Using the present to talk about the past: BBC English Masterclass

72,183 views ・ 2016-07-18

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:09
Hi Sian here for BBC Learning English . I have a great joke for you.
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš” μ‹œμ•ˆ BBC Learning English μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 쒋은 농담이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:14
So, a pony walks into a bar and whispers "Can I have a beer."
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‘°λž‘λ§μ΄ μˆ μ§‘μ— λ“€μ–΄μ™€μ„œ " λ§₯μ£Ό ν•œμž” 해도 λ κΉŒμš”?"라고 μ†μ‚­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
The barman replies, "Of course you can, but why are you whispering?"
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λ°”ν…λ”λŠ” "λ¬Όλ‘  ν•  수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ μ™œ μ†μ‚­μ΄λŠ” κ±°μ£ ? "라고 λŒ€λ‹΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:25
And the pony says "Because I'm a little hoarse." Get it? A pony is 'a little horse'!
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그리고 μ‘°λž‘λ§μ€ "λ‚΄κ°€ λͺ©μ΄ μ’€ 쉬기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—"라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•Œκ² μ–΄? μ‘°λž‘λ§μ€ 'μž‘μ€ 말'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€!
00:31
Ok, it's not the best joke, but did you notice what tense I used to tell the joke?
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, 졜고의 농담은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€λ§Œ μ œκ°€ 농담을 ν•  λ•Œ μ–΄λ–€ μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„μ±„μ…¨λ‚˜μš”?
00:38
I used the present not the past. We often use the present to talk about the past, so
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λ‚˜λŠ” κ³Όκ±°κ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ ν˜„μž¬λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ’…μ’… 과거에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν˜„μž¬λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ 이λ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λŠ”
00:45
I'm going to share with you a few ways that we do this.
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λͺ‡ 가지 방법을 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ³Ό κ³΅μœ ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:52
Last year I was swimming off the coast of New Zealand, when suddenly I see a shark
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μž‘λ…„μ— λ‚˜λŠ” λ‰΄μ§ˆλžœλ“œ ν•΄μ•ˆμ—μ„œ μˆ˜μ˜μ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ° κ°‘μžκΈ°
00:58
coming up behind me. Everyone starts screaming. I swim as fast as I can. It was very scary!
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λ‚΄ λ’€μ—μ„œ 상어가 λ‹€κ°€μ˜€λŠ” 것을 λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ¨λ‘ λΉ„λͺ…을 지λ₯΄κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν•œ 빨리 μˆ˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은 맀우 λ¬΄μ„œμ› λ‹€!
01:06
Did you notice? I started the story in the past, and then when I got to the exciting
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λˆˆμΉ˜μ±„μ…¨λ‚˜μš”? λ‚˜λŠ” κ³Όκ±°μ—μ„œ 이야기λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆλ‹€ κ°€ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ ν₯미둜운 뢀뢄에 λ„λ‹¬ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
01:12
part of the story, I switched to the present. We do this to make the exciting part of the
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ν˜„μž¬λ‘œ μ „ν™˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ²­μ·¨μžμ—κ²Œ 이야기 의 ν₯λ―Έμ§„μ§„ν•œ 뢀뢄을 λ”μš± 극적으둜 λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:18
story more dramatic for the listener.
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.
01:23
I actually made it into the newspapers after that scary experience. Here is the headline:
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λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έ λ¬΄μ„œμš΄ κ²½ν—˜ 후에 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 신문에 그것을 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 제λͺ©μ€ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 겁에
01:30
Terrified swimmer is chased out of sea.
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질린 μˆ˜μ˜μžκ°€ λ°”λ‹€μ—μ„œ μ«“κ²¨λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
So, newspaper journalists often use the present simple 'is chased' rather than the past 'was chased'.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‹ λ¬Έ κΈ°μžλ“€μ€ 과거의 'μΆ”κ²©λ‹Ήν–ˆλ‹€'보닀 ν˜„μž¬μ˜ λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 'μ«“κΈ°λ‹€'λ₯Ό 자주 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
They do this to make the story more fresh and immediate and dramatic.
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그듀은 이야기λ₯Ό 더 μ‹ μ„ ν•˜κ³  즉각적이고 극적으둜 λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
I hear you're getting married!
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κ²°ν˜Όν•˜μ‹ λ‹€λŠ” μ†Œμ‹μ„ λ“£κ³ !
01:52
Did you notice, I used the present form of 'hear' rather than the past? We do this because
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λ‚΄κ°€ κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ΄ μ•„λ‹Œ 'hear'의 ν˜„μž¬ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•œ 것을 λˆˆμΉ˜μ±„μ…¨λ‚˜μš”? μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
01:57
we want to put more emphasis on what I heard, rather than the fact that I heard it.
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λ‚΄κ°€ λ“€μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 사싀보닀 λ‚΄κ°€ 듀은 것을 더 κ°•μ‘°ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:03
We also do it with verbs like, say, tell and gather. For example,
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λ˜ν•œ say, tell 및 gather와 같은 동사와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄,
02:08
She says she's leaving the country!
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ·Έλ…€κ°€ λ‚˜λΌλ₯Ό λ– λ‚œλ‹€!
02:14
I've got a joke. A pony walks into a bar and...
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농담이 μžˆμ–΄μš”. μ‘°λž‘λ§μ΄ μˆ μ§‘μ— λ“€μ–΄μ™€μ„œ...
02:19
Don't worry, I'm not going to tell the joke again!
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κ±±μ •ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ„Έμš”. λ‹€μ‹œλŠ” 그런 농담을 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
02:22
But we use the present simple when telling jokes to make the joke more exciting
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 농담을 ν•  λ•Œ λ“£λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ 농담을 더 ν₯미진진
02:28
and more immediate for the listener.
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ν•˜κ³  더 μ¦‰κ°μ μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ‹¨μˆœ ν˜„μž¬λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
For more information about using the present
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ν˜„μž¬λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬
02:33
to talk about the past and to practise this, go to our website: bbclearningenglish.com.
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과거에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  이λ₯Ό μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜λŠ” 방법에 λŒ€ν•œ μžμ„Έν•œ λ‚΄μš©μ€ μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ bbclearningenglish.com을 μ°Έμ‘°ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
02:40
And I'm not joking!
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그리고 λ‚˜λŠ” 농담이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€!
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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