A vaccine for cancer โฒ๏ธ 6 Minute English

10,307 views ใƒป 2025-02-27

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:07
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ BBC Learning English์˜ 6 Minute English์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
I'm Neil. And I'm Beth. In our lifetime,
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๋ฒ ์Šค์˜ˆ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
00:14
one in five people will be affected by cancer, a disease
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5๋ช… ์ค‘ 1๋ช…์€ ์•”์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•”์€
00:18
where cells grow uncontrollably and cause tumours in the body.
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์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์ œ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ ์ฒด์— ์ข…์–‘์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
Tumours can be benign, meaning not cancerous, or malignant,
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์ข…์–‘์€ ์–‘์„ฑ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ( ์ฆ‰, ์•”์ด ์•„๋‹˜) ์•…์„ฑ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(
00:27
meaning cancerous.
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์ฆ‰, ์•”์ด ๋จ).
00:29
And in 2022 there were an estimated 9.7 million deaths
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2022๋…„์—๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•…์„ฑ ์•”์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ง์ž๊ฐ€ 970๋งŒ ๋ช…์— ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์‚ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:34
from malignant cancers worldwide.
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.
00:37
But in this programme, we'll be focusing on some good news instead.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถฐ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
Vaccines are medicine which protect the human body
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๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€
00:44
by making it immune from a certain disease.
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ํŠน์ • ์งˆ๋ณ‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉด์—ญ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ธ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
Now there's been a sudden and important discovery,
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์ด์ œ mRNA๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฑ์‹  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ, ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ
00:49
a breakthrough, in the development of a new vaccine called mRNA.
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์ง„์ „์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:54
So could a vaccine for cancer soon become a reality?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•” ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ๊ณง ํ˜„์‹ค์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
00:58
That's what we'll be finding out, as well as learning
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด๊ณ ,
01:01
some useful new words and phrases.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
And remember, if you like listening to 6 Minute English,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , 6 Minute English๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๋™์‹œ์—
01:07
and want to read along at the same time,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ,
01:10
you can find a transcript for the programme
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01:12
on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.
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์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ bbclearningenglish.com์—์„œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋Œ€๋ณธ์„ ์ฐพ์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
Now, I have a question for you, Beth.
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์ด์ œ, ๋ฒ ์Šค ์”จ, ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:18
We've mentioned some of the most recent vaccines,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ตœ์‹  ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
01:21
but which disease did the first successful vaccine treat?
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:25
Was it a. flu, b. polio or c. smallpox?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ a์˜€๋‚˜์š”? ๋…๊ฐ, b. ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„ ๋˜๋Š” c. ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘?
01:30
I'm going to say polio.
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์ €๋Š” ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
OK. Well we'll find out the correct answer at the end of the programme.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ์ •๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
01:36
You might wonder why
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์™œ
01:37
the body's immune system doesn't fight cancer automatically.
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์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์•”๊ณผ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋„ค์‹œ ์ข…์–‘ํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ
01:41
The reason is that cancer has clever ways
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01:44
of hiding from our natural defences,
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01:46
as Dr Meredith McKean, director of research at Tennessee Oncology,
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์ฑ…์ž„์ž์ธ ๋ฉ”๋Ÿฌ๋””์Šค ๋งฅํ‚จ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
01:50
explained to BBC World Service programme, The Inquiry.
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BBC ์›”๋“œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ The Inquiry์—์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ์•”์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ž์—ฐ์  ๋ฐฉ์–ด๋ ฅ์„ ํ”ผํ•ด ์ˆจ๋Š” ์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•”์„ธํฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—
01:54
There's been a number of studies that have demonstrated
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01:57
the different techniques that the cancer has developed
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02:01
to be able to put up signals or proteins essentially
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์‹ ํ˜ธ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋†“์•„
02:05
on the surface of the cancer cells, to tell the immune system 'Go away!
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๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„์— '๊บผ์ ธ!'๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” โ€‹โ€‹๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
There's nothing here to look at!'
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—” ๋ณผ ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ์—†์–ด!'
02:12
and so it's actually been hijacking these receptors
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋‚ฉ์น˜ํ•ด์„œ
02:16
to essentially tell the immune system to kind of take the brakes off,
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๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„์— ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐŸ์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ์•”๊ณผ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ
02:20
and be more aggressive in fighting cancer.
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๋” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:22
That's really allowed a breakthrough with immune therapy
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๊ทธ ๋•๋ถ„์—
02:26
over the past decade.
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์ง€๋‚œ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ง„์ „์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
Dr McKean says
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๋งฅํ‚จ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š”
02:29
that a number of studies have demonstrated how cancer spreads.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•”์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ „์ด๋˜๋Š”์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
She uses the phrase 'a number of' to mean several,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” '์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ'๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:37
but it also makes her statement more convincing because,
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02:40
of course, several studies are better than just one.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ซ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋” ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
Cancer cells switch off the immune system
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์•”์„ธํฌ๋Š”
02:47
by pretending to be healthy cells.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์„ธํฌ์ธ ์ฒ™ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฌด๋ ฅํ™”์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
It's like they're saying 'nothing to see here',
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'์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ณผ ๊ฒŒ ์—†์–ด'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
02:52
an informal phrase which can be used to encourage people to move
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
02:55
or look away from something, either in a playful way or to cover something up.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ, ๋˜๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
For example, a police officer at a crime scene might say 'nothing to see here',
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ˜„์žฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์˜ฎ๊ธธ ๋•Œ '๋ณผ ๊ฒŒ ์—†์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:05
to move people on.
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.
03:06
So, in other words, cancer hijacks healthy cells.
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์ฆ‰, ์•”์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ฉ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
It takes control of something which doesn't belong to it
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋นผ์•—์•„
03:14
and uses it for its own advantage.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
So, how would a vaccine change things?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ๊นŒ์š”?
03:19
Well, existing treatments
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ํ™”ํ•™์š”๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์€
03:20
like chemotherapy aggressively target the cancer,
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์•”์„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ์ง€๋งŒ,
03:24
but also attack healthy tissue, creating unpleasant side effects.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์กฐ์ง๋„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด,
03:28
New breakthrough vaccines,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€
03:30
on the other hand, retrain the immune system to recognise cancer cells
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๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์•”์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹
03:34
and eliminate those, and only those, naturally,
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋„๋ก ์žฌ๊ต์œกํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋ฏธ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์•”์„ธํฌ๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:37
even in patients with the disease already.
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. ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์•ค๋”์Šจ ์•” ์„ผํ„ฐ
03:41
Here's Professor Eduardo Sanchez of the Anderson Cancer Center in Texas,
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์˜ ์—๋‘์•„๋ฅด๋„ ์‚ฐ์ฒด์Šค ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
03:45
explaining more to BBC World Service's, The Inquiry.
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BBC ์›”๋“œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ The Inquiry์—์„œ ๋” ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
Basically, the cancer cells are telling the immune system, 'Don't attack me,
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•”์„ธํฌ๋Š” ๋ฉด์—ญ์ฒด๊ณ„์— '๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ,
03:54
don't eat me', right?
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๋จน์ง€ ๋งˆ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
03:56
The immune system has forgotten how to go about recognising those cancer cells,
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๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ์•”์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๊ณ  ,
04:04
becoming blind to recognise those aberrations that cancer cells generate,
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์•”์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์ƒ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
and what we want to do with vaccines is to re-educate the immune system.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์žฌ๊ต์œกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
In cancer patients, the immune system is blind to cancerous growths.
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์•” ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ์•”์„ฑ ์ข…์–‘์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ
04:21
It completely fails to notice them or be aware of their danger,
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ „ํ˜€ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ธฐ
04:25
so the vaccine re-educates the immune system,
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์žฌ๊ต์œก
04:28
or teaches it to behave, in a different way.
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ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
To recap, some cancer treatments work by unblocking our blocked natural defences,
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์š”์•ฝํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์ผ๋ถ€ ์•” ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ง‰ํžŒ ์ž์—ฐ์  ๋ฐฉ์–ด ๊ธฐ์ „์„ ํ’€์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
04:37
whereas vaccines retrain the immune system to find
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์žฌ๊ต์œกํ•ด
04:40
and attack cancer cells naturally.
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์•”์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์•„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
Because these two approaches are quite different,
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋ฏ€๋กœ
04:45
they can be used together and individually.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
So to answer my original question, Neil, a vaccine for cancer
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ๋ž˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ๋‹ ์”จ, ์•” ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด
04:52
might not be too far away.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ๋ฉ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
But how about your question?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”? ์ด์ œ
04:56
Isn't it time you revealed the answer?
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๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
04:58
I asked which disease was first successfully treated by a vaccine?
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
And I said polio.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:03
Was I right? You were wrong,
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๋‚ด ๋ง์ด ์˜ณ์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
05:05
I'm afraid. The correct option was C, which is smallpox.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ‹€๋ ธ์–ด์š”. ์ •๋‹ต์€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” C์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned in this programme,
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €
05:13
starting with 'breakthrough', a sudden, dramatic and important discovery.
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'๋ŒํŒŒ๊ตฌ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? '๋ŒํŒŒ๊ตฌ'๋Š” ๊ฐ‘์ž‘ ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๊ทน์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
'A number of' something means several or many
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'์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ'๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ
05:21
and can add credibility to what you say.
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ์‹ ๋น™์„ฑ์„ ๋”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
The phrase 'nothing to see here' is used to discourage people
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'์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ณผ ๊ฒŒ ์—†์–ด'๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์—
05:27
from paying attention or looking too closely at something,
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์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ
05:30
or to move them away.
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์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
If you 'hijack' something, you use something that doesn't belong to you
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ 'ํ•˜์ด์žฌํ‚น'ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ์„
05:36
for your own benefit.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
Being 'blind to' something means failing to notice it
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด '๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชป
05:41
or recognise it as a threat.
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ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ„ํ˜‘์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
And finally, to 're-educate' means to teach somebody to think
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, '์žฌ๊ต์œก'์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ
05:47
or behave in a new or different way.
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์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ
05:50
Once again, our six minutes are up, but if you're hungry for more,
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, 6๋ถ„์ด ๋๋‚ฌ์ง€ ๋งŒ, ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:54
head over to our website, bbclearningenglish.com,
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์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ bbclearningenglish.com์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:57
where you can find a worksheet for this programme and it has a quiz in it.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์›Œํฌ์‹œํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
Good luck and we'll see you again soon.
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ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋นŒ๊ณ  ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
06:04
Bye for now. Goodbye!
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์•ˆ๋…•. ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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