can affect hair follicles.โ€
462
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์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‚ญ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
16:52
A number of things can affect
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16:53
hair follicles actually โ€“ age, disease, dietโ€ฆ
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋‚˜์ด, ์งˆ๋ณ‘, ์‹์Šต๊ด€ ๋“ฑ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‚ญ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
OK โ€“ but we havenโ€™t got all day, Neil.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, Neil.
17:00
So letโ€™s move on to the next item.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
โ€˜Baldnessโ€™ โ€“ which
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'๋Œ€๋จธ๋ฆฌ' โ€“ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์—
17:03
means having little or no hair
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ํ„ธ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:05
on your head.
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.
17:06
โ€œMy grandfather is bald and
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โ€œํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋Œ€๋จธ๋ฆฌ์ธ๋ฐ
17:08
he always wears a hat to
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Œ€๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”
17:09
cover his baldness.โ€
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.โ€
17:11
Nice example.
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์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:12
Is your grandpa
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š”
17:13
actually bald, Neil?
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋จธ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๋‹?
17:14
No โ€“ he has a fine head of hair.
476
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์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค โ€“ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Š˜๋‹ค.
17:16
Now, if you are a certain age, it
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์ด์ œ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
17:18
means you are no longer young.
478
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ Š์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:20
For exampleโ€ฆ โ€œAll the people at the party
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด... "ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘
17:22
were of a certain ageโ€ฆโ€
480
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ํŠน์ • ์—ฐ๋ น์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค..."
17:24
How many of them had facial
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๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ˆ˜์—ผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
17:25
hair, Tim? Thatโ€™s our next word,
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, ํŒ€? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด
17:27
and โ€˜facialโ€™ means to do with the face.
483
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์ด๊ณ  '์–ผ๊ตด'์€ ์–ผ๊ตด๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
โ€œNone of the people at the party
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"ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์žˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„
17:32
had facial hair.โ€
485
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์–ผ๊ตด์— ํ„ธ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
17:33
Thereโ€™s your answer!
486
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๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
17:35
Thatโ€™s unusual, Tim.
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2012
๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋“œ๋ฌธ ์ผ์ด์•ผ, ํŒ€.
17:37
Lots of
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17:37
men have beards these days.
489
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2000
์š”์ฆ˜์€ ์ˆ˜์—ผ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅธ โ€‹โ€‹๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค.
17:39
OK โ€“ our final word for today
490
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OK โ€“ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”
17:41
is โ€˜regenerateโ€™ which means to grow again.
491
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” 'regenerate'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:43
You can talk about
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17:44
regenerating a range of things,
493
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1760
17:46
for exampleโ€ฆ
494
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
17:47
โ€œThe council has plans to
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"์˜ํšŒ๋Š”
17:49
regenerate this part of the city.โ€
496
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๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์žฌ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:52
โ€œRegeneration of parts of the
497
1072180
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"๋„์‹œ ์ผ๋ถ€์˜ ์žฌ์ƒ์ด
17:54
city is in progress." -
498
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์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." - '
17:56
โ€˜regenerationโ€™ is the noun.
499
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์žฌ์ƒ'์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:59
Well, itโ€™s time to go now.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๊ฐˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:00
But if todayโ€™s show gave
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‡ผ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋ฆ„์ด ๋‹์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
18:02
you goosebumps, please
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18:03
let us know by visiting our
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18:05
Twitter, Facebook and YouTube
504
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Twitter, Facebook ๋ฐ YouTube
18:07
pages and telling us about it!
505
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ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์—ฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”!
18:08
Bye-bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
18:09
Goodbye!
507
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์•ˆ๋…•! ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”
18:16
Hello welcome to 6 Minute English.
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6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:18
I'm Neil.
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18:18
And I'm Dan.
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์ €๋Š” Neil์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ €๋Š” Dan์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:20
In this programme, we going to
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1100000
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก๋Š”
18:21
hear from someone who smells
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:23
smells for a living.
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18:25
Although these
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18:26
are very expensive smells - smells
515
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๊ฐ’๋น„์‹ผ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ -
18:28
that we wear deliberately to make
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ํ’๊ธฐ๋„๋ก ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…๋Š” ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ
18:30
us smell good.
517
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18:32
Ah, you mean scents and perfumes?
518
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์•„, ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
18:34
Yes and perfumes are big business.
519
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๋„ค, ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜๋Š” ํฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:36
And that is the topic of
520
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
18:38
our quiz in this programme.
521
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตญ์˜
18:39
How much is the perfume
522
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ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜ ์‚ฐ์—…์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:41
industry in the UK worth each year? Is it:
523
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18:43
a) ยฃ650 million
524
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3200
a) 6์–ต 5์ฒœ๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ
18:47
b) ยฃ970 million, or,
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2720
b) 9์–ต 7์ฒœ๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ ๋˜๋Š”
18:49
c) ยฃ1.3 billion?
526
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c) 13์–ต ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ
18:53
Well, I don't nose this โ€“ smell,
527
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ,
18:56
nose - this is just a guess, but
528
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์ฝ” - ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ถ”์ธก์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
18:58
Iโ€™ll say ยฃ970 million.
529
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๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 9์–ต 7์ฒœ๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ
19:01
Well, Iโ€™ll let you know the answer
530
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์Œ, ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์— ๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:03
a little later in the programme.
531
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.
19:04
Now letโ€™s hear from Roja Dove,
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์ด์ œ ์กฐํ–ฅ์‚ฌ์ธ Roja Dove์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:06
who is a perfumer.
533
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.
19:08
He designs
534
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880
19:08
and creates very exclusive and
535
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๊ทธ๋Š”
๋งค์šฐ ๋…ํŠนํ•˜๊ณ 
19:10
very expensive perfumes.
536
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๋งค์šฐ ๋น„์‹ผ ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋””์ž์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:13
In a recent BBC video he talked about
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2400
์ตœ๊ทผ BBC ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š”
19:15
the power of smells.
538
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๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์˜ ํž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:17
What does he say there is a very deep
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋งค์šฐ ๊นŠ์€
19:19
psychological connection between?
540
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์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:21
โ€ฆwho we are as a personality and
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โ€ฆ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ๊ณผ
19:23
the type of smells we like.
542
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€.
19:25
When we are born, the part of our brain
543
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ
19:26
which deals with smell is empty
544
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๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‡Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋น„์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ
19:28
so we learn our response to smell.
545
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ํ•™์Šตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:30
And then when we smell that
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ
19:31
odorant again itโ€™s like a trigger or a
547
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๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งก์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
19:33
catalyst that will revive the original
548
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์›๋ž˜
19:36
associational memory.
549
1176320
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์—ฐ์ƒ ๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ๋˜์‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•„์‡  ๋˜๋Š” ์ด‰๋งค์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:38
So Dan, what does he say there
550
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ„, ์‚ฌ์ด์—
19:40
is a very deep psychological
551
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1640
๋งค์šฐ ๊นŠ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์ 
19:41
connection between?
552
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1120
์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:42
Between our personality and
553
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ๊ณผ
19:44
the kind of smells we like.
554
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ์‚ฌ์ด.
19:46
The point he is making is
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์š”์ ์€
19:48
that the smells we experience
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1188320
1760
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์–ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ธ์ƒ์—
19:50
when we are very young can
557
1190080
1440
19:51
have a big psychological impact
558
1191520
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ํฐ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:53
on us even later in life.
559
1193600
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.
19:56
I know that feeling โ€“ smell is a
560
1196240
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ ํ›„๊ฐ์€
19:58
very powerful sense.
561
1198160
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:59
The smell of something can take you right
562
1199600
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„
20:01
back in time and fill you with
563
1201680
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์ •์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฑ„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:03
emotions.
564
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.
20:04
Exactly. For example, when I
565
1204240
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฐฑํ™”์ 
20:06
walk through the perfume area
566
1206240
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ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜ ์ฝ”๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‹๋ฉด ์ฒซ ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฟŒ๋ ธ๋˜ ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์„œ
20:07
of a department store I always
567
1207520
2000
ํ•ญ์ƒ
20:09
feel a bit nostalgic because I can
568
1209520
1920
์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์šด ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:11
smell the perfume my first
569
1211440
1600
20:13
girlfriend used to wear.
570
1213040
1680
.
20:14
Itโ€™s a powerful sensation.
571
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2000
๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์„ผ์„ธ์ด์…˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:16
Dove used particular words and
572
1216720
1840
Dove๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:18
expression to describe this,
573
1218560
1520
20:20
didnโ€™t he?
574
1220080
800
20:20
Yes, first he used the word
575
1220880
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
์˜ˆ, ๋จผ์ € ๊ทธ๋Š”
20:22
odorant to describe the smell.
576
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2160
๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ์ œ๊ฑฐ์ œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:25
Itโ€™s not really a common word.
577
1225120
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:27
We use it more frequently as part
578
1227200
1840
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ์˜ค๋“œ๋ž€ํŠธ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋” ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:29
of the word deodorant, which is
579
1229040
1840
. ๋ฐ์˜ค๋“œ๋ž€ํŠธ๋Š”
20:30
something we buy to cover up
580
1230880
1600
20:32
what we think of as the unpleasant
581
1232480
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20:34
natural smell of our bodies.
582
1234960
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์˜ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์ธ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:37
These odorants, he said, can act as the
583
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์€
20:40
trigger or catalyst for these memories.
584
1240000
3200
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์–ต์˜ ๋ฐฉ์•„์‡  ๋˜๋Š” ์ด‰๋งค ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:43
Both the nouns trigger
585
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๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋ฐฉ์•„์‡ 
20:44
and catalyst refer to something that
586
1244480
2320
์™€ ์ด‰๋งค๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘
20:46
causes a particular response.
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2240
ํŠน์ • ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:49
So a particular smell can be a trigger
588
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2960
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠน์ • ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋Š”
20:52
or catalyst for a particular emotion.
589
1252000
3120
ํŠน์ • ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด‰๋งค์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Dove์—
20:55
As well as being a trigger for
590
1255120
1440
20:56
memories, smells can, according
591
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2160
๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋Š” ์ถ”์–ต์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์š”์ธ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์—
20:58
to Dove, say a lot about your
592
1258720
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:00
personality.
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.
21:01
Here he is again talking
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
21:02
about the kind of scent to wear if you
595
1262800
2080
์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:04
want to give a particular impression.
596
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2309
.
21:07
What does he say these scents make
597
1267520
1680
๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
21:09
you appear very strong at?
598
1269200
2382
๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ๋กœ
21:12
The idea of the message you give
599
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2400
์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜
21:14
off with scent I think canโ€™t be
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์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:16
underestimated.
601
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1120
.
21:17
My suggestion would be to look for very, very
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๋‚ด ์ œ์•ˆ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
21:21
woody, mossy, structured scents
603
1281600
1920
์—‰๋ง์ด๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ,
21:23
called Chypres if the message you
604
1283520
2160
21:25
want to put across is that you are
605
1285680
1760
21:27
someone not to be messed with,
606
1287440
1680
21:29
very, very strong in business, or
607
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์‚ฌ์—…์— ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋˜๋Š”
21:32
whatever โ€“ just not to be messed with.
608
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2480
๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Chypres๋ผ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์šฐ๋””ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™” ๋œ ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—‰๋ง์ด๋˜๋‹ค.
21:35
So what do the scents he described
609
1295360
1920
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•œ ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ๋Š”
21:37
make you seem strong at?
610
1297280
1760
๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
21:39
Business, they can make you seem
611
1299040
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๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„
21:40
very, very strong in business.
612
1300800
1760
๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:42
Mmm, and how does he explain that?
613
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2960
์Œ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
21:45
Well, he says that some scents give
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1305520
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
21:47
off a particular message.
615
1307920
1760
ํŠน์ • ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:49
The phrasal verb give off is often used to describe
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๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ give off๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
21:53
something that we broadcast about
617
1313280
1920
21:55
ourselves without saying anything.
618
1315200
3200
์•„๋ฌด ๋ง๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฉ์†กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:58
So heโ€™s saying that our scent, our perfume,
619
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
22:01
can give off a message about the
620
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22:02
kind of person we are and that we
621
1322960
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
22:04
shouldnโ€™t underestimate that.
622
1324960
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:06
If you underestimate something you donโ€™t
623
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
22:09
give it as much importance as it
624
1329120
1920
22:11
should have, you donโ€™t take it
625
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1760
๋งˆ๋•…ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ๋งŒํผ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„
22:12
seriously enough.
626
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:14
Then goes on to talk about the
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1334000
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:15
particular scent that gives off the
628
1335680
2000
22:17
impression of being very strong
629
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22:19
in business.
630
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.
22:20
Yes, itโ€™s a woody, mossy scent
631
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์˜ˆ,
22:23
which suggests that you are
632
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1600
๋‹น์‹ ์ด
22:24
not someone to be messed with.
633
1344880
2000
์—‰๋ง์ด ๋  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•”์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๊ฑฐ์ง„ ์ด๋ผ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:26
Not to be messed with?
634
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1360
์—‰๋ง์ด๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
22:28
Yes โ€“ someone to be taken
635
1348240
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์˜ˆ โ€“ ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์†์ด๊ณ 
22:29
seriously, someone who is
636
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1440
22:31
serious who you donโ€™t want
637
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์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ง„์ง€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
22:32
to try and trick.
638
1352960
1360
.
22:34
Right and talking of tricking โ€“ did
639
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2480
์†์ž„์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ โ€‹โ€‹โ€“
22:36
we trick you with the quiz?
640
1356800
1600
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์†์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
22:38
I asked - What was the value of
641
1358400
2000
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋‹ค โ€“
22:40
the perfume industry in the UK?
642
1360400
2160
์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜ ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
22:42
And I said it was ยฃ970 million.
643
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3200
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด 9 ์–ต 7 ์ฒœ๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:45
And it was actually option c), which
644
1365760
3420
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜ต์…˜ c)์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ,
22:49
was an incredible ยฃ1.3 billion.
645
1369180
2983
13์–ต ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ธˆ์•ก์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:52
Wow! That is a lot of smelly stuff.
646
1372163
2317
์šฐ์™€! ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:54
It is indeed!
647
1374480
1200
์ฐธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
22:55
Right, now, time for
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์ž, ์ด์ œ
22:57
vocabulary recap.
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๋‹จ์–ด ๋ณต์Šต ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜
22:58
What words and expressions did we
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ‘œํ˜„์„
23:00
have today?
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๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
23:01
Well, first we had odorant โ€“ an
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋จผ์ € ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ํ’๊ธฐ๋Š”
23:03
unusual word for something
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:04
that smells.
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.
23:05
Then two words with a very
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด
23:07
similar meaning: a trigger and
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: ๋ฐฉ์•„์‡ ์™€
23:09
a catalyst โ€“ both of which refer
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์ด‰๋งค - ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค
23:11
to something that can make
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23:12
something else happen.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:14
In this case it was a particular smell
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜
23:16
making us remember something
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:18
from the past.
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23:18
So scents can
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.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ๋Š”
23:19
sends us to the past.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:21
But they can also say something
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ
23:22
about our personality.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:24
Yes, they can send unspoken
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์˜ˆ, ๋ฌด์–ธ์˜
23:26
information - or give off messages.
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:29
And these messages
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ
23:30
should not be underestimated.
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๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„
23:32
If you do underestimate the
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๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
23:34
importance of smell, it means
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23:36
that you donโ€™t take those
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๊ทธ
23:38
messages seriously.
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๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:39
And finally we heard the phrase
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์—‰๋ง์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:41
to mess with someone.
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.
23:42
To mess with someone means that you
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To mess with someone์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
23:44
donโ€™t take them seriously, you
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
23:46
cause them trouble and that
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
23:47
may cause you trouble.
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:48
Well I certainly wouldnโ€™t want
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ
23:50
to mess with you!
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์—‰๋ง์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
23:51
Judging by
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23:51
the messages youโ€™re giving off.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:53
Ah you mean my aftershave?
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์•„ ๋‚ด ์• ํ”„ํ„ฐ์‰์ด๋ธŒ ๋ง์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
23:55
Makes me seem powerful?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”?
23:56
Actually, I was thinking more of the egg
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ ์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋จน์€ ๊ณ„๋ž€์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”
23:58
sandwich you had for lunch.
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.
24:00
I really wouldnโ€™t underestimate
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ํž˜์„ ๊ณผ์†Œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:01
the power of that.
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.
24:03
Ah! On that note, I think itโ€™s
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์•„! ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ ์—์„œ
24:05
time to end the programme.
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:07
For more, find us on Facebook,
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์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ Facebook,
24:08
Twitter, Instagram and YouTube
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Twitter, Instagram ๋ฐ YouTube
24:10
pages, and of course our
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ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์™€
24:11
website bbclearningenglish.com!
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์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ bbclearningenglish.com์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”!
24:14
Goodbye!
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24:14
Goodbye!
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์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
24:21
Hello. This is 6 Minute English
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
24:23
from BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:24
Iโ€™m Rob.
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์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:25
And Iโ€™m Georgina.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:26
Brrr!
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๋ธŒ๋ฅด๋ฅด! ์˜ค๋Š˜
24:27
Itโ€™s freezing cold outside
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๋ฐ–์€ ์ •๋ง ์ถฅ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:29
today, Georgina!
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, Georgina!
24:30
Make sure you wrap up warm.
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๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:31
Iโ€™ll put my woolly hat on.
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์–‘ํ„ธ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:33
When I was growing up I was
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ž„ ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์ฒด์˜จ์˜
24:34
told that you lose half your
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์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์„ ์žƒ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:36
body heat from your head.
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.
24:37
Oh, donโ€™t believe that, Georgina!
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์˜ค, ๋ฏฟ์ง€๋งˆ, ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜!
24:40
Itโ€™s just a popular myth โ€“ you
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€์ค‘์ ์ธ ์‹ ํ™”์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:42
know, something people think
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
24:43
is true which actually isnโ€™t โ€“ like
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
24:46
โ€˜bulls get angry when they
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'ํ™ฉ์†Œ๋Š” ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ธ๋‹ค
24:47
see the colour redโ€™, or โ€˜goldfish
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' ๋˜๋Š” '๊ธˆ๋ถ•์–ด๋Š”
24:50
only have a three-second
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3์ดˆ๋งŒ
24:51
memoryโ€™.
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24:51
Ohโ€ฆ I thought red really did make bulls angry!
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•œ๋‹ค' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•„... ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์ด ์ •๋ง ํ™ฉ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ™”๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”!
24:55
But youโ€™re right, there is some
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹  ๋ง์ด ๋งž์•„์š”.
24:56
disagreement over the age-old
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์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:58
question: should I wear a hat
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.
24:59
when itโ€™s cold outside?
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๋ฐ–์— ์ถ”์šธ ๋•Œ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์จ์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
25:01
In this programme, weโ€™ll be
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ
25:02
asking how much body heat
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ฒด์˜จ์ด ์†์‹ค๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๊ณ 
25:04
we lose from our head and
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25:06
discovering that a simple
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ
25:07
answer isnโ€™t so easy to find.
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๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:10
But first, itโ€™s time for my quiz question.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:12
And letโ€™s start by asking someone who
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ถ”์œ„ ์†์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€, ์ฆ‰ ๋ฏธ๊ตฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค
25:14
knows all about surviving
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25:16
in the cold โ€“ the US army.
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. ๋ฏธ๊ตฐ ์•ผ์ „ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ์˜
25:19
According to the โ€˜Cold Weather Survivalโ€™
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'ํ˜นํ•œ๊ธฐ ์ƒ์กด'
25:21
chapter of the US army
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์žฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฎ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์ถ”์œ„ ์†์—์„œ
25:23
field guide, how much heat
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ด์ด
25:25
is lost in the cold through
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์†์‹ค๋˜๋Š”๊ฐ€
25:26
an uncovered head?
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?
25:28
Is it: a) 30 to 35%?,
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a) 30~35%?,
25:31
b) 40 to 45%? or c) 50 to 55%?
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b) 40~45%? ๋˜๋Š” c) 50~55%?
25:36
You might say itโ€™s just a
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ง€
25:38
popular myth, Rob, but I still
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๋Œ€์ค‘์ ์ธ ์‹ ํ™”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, Rob, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
25:40
think half your body heat is
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฒด์˜จ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด
25:41
lost from the head, so Iโ€™ll
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์†์‹ค๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
25:43
say c) 50 to 55%.
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c) 50~55%๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:47
OK, Georgina โ€“ weโ€™ll come
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์ข‹์•„์š”, Georgina โ€“
25:48
back to that later.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:50
Anyway, whichever answer is correct,
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ , ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹ต์ด ๋งž๋“ ,
25:52
the US army obviously thinks
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๋ฏธ๊ตฐ์€ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํžˆ
25:53
a large percentage of body
749
1553920
1520
์ฒด์—ด์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด
25:55
heat escapes through the head.
750
1555440
2640
๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:58
But that may not
751
1558080
1040
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
25:59
be the whole picture.
752
1559120
1360
์ „์ฒด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:00
Over the years, experiments
753
1560480
1520
์ˆ˜๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์™€ ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด์˜
26:02
to measure body temperature
754
1562000
1360
26:03
in the snowy wastelands of
755
1563360
1440
๋ˆˆ ๋ฎ์ธ ํ™ฉ๋ฌด์ง€์—์„œ ์ฒด์˜จ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์€
26:04
Canada and Alaska have
756
1564800
1680
26:06
given wildly different results -
757
1566480
2480
๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:08
mostly because of variations
758
1568960
1760
26:10
in the methods used, for
759
1570720
1760
26:12
example, whether the
760
1572480
1280
26:13
volunteerโ€™s head was covered
761
1573760
1600
26:15
or not, and whether they were
762
1575360
1600
26:16
dry or submerged in water.
763
1576960
2480
๋ฌผ์— ์ž ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:19
So maybe the US armyโ€™s view
764
1579440
2000
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตฐ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์ด
26:21
is out of date.
765
1581440
1440
์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋’ค๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
26:22
And hereโ€™s some surprising information
766
1582880
1760
26:24
that Tim Harford, presenter
767
1584640
1760
26:26
of BBC World Service
768
1586400
1200
BBC World Service
26:27
programme, More or Less,
769
1587600
1600
ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ More or Less์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰์ž์ธ Tim Harford๊ฐ€
26:29
found after a quick search on Google:
770
1589200
3043
Google์—์„œ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:33
The head accounts for
771
1593280
1040
26:34
about 7% of the body
772
1594320
1520
26:35
surface area and the
773
1595840
1200
26:37
heat loss is fairly proportional
774
1597040
1680
26:38
to the amount of skin thatโ€™s showing.
775
1598720
2400
๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜.
26:41
A human bodyโ€™s surface area
776
1601120
2160
์ธ์ฒด์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์€
26:43
means the total area of skin
777
1603280
1680
26:44
on its outer surfaces โ€“ thatโ€™s
778
1604960
2160
26:47
the head, chest - or torso,
779
1607120
2480
๋จธ๋ฆฌ, ๊ฐ€์Šด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ชธํ†ต์—
26:49
plus the arms and legs.
780
1609600
2160
ํŒ”๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์ด ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฉด์ ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:51
According to this view, heat
781
1611760
1440
์ด ๊ฒฌํ•ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์—ด
26:53
loss โ€“ meaning the total
782
1613200
1600
์†์‹ค(ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
26:54
amount of heat transferred
783
1614800
1280
์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” ์ด ์—ด๋Ÿ‰์„ ์˜๋ฏธ)์€
26:56
away from something through
784
1616080
1600
26:57
its surface, is proportional to body surface area.
785
1617680
4880
์‹ ์ฒด ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์— ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:02
In that case, a 50% heat loss from
786
1622560
2800
์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ 50%์˜ ์—ด ์†์‹ค
27:05
the head - which only makes
787
1625360
1840
(
27:07
up 7% of the bodyโ€™s surface
788
1627200
2240
์‹ ์ฒด ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์˜ 7%๋งŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ
27:09
area โ€“ seems like an overestimation.
789
1629440
3280
)์€ ๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ‰๊ฐ€๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:12
In the 1950s, other military
790
1632720
2080
1950๋…„๋Œ€์—
27:14
experiments were carried out
791
1634800
1440
27:16
in Canada on soldiers wearing
792
1636240
1840
์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ํ•˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์˜จ์—์„œ ์ž…์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ๋ณด์˜จ๋ณต์ธ ๋ถ๊ทน์ „๋ณต์„ ์ž…์€ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ ์‹คํ—˜์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
27:18
artic warfare clothing โ€“ the
793
1638080
2640
27:20
kind of super-warm thermal
794
1640720
1600
27:22
clothes you might wear in
795
1642320
1280
27:23
sub-zero temperatures โ€“ but
796
1643600
1760
27:25
with nothing to cover their heads.
797
1645360
2160
๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:27
Hereโ€™s professor of physiology,
798
1647520
2080
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ƒ๋ฆฌํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ธ
27:29
Mike Tipton, taking up the story
799
1649600
2320
Mike Tipton์ด
27:31
with BBC World Service
800
1651920
1200
BBC World Service
27:33
programme, More or Less:
801
1653120
2012
ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ More or Less์—์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:35
The question was: how
802
1655920
1520
๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
27:37
important is the headโ€ฆ to also
803
1657440
1680
๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€โ€ฆ
27:39
provide some equipment, a hat
804
1659120
2560
27:41
or some form of insulation.
805
1661680
1680
27:43
And in that scenario of course,
806
1663360
1760
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์—์„œ
27:45
when youโ€™ve got insulation
807
1665120
1200
27:46
over much of the rest of the
808
1666320
1040
์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—
27:47
body preventing heat loss, then
809
1667360
2080
์—ด ์†์‹ค์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์—ด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
27:49
obviously the percentage of
810
1669440
1040
๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ
27:50
heat loss from the head is
811
1670480
1440
๋จธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์—ด ์†์‹ค ๋น„์œจ์ด
27:51
going to be highโ€ฆ and at
812
1671920
1600
๋†’์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
27:53
minus 4 degrees Celsius, it
813
1673520
1920
์„ญ์”จ ์˜ํ•˜ 4๋„์—์„œ ๊ทธ
27:55
amounted to about half of
814
1675440
1920
์–‘์€
27:57
the resting heat production of the body.
815
1677360
2880
์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ํœด์‹ ์—ด ์ƒ์‚ฐ์˜ ์•ฝ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜.
28:00
Here the soldiersโ€™ bodies
816
1680240
1760
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชธ์€
28:02
were protected with insulation โ€“
817
1682000
2320
28:04
thick material used to stop
818
1684320
1600
28:05
heat from escaping.
819
1685920
1440
์—ด์ด ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘๊บผ์šด ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์ธ ๋‹จ์—ด์žฌ๋กœ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:07
Since their heads were
820
1687360
880
๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ถ”์œ„์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
28:08
exposed to the cold, around
821
1688240
1840
28:10
half of their body heat
822
1690080
1120
28:11
escaped that way when resting -
823
1691200
2080
28:13
not moving or doing anything active.
824
1693280
2800
์›€์ง์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™œ๋™์ ์ธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•  ๋•Œ ์ฒด์˜จ์˜ ์•ฝ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:16
And so the idea that half
825
1696080
1360
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒด์˜จ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด
28:17
your body heat is lost
826
1697440
1200
28:18
through the head slowly
827
1698640
1280
๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์†์‹ค๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์„œ์„œํžˆ
28:19
become a popular myth.
828
1699920
1920
์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:21
But before you throw your
829
1701840
1200
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
28:23
woolly hats in the bin, thereโ€™s
830
1703040
1760
ํ„ธ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐํ†ต์— ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์—ผ๋‘์— ๋‘์–ด์•ผ ํ• 
28:24
another consideration to
831
1704800
1280
๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณ ๋ ค ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:26
bear in mind; one that
832
1706080
1600
.
28:27
concerns your core
833
1707680
1040
์‹ฌ๋ถ€
28:28
temperature โ€“ thatโ€™s the
834
1708720
1440
์˜จ๋„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ฒƒ โ€“
28:30
internal temperature inside
835
1710160
1520
28:31
your body, including the
836
1711680
1600
28:33
blood, heart, and other vital organs.
837
1713280
3120
ํ˜ˆ์•ก, ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ ์ฒด ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์˜จ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:36
When the head is allowed to
838
1716400
1200
๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
28:37
get cold and the body is well
839
1717600
1680
์ฐจ๊ฐ€์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ๋ชธ์ด ์ž˜
28:39
insulated, the bodyโ€™s core
840
1719280
1920
๋‹จ์—ด๋˜๋ฉด ํ˜ˆ์•ก ์ˆœํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ชธ์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ถ€
28:41
temperature drops rapidly
841
1721200
1920
์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ๋–จ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:43
due to the circulation of blood.
842
1723120
2000
.
28:45
Wow! This question really is
843
1725120
2240
์šฐ์™€! ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์ •๋ง
28:47
blowing hot and cold โ€“ now
844
1727360
1920
๋œจ๊ฒ๊ณ  ์ฐจ๊ฐ‘๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
28:49
I have no idea how much heat
845
1729280
1760
์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ด์ด ์†์‹ค๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:51
is actually lost from the head!
846
1731040
1920
!
28:52
Why donโ€™t you just tell me
847
1732960
1040
๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋‹ต์„ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜
28:54
the answer, Rob?
848
1734000
1440
, ๋กญ?
28:55
OK then. Well, in my quiz
849
1735440
2240
๊ทธ๋ž˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ. ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ
28:57
question I asked how much
850
1737680
1600
์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š”
28:59
heat the US army guide says
851
1739280
2080
๋ฏธ ์œก๊ตฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ
29:01
is lost through the head.
852
1741360
1760
๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ด์ด ์†์‹ค๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:03
I guessed, c) 50 to 55%, or roughly one half.
853
1743120
4640
c) 50~55%, ๋Œ€๋žต ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ •๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:07
Was I right?
854
1747760
1440
๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งž์•˜์–ด?
29:09
Well, you were warm,
855
1749200
1040
๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋„Œ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ–ˆ์–ด,
29:10
Georginaโ€ฆ but not right.
856
1750240
2000
์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜... ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด.
29:12
In fact the army field guide
857
1752240
2000
์‚ฌ์‹ค ์œก๊ตฐ ์•ผ์ „์ง€๋„์ž๋Š”
29:14
says, b) 40 to 45% โ€ฆ but as
858
1754240
4080
b) 40~45%๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐโ€ฆ
29:18
weโ€™ve seen in this case, cold
859
1758320
1840
29:20
facts are hard to come by.
860
1760160
2160
29:22
Letโ€™s recap our vocabulary
861
1762320
1520
29:23
then, because weโ€™re still
862
1763840
1360
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋ณด์˜จ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
29:25
not sure if wearing a hat
863
1765200
1360
๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
29:26
to keep warm is just a
864
1766560
1360
29:27
popular myth - something
865
1767920
2080
29:30
people believe to be true
866
1770000
1280
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์ง€๋งŒ
29:31
but which actually is not.
867
1771280
2560
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋Œ€์ค‘์ ์ธ ์‹ ํ™”์ธ์ง€ ์•„์ง ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:33
It seems that heat loss โ€“ the
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์—ด ์†์‹ค(๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
29:35
total heat transferred away
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์ „๋‹ฌ๋œ ์ด ์—ด)์€
29:37
from something, is linked to
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29:39
the surface area or total area
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29:42
of the bodyโ€™s outer surfaces
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29:44
when exposed to the cold.
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์ถ”์œ„์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‹ ์ฒด ์™ธ๋ถ€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์  ๋˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ฉด์ ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:46
But wearing insulation โ€“
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์—ด์žฌ(
29:48
material used to stop heat
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์—ด์ด ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ์žฌ)๋ฅผ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
29:49
from escaping, may change
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29:51
the bodyโ€™s resting temperature โ€“
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์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ํœด์‹ ์˜จ๋„(
29:53
its temperature when not
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29:54
moving and at restโ€ฆ
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์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ํœด์‹ํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ์˜จ๋„)๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
29:56
โ€ฆand also affect your core
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...์‹ฌ๋ถ€
29:58
temperature โ€“ your bodyโ€™s
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์˜จ๋„(
30:00
internal temperature, including
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30:02
the heart and blood.
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์‹ฌ์žฅ๊ณผ ํ˜ˆ์•ก์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์˜จ๋„)์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:04
Thatโ€™s all for this programme.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒจ์šธ์„ ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
30:05
Remember to wrap up warm
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๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”
30:06
for the winterโ€ฆ
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...
30:08
And maybe pop a woolly hat
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๋งŒ์•ฝ์„
30:10
in your pocket to wear, just in case!
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๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์— ์–‘๋ชจ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด๋‘์„ธ์š”! 6 Minute English์—์„œ
30:12
See you again soon for
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30:13
more trending topics and vocabulary
890
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
30:15
here at 6 Minute English.
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.
30:17
Bye for now!
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880
์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
30:18
Bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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