Covid-19: A new era for cyclists?: BBC News Review

87,888 views ใƒป 2020-05-12

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
hello and welcome to News Review I'm Neil and this is my temporary studio
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. News Review์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” Neil์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:05
while we are on the coronavirus lockdown but I am joined by Kathryn on the other
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ด‰์‡„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด๊ณณ์€ ์ œ ์ž„์‹œ ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์—์„œ Kathryn๊ณผ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
side of London hi Kathryn hello everybody
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00:15
what story have you got for us today well today is a cycling story it turns
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ํƒ€๊ธฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ
00:20
out that during the coronavirus lockdown a lot more of us are taking to two
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ด‰์‡„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‘
00:26
wheels okay well let's find out some more from
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๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด BBC ๋‰ด์Šค ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์—์„œ ์ข€ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:30
this BBC news report the fear of catching coronavirus on public transport
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00:35
is leading to a boom in cycle to work schemes which allow new bicycles to be
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์ƒˆ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ
00:39
bought tax-free bike shops have reported a surge in sales so in the UK a lot of
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๋ฉด์„ธ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ์ƒ์ ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ํŒ๋งค ๊ธ‰์ฆ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€
00:47
people are avoiding public transport and one way they're doing this is to cycle
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€์ค‘ ๊ตํ†ต์„ ๊ธฐํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ 
00:53
and cycle to work schemes have reported a massive uptake and psycho shops are
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์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ 
00:59
busier than ever okay cycling to work schemes what are
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์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
they well the cycle to work scheme is where your employer kind of helps you to
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์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ๊ณ„ํš์€ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ฃผ๊ฐ€
01:08
buy a bicycle and you don't have to pay any tax
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๊ตฌ์ž…์„ ๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ณ  ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
01:11
so the bicycle becomes a lot cheaper so lots of people buying bikes and getting
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ์ฒด์–ด ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ 
01:16
out old bikes and getting them repaired you've been looking around the various
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์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋‚ด์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ
01:20
news websites and you've picked out three really great expressions what have
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๋‰ด์Šค ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด์•˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๊ณจ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
you got yes we have boom time golden age and at the crossroads boom time golden
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๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ ๋ถ ํƒ€์ž„ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ
01:35
age and at the crossroads so your first headline please yes and we're going to
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์—์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์˜ˆ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:41
start here in the UK with the BBC the headline is coronavirus boom time for
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BBC์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€
01:49
bikes as virus changes lifestyles okay so boom time a period in which
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ผ์ดํ”„์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ถ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€
01:56
there is a large increase in demand for something yes
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์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์˜ˆ
02:00
it's a two-word expression the first word boom bwm and the second word time t
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ถ bwm ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ t
02:08
I am a boom time now new what noise does an explosion make ah it
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๋ถ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ํญ๋ฐœ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์†Œ์Œ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š”์ง€ ์•„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
02:16
makes a boom it goes boom yes boom is a lovely onomatopoeic word that describes
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๋ถ์„ ์ผ์œผ ํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ์„ ์ผ์œผ ํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์˜ˆ ๋ถ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด๋‚˜ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ํฐ ์†Œ์Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์˜์„ฑ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
the word the sound of an explosion or a very very very loud noise now as we know
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02:34
explosions make things move all over the place and
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02:39
we often use them to describe rapid expansion rapid growth so if some people
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02:48
a lot of people start doing a particular activity all around about the same time
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์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์‹œ์— ํŠน์ • ํ™œ๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
we can describe this as a boom now we often use the word boom in economic
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜ธํ™ฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
02:59
terms or business terms if people buy a lot of a particular product we describe
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํŠน์ • ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์šฉ์–ด๋‚˜ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ํ˜ธํ™ฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
that activity as a boom we can also talk about boom time when a lot of people do
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ˜ธํ™ฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ˜ธํ™ฉ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
03:11
as the same thing it's a boom time in this case it's boom time for bicycles
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์—๋Š” ํ˜ธํ™ฉ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ˜ธํ™ฉ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
it's boom time for cycling it's boom time for cycle manufacturers and notice
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ˜ธํ™ฉ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์ œ์กฐ์—…์ฒด์˜ ํ˜ธํ™ฉ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
03:23
the preposition there is for it is boom time for this activity so in that usage
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์ด ํ™œ๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์—์„œ
03:31
we saw boom as a noun but it's also used as a verb isn't it yes something can
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” boom์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ณด์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
03:38
boom now we often that use the set phrase business is booming to describe
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๋ถ์„
03:45
any business that's doing really well yeah so the cycle business is booming at
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์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. cycle business is booming at
03:49
the moment often used in the continuous form something is booming now I've also
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the moment๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์—ฐ์†์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ˜ธํ™ฉ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ
03:55
heard an expression boom or bust what's that all about yes boom or bust
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boom ๋˜๋Š” bust๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค What's that all about yes boom or bust
04:01
and we use this expression boom or bust to describe the experience of taking a
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ taki์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด boom ๋˜๋Š” bust๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ng
04:07
risk with a new idea or a new venture it means that you're either going to be
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฒค์ฒ˜ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
04:12
very very successful it'll be a boom or it's going to be a complete disaster
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๋งค์šฐ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜ธํ™ฉ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋˜๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…๋˜๋Š” ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์žฌ์•™์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
04:18
which is described as burst so boom or bust describes a risk
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ํ˜ธํ™ฉ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆํ™ฉ์€ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:24
um you did a kind of boom or bust activity recently didn't you kneel with
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์Œ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ถ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฒ„์ŠคํŠธ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•˜์…จ๊ตฐ์š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๋กœ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ๊ฟ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
04:29
your wonderful video series English for cats remember yeah I I had a feeling
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04:37
that it would be very very successful but I also had a bit of a doubt that it
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04:41
would be a terrible crushing failure and so the decision to go with this series
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๋”์ฐํ•œ ์••๋„์ ์ธ ์‹คํŒจ์˜€๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€
04:47
was in fact boom or bust and unfortunately everybody hated it so it
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ถ์ด๋ƒ ๋ถˆํ™ฉ์ด๋ƒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ด์„œ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ
04:52
turned out to be bust I could have told you that dad Fran Smith could have saved
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ํŒŒ์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋น  Fran Smith๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
you the trouble I just don't understand it
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์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”
05:02
try another one French for dogs French for dogs is coming up I can tell you
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณง ์ถœ์‹œ๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:07
great ok let's have a summary of that word please
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
your next headline then please Catherine yes we're now going still in the UK to
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๋‹ค์Œ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ์„ ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ, ์ด์ œ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ
05:24
cycling weekly the headline is Prime Minister Boris Johnson says this should
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๋งค์ฃผ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์ˆœํ™˜ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด๋ฆฌ์Šค ์กด์Šจ ์ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด sh๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
be a new golden age for cycling so golden age a period in which a
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์‚ฌ์ดํด๋ง์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ
05:38
particular activity is popular or successful yes so two words again golden
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ํŠน์ • ํ™œ๋™์ด ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์˜ˆ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ
05:46
gol de n and the second word age AG e so golden age now this is slightly
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ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ de n๊ณผ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด ์‹œ๋Œ€ AG e ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
05:56
confusing for me because I know what golden means it's an adjective which
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์„ธ์š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
06:00
describes things that are gold that material or color so what's the
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๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒ‰๊น”์ด ๊ธˆ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
06:04
connection yes the precious metal gold the
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์˜ˆ ๊ท€๊ธˆ์† ๊ธˆ
06:08
adjective form is golden it can be golden gol te and if something is golden
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๊ธˆ์ƒ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธˆ์ƒ‰ ๊ณจํ…Œ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ธˆ์ƒ‰์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
06:14
it's literally made of gold or it's golden color but we're using this in a
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์กŒ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธˆ์ƒ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„
06:20
more figurative sense so if something is golden it means that it's valuable it's
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์ข€ ๋” ๋น„์œ ์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ์ƒ‰์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
successful it's important everybody loves it everybody wants it so golden
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์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
here describes success and popularity and age a GE is a period of time so
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06:40
together the expression golden age means a period of great success and great
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ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋ณด๋ฆฌ์Šค ์กด์Šจ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต๊ณผ ํฐ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธ
06:47
popularity now with the headline Boris Johnson is saying but it's Prime
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
06:52
Minister Boris Johnson is saying that there will be lots of popularity and
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๋ณด๋ฆฌ์Šค ์กด์Šจ ์ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
success with cycling it will be a golden age he's saying but you can use it not
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ํƒ€๊ธฐ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต๊ณผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ถ์˜
07:00
just for transport for any phase in any really sphere of life it can be business
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๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ๊ณ„์˜ ์šด์†ก์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:06
it can be politics it can be your own personal life where a Golden Age is
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์ •์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
successful period in your life now I know that you really love old films
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜›๋‚  ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
Catherine we often hear about the Golden Age of Hollywood yes you can talk about
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์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ์˜ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ค, ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ์˜ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
the Golden Age of Hollywood and that was in their 1950s when they made lots of
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07:29
movies with big production values lots of dancing singing they were very very
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๋งŽ์€
07:33
glamorous lots of movie stars this is described as the Golden Age of Hollywood
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์˜ํ™” ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ™”๋ คํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ์˜ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋˜๋ฉฐ
07:39
and you can really talk about any success period being the Golden Age of
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๋ชจ๋“  ์„ฑ๊ณต ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด
07:44
something for example the two day the early 21st century can be described as
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 21์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ดํ‹€์€
07:50
the Golden Age of social media when lots of companies were having a lot of
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์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์˜ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
07:55
success with it yeah okay do we hear any other precious metals used in this way
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ท€๊ธˆ์†์€ ์ž˜ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ˆ
08:01
well we have a lot of expressions with silver but their word silver as an
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์€์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ilver๋Š”
08:07
adjective often describes older people in fact you can talk about a silver
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์ข…์ข… ๋…ธ์ธ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์‹ค๋ฒ„ ์„œํผ๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
surfer being an older person who uses the internet for example okay let's now
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08:19
have a summary of that expression Golden Age
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08:29
if you would like to watch another program and learn an expression
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08:34
connected to cycling we have the perfect thing for you don't we Catherine yes we
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ํƒ€๊ธฐ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ
08:38
do click the link in the description to find out what the English phrase like
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์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„
08:43
riding a bike means and how to use it ok let's now have a look at the final
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์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ด์ œ ์ตœ์ข… ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
headline please let's do that and we're going to the telegraph in the UK the
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ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ ์ œ๋ฐœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ์ „์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:57
headline reads at the crossroads why coronavirus could turn Britain into a
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ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์˜๊ตญ์„
09:03
cycling nation at the crossroads at a point when an important decision needs
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๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์—์„œ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์—์„œ ์ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:10
to be made yes three word expression this time at 80 the tha crossroads C R o
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์˜ˆ ์„ธ ๋‹จ์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„ time at 80 the tha crossroads C R o
09:20
SS ro ad s at the crossroads now Mia you know what a crossroads is don't you yeah
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SS road s at the crossroads ์ง€๊ธˆ Mia ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:29
crossroads is when you've got one road going like that and you've got another
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๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
09:32
road crossing it yes so two roads going in different directions that meet and
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๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์˜ˆ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€
09:37
cross each other so you haven't least four different options for directions of
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์„œ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ  ๊ต์ฐจํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ต์…˜์ด
09:43
trouble when you reach it crossroads don't you you do yes so are we talking
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์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
now about figurative changes of direction well we are yes if it's not to
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09:53
do with transport even though this story is about transport and that's probably
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ตํ†ต์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตํ†ต๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„๋งˆ๋„
09:58
why they've used this expression you can be at a crossroads meaning you have a
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์— ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ์—
10:03
decision to make about what's going to happen next now this could be a big
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๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
decision in your life it usually is a big decision something like shall I get
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์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ํฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
10:15
married or which university shall I go to or maybe you want to change your job
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ• ์ง€, ์–ด๋Š ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๊ฐˆ์ง€, ์ง์—…์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:20
so it's when you're at a point in your life when you've got a big decision to
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ํฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”
10:25
make I'm sure you've been at the crossroads a few times in your life here
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐˆ๋ฆผ๊ธธ์— ์„œ์…จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
I guess we all have yes deciding whether or not to have children as you as you
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•œ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
10:35
said or deciding to change your career I worked as a journalist before for
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๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
example I decided to change my career that was I was at the crossroads when I
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ธฐ์ž ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐˆ๋ฆผ๊ธธ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:45
made that decision yeah and there's a fixed phrase at the crossroads
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์˜ˆ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์—๋Š” ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:50
crossroads is always plural in this phrase it's not just about personal
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๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
10:56
decisions it can be about bigger big business decisions a company can be at
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๋” ํฐ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:01
the crossroads deciding whether it's going to branch out into a new area or
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„์ถœํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€,
11:07
whether it's going to close some online stores or how it's going to kind of
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ƒ์ ์„ ํ์‡„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋˜๋Š”
11:11
develop next big decisions when a big decision is facing you you are at the
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ํฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฅ์ณค์„ ๋•Œ ๋‹ค์Œ ํฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š”
11:16
crossroads we often hear about the climate being at a crossroads at the
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๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ธฐํ›„๊ฐ€ ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:20
moment yes we could say this planet is at the crossroads what happens to it
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์˜ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ์€
11:26
next depends on human activity yeah so it's future direction is in the process
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์ธ๊ฐ„ ํ™œ๋™์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์˜ˆ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์€ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
of being decided I suppose it's up to us okay
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
well let's have a summary of that final expression
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ์š”์•ฝ
11:47
time now then just for a summary of our vocabulary
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์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์–ดํœ˜์˜ ์š”์•ฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
11:51
yes we had boon time a period in which there is a large increase in demand for
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์˜ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
something we had golden age a period in which a particular activity is popular
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠน์ • ํ™œ๋™์ด ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
12:06
or successful and we had at the crossroads at a point where an important
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์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ
12:13
decision needs to be made I bet you would love to test yourself on that
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๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์— ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ BBC learning english.com์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ด๋‹น ์–ดํœ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
vocabulary which you can do by checking out our website BBC learning english.com
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12:23
stay safe and join us next time bye
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์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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