Why do we feel awkward? 6 Minute English

293,753 views ใƒป 2019-04-04

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:07
Neil: Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Neil.
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Neil: ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:09
Dan: And I'm Dan.
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๋Œ„: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋Œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
Neil: Now then, Dan, do you ever feel awkward?
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๋‹: ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋Œ„, ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•œ ์ ์€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:14
Dan: Awkward?
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๋Œ„: ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•ด?
00:15
Neil: Yes, feeling uncomfortable, embarrassed or
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Neil: ์˜ˆ,
00:18
self-conscious in a social situation
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00:20
where something isnโ€™t quite right.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฐฝํ”ผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž์˜์‹์„ ๋А๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
Dan: Sometimes.
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๋Œ„: ๊ฐ€๋”. ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋ธŒ์‹ ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๊ณผ
00:24
I remember always feeling very awkward watching TV
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TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:27
with my parents
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00:28
if there was an explicit love scene.
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.
00:31
You know,
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00:31
people canoodling.
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ canoodling.
00:33
Neil: Oh yes, me too! And that feeling of awkwardness
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๋‹: ์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‚˜๋„! ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•จ์˜ ๋А๋‚Œ์ด
00:36
is what we are looking at in today's
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
00:38
6 Minute English,
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,
00:39
and how it is all connected to social rules.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
Dan: 'Social rules' are the unspoken rules
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Dan: '์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™'์€
00:44
which we follow in everyday life
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ƒ ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
- the way we interact with other people
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ,
00:48
and particularly with strangers.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋‚ฏ์„  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Neil: Yes. For example, if youโ€™re waiting at a
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๋‹: ๋„ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฒ„์Šค ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:52
bus stop, itโ€™s OK to talk about the weather to a stranger.
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๋‚ฏ์„  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ ์”จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Dan: But it would be very awkward if you broke
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๋Œ„: ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:58
that social rule by asking them about,
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
01:00
oh I don't know, how much money they earned.
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๋ˆ์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ฒŒ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์•„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”.
01:03
Neil: Oh yes, that would be wrong, wouldn't it?
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Neil: ์˜ค ์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
01:05
And weโ€™ll find out about another awkward situation
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋’ท๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์ง€ํ•˜ ์ฒ ๋„์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:08
on the underground railway later in the programme.
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.
01:11
Before that though, a quiz.
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๊ทธ ์ „์— ํ€ด์ฆˆ. ๊ฐ€์žฅ
01:12
Which city has the oldest underground railway?
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์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋Š”?
01:17
Is it: a) London
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a) ๋Ÿฐ๋˜
01:18
b) New York or
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b) ๋‰ด์š• ๋˜๋Š”
01:20
c) Tokyo
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c) ๋„์ฟ„
01:21
Dan: Aha! Well, Iโ€™m pretty confident about this!
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๋‹จ: ์•„ํ•˜! ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฝค ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
01:24
I think itโ€™s London.
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
Neil: Well, Iโ€™ll have the answer later in the programme.
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Neil: ์Œ, ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
Dr Raj Persuad is a psychologist.
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Dr Raj Persuad๋Š” โ€‹โ€‹์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
He was a guest on the BBC radio programme Seriously.
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๊ทธ๋Š” BBC ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ Seriously์˜ ๊ฒŒ์ŠคํŠธ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
He was talking about social rules.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
How does he say they affect our lives?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:40
Dr Raj Persaud: How do we understand what the implicit
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Raj Persaud ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ:
01:43
social rules are that govern our behaviour?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์•”๋ฌต์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:46
They're so implicit.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์•”๋ฌต์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
They're so almost invisible - yet we all obey them
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ์ˆœ์ข…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:52
- i.e. they're massively powerful
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. ์ฆ‰ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ด์„œ
01:54
that the only way to get at them,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
because you couldn't use an MRI brain scanner
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MRI ๋‡Œ ์Šค์บ๋„ˆ๋‚˜ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:58
or a microscopeโ€ฆ
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โ€ฆ
01:59
What's the tool you would use to illuminate
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02:02
the social rules that actually govern our lives?
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™?
02:05
Neil: How do they affect our lives?
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Neil: ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:07
Dan: He says that they govern our behaviour,
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Dan: ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ 
02:10
they govern our lives
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
โ€“ this means that they 'control' our lives.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ 'ํ†ต์ œ'ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
They 'rule' our lives.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ '์ง€๋ฐฐ'ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
Neil: Whatโ€™s interesting is he says
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Neil: ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€
02:17
these social rules are 'implicit'.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™์ด '์•”๋ฌต์ '์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
They are not written down anywhere. They are unspoken
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋””์—๋„ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ
02:23
but understood.
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
Dan: If they are unspoken and not written down,
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๋Œ„: ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ์ด๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด,
02:27
how can scientists and sociologists study them?
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๊ณผํ•™์ž์™€ ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:30
How can they find out about them?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:32
They need a way to illuminate the rules.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋ฐํž ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
This means 'a way of shining a metaphorical light
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ '๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์€์œ ์ ์ธ ๋น›์„ ๋น„์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:38
on them to see what they are'.
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.
02:40
Neil: Hereโ€™s Dr Persaud again.
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Neil: Persaud ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
Dr Raj Persaud: How do we understand what the implicit
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Raj Persaud ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ:
02:45
social rules are that govern our behaviour?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์•”๋ฌต์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:48
They're so implicit.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์•”๋ฌต์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
They're so almost invisible - yet we all obey them
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋ณต์ข…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
i.e. they're massively powerful
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์ฆ‰,
02:56
that the only way to get at them, because
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02:58
you couldn't use an MRI brain scanner or a microscopeโ€ฆ
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MRI ๋‡Œ ์Šค์บ๋„ˆ๋‚˜ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์–ป์„
03:01
What's the tool you would use to illuminate
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹คโ€ฆ
03:04
the social rules that actually govern our lives?
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™?
03:06
Neil: One way to find out about a rule is to break it.
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Neil: ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์–ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
Another word for 'break' when we're talking about rules
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๊ทœ์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ 'ํŒŒ๊ดด'์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”
03:13
is 'breach' and breaching experiments
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'์œ„๋ฐ˜'์ด๋ฉฐ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ ์‹คํ—˜์€
03:15
were used to learn about social rules.
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์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
Here's Dr Persaud describing one of those experiments.
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Persaud ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์‹คํ—˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํผ
03:22
Dr Persaud: You breached the social rule on purpose.
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์‚ฌ์šฐ๋“œ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ: ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์–ด๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
So a classic one - people would go into the Metro,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณ ์ „์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ - ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ,
03:28
the underground railway โ€“ Tube โ€“
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์ง€ํ•˜ ์ฒ ๋„ - ํŠœ๋ธŒ -์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
03:29
and there'd be only one person sitting in a carriage.
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๋งˆ์ฐจ์—๋Š” ๋‹จ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งŒ ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
You would go and sit next to that person.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์˜†์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ์•‰์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
And if that led to awkwardness or discomfort,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ
03:36
where the person got off the tube stop immediately,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์—์„œ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•จ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:38
you had discovered a social rule.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
Neil: So, what was the experiment?
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Neil: ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์‹คํ—˜์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
03:43
Dan: Well, quite simply,
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Dan: ์Œ, ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ,
03:45
find a nearly empty train carriage
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋น„์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๊ฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์€
03:47
and then go and sit right next to someone
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๋‹ค์Œ, ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜†์— ์•‰์œผ์„ธ์š”
03:50
rather than a distance away.
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.
03:52
If that person then feels uncomfortable or awkward,
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•จ์„ ๋А๋‚€๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:55
and that's something you can tell by watching
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03:57
their behaviour โ€“ for example,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
03:58
do they change seat, move carriage
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์ขŒ์„์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ
04:00
or get off the train completely?
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๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ์—์„œ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‚ด๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:02
If they do, then you know youโ€™ve discovered a rule.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Neil: So you find a rule by breaking it or breaching it.
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Neil: ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์–ด๊ธฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๊ธฐ๋ฉด ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
OK, time to review our vocabulary, but
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์ง€๋งŒ
04:12
first, letโ€™s have the answer to the quiz question.
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๋จผ์ € ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:15
I asked which city has the oldest underground railway.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋А ๋„์‹œ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
Is it: a) London
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a)๋Ÿฐ๋˜
04:20
b) New York and
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b)๋‰ด์š•
04:21
c) Tokyo
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c)๋„์ฟ„
04:23
Dan, you were pretty confident.
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๋‹จ, ๊ฝค ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ๋งŒํ–ˆ์ง€.
04:24
Dan: I was! I said London, but...
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๋Œ„: ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์š”! ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ...
04:27
now I'm having second thoughts.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
I think it might be New York.
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๋‰ด์š•์ด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
Neil: Ohโ€ฆ
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Neil: ์•„โ€ฆ
04:31
That's a little bit awkward, isn't it?
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ข€ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ตฐ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
04:33
Well, it is London, so I don't know
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
04:35
if you're right or wrong!
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฅธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
04:37
I feel a bit uncomfortable now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ข€ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ด์š”.
04:39
The facts are that London opened in 1863.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์€ 1863๋…„์— ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
New York was 1904 and Tokyo, 1927.
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๋‰ด์š•์€ 1904๋…„, ๋„์ฟ„๋Š” 1927๋…„์— ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
Well done, and extra bonus points
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์ž˜ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
if you knew any of those dates.
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๊ทธ ๋‚ ์งœ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
Now it's time for our vocabulary.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
I hope it doesnโ€™t make you feel awkward,
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์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:55
but you can you start, Dan?
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด๋„ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”, ๋Œ„?
04:56
Dan: Of course!
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๋Œ„: ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ !
04:57
And the adjective 'awkward',
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ '์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•จ'
04:58
and its noun 'awkwardness',
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๊ณผ ๋ช…์‚ฌ '์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•จ'์ด
05:00
are on our list for today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
They mean
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€
05:03
'an uncomfortable feeling in a social situation'.
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'์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ๋А๋‚Œ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
Neil: This is all connected with the idea of social rules
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Neil: ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์น™์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
โ€“ unspoken, but well known rules which we
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๋ฌด์–ธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
05:12
follow in daily life to avoid awkward situations.
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์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ์ƒ ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
Dan: The rules, as Neil said, are not spoken
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Dan: Neil์ด ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋ง๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
05:18
and they are not written down
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๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
05:20
but we know them and understand them.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
They are 'implicit'.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ '์•”๋ฌต์ '์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
Neil: And these implicit rules govern our lives.
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Neil: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์•”๋ฌต์ ์ธ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
The verb 'govern' means to 'control and rule'.
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ํ†ต์น˜ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋‹ค', '์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
Dan: To see something clearly, either in reality
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Dan: ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ์€์œ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด
05:32
or metaphorically,
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05:33
you need to put some light on it. You need illuminate it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋น›์„ ๋น„์ถœ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ๋ช…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
And that was the next of our words, the verb 'illuminate'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ '์กฐ๋ช…ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Neil: And finally we had a word which means,
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Neil: ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
05:43
when we're talking about rules,
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๊ทœ์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
05:45
the same as break, to 'breach'.
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break์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ 'breach'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
Dan: In experiments they breached the rules to
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Dan: ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
05:49
learn more about them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
Neil: Well, we donโ€™t want to breach any rules
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Neil: ์Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™๋„ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ
05:53
so itโ€™s time for us to leave you for today.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋– ๋‚  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
But donโ€™t worry we will be back.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:57
In the meantime, you can find us in all the usual places
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๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ๊ณผ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ
05:59
online and on social media,
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06:01
just look for BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
Bye for now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
06:04
Dan: Bye-bye!
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๋Œ„: ๋ฐ”์ด๋ฐ”์ด!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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