BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Space' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocabulary!

92,758 views ใƒป 2023-12-10

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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6 Minute English
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from BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
00:05
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
โ€” I'm Alice. โ€” And I'm Rob.
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โ€” ์ €๋Š” ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค์˜ˆ์š”. โ€” ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ด์—์š”.
00:10
So, Rob, what job did you want to do when you were little?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ Rob, ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
00:13
Oh, I really wanted to be an astronaut. Be in orbit, watching the Earth from afar.
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์•„, ๋‚œ ์ •๋ง ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ถค๋„์— ์˜ฌ๋ผ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ์„œ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:18
Wow! Be 'in orbit' โ€” it means 'be in space and following the Earth's curvature'.
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์šฐ์™€! '๊ถค๋„์— ์žˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์€ '์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ณก๋ฅ ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
Well, the view must be nice from up there.
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์Œ, ์ €๊ธฐ ์œ„์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
00:27
But the reality of becoming an astronaut is pretty hard.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์€ ๊ฝค ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
And it's the subject of today's show.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฉ์†ก์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๊ฐ„
00:33
Did you know that less than 600 people have been into space so far?
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด 600๋ช… ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š” ?
00:38
I'd like to have been one of them. I know I have what it takes to be a spaceman!
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๋‚˜๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
00:43
Yes. There are many others like you who would like to go for this job, Rob.
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์˜ˆ. ๋‹น์‹ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”, Rob.
00:47
And that's the quiz question for you today.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
How many people have applied to join Nasa's 2017 astronaut class?
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NASA์˜ 2017๋…„ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์ด ์ง€์›ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:55
Was it a) 800?
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a) 800์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:58
b) 8,000?
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b) 8,000?
01:00
Or c) 18,000 people?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) 18,000๋ช…?
01:03
Hmm, 8,000 sounds like a lot already, so I'll go for b) 8,000 people.
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ํ , 8,000๋ช…์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋‹ˆ b) 8,000๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
Well, we'll find out if you chose the right answer later on in the programme.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:14
So, what do you think is the biggest challenge
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:17
when considering becoming an astronaut?
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์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
01:19
Well, I'd say 'claustrophobia' โ€” and that means 'fear of being in a small space'.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ €๋Š” 'ํ์†Œ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” '์ž‘์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
That might be a problem, because the space capsules are small
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์šฐ์ฃผ ์บก์Š์€ ์ž‘๊ณ 
01:29
and you're with the same people for months at a time.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
Yes, that's right.
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๋„ค, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
Well, astronauts are bound to get on each other's nerves sometimes!
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์Œ, ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฑด๋“œ๋ฆด ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
01:37
'To get on someone's nerves' means 'to annoy them'.
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'๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฑด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'๋Š” '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ดด๋กญํžˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
But I'm a great team player, so I think I'll be OK.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ํŒ€ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
Yes, I can confirm that.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
Anyway, the challenge of being an astronaut doesn't stop here.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ์˜ ๋„์ „์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
01:50
In the space capsule,
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์šฐ์ฃผ ์บก์Š์—์„œ
01:51
astronauts have to put up with extremely difficult conditions,
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์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์ค‘๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ฒฌ๋ŽŒ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:55
like zero gravity, for example.
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01:57
Yeah, it looks like fun, doing somersaults in the capsule
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๋„ค, ์บก์Š ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๊ณต์ค‘์ œ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ํŒจํ‚ท์—์„œ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋•Œ
02:00
and catching bits of food in your mouth as it floats out of its packet.
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์ž…์— ์Œ์‹ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:03
But 'zero gravity' โ€” a condition where gravity is exerting no force โ€”
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ํž˜์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์ธ '๋ฌด์ค‘๋ ฅ'์€
02:09
can lead to wasting of the bones and muscles.
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๋ผˆ์™€ ๊ทผ์œก์˜ ์†Œ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
Astronauts take two and a half hours of exercise per day to help prevent this.
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์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ 30๋ถ„์”ฉ ์šด๋™์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
But what do astronauts have to do before they go into space
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์€
02:20
to prepare themselves for weightlessness and spacewalking?
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๋ฌด์ค‘๋ ฅ ์ƒํƒœ์™€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์œ ์˜์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:23
They can practice using a virtual reality headset and special gloves.
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๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค ํ—ค๋“œ์…‹๊ณผ ํŠน์ˆ˜ ์žฅ๊ฐ‘์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
It's like playing a computer game that looks and feels like doing a spacewalk.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์œ ์˜์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
And they also train in a swimming pool!
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ์—์„œ ํ›ˆ๋ จ๋„ ํ•ด์š”!
02:36
Let's listen to Major Tim Peake, a British astronaut,
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์˜๊ตญ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ํŒ€ ํ”ผํฌ(Tim Peake) ์†Œ๋ น์ด
02:39
talking about the preparation he did
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02:41
for his mission on the International Space Station.
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๊ตญ์ œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์ •๊ฑฐ์žฅ ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ค€๋น„ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
02:44
The way we practise spacewalking is in water.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์œ ์˜์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌผ ์†์—์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
Water gives us the neutral buoyancy that we need,
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๋ฌผ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ค‘์„ฑ ๋ถ€๋ ฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
02:49
so we sink training modules into swimming pools
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ์— ๋„ฃ์€
02:52
and then practise the spacewalking on them.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ ์œ„์—์„œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์œ ์˜์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:54
We wear very specific equipment, a pressurised spacesuit โ€”
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์žฅ๋น„, ์ฆ‰ ์••๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง„ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ณต์„ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
very difficult to move in actually โ€”
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
it's hard to bend the fingers, it's hard to bend your arms โ€”
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์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ€๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ , ํŒ”์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ€๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋„ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
and it really gives you quite a difficult workout.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์šด๋™์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
British astronaut Tim Peake says water gives us 'buoyancy',
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์˜๊ตญ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ํŒ€ ํ”ผํฌ(Tim Peake)๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋– ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ธ '๋ถ€๋ ฅ'์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:09
which is the ability to float.
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03:10
Floating in space is similar to floating in water,
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์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋–  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌผ ์œ„์— ๋–  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌ
03:14
so astronauts practise their spacewalk in swimming pools.
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ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ์—์„œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์œ ์˜์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:17
Yes. They take to the water and to the air too.
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์˜ˆ. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ ๊ณผ ๊ณต์ค‘์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ์ฃผ
03:21
Astronauts experience the feeling of weightlessness in planes.
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๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์ค‘๋ ฅ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
A large plane with padded walls flies to high altitude
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๋ฒฝ์„ ๋ง๋Œ„ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋†’์€ ๊ณ ๋„๋กœ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ„
03:29
and then goes into a 'nosedive' โ€” or a fast and sudden fall โ€”
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ํ›„ '๊ธฐ์ˆ˜ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ•ํ•˜' ์ฆ‰, ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋‚™ํ•˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
03:33
which creates short periods of weightlessness.
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์งง์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฌด์ค‘๋ ฅ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
Fabulous! I'd love to do that!
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๊ต‰์žฅํ•œ! ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
03:38
But it's not all fun and games.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์žฌ๋ฏธ์™€ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
Don't forget that one of the main reasons
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03:43
for being out on the International Space Station is to conduct research.
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๊ตญ์ œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์ •๊ฑฐ์žฅ์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ฃผ๋œ ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
03:46
Major Tim Peake is doing scientific experiments
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ํŒ€ ํ”ผํฌ ์†Œ๋ น์€
03:49
such as how to grow plants in space,
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์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์‹๋ฌผ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•,
03:52
and what effect radiation and zero gravity have on this process.
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๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ๊ณผ ๋ฌด์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ ๊ณผํ•™ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ์ฃผ
03:56
Like that film where an astronaut gets 'stranded' โ€” or left behind โ€”
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๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”์„ฑ์— '์ขŒ์ดˆ'๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ ธ
04:00
on Mars and has to grow potatoes.
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๊ฐ์ž๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ํ™”์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:02
โ€” Yes. โ€” The film's called The Martian.
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- ์˜ˆ. โ€” ์˜ํ™” ์ด๋ฆ„์€ '๋งˆ์…˜'์ด์—์š”.
04:04
That's right. Yes.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์˜ˆ.
04:05
So, do you think you have what it takes to survive in a challenging environment, Rob?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š” , Rob? ํŒ€ ํ”ผํฌ(
04:10
Let's listen to Major Tim Peake talking about his survival training.
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Tim Peake) ์†Œ๋ น์ด ์ƒ์กด ํ›ˆ๋ จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
04:14
Survival training, for this, the European Space Agency sends us to Sardinia.
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์ƒ์กด ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ตญ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ฅด๋””๋‹ˆ์•„๋กœ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
When you land in the Soyuz capsule,
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์†Œ์œ ์ฆˆ ์บก์Š์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•  ๋•Œ
04:20
sometimes you might not land exactly where you expect to be.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ๋˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:23
Foraging for food, for example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์Œ์‹์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ ,
04:24
and your basic elements of shelter and protection, getting water.
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ํ”ผ๋‚œ์ฒ˜์™€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ , ๋ฌผ์„ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ์ œ ์Šน๋ฌด์›๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
04:28
Go and live in a cave for seven days with an international crew.
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7์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ๋™๊ตด์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ƒํ™œํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
04:31
And it's a wonderful environment to prepare you for a mission,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์„ ๊ต ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
because you are very isolated.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
So astronauts may get stranded on Earth โ€”
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋Š”
04:39
when the space capsule lands somewhere unexpected.
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์šฐ์ฃผ ์บก์Š์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ณณ์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ๋ฐœ์ด ๋ฌถ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
And they have to find food. 'Forage' means to search.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Œ์‹์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'Forage'๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:45
Mm, it's a word we often use to describe how animals search for food.
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์Œ, ๋™๋ฌผ์ด ๋จน์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ฃ .
04:49
Indeed. Well, let's go back to that quiz question you asked me earlier, Alice.
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๋ฌผ๋ก . ์ž, ์•„๊นŒ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์ž, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค.
04:54
I'm keen to know how many people
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ
04:56
want to live this experience of being an astronaut.
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๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
OK.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
05:00
Well, I asked how many people have applied to join NASA's 2017 astronaut class?
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, NASA์˜ 2017๋…„ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์ด ์ง€์›ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
Was it a) 800? b) 8,000?
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a) 800์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? b) 8,000?
05:11
Or c) 18,000 people?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) 18,000๋ช…?
05:14
Mm, and I said quite a lot, b) 8,000 people.
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์Œ, ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. b) 8,000๋ช….
05:18
Mm-hm.
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์Œ-ํ .
05:19
And you were wrong, I'm afraid!
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ‹€๋ ธ์–ด์š”. ์œ ๊ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„์š”!
05:22
According to Nasa's website,
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NASA ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
05:24
more than 18,300 people applied to join their 2017 astronaut class.
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18,300๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด 2017๋…„ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ง€์›ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
This is almost three times the number of applications received in 2012,
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด 2012๋…„์— ์ ‘์ˆ˜๋œ ์ง€์›์ž ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 3๋ฐฐ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:33
for the most recent astronaut class.
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.
05:35
Wow! So, there's no chance of me ever succeeding.
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์šฐ์™€! ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
Oh, well, you mustn't give up, Rob.
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์•„, ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”, Rob.
05:40
Anyway, we are running out of time, so here are the words we heard today โ€”
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ , ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
in orbit, claustrophobia,
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๊ถค๋„์—์„œ, ๋ฐ€์‹ค๊ณตํฌ์ฆ,
05:48
get on someone's nerves,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์— ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค,
05:50
zero gravity,
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๋ฌด์ค‘๋ ฅ,
05:52
buoyancy, nosedive,
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๋ถ€๋ ฅ, ๊ธ‰๊ฐ•ํ•˜, ์ขŒ์ดˆ
05:55
stranded,
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,
05:57
forage.
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๋งˆ์ดˆ.
05:58
Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English. Please join us again soon!
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์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”!
06:03
โ€” Bye-bye. โ€” Bye-bye.
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- ์•ˆ๋…•. - ์•ˆ๋…•.
06:05
6 Minute English
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06:06
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
06:10
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Sam.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ด์—์š”.
06:14
And I'm Rob.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ด์—์š”. Rob,
06:15
How good are you at finding your way from A to B, Rob? Can you read a map?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ A์—์„œ B๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ธธ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
06:20
Oh, come on, Sam, this is the 21st century!
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์•„, ์ƒ˜, ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ 21์„ธ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์š”์ฆ˜์€
06:23
Everyone uses GPS and mobile phone apps to find their way around these days.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ GPS์™€ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ ์•ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธธ์„ ์ฐพ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
True, but before mobile phones were invented,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์ด ๋ฐœ๋ช…๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š”
06:31
arriving at your destination wasn't so easy.
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๋ชฉ์ ์ง€์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์‰ฝ์ง€๋งŒ์€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
At sea, sailors used the stars and Sun to 'navigate' โ€”
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ ์„ ์›๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„ ๊ณผ ํƒœ์–‘์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 'ํ•ญํ•ด', ์ฆ‰
06:38
to work out which direction they wanted to travel.
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์–ด๋Š ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
And navigating on land was almost impossible without a 'compass' โ€”
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œก์ง€์—์„œ ํ•ญํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ถ์ชฝ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋„๋ก ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ์ž์นจ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ์ธ '๋‚˜์นจ๋ฐ˜' ์—†์ด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:46
an instrument for finding directions
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06:49
that uses a magnetic needle which moves to always point north.
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.
06:53
But, as we'll be hearing in this programme,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
06:56
navigation at sea is easy compared to finding your way in outer space.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ์˜ ํ•ญํ•ด๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ ์—์„œ ๊ธธ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
After all, what's up and what's down
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ๋ฌด์ค‘๋ ฅ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ
07:04
for astronauts who are floating in zero gravity?
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๋– ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ๊นŒ์š” ?
07:07
In space, is there a true north, like here on Earth?
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์šฐ์ฃผ์—๋„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ง„๋ถ์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:10
And how is everything complicated
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
07:12
by the fact that all the stars and planets are moving?
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณ„๊ณผ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์›€์ง์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณต์žกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
07:16
Some big questions there, Rob, but first I have a question of my own.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, Rob. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
You asked how astronauts know which way is up,
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์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ„์ชฝ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•„๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์œผ์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์šฐ์ฃผ์—
07:24
so who better to ask than the first person in space? But who was that?
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์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ž˜ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š” ? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜€๋‚˜์š”?
07:28
Was it a) Neil Armstrong?
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a) ๋‹ ์•”์ŠคํŠธ๋กฑ์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
07:31
b) Yuri Gagarin?
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b) ์œ ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฆฐ?
07:33
Or c) Valentina Tereshkova?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) Valentina Tereshkova?
07:36
Well, Neil Armstrong was the first man on the Moon,
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์Œ, ๋‹ ์•”์ŠคํŠธ๋กฑ(Neil Armstrong)์€ ๋‹ฌ์— ๋ฐœ์„ ๋””๋”˜ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
07:39
but I don't think he was the first person in space.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๊ฐ„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
So, I think it's b) Yuri Gagarin.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” b) ์œ ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฆฐ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
07:44
OK, I'll reveal the answer later in the programme.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
Now, let's get back to Rob's earlier question
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋ถ์ชฝ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ Rob์˜ ์ด์ „ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:51
about whether there's such a thing as north in space.
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.
07:54
And to answer that, it's first useful to know how north is found on Earth.
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์ด์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋จผ์ € ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ถ์ชฝ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์นจ๋ฐ˜์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ CrowdScience์˜ ๋ถ์ชฝ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š”
07:59
Listen as astrophysicist Ethan Siegel
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์ฒœ์ฒด๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž Ethan Siegel์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
08:02
as he explains why a compass always points north
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08:06
to BBC World Service programme CrowdScience.
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.
08:10
Because Earth behaves like it has a giant bar magnet in it,
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ ์ž์„์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
08:14
and your compass needle will point north towards Earth's magnetic pole.
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๋‚˜์นจ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ž๊ทน์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋ถ์ชฝ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
And we've arbitrarily defined north as, that's what we're going to say 'up' is,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ์ชฝ์„ ์ž„์˜๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ '์œ„์ชฝ'์ด ๋ถ๊ทน์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
like, the North Pole โ€” that's as 'up' as you can go.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ '์œ„์ชฝ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
Planet Earth is like a giant magnet.
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ํ–‰์„ฑ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
Because the needle of a compass is magnetised,
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๋‚˜์นจ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์€ ์žํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ๊ทน๊ณผ ๋‚จ๊ทน ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์˜ ์ง€์ ์ธ
08:35
it's attracted to the 'magnetic pole' โ€” the points near the North and South Poles
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'์ž๊ธฐ๊ทน'์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:40
where the Earth's magnetic field is concentrated.
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.
08:43
This explains how we find north,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ์ชฝ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…
08:45
but Ethan points out that the decision to call north 'up' and south 'down'
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Ethan์€ ๋ถ์ชฝ์„ '์œ„'๋กœ, ๋‚จ์ชฝ์„ '์•„๋ž˜'๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์€
08:50
is 'arbitrary' โ€” decided by random chance, not based on any particular reason.
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'์ž„์˜'์ด๋ฉฐ, ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ด์œ ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
When we look at a world map, we think of north as 'up',
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๋ถ์ชฝ์„ '์œ„'๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
the USA in the northern hemisphere is above Brazil, in the southern hemisphere.
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๋ถ๋ฐ˜๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ๋‚จ๋ฐ˜๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ์œ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
But from space, Earth can just as easily be seen the other way up,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ชฝ์—์„œ๋„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
with Australia, South Africa and South America at the top.
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ํ˜ธ์ฃผ, ๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด, ๋‚จ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋งจ ์œ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
Both views are equally true.
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฌํ•ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
Wow, that's a mind-blowing thought!
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์™€, ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋„ค์š”!
09:18
But even though we can argue which direction is up,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋Š ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์ด ์œ„์ชฝ์ธ์ง€ ๋…ผ์Ÿํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
09:21
it's still true that we can use a compass to navigate on Earth.
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๋‚˜์นจ๋ฐ˜์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:25
However, this simply isn't true in space.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. BBC World Service์˜ CrowdScience์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ
09:28
Here's astrophysicist Ethan Siegel again
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์ฒœ์ฒด๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž Ethan Siegel์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ
09:31
to tell BBC World Service's CrowdScience why.
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์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:35
The problem with navigating in space
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์šฐ์ฃผ ํ•ญํ•ด์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์€
09:37
is that the magnetic field flips irregularly every few hundred,
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์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ด‘๋…„
09:43
or few thousand light years.
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๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ด‘๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋’ค์ง‘ํžŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์€ํ•˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š”
09:45
There's no central object like the black hole at the centre of our galaxy โ€”
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๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์€
09:49
it doesn't dominate the whole galaxy,
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์€ํ•˜ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ 
09:52
it doesn't make a magnetic field that you can feel out here,
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09:55
25, 27,000 light years from the centre.
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์ค‘์‹ฌ์—์„œ 25, 27,000๊ด‘๋…„ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
So, magnetism is not a good guide to navigating in space.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž๊ธฐ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ข‹์€ ์ง€์นจ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
A 'light year' sounds like a measurement of time,
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'๊ด‘๋…„'์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ
10:08
but in fact it measures the distance that light travels in one year โ€”
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋น›์ด 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:14
which, given that light can travel seven and a half times around the Earth in one second,
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. ๋น›์ด 1์ดˆ์— ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ 7.5๋ฐ”ํ€ด ์ด๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด
10:20
is a very, very long way โ€” around six trillion miles, in fact.
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์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋จผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ ๊ธธ โ€” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•ฝ 6์กฐ ๋งˆ์ผ ์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
Well, the problem is that every few hundred light years,
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋งค ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ด‘๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค
10:29
the magnetic field 'flips' โ€” turns over or moves into a different position.
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์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์ด '๋’ค์ง‘์–ด์ง„๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋’ค์ง‘์–ด์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
So, a compass, which depends on magnetism, is no good for navigating in space.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž๊ธฐ๋ ฅ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜์นจ๋ฐ˜์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
So how do spacecraft know where they are, and which way to go?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์–ด๋Š ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
10:44
The answer is both simple and very clever โ€”
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์˜๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
they use specialised heat sensors to detect the position of the Sun
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ํŠน์ˆ˜ ์—ด ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹๊ฐ์ง€
10:52
and use that to guide their way.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธธ์„ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
So simple yet so ingenious!
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋…์ฐฝ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
10:57
I'm sure it would have impressed the first person in space, whoever they are.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“ ์ง€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊นŠ์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
Ah, yes, in my question I asked who the first person in space was.
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์•„, ๋„ค, ์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๊ฐ„ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
And I said it was b) Yuri Gagarin. I've got to be right, haven't I?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด b) ์œ ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฆฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๋ง์ด ๋งž์•„์•ผ ํ•ด, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
11:10
It was right, of course!
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋งž์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
11:12
Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first man in space in 1961,
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์†Œ๋ จ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์œ ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฆฐ์€ 1961๋…„์— ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
11:17
with Valentina Tereshkova following in his footsteps
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๋ฐœ๋ Œํ‹ฐ๋‚˜ ํ…Œ๋ ˆ์‹œ์ฝ”๋ฐ”๋„ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด
11:21
to become the first woman in space two years later.
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2๋…„ ํ›„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
OK, let's recap the vocabulary from this programme
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์ž, ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ
11:27
on how to 'navigate' โ€” or find your way โ€” in space.
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'ํƒ์ƒ‰'ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•( ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธธ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•)์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
On Earth you can use a 'compass' โ€”
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”
11:33
an instrument with a magnetic needle that moves to point north,
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๋ถ์ชฝ, ์ฆ‰ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ
11:37
that is towards to the 'magnetic pole' โ€”
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11:39
a point near the North or South Poles where Earth's magnetic field is strongest.
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๋ถ๊ทน ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚จ๊ทน ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์ง€์ ์ธ '์ž๊ทน'์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์นจ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ์ธ '๋‚˜์นจ๋ฐ˜'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:45
Saying that north is 'up' is 'arbitrary' โ€” done randomly,
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๋ถ์ชฝ์ด '์œ„'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ '์ž„์˜'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ,
11:49
not according to any particular reason or principle.
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋‚˜ ์›์น™์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
A 'light year' is a unit measuring the distance that light travels in one year โ€”
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'๊ด‘๋…„'์€ ๋น›์ด 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ(
11:57
around six trillion miles.
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์•ฝ 6์กฐ ๋งˆ์ผ)๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
And finally, to 'flip' means to turn over or move into a different position.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 'flip'์€ ๋’ค์ง‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ
12:04
Once again, our time is up.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋‹ค ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
โ€” Goodbye for now! โ€” Bye-bye!
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โ€” ์ด์ œ ์•ˆ๋…•! - ์•ˆ๋…•!
12:09
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
12:10
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
12:14
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Rob.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ด์—์š”.
12:16
And I'm Neil. Hello.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”. ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:18
Hello, Neil! Now, I watched that space movie last night โ€”
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์•ˆ๋…•, ๋‹! ์ž, ์ €๋Š” ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๊ทธ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:21
the one where those astronauts are stranded in space.
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๊ทธ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋ฐœ์ด ๋ฌถ์ธ ์žฅ๋ฉด์ด์ฃ .
12:24
Oh, yeah, I know the one.
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์•„, ์‘, ๋‚˜๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„.
12:25
Um, 'stranded', now that means 'stuck in a place with only a small chance of leaving'.
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์Œ, '์ขŒ์ดˆ'๋Š” ์ด์ œ ' ๋– ๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€ ์žˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
Gravity, that was the name, wasn't it? Is that the name of the film?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋น„ํ‹ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด์—ˆ์–ด, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€? ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ™” ์ด๋ฆ„์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
12:34
Yeah, that's the one, that's the one.
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์‘, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ์•ผ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
12:35
And, as we're talking about space,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
12:37
did you know that this year marks the 50th anniversary of the first ever spacewalk?
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์˜ฌํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์œ ์˜ 50์ฃผ๋…„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
12:43
On 18th March, 1965, Russian cosmonaut Alexei Leonov
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1965๋…„ 3์›” 18์ผ, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์•Œ๋ ‰์„ธ์ด ๋ ˆ์˜ค๋…ธํ”„๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ 500km ๋–จ์–ด์ง„
12:48
was the first man to drift free in space โ€” 500km from the surface of Earth.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ‘œ๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:54
And that's the subject of today's show.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‡ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
What on earth must he have felt like?
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๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
13:00
Very good. Er, yes, it would have felt 'like nothing on earth' โ€”
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๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€. ์–ด, ๋„ค, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
and that's to say: 'very strange indeed'.
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์ฆ‰, '์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
He was the first person to experience
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ ์•ž์— ํŽผ์ณ์ง„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ๋‹ค์ฑ„๋กœ์šด ์ง€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:08
the colourful geography of our planet stretched out before him.
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.
13:12
Oh, very poetic, Rob!
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์˜ค, ์ •๋ง ์‹œ์ ์ด๋„ค์š”, ๋กญ!
13:14
But how about answering today's quiz question?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ์— ๋‹ตํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š” ?
13:17
โ€” OK. โ€” How long did the first spacewalk last?
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- ์ข‹์•„์š”. โ€” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์œ ์˜์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
13:21
Was it a) 2 minutes? b) 12 minutes?
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a) 2๋ถ„ ์ •๋„์˜€๋‚˜์š”? b) 12๋ถ„?
13:25
Or c) 22 minutes?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) 22๋ถ„?
13:28
Hmm. All quite short, so I think I'll go for the one in the middle โ€” 12 minutes.
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ํ . ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฝค ์งง์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ธ 12๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
Well, we'll find out if you're right or wrong later on.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฅธ์ง€๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
Now, 'cosmonaut' literally means 'sailor of the universe'.
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์ด์ œ '์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ'๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ '์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์„ ์›'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
But Leonov's mission wasn't 'plain sailing' โ€”
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Leonov์˜ ์ž„๋ฌด๋Š” 'ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ํ•ญํ•ด'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
in other words, it wasn't easy or straightforward.
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์ฆ‰, ์‰ฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
That's right.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ด์ „์—๋Š”
13:49
No-one had ever gone out into space before โ€” it was unknown territory.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์˜์—ญ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
'Unknown territory' means 'a place or activity
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'๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์˜์—ญ'์ด๋ž€ '
13:57
that people do not know anything about or have not experienced before'.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๋‚˜ ํ™œ๋™'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
And, as it happens, there were big problems.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ต๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
When Leonov left the capsule, his spacesuit 'inflated' โ€” or swelled up โ€”
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๋ ˆ์˜ค๋…ธํ”„๊ฐ€ ์บก์Š์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™”์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ณต์€ ํ’์„ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ '๋ถ€ํ’€์–ด์˜ฌ๋ž๋‹ค'.
14:09
like a balloon, because the pressure inside the suit was greater than outside.
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์ฆ‰, ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ณต ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์••๋ ฅ์ด ์™ธ๋ถ€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ปธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
14:15
This made it impossible for Leonov to get back through the door of the spacecraft,
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด Leonov๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด
14:20
putting him in a life-threatening situation.
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์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋†“์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
Let's listen to Helen Sharman, the first Briton in space, talking about it.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๊ฐ„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์˜๊ตญ์ธ์ธ ํ—ฌ๋ Œ ์ƒค๋จผ(Helen Sharman)์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
So he decreases the pressure of his suit,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ŠˆํŠธ์˜ ์••๋ ฅ์„ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ ์ŠˆํŠธ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—์„œ
14:30
which means that it's a bit more able to move inside it,
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์–ผ๊ตด ์ฃผ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š”
14:34
but it means the amount of oxygen he's got around his face is now dangerously low,
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์‚ฐ์†Œ์˜ ์–‘์ด ์ด์ œ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์•„์„œ
14:38
so he can't cope with that for very long.
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์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .
14:40
So, if he's not able to get in quickly, he's going to die of oxygen starvation.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฐ์†Œ ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
But, of course, you know that one way or another, you've got to get back in,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
14:48
you're going to die if you don't,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์ฃฝ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
so he had the presence of mind to get on with all this,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ๋งˆ์Œ์˜ ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
14:52
got back in, swivelled himself round, managed to close the airlock,
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๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชธ์„ ๋Œ๋ ค ์—์–ด๋ก์„ ๋‹ซ์€
14:55
and then, when the pressure was equilibrated was finally able to,
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๋‹ค์Œ, ์••๋ ฅ์ด ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์ž ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์žˆ๋Š”
14:58
you know, hug his compatriot up there in space.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋™ํฌ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์•„์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:01
Now, if you 'can't cope with something',
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์ด์ œ 'can't ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ'์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
15:03
it means you are unable to deal successfully with a difficult situation.
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์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
And here the situation was having very little oxygen.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ณณ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์‚ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:12
But Leonov had the presence of mind to find a solution.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Leonov๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ์„ ๋งˆ์Œ์˜ ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:16
'Presence of mind' means 'being able to react quickly
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'๋งˆ์Œ์˜ ์กด์žฌ'๋Š” '
15:19
and stay calm in a difficult or dangerous situation'.
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์–ด๋ ต๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์นจ์ฐฉํ•จ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
And, 'if I was in Leonov's shoes' โ€” meaning 'if I was in his situation' โ€”
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ ˆ์˜ค๋…ธํ”„์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด'( '๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•จ)
15:27
I would have panicked big time!
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
15:29
Me too! And there was plenty more to panic about before the mission was over.
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์ €๋„์š”! ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
The spacecraft's automatic re-entry system failed,
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์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์˜ ์ž๋™ ์žฌ์ง„์ž… ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ๊ธฐ
15:38
so the cosmonauts had to fire the rockets 'manually' โ€”
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋กœ์ผ“์„ '์ˆ˜๋™์œผ๋กœ' ๋ฐœ์‚ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
15:41
meaning 'controlled by hand' โ€” which they'd never done before.
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'์†์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์–ด'ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ด์ „์—๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:45
And that's not all.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ „๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:46
Their capsule failed to 'detach' โ€” or 'separate' โ€”
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์บก์Š์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์˜ ์žฅ๋น„ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์—์„œ '๋ถ„๋ฆฌ'( ๋˜๋Š” '๋ถ„๋ฆฌ')์— ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ๊ณ 
15:49
from the spacecraft's equipment module,
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15:52
and this sent them tumbling through space towards Earth.
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์ถ”๋ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
Goodness me. But the capsule did finally detach
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๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์บก์Š์ด ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
15:58
and then you would think they'd have been home and dry, wouldn't you?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฑด์กฐํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:02
'Home and dry' means 'being close to achieving a goal'.
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'Home and dry'๋Š” '๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:05
Well, they certainly weren't dry.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๊ฑด์กฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
The capsule 'touched down' โ€” or landed โ€” hundreds of kilometres off course
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์บก์Š์€ ๋Š‘๋Œ€์™€ ๊ณฐ๋งŒ์ด ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™์€ ์‹œ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ํ•ญ๋กœ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ณณ์— '์ฐฉ๋ฅ™'ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:11
in freezing Siberia, populated only by wolves and bears.
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.
16:16
Leonov had sweated so much on the spacewalk
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๋ ˆ์˜ค๋…ธํ”„๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ ์œ ์˜ ์ค‘์— ๋•€์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ํ˜๋ ค
16:20
that his boots were filled with water up to his knees!
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๋ถ€์ธ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์— ์ฐผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
16:23
Both cosmonauts had to 'wring out' โ€” or twist and squeeze โ€”
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๋‘ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ๋ชจ๋‘
16:27
their clothes to avoid frostbite.
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๋™์ƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ท์„ ์งœ๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„ํ‹€๊ณ  ์งœ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
Mm. And 'off course', by the way, means 'not following the right route'.
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Mm. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ 'off Course'๋Š” '์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํ‹€ ํ›„
16:34
Those men must have been overjoyed
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16:37
when they were finally airlifted to safety two days later!
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊ณต์ˆ˜๋˜์–ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์†ก๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ๋ปํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค !
16:40
But what seems unfair to me is, we all know about the Apollo moon landing,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณตํ‰ํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์•„ํด๋กœ ๋‹ฌ ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ 
16:44
but how many of us know about the first spacewalk?
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์œ ์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:47
Yes, well, at least we do now, and of course our listeners do too!
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์˜ˆ, ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ ์–ด๋„ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ฒญ์ทจ์ž๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
16:51
OK, let's have the answer to the quiz question.
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์ž, ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:54
I asked how long did the first spacewalk last?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์œ ์˜์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:58
Was it a) 2 minutes? b) 12 minutes?
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a) 2๋ถ„ ์ •๋„์˜€๋‚˜์š”? b) 12๋ถ„?
17:02
Or c) 22 minutes?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) 22๋ถ„?
17:04
Yes, and I said a) 12 minutes.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” a) 12๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:06
And you were right, Rob, well done.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹  ๋ง์ด ๋งž์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, Rob. ์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
17:08
Excellent. Good, good!
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ. ์ข‹๋‹ค (์ข‹์•„์š”!
17:11
So, just 12 minutes, eh?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋”ฑ 12๋ถ„๋งŒ์š”, ์‘?
17:12
What an amazing short stroll that must have been, but a very historic one too.
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์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ž๋„๋ก ์งง์€ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์ด์—ˆ์Œ์— ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์ง€ ๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
Now, can we hear today's words again, please?
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋ง์”€์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š” ?
17:21
OK. We heard: stranded,
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์ขŒ์ดˆ๋จ,
17:25
like nothing on earth,
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์ง€์ƒ์— ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
17:28
plain sailing,
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ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ํ•ญํ•ด,
17:31
unknown territory,
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์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์˜ํ† ,
17:35
inflated,
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๋ถ€ํ’€๋ ค์ง,
17:38
can't cope with something,
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ,
17:42
presence of mind,
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๋งˆ์Œ์˜ ์กด์žฌ,
17:45
in Leonov's shoes,
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Leonov์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ, ์ˆ˜๋™์œผ๋กœ, ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ 
17:48
manually,
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17:50
detach,
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,
17:53
home and dry'
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์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ฑด์กฐ' ํ„ฐ์น˜๋‹ค์šด
17:55
touched down,
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,
17:58
wring out,
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์งœ๋‚ด๊ธฐ,
18:00
off course.
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์ฝ”์Šค์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚จ.
18:02
Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English.
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์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:04
We thought it was out of this world โ€” hope you thought so too!
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
18:07
Please join us again soon.
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๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
18:09
โ€” Bye-bye. โ€” Bye.
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- ์•ˆ๋…•. - ์•ˆ๋…•.
18:11
6 Minute English
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18:13
from BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
18:16
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
18:20
And I'm Georgina. Have you finished writing that report yet, Neil?
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์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜์˜ˆ์š”. ๊ทธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑ์€ ์•„์ง ๋๋ƒˆ๋‚˜์š”, Neil?
18:23
Er, not quite, it's almost done.
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์–ด, ์•„๋‹ˆ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ๋์–ด์š”.
18:26
Well, finish it this morning please,
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ๋๋‚ด์„ธ์š”.
18:28
then make sure you've planned all the studio sessions for the week
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค ์„ธ์…˜์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ„ํšํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ 
18:32
and show me so I can double-check, OK?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
18:35
Ah, OK.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜.
18:37
Has this ever happened to you? Being 'micromanaged' by someone?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์— ์˜ํ•ด '์„ธ๋ถ€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ'๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
18:41
That's what it's called when your boss wants to control everything,
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์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
18:44
down to the smallest detail.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ์„ธ๋ถ€์‚ฌํ•ญ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:46
And I notice you've written the report in font size 11
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
18:49
when I told you to use size 12!
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ธฐ 12๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ธ€๊ผด ํฌ๊ธฐ 11๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
18:52
If this keeps up I'm might 'go on strike'.
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์ด๋Œ€๋กœ๋ผ๋ฉด 'ํŒŒ์—…'์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
18:55
It wouldn't be the first time someone has refused to continue working
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18:58
because of an argument with their boss.
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์ƒ์‚ฌ์™€์˜ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ฒˆ์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
Hmm, maybe I'd better go easy on Neil.
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ํ , Neil์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
19:03
After all, I don't want a repeat of what happened
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ
19:05
on the American spaceship, Skylab โ€” the subject of this programme.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„  ์Šค์นด์ด๋žฉ(Skylab)์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:10
In 1973, three US astronauts on board the Skylab space station
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1973๋…„ ์Šค์นด์ด๋žฉ(Skylab) ์šฐ์ฃผ์ •๊ฑฐ์žฅ์— ํƒ‘์Šนํ•œ ์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋Š” ์Šค์นด์ด
19:15
had a disagreement with mission control over their workload
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19:18
in an incident that has, incorrectly, been called the Skylab space 'strike'.
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๋žฉ(Skylab) ์šฐ์ฃผ 'ํŒŒ์—…'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ž˜๋ชป ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์—…๋ฌด๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž„๋ฌด ํ†ต์ œ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:24
But before we find out more, let me ask you my quiz question โ€” if that's OK, boss?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”, ๋ณด์Šค?
19:30
Go ahead.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
19:31
Well, the Skylab astronauts
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์Šค์นด์ด๋žฉ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์— ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
19:33
felt they had been given too much work to complete during the space flight.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์ด ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:37
But how did they protest to their bosses at ground control?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์ƒ ํ†ต์ œ์†Œ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ญ์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
19:40
Did they a) pretend the radio had broken?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ a) ๋ผ๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚œ ์ฒ™ ํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
19:44
b) stop shaving and grow beards?
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b) ๋ฉด๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์—ผ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:47
Or c) fake the results of their experiments?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งœ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”?
19:50
I guess a) pretending the radio had broken, would show them who's boss โ€”
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a) ๋ผ๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚œ ์ฒ™ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์ธ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:55
although floating in space without radio contact sounds a bit dangerous to me!
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๋น„๋ก ๋ฌด์„  ํ†ต์‹  ์—†์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋– ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ!
20:00
OK, Georgina, we'll find out what really happened later.
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์ข‹์•„, ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์ž.
20:04
Now, Skylab was planned to be the fourth โ€” and final โ€”
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์ด์ œ ์Šค์นด์ด๋žฉ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ๊ถค๋„๋ฅผ ๋„๋Š” ๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ์ด์ž ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์œ ์ธ ๋น„ํ–‰์ด ๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:07
crewed flight to orbit the Earth.
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.
20:09
For scientists, it was the last chance to test out their theories in space
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ์˜ ์ด๋ก ์„ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ธฐํšŒ์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ
20:14
and the Skylab crew were asked to study everything about space travel,
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Skylab ์Šน๋ฌด์›์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์—ฌํ–‰์ด
20:18
from its effects on the human body to how spiders make webs.
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์ธ์ฒด์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฏธ์ค„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์—ฌํ–‰์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:22
Here's one of the Skylab astronauts, Ed Gibson, telling Lucy Burns,
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ Skylab ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ธ Ed Gibson์ด
20:26
presenter of BBC World Service programme Witness History
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ Witness History์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰์ž Lucy Burns์—๊ฒŒ
20:29
how they communicated with ground control.
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์ง€์ƒ ๊ด€์ œ์†Œ์™€ ํ†ต์‹ ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:32
We got our instructions over a teleprinter.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ…”๋ ˆํ”„๋ฆฐํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:35
One morning we had about 60 feet of teleprinter message
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์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ์•„์นจ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ž˜๋ผ๋‚ด๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์•ฝ 60ํ”ผํŠธ ๊ธธ์ด ์˜ ํ…”๋ ˆํ”„๋ฆฐํ„ฐ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:40
to cut up and divide up and understand before we even get to work.
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.
20:44
All space missions run to a tight schedule
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๋ชจ๋“  ์šฐ์ฃผ ์ž„๋ฌด๋Š”
20:47
all the way down to exercise times and meal breaks,
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์šด๋™ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ณผ ์‹์‚ฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋นก๋นกํ•œ ์ผ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์ง€๋งŒ
20:50
but the Skylab 4 astronauts felt their ground control team
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Skylab 4 ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์ƒ ํ†ต์ œํŒ€์ด
20:54
was being particularly bossy.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐ•์••์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:56
I don't know if any of you have ever had to work,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ผ๋„ ์ผ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์„ธ์„ธํ•œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ
20:59
do something under the conditions of micromanagement โ€”
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์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์—์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:02
it's bad enough for an hour, but try 24 hours a day.
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ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฃจ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
21:05
We're just not constructive that way,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์„ค์ ์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ ,
21:09
we're not getting things done the way we should,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
21:11
because we couldn't use our own judgment.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• 
21:14
With so many experiments to carry out and a limited time in space,
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์‹คํ—˜์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์ œํ•œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
21:17
the Skylab crew had a 'tight schedule' โ€” a small amount of time to finish a job.
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Skylab ์Šน๋ฌด์›์€ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๋นก๋นกํ•œ ์ผ์ •'์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:21
Bosses at ground control sent radio messages every morning,
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์ง€์ƒ ๊ด€์ œ์†Œ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ ๋ฌด์„  ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด ๊ทธ๋‚ ์˜
21:25
detailing exactly their duties for that day.
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์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
21:28
They sound like real micromanagers, Neil!
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์ง„์งœ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ € ๊ฐ™๊ตฐ์š”, Neil!
21:32
Absolutely! Or in other words, 'bossy' โ€” always telling people what to do!
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์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ! ์ฆ‰, '๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ' โ€” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์ง€์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
21:36
Astronaut Ed Gibson wanted to use his professional judgement
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์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์—๋“œ ๊น์Šจ(Ed Gibson)์€ '
21:40
to complete the work, not be bossed around by ground control '24 hours a day' โ€”
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„' ์ฆ‰
21:45
an expression meaning 'all day and night'.
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'๋‚ฎ๊ณผ ๋ฐค'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ ์ง€์ƒ ํ†ต์ œ๊ด€์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์  ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:48
When one of the astronauts got sick,
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์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์•„ํ”„๋ฉด
21:50
it was decided that they would take turns talking to ground control.
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์ง€์ƒ ๊ด€์ œ์†Œ์™€ ๊ต๋Œ€๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:54
But, one day, all three of them missed the daily radio meeting
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ์„ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ผ์ผ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
21:57
and some NASA bosses thought they'd gone on strike!
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์ผ๋ถ€ NASA ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํŒŒ์—…์— ๋Œ์ž…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
22:01
In the crisis talks that followed,
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์ด์–ด์ง„ ์œ„๊ธฐ ํšŒ๋‹ด์—์„œ
22:02
both crew and ground control agreed better ways of working and communicating โ€”
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์Šน๋ฌด์›๊ณผ ์ง€์ƒ ํ†ต์ œ๊ด€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ž‘์—… ๋ฐ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ๋ฐฉ์‹
22:07
and less micromanagement!
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๊ณผ ์„ธ์„ธํ•œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
22:09
But the newspapers had already got hold of the story
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋„ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
22:12
and to this day the incident is misremembered as 'the strike in space'.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ '์šฐ์ฃผ ํŒŒ์—…'์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜๋ชป ๊ธฐ์–ต๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
22:17
Here's Ed Gibson again, speaking to BBC World Service's Witness History
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ Ed Gibson์ด BBC World Service์˜ Witness History์—์„œ
22:21
on what he learned from the experience.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šด ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:25
We all conclude that we all learned something from it โ€”
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅ™์ด๋‚˜ ์žฌ์ง„์ž…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š”
22:27
micromanagement does not work,
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์„ธ์„ธํ•œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:29
except when you're in a situation that demands it like a lift-off or a re-entry
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22:35
and fortunately I think that's been passed on to the space station people
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๋‹คํ–‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์ •๊ฑฐ์žฅ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:40
and they learned that that's the way to go.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๊ธธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:44
In the end, NASA agreed that trusting people to do their jobs
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ NASA๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
22:48
was 'the way to go' โ€” the best method for doing a particular thing.
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'๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๊ธธ', ์ฆ‰ ํŠน์ • ์ผ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:52
I told you, Georgina โ€” no-one likes being bossed around!
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์ž–์•„, ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜ - ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„!
22:55
Including the Skylab astronauts!
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Skylab ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
22:58
But was my answer correct? About how they protested?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด ๋งž์•˜๋˜ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ญ์˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์š”?
23:01
Ah, yes, in my quiz question,
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์•„, ๋„ค, ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ
23:03
I asked how the Skylab astronauts protested to their bosses.
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์Šค์นด์ด๋žฉ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ญ์˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:07
What did you say?
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๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
23:08
I thought the astronauts a) pretended the radio had broken.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด a) ๋ผ๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚œ ์ฒ™ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:12
Ah, good guess, Georgina,
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์•„, ์ข‹์€ ์ถ”์ธก์ด๊ตฐ์š”, Georgina.
23:14
but actually the answer was b) they stopped shaving and grew beards.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ b) ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฉด๋„๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์—ผ์„ ํ‚ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:19
Unless that was just another experiment?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹คํ—˜์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด?
23:21
Let's recap the vocabulary, starting with 'micromanage' โ€”
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'๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ'๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:24
control everything, down to the smallest detail.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:27
If you're 'bossy', you're always telling people what to do.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด '์ง€๋ฐฐ์ '์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์ง€์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:30
But be careful, because your workers might 'go on strike' โ€” refuse to work.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง์›๋“ค์ด 'ํŒŒ์—…'์— ๋Œ์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ฆ‰, ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
23:35
The Skylab astronauts had 'a tight schedule' โ€”
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Skylab ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ '๋นก๋นกํ•œ ์ผ์ •'์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
23:37
a small amount of time to complete their jobs.
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์ž‘์—…์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:40
They felt their bosses were watching them 'twenty-four hours a day',
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 'ํ•˜๋ฃจ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„',
23:43
or all the time.
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์ฆ‰ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:44
But in the end, trusting people is 'the way to go' โ€”
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด '๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ', ์ฆ‰
23:47
the best method of doing something.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:49
That's all for now, but watch this space
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
23:51
for more trending topics and useful vocabulary, here at BBC 6 Minute English.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ BBC 6 Minute English์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
23:57
And if you like topical discussions
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์ฃผ์ œ๋ณ„ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ์ข‹์•„
23:58
and want to learn how to use the vocabulary found in headlines,
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
24:02
why not try our News Review podcast? Bye!
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News Review ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”? ์•ˆ๋…•!
24:06
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
24:08
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
24:12
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
24:15
And I'm Georgina.
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์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜์˜ˆ์š”.
24:17
In this programme, we're going to be talking about the astronaut
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ๋Š”
24:19
who piloted the command module
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24:21
to take Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin to walk on the Moon.
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๋‹ ์•”์ŠคํŠธ๋กฑ(Neil Armstrong)๊ณผ ๋ฒ„์ฆˆ ์˜ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฐ(Buzz Aldrin)์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ฌ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑท๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋ น์„ ์„ ์กฐ์ข…ํ•œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2021๋…„ 90์„ธ์˜ ๋‚˜์ด๋กœ
24:26
Michael Collins, who sadly passed away in 2021 at the age of 90,
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์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋– ๋‚œ ๋งˆ์ดํด ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์Šค๋Š”
24:30
has been described as 'the loneliest man in history'.
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'์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์™ธ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:33
Yes, while Armstrong delivered his famous quote
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์˜ˆ, ์•”์ŠคํŠธ๋กฑ์ด
24:36
when taking the first steps on the lunar surface, and Buzz followed soon after,
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๋‹ฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์ฒซ ๋ฐœ์„ ๋‚ด๋””๋”œ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ธ์šฉ๋ฌธ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฒ„์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ณง ๋’ค๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ž์ง€๋งŒ
24:40
Collins was left behind to circle the Moon,
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์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์Šค๋Š” ๋‹ฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๋Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋’ค์— ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ ธ
24:43
tasked with the huge responsibility of getting the three 'pioneers' โ€”
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์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ '์„ ๊ตฌ์ž', ์ฆ‰
24:47
the first people to do something โ€” back to Earth.
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง‰์ค‘ํ•œ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋งก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜์„ธ์š” โ€” ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
24:50
That's right. And many people over the years have wondered
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
24:52
whether he was disappointed not to have walked on the Moon.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ์— ๋ฐœ์„ ๋””๋””์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ค๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜,
24:56
How would you feel if you went all that way
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๊ทธ ๊ธธ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์„œ
24:58
and didn't stand on the Moon, Georgina?
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๋‹ฌ์— ์„œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–จ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‚˜์š”?
25:01
Me personally?
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๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ?
25:02
I'd probably be pretty devastated, but I think it depends on personality.
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์•„๋งˆ ๊ฝค ํ™ฉํํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:07
To be honest, I'd probably be too scared to go to the Moon anyway.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์–ด์ฐจํ”ผ ๋‹ฌ์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฌด์„œ์› ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
25:11
Yes, and just think about being in a space module together,
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์—
25:14
trapped for all those hours โ€” it could create quite the sense of 'camaraderie' โ€”
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๊ฐ‡ํ˜€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ์šฐ์ •๊ณผ ์‹ ๋ขฐ ๋ผ๋Š” '๋™์ง€์• '๋ผ๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:19
a friendship and trust formed by spending time together.
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.
25:22
Or you could drive each other crazy asking questions!
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์„œ๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค !
25:26
Which is what I'm going to do now, Georgina.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—์š”, ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜.
25:29
I know how much you love animals โ€”
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:31
and the first animal that went into space was a Russian dog in 1957,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋™๋ฌผ์€ 1957๋…„์˜ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๊ฐœ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:36
but what was that dog's name?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๊ฐœ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
25:38
A) Irina? B) Laika? Or c) Anastasia?
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๋‹ต) ์ด๋ฆฌ๋‚˜? B) ๋ผ์ด์นด? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์•„๋‚˜์Šคํƒ€์ƒค?
25:42
Well, I think I know this one โ€” b) Laika โ€” and I believe, sadly, she didn't survive.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š” โ€” b) ๋ผ์ด์นด โ€” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์Šฌํ”„๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:48
OK, Georgina, we'll find out if that's right at the end of the programme.
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์ข‹์•„, ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
25:52
But let's talk more about Michael Collins and that famous trip to the Moon
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์ดํด ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์Šค(Michael Collins) ์™€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„
25:55
that captured people's attention around the world.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ์—ฌํ–‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
25:58
Yes, I think one thing that has always interested me
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๋„ค, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
26:01
is the feeling of friendship, or as you said camaraderie,
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์šฐ์ •, ์ฆ‰ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ
26:04
that must have developed between those three explorers.
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์ด ์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ํƒํ—˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•œ ๋™์ง€์• ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:08
But, perhaps surprisingly, in an interview with the BBC programme Hard Talk,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ BBC ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ Hard Talk์™€์˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ์—์„œ
26:12
Collins said the close connection between the astronauts didn't develop until later.
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Collins๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ธด๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์—์•ผ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:19
We formed some very strong bonds,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์œ ๋Œ€๊ฐ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
26:22
but actually, not really during the flight of Apollo 11
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์•„ํด๋กœ 11ํ˜ธ์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์—๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
26:27
or even during the preparatory flight, of the flight.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋น„ํ–‰ ์ค€๋น„ ๋น„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์—๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
26:30
It was an around-the-world trip that we took after the flight
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๋น„ํ–‰ ํ›„
26:35
when I came to know Neil better.
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Neil์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ผ์ฃผ ์—ฌํ–‰์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:39
During our training, in the first place we had not been a backup crew,
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ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์›๋ž˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์Šน๋ฌด์›์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐฑ์—… ์Šน๋ฌด์›์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ
26:44
as most primary crews had been,
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26:48
so we just got to know each other in the six months before the flight,
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋น„ํ–‰ ์ „ 6๊ฐœ์›”์ด๋ผ๋Š”
26:53
which is a short period of time.
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์งง์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:57
So, it wasn't really until afterwards that they formed those strong 'bonds' โ€”
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ '์œ ๋Œ€', ์ฆ‰
27:01
the connections between them,
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๊ทธ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„
27:03
until on a trip round the world to talk about their experiences.
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์—์•ผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ผ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:06
Six months sounds like a long time,
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6๊ฐœ์›”์€ ๊ธด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ,
27:09
but I suppose when you're preparing to become famous and 'go down in history',
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์œ ๋ช…ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  '์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋‚จ์„' ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๊ต๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํ• 
27:13
as they did โ€” it doesn't leave much time for personal interactions.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:17
One of the sad things to take away is that everyone remembers Armstrong and Aldrin,
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์•„์‰ฌ์šด ์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์•”์ŠคํŠธ๋กฑ๊ณผ ์˜ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฐ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ต
27:22
but sometimes Collins is seen as the forgotten man.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žŠํ˜€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:25
Yes โ€” and he did say in the interview that he would have loved to walk on the Moon,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ์—์„œ ๋‹ฌ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:29
but he was very proud to be a part of the team,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
27:32
as he was one of the 'trailblazers' โ€” a similar word to 'pioneer.'
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๊ทธ๋Š” '์„ ๊ตฌ์ž'('์„ ๊ตฌ์ž'์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด) ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŒ€์˜ ์ผ์›์ด ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . '
27:36
They most certainly were trailblazers.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:38
But imagine how he must have felt โ€” circling around the Moon, all alone!
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์ž ๋‹ฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์„์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”!
27:43
Yes, a lot of people questioned Collins afterwards regarding the solitude,
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์˜ˆ, ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
27:47
about which he had this to say in the same interview with BBC programme Hard Talk.
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๊ทธ๋Š” BBC ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ Hard Talk์™€์˜ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ์—์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:53
Well, I, when I returned to Earth, I was amazed,
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค.
27:57
because most of the questions to me from the press centred on
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์–ธ๋ก ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์™ธ๋กœ์šด ์ €๋…์— ์™ธ๋กœ์šด ํ–‰์„ฑ ์ฃผ์œ„์˜ ์™ธ๋กœ์šด ๊ถค๋„
28:00
you were the loneliest man in the whole lonely orbit around the lonely planet
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์ „์ฒด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์™ธ๋กœ์šด ๋‚จ์ž์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค
28:05
on a lonely evening.
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.
28:06
And I felt, on the other hand, quite comfortable
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„ ์‚ฌ๋ น๋ถ€ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š”
28:10
in my happy little home inside the command module Columbia.
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๋‚˜์˜ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๊ฝค ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ๋‹ค .
28:15
I had been flying aeroplanes by myself for a number of years,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ข…ํ•ด ์™”๊ธฐ
28:20
so the fact I was aloft by myself was not anything new.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜ ํ˜ผ์ž ํ•˜๋Š˜ ์œ„๋กœ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:26
So, it sounds like he appreciated the peace and quiet
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ‰ํ™”๋กœ์›€๊ณผ ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์„ ๊ณ ๋ง™๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ 
28:29
and he felt used to it, having been alone on flights.
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ํ˜ผ์ž ๋น„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:33
Yes โ€” while people talk about the two who walked on the Moon,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ฌ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์€ ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ,
28:36
he must have experienced an incredible sense of peace
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๊ทธ๋Š”
28:39
while on the dark side of the Moon โ€” the first person ever to go there.
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๋‹ฌ์˜ ์–ด๋‘์šด ๋ฉด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋งŒํผ ํ‰ํ™”๋กœ์šด ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:44
But now, Georgina, let's get the answer to my question.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜, ๋‚ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ตฌํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
28:47
What was the name of the first animal, a dog, to go into space?
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์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๊ฐ„ ๋™๋ฌผ์ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
28:51
I said Laika.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ผ์ด์นด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
28:53
Which is correct, well done!
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”!
28:54
And you were right when you said that she sadly didn't survive the return to Earth.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์Šฌํ”„๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ง์€ ์˜ณ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:59
Well, speaking of dogs, I need to feed mine soon โ€”
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ฐœ ์–˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™€์„œ ๋ง์ธ๋ฐ, ๊ณง ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋จน์ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:01
so let's just recap some of the vocabulary we've discussed.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:05
Yes, we had 'camaraderie' โ€”
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” '๋™์ง€์• '๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:07
a sense of trust and friendship after spending a long time together,
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์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ํ›„์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์™€ ์šฐ์ •,
29:12
and the creation of strong 'bonds' or connections.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ•œ '์œ ๋Œ€' ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:15
And if you're the first person to do something,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ํ•ด๋‚ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
29:17
you could be called a 'pioneer'.
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'์„ ๊ตฌ์ž'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:19
Or even a 'trailblazer', which means the same thing.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ '์„ ๊ตฌ์ž'๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
29:22
And if you are the first person to do something,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
29:24
you could become famous and 'go down in history'.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  '์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋‚จ์„' ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:27
And finally we spoke about the 'solitude', or state of being alone,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฒช์—ˆ์„ '๊ณ ๋…', ์ฆ‰ ํ˜ผ์ž ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
29:31
that Collins must have experienced.
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.
29:34
Well, we're out of time for today.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์–ด. ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
29:36
We have plenty more 6 Minute English programmes to enjoy
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:41
โ€” Goodbye for now. โ€” Goodbye.
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์ด์ œ ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”. - ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
29:44
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
29:45
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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