BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Modern life' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocab!

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2024-12-08 ใƒป BBC Learning English


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BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Modern life' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocab!

86,052 views ใƒป 2024-12-08

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:06
Hello, this is 6-Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
00:10
And I'm Rob.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ด์—์š”.
00:11
As well as bringing the world to a halt, the coronavirus epidemic has led to anย ย 
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ์ •์ง€๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
00:15
increase in misinformation, lies, and conspiracyย theories on the internet.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ •๋ณด, ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง, ์Œ๋ชจ๋ก ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
In an era of fake news,ย ย 
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00:23
where even the President of the United Statesย is accused of spreading misinformation,ย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๋งˆ์ €๋„ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ ํฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋น„๋‚œ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฐ€์งœ๋‰ด์Šค ์‹œ๋Œ€,
00:27
could it be that we are living throughย  a crisis in trust? What is trust,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ? ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ฉฐ,
00:32
and who should we place our trust in? These areย some of the questions we'll be discussing in thisย programme.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
And, we'll be hearing from a philosopher whoย believes the problem is not about trust itself,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐ ์ž์ฒด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
00:43
but about trustworthinessโ€”the ability to beย trusted as being honest and reliable.
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์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„, ์ฆ‰ ์ •์งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ์ฒ ํ•™์ž์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
And, as always, we'll be learning someย  related vocabulary along the way.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ, ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ด€๋ จ ์–ดํœ˜๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
Of course, telling lies and lackingย  trustworthiness is nothing new. Just thinkย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
of the Trojan Horse used to trick the ancientย Greeks.
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ธ๋“ค์„ ์†์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ํŠธ๋กœ์ด ๋ชฉ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:01
More recently, the American financierย ย 
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์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ธˆ์œต๊ฐ€์ธ
01:05
Bernie Madoff became infamous as the biggestย swindler in history. In 2009, he was sentencedย ย 
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๋ฒ„๋‹ˆ ๋งค๋„ํ”„(Bernie Madoff)๊ฐ€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ์œผ๋กœ ์•…๋ช…์„ ๋–จ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2009๋…„์— ๊ทธ๋Š”
01:11
to 150 years in prison for his part in the Ponziย scam. But how much did he defraud from investors?ย ย 
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ํฐ์ง€ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ ํ˜์˜๋กœ 150๋…„์˜ ์ง•์—ญํ˜•์„ ์„ ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์†์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:18
That's my quiz question. Was it: A. $6.5 million?ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”. A. 650๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜€๋‚˜์š”?
01:23
B. $65 million? C. $65 billion?
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B. 6,500๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ? C. 650์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ?
01:29
Hmm, I'll say B, $65 million.
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ํ , B๋ผ๊ณ  ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”, 6,500๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ.
01:34
Okay, Rob, we'll come back to that later.ย Generally speaking, trust can be describedย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, Rob. ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋Š”
01:39
as a judgment that someone can be believedย and relied upon. When we trust each other,ย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์˜์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํŒ๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋ฉด
01:44
it makes life easier, quicker, and friendlier.ย ย 
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์‚ถ์ด ๋” ํŽธํ•˜๊ณ , ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ , ์นœ๊ทผํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
Society can't function without trust. So doesย that mean the more trust, the better?
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์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐ ์—†์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ข‹๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
01:54
Well,ย not according to philosopher Onora O'Neill.ย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ฒ ํ•™์ž Onora O'Neill์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
Here he is speaking to David Edmonds, presenterย of the BBC World Service program The Big Idea:
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ The Big Idea์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰์ž์ธ David Edmonds์™€ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
We have another word, which is 'gullible.'ย And if you simply place trust indiscriminatelyย ย 
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'์†๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
02:10
without making a judgment about whether theย other person or institution is trustworthy,ย ย 
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ์ง€ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ฌด์ฐจ๋ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
02:16
then just trusting to luck, as weย  say, is probably not a virtue.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ–‰์šด์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ฏธ๋•์ด ์•„๋‹ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
There's a difference between trusting someoneย because you have good reason to believe themย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์„ ๋งŒํ•œ ํƒ€๋‹นํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์†๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
and being gullibleโ€”that's easy to deceiveย because you trust and believe people tooย quickly.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†์ด๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
If you don't judge who is trustworthyย and who is not, you are trusting to luck,ย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ–‰์šด์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
02:37
simply believing or hoping that things willย happen for the best.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ผ์ด ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
But being gullible andย trusting to luck is exactly how Bernieย Madoff was able to trick so many peopleย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์†๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ Bernie Madoff๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์†์—ฌ
02:47
into giving him their money. Their biggestย mistake was to trust him indiscriminately,ย ย 
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๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š”
02:53
in a way that does not show care orย  judgment, usually with harmful results.
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๋ฐฐ๋ ค๋‚˜ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด๋ถ„๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
So if indiscriminately trusting people isย such a bad idea, how do we avoid it? Howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฌด๋ถ„๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:03
can we tell who is trustworthy and who isย not? Here's the BBC World Service's The Bigย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‹ค์Œ์€ BBC World Service์˜ The Big
03:09
Idea presenter David Edmonds askingย  Onora O'Neill to give some details:
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž David Edmonds๊ฐ€ Onora O'Neill์—๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
An individual or organization isย  trustworthy if they can justifiablyย ย 
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ์กฐ์ง์€ ์ •๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:19
be trusted. To be trustworthy, they need threeย ingredients. First, honestyโ€”people have to beย ย 
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. ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ •์ง์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
03:26
able to believe what they're told. Second,ย competenceโ€”beyond honesty and competence,ย ย 
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์ž์‹ ์ด ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰โ€”์ •์งํ•จ๊ณผ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ
03:32
there's a third element to trustworthiness:ย reliability.
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์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์š”์†Œ์ธ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
That's the boring one: that's just being honest and competent eachย time. So that it's not enough to be episodicallyย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค๋ฒˆ ์ •์งํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
03:43
honest and competent for some of the thingsย you claim to be able to do, but not others.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ„ํ—์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์งํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
Philosopher Onora O'Neill identifies threeย ingredients for trustworthiness: honesty,ย competence, and reliability.
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์ฒ ํ•™์ž ์˜ค๋…ธ๋ผ ์˜ค๋‹(Onora O'Neill)์€ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์†Œ, ์ฆ‰ ์ •์ง์„ฑ, ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰, ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
Competence means theย ability to do something well. You would trust aย ย 
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์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์ด๋ž€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€
04:01
car mechanic to fix your broken car engine, butย you wouldn't go to them for dental workโ€”they'reย ย 
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๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์—”์ง„์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ •๋น„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์น˜๊ณผ ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ
04:07
not competent to remove your tooth like a dentistย is.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์น˜๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์น˜์•„๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
And you wouldn't trust your dentist to fixย ย your broken-down car either. Onora O'Neill alsoย mentions reliability: being trustworthy becauseย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์น˜๊ณผ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚œ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Onora O'Neill์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
you behave well all the time and keep allย the promises you make.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ž˜ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ฝ์†์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
It's the combinationย of these threeโ€”being honest, competent, andย reliableโ€”that make someone truly trustworthy.ย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •์งํ•จ, ์œ ๋Šฅํ•จ, ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
And not someone like Bernie Madoff, who wouldย run off with your money and entire life savings.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฒ„๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”์ด๋„ํ”„(Bernie Madoff) ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ˆ๊ณผ ํ‰์ƒ ์ €์ถ•ํ•œ ๋ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋„๋ง๊ฐˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
All of which brings me to my quizย  question. Do you remember, Rob?
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ธฐ์–ต๋‚˜์„ธ์š”, ๋กญ?
04:39
Yeah, I do. You asked how much Bernie Madoffย ย 
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . Bernie Madoff๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•œ
04:42
stole from the American investors heย  lied to, and I said B, $65 million.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ํ›”์ณค๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์œผ์…จ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” B๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 6,500๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ.
04:48
But in fact, it was C, $65 billionโ€”a lotย  of money to give to such an untrustworthyย man.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ C, 650์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํฐ ๋ˆ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
So we've been discussing whether thereย is a crisis of trust and are asking how toย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•ด ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ,
05:00
know who is trustworthyโ€”able to be trusted asย honest, competent, and reliable.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์ฆ‰ ์ •์งํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
Placing yourย trust in someone trustworthy is very different from being gullible: easy to trick because youย trust and believe people too quickly.
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์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์†๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†์ด๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
And it canย also be unhelpful to trust things to luck,ย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์ด ํ–‰์šด์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
simply hope or believe that everything willย work out for the best.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์ด ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํฌ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
Both of these problemsย come about when people trust indiscriminately,ย in an unsystematic way that does not show careย ย 
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐฐ๋ ค๋‚˜ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋น„์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด๋ถ„๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉฐ
05:29
or judgment, usually with harmful results, asย Bernie Madoff's victims found out to their cost.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ Bernie Madoff์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๊ฐ€ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ๋“ฏ์ด ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
But luckily, there are many trustworthy peopleย around, and we can spot them using three criteria:ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹คํ–‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
05:41
honesty (in other words, not lying), competence,ย and reliability. ย 
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์ •์ง์„ฑ(์ฆ‰, ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹˜), ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
Competence means an ability to doย something well in the correct and effective way.
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์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
And reliability means being honest and competent all the timeโ€”not just being honest sometimesย or reliable in some actions but not others.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์ด๋ž€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ •์งํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ๋Šฅํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ •์งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰๋™์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
That's all for 6 Minute English. Bye for now!
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
06:03
Bye-bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
06:09
Hello, and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Alice.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
And I'm Rob. Now Alice, what didย  you get up to at the weekend?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ด์—์š”. ์ž, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์”จ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋ญ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”?
06:16
Oh, I did some spring cleaning, whichย  means cleaning a place very well,ย ย 
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์•„, ๋ด„๋งž์ด ๋Œ€์ฒญ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ฆ‰, ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
especially places you don't cleanย  often. So I was tidying up my wardrobe,ย ย 
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ž์ฃผ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ท์žฅ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ 
06:26
trying to organize things, and suddenlyย hundreds of shoes tumbled on my head!
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๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹ ๋ฐœ์ด ๋‚ด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์œ„๋กœ ๊ตด๋Ÿฌ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
06:30
Poor Alice! But why do you have so many shoes,ย ย 
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๋ถˆ์Œํ•œ ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค! ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹ ๋ฐœ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
06:34
and why do you keep them at the top ofย your wardrobe? I only have three pairs.
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์™œ ์‹ ๋ฐœ์„ ์˜ท์žฅ ๋งจ ์œ„์— ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‚˜๋Š” ์„ธ ์Œ๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
I like to match my shoes to my outfit, andย three pairs wouldn't do the trick. Well,ย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ ๋ฐœ์„ ๋‚ด ์˜ท์ฐจ๋ฆผ์— ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์„ธ ์ผค๋ ˆ๋Š” ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ,
06:43
the subject of today's showย  is having too much stuff.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฉ์†ก์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
And you're making me feel guilty, Rob.ย  You must have too much of something.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”, Rob. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
Yes, plastic bags. I think they're useful,ย ย 
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์‘, ๋น„๋‹๋ด‰์ง€. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์œ ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ,
06:54
but they're getting out of hand. That means notย under controlโ€”they're taking over my kitchen.
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๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ํ†ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด ์ฃผ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ ๋ นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
You can recycle plastic bags, you know, Rob.
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๋น„๋‹๋ด‰์ง€๋ฅผ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ž–์•„์š”, Rob.
07:03
Uh, well, you can recycleย  shoes too, you know, Alice.
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์–ด, ์‹ ๋ฐœ๋„ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ž–์•„์š” , ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค.
07:05
Oh yes.
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์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
07:06
Now, in general, I don't have a lotย of clutter in my flat. That means an untidyย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์—๋Š” ์žก๋™์‚ฌ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์–ด์ˆ˜์„ ํ•œ
07:11
collection of objects. Clutter makesย  it harder to find the things you need,ย ย 
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๊ฐœ์ฒด ๋ชจ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žก๋™์‚ฌ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ,
07:16
and it makes moving house a nightmareโ€”allย those boxes full of things you don't need.
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์ด์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•…๋ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ์ž์— ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
Good point. I have a friend who suggestedย the three-bucket system. You sort thingsย ย 
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์ข‹์€ ์ง€์ ์ด๋‹ค. 3๋ฒ„ํ‚ท ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„
07:27
into three different buckets: one you labelย as "to keep," one as "to get rid of," and oneย ย 
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์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฒ„ํ‚ท์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” '๋ณด๊ด€', ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” '์ œ๊ฑฐ', ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
07:34
as "maybe to get rid of." "Get rid of," by theย way, means to remove something you don't want.
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'์ œ๊ฑฐ'๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ '์ œ๊ฑฐ'๋Š” ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
It's the "maybe" bucket that's tricky,ย ย 
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€ '์•„๋งˆ๋„' ๋ฒ„ํ‚ท์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
isn't it? You never know if youย  might need something in the future.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”? ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
Yes, it would need to be a big bucket too.
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํฐ ์–‘๋™์ด์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
Yes, it would. Well, I think weย  could all live better with less.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ ์€ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
Okay, well let's have today's quiz question beforeย we talk about decluttering our lives. Which word,ย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
Alice, means a belief that physical possessionsย are the most important thing in life? Is it:ย 
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๋ฌผ์งˆ์  ์†Œ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€:
08:05
A. Metaphysics? B. Materialism?
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A. ํ˜•์ด์ƒํ•™์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? B. ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ฃผ์˜?
08:08
C. Existentialism?
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C. ์‹ค์กด์ฃผ์˜?
08:11
Okay, I think it's B, materialism.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” B, ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ฃผ์˜์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
08:17
Okay, well, we'll find out if you got the answerย right or wrong later on in the show. Now let'sย ย 
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ต๋ณ€์ด ์˜ณ์•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ‹€๋ ธ๋Š”์ง€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์‡ผ์—์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
08:22
listen to Bea Johnson, author of Zero Wasteย Home, talking about how she and her familyย ย 
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Zero Waste Home์˜ ์ €์ž์ธ Bea Johnson์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋…€์™€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด
08:29
have adopted a minimalist, or deliberatelyย simple, lifestyle in their California home.
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์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ ๋˜๋Š” ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋ผ์ดํ”„์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ์ฑ„ํƒํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
We've really asked ourselves,ย  what is it that we really need? Uh,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€? ์–ด,
08:39
we've asked really true questions and,ย  uh, evaluated every single thing thatย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ง„์‹คํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:44
we have. There is nothing that we overlook.ย I, uh, even came to one day look at my, uh,ย ย 
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. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ €๋Š” ์–ด, ์–ด๋Š ๋‚ 
08:51
vegetable peeler, for example, and ask myself,ย do I really need that vegetable peeler?"
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์•ผ์ฑ„ ํ•„๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  '๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ์•ผ์ฑ„ ํ•„๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๊ฐ€?'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ž๋ฌธํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
So one day, Bea Johnson decided to evaluate orย to judge the importance of something to see ifย she needed it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚  Bea Johnson์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
She evaluated her vegetable peelerย and decided to put it in the "get rid of" bucket.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•ผ์ฑ„ ๊ป์งˆ ๋ฒ—๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ ํ›„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ '์ œ๊ฑฐ' ํ†ต์— ๋„ฃ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
Yes, and overlook somethingย  means not to see it. Now,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ, ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„๊ณผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
I don't blame Bea at all because Iย  don't like peeling vegetables either.ย ย 
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์•ผ์ฑ„ ๊ป์งˆ์„ ๋ฒ—๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
And you can actually get the benefit of theย vitamins and minerals by eating the skins.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ป์งˆ์„ ๋จน์œผ๋ฉด ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๋„ค๋ž„์˜ ์ด์ ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
Very healthy, Rob.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Rob.
09:27
We can really live withย fewer things, but some people can't helpย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ ์€ ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
09:30
looking for the latest version of something orย go for designer goods. Writer and journalistย ย 
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์ตœ์‹  ๋ฒ„์ „์„ ์ฐพ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘๊ฐ€์ด์ž ์ €๋„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์ธ
09:36
James Wallman warns us about this. Heย wonders how much stuff is too much.
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์ œ์ž„์Šค ์›”๋จผ(James Wallman)์€ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”
09:43
This thing about need is such aย  dangerous term because what do youย ย 
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ํ•„์š”์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด ๋ง์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
need? And I'm not anti-stuff. Stuffย  is good. I'm anti-too much stuff,ย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ ,
09:52
and I'm anti-the wrong stuff. Don't go outย and buy that labelled 'good' that you thinkย ย 
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์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์„œ '์ข‹๋‹ค'๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
09:57
is going to make people think something moreย of you. That's not going to make you happy.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
James Wallman there. Now Alice,ย  do you buy labelled goods?
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์ œ์ž„์Šค ์›”๋จผ์ด์š”. ์ด์ œ ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋‹˜, ๋ผ๋ฒจ์ด ๋ถ™์€ ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
10:08
I'm afraid I do. Labelled goods, or products, areย the ones with a famous brand name like Gucci,ย ย 
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์œ ๊ฐ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ผ๋ฒจ์ด ๋ถ™์€ ์ƒํ’ˆ, ์ฆ‰ ์ œํ’ˆ์€ Gucci, Dior, Prada ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ œํ’ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
Dior, Prada, etc. But I do think Jamesย  Wallman is right. Buying things justย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ James Wallman์ด ์˜ณ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‹จ์ง€
10:21
because other people have them,ย  for example, doesn't make us happy.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
Yeah, that's true. But as he says, notย  everything is the wrong stuff. For example,ย ย 
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๋„ค, ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
10:29
I'm very fond of my large schoolboy collectionย of superhero comics. I might not need them,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ๋‚จํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์Šˆํผํžˆ์–ด๋กœ ๋งŒํ™” ์ปฌ๋ ‰์…˜์„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
10:35
but they make me happy. So, whatย  stuff makes you happy, Alice?
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋‚˜์š”, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค?
10:39
Oh well, I like my music CDs and my books.ย Even though I've got the music on an MP3ย ย 
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์•„ ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ €๋Š” ์Œ์•… CD์™€ ์ฑ…์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.ย  MP3 ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด์— ์Œ์•…์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„
10:44
player and I don't often pull a book out from theย bookcase.
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์ฑ…์žฅ์—์„œ ์ฑ…์„ ๊บผ๋‚ด๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์ž์ฃผ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
They have sentimental value, don't they?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:50
[Yes] And that means the importanceย  of something because of a personalย ย 
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[์˜ˆ] ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
10:53
or emotional feeling that we attach to it.ย Well, I sold all my music CDs online ages ago.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์  ๋Š๋‚Œ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „์— ๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์Œ์•… CD๋ฅผ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋งคํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
Oh, well, that sounds like theย  sensible thing to do. Okay,ย ย 
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์•„, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•œ ์ผ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”,
11:03
I think it's time for the answerย  to today's quiz question, Rob.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”, Rob.
11:06
Yes, I asked you which word means a belief thatย physical possessions are the most important thingย ย 
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๋„ค, ๋ฌผ์งˆ์  ์†Œ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:12
in life. Is it: A. Metaphysics?
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. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€: A. ํ˜•์ด์ƒํ•™์ธ๊ฐ€?
11:15
B. Materialism? C. Existentialism?
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B. ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ฃผ์˜? C. ์‹ค์กด์ฃผ์˜?
11:19
And I said B, materialism.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” B, ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ฃผ์˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
And you were right, Alice. Wellย  done. The answer is indeed B,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹  ๋ง์ด ์˜ณ์•˜์–ด์š”, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค. ์ž˜ ํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”. ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ๊ทธ์•ผ๋ง๋กœ B,
11:26
materialism. This is the word used to refer to aย desire for material things and wealth and littleย ย 
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๋ฌผ์งˆ์ฃผ์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š•๊ตฌ์™€ ์œค๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:32
or no interest in ethical values. Now, can weย hear the words we learned today, please, Alice?
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. ์ž, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค?
11:38
Yes, of course. They are:
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
11:41
spring cleaning out of handย 
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๋ด„๋งž์ด ๋Œ€์ฒญ์†Œ
11:46
clutter get rid ofย 
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์–ด์ˆ˜์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ์—†์• ๊ธฐ
11:50
materialism minimalistย 
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๋ฌผ์งˆ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ๋ฉ€
11:54
evaluate overlookย 
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๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„๊ณผ
11:57
labelled sentimental valueย 
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๊ฐ์ •์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ
12:01
Well, that's the end of today's 6-Minute English.ย Don't forget to join us again soon. Bye for now!
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
12:07
Bye bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
12:14
I'm Rob. Welcome to 6 Minute English.ย I'm joined today by Finn. Hello, Finn.
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์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ด์—์š”. 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ Finn์ด ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•, ํ•€.
12:19
Yeah, hi Rob. You know, I'm happy you called me toย ย 
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์‘, ์•ˆ๋…• ๋กญ.
12:23
present this program with you because Iย was there by my desk feeling a bit bored.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์ƒ ์˜†์— โ€‹โ€‹์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์‹ฌ์‹ฌํ•ด์„œ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™”ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ปค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
Great yawn, Finn.
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ํ•˜ํ’ˆ ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ํ•€.
12:32
Yeah, now a yawn, of course, is aย  typical reaction of someone who is bored.
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๋„ค, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ•˜ํ’ˆ์€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
Yeah, it's when you open your mouth wideย and take some air in and slowly out.
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๋„ค, ์ž…์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฒŒ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ด๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋‚ด์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
Okay, well let's make thisย  program all about boredom,ย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”
12:49
shall we? And I'll start byย  stimulating your imagination.
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? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์„ ์ž๊ทนํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
Thank you, but how are you going to make meย excited and interested in something, Rob?
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๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”, Rob?
12:59
Okay, well how about I challenge you to aย question that you might not know the answer to?
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹ต์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋„์ „ํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
13:04
Okay, well you can try. Go on then.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
13:07
Well, I know you like the theatre.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทน์žฅ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์š”.
13:09
I do, but it has to be anย  exciting play or I get restless.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํฅ๋ฏธ์ง„์ง„ํ•œ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
Ah, restless. You mean unable to sit stillย because you get bored or worried even?
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์•„, ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฑ์ •์ด ๋˜์–ด๋„ ๊ฐ€๋งŒํžˆ ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
13:19
Okay, well I wonder how you'd feel watchingย the longest continuous play recorded.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ธฐ๋ก๋œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธด ์—ฐ์† ์žฌ์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด์‹ค์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
Well, that's quite an offer. Um, what do you mean?
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์ œ์•ˆ์ด๋„ค์š”. ์Œ, ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์ด์—์š”?
13:27
Well, according to the Guinness Book of Records,ย the longest continuous dramatic performance wasย ย 
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๊ธฐ๋„ค์Šค๋ถ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
13:33
held in New Jersey in the US in 2010. But do youย know how long the cast for "The Bald Soprano"ย ย 
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2010๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‰ด์ €์ง€์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์—ฐ์†๋œ ๊ทน ๊ณต์—ฐ์ด ์—ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ Eugรจne Ionesco์˜ 'The Bald Soprano' ์ถœ์—ฐ์ง„์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ
13:40
by Eugรจne Ionesco was on stage for? Was it forย about a) 8 hours, b) 17 hours, or c) 23 hours?
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๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ์„ฐ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? a) 8์‹œ๊ฐ„, b) 17์‹œ๊ฐ„, c) 23์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋„์˜€๋‚˜์š”?
13:50
Wow, they're all pretty long.ย  Um, I'll say b) 17 hours, Rob.
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์™€, ๋‹ค๋“ค ๊ฝค ๊ธธ์–ด์š”. ์Œ, b) 17์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”, Rob.
13:56
Goodness. Right, okay, well I'll let you knowย the answer at the end of the program. Now let'sย ย 
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์„ ๋Ÿ‰. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
14:01
talk more about boredom. I think this is aย feeling we have to learn how to cope with.
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์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
Yes, we have to learn to deal with this situationย successfully, to cope with it. But people oftenย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข…
14:13
feel they want to change their life, to changeย their job. They might feel stuck in a rut.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ณ , ์ง์—…์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ‹€์— ๋ฐ•ํžŒ ๋“ฏํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
That's a good phrase, stuck in a rut. So you meanย you have become too fixed in one kind of job?
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ํ‹€์— ๋ฐ•ํžŒ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋„ค์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ง์—…์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ง‘์ฐฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
14:25
Yes. You know, Rob, even I sometimesย  dream of something a bit more exciting,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ. Rob, ๋‚˜๋„ ๊ฐ€๋” ์ข€ ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ผ์„ ๊ฟˆ๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:30
like being a professional diver or maybeย even a pilot of a really fast plane.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ „๋ฌธ ๋‹ค์ด๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„์ฃผ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์˜ ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:37
Well, guess what? Even pilots get bored,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”? ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์„
14:40
you know, not when they're flying anyway.
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๋Š๋ผ์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๋น„ํ–‰ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
Wrong, when they're up in the air.
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ํ‹€๋ ธ์–ด์š”. ๊ณต์ค‘์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์š”.
14:44
No way, really? I don't believe you.
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๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋ผ, ์ •๋ง? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:46
Well, Missy Cummings, an American, was a fighterย pilot. Listen to the phrasal verb she uses,ย ย 
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์Œ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ธ Missy Cummings๋Š” ์ „ํˆฌ๊ธฐ ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:53
meaning to stop being bored at least for a while.
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์ ์–ด๋„ ์ž ์‹œ ๋™์•ˆ์€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:57
Is there ever time for aย  fighter pilot to get bored?
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์ „ํˆฌ๊ธฐ ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด์งˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
15:00
Oh my gosh, sure. For the same reasons theย commercial pilots get bored. These fighter jetsย ย 
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๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ƒ์šฉ ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ๋„ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ „ํˆฌ๊ธฐ๋Š”
15:05
are very automated when it comes to just holdingย altitude and heading. So you'd turn everything onย ย 
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๊ณ ๋„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž๋™ํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„
15:09
autopilot, and I probably listened to more Oprahย Winfrey TV shows on the high frequency radios.ย ย 
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์ž๋™ ์กฐ์ข… ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ์ผฐ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ์˜คํ”„๋ผ ์œˆํ”„๋ฆฌ TV ์‡ผ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
And so you get good about using the technologyย to figure out how to stave off that boredom.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:20
Ah, so she listened to a show hosted byย the American presenter Oprah Winfrey onย ย 
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์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ž˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ผ๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ง„ํ–‰์ž ์˜คํ”„๋ผ ์œˆํ”„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์‡ผ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:26
the radio to stave off her boredom.ย  Now, to stave off means to stop or toย ย 
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. ์ด์ œ, stave off๋Š” ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:32
keep an unpleasant feeling away,ย  in this case, she means boredom.
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. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:36
Yes, indeed. But some experts thinkย  there's something good about feeling bored.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:41
Really?
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์ •๋ง?
15:42
Let's hear what Tiffany Wattย  Smith has to say. She works for theย ย 
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Tiffany Watt Smith์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
15:46
Center for the History of Emotionsย  at Queen Mary University of London.ย ย 
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ํ€ธ ๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฐ์ •์‚ฌ ์„ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:50
Pay attention to the word she uses toย  describe what boredom does to people.
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์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:56
On the one hand, people are worried aboutย being under-occupied and bored. On the other,ย ย 
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ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—…๋ฌด๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€๋ฃจํ• ๊นŒ๋ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”
16:00
there is a set of anxieties about usย  not having any more downtime. You know,ย ย 
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋™ ์ค‘์ง€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
16:04
we can constantly check our phones at the busย stop. Everything is to be filled. And what doesย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์—์„œ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
16:08
that do to our minds? I think boredom is a veryย useful emotion. It's an emotion which spurs peopleย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋‚˜์š”? ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
16:14
on to change something about their environment.ย If you're bored, it gives rise to creativity.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋„๋ก ์ž๊ทนํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์‹ฌ์‹ฌํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฐฝ์˜๋ ฅ์ด ์ƒ˜์†Ÿ๋Š”๋‹ค.
16:21
So boredom spurs people on to change something.ย Now, to spur on means to stimulate or to encourageย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋„๋ก ์ž๊ทนํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์ด์ œ ๋ฐ•์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
16:30
someone to do something.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ž๊ทนํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:32
So, what are you goingย to do, Finn? How will you change your life?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ญ˜ ํ•  ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”, Finn? ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?
16:35
Change my life? Okay, two things. The first oneย is I want to know if I got that question right.
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๋‚ด ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋‚˜์š”? ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€์š”. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:41
Well, I said at the beginning of theย  program that the longest continuousย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ œ๊ฐ€
16:45
dramatic performance was held in Newย Jersey, US in 2010. And I asked you howย ย 
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2010๋…„์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‰ด์ €์ง€์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์—ฐ์†๋œ ์—ฐ๊ทน ๊ณต์—ฐ์ด ์—ด๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
16:50
long the cast was on stage for to playย  "The Bald Soprano" by Eugรจne Ionesco?
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์ถœ์—ฐ์ง„์ด Eugรจne Ionesco์˜ 'The Bald Soprano'๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ ?
16:56
Yes, the options were 8 hours, 17 hours, andย 23 hours, I think. And I said 17. Was I right?
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๋„ค, ์˜ต์…˜์€ 8์‹œ๊ฐ„, 17์‹œ๊ฐ„, 23์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  17์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๋ง์ด ๋งž๋‚˜์š”?
17:04
You were not.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
Oh no!
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์•ˆ ๋ผ!
17:06
It was even longer.
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๋” ๊ธธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:07
Oh wow, okay.
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์•„ ์™€, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
17:08
According to the Guinness Book ofย  Records, the play lasted 23 hours,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ๋„ค์Šค๋ถ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ด ์—ฐ๊ทน์€ 23์‹œ๊ฐ„
17:13
33 minutes, and 54 seconds. It wasย  achieved by the 27 O'Clock Players,ย ย 
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33๋ถ„ 54์ดˆ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:19
who performed "The Bald Soprano" at Belmar, Newย Jersey, USA on the 27th of July, 2010. Anyway,ย ย 
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2010๋…„ 7์›” 27์ผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‰ด์ €์ง€์ฃผ ๋ฒจ๋งˆ์—์„œ 'The Bald Soprano'๋ฅผ ๊ณต์—ฐํ•œ 27 O'Clock Players๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์จŒ๋“ ,
17:27
Finn, what's the second thing you'reย  going to do to stave off your boredom?
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Finn ์”จ, ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํ•˜์‹ค ์ผ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ?
17:30
You know what, Rob? I'm going to bookย myself a fantastic holiday. Maybe Iย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„, ๋กญ? ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ธ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ํŽญ๊ท„์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•„๋ฅดํ—จํ‹ฐ๋‚˜์˜
17:36
could start with a visit to Patagoniaย  in Argentina to see the penguins.
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ํŒŒํƒ€๊ณ ๋‹ˆ์•„๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š” .
17:41
Yeah, sounds very exciting. Butย  before you head off to Patagonia,ย ย 
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์‘, ์ •๋ง ์‹ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ตฌ๋‚˜. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ํŒŒํƒ€๊ณ ๋‹ˆ์•„๋กœ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์˜ค๋Š˜
17:45
could you remind us of some of theย  English words we've heard today?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์€ ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
17:48
We heard: yawn, stimulating, restless, to copeย with, stuck in a rut, to stave off, to spur on.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•˜ํ’ˆ, ์ž๊ทน์ , ์•ˆ์ ˆ๋ถ€์ ˆ ๋ชปํ•จ, ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋‹ค, ํ‹€์— ๋ฐ•ํžˆ๋‹ค, ๋ง‰๋‹ค, ๋ฐ•์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋‹ค ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:00
Thanks, Finn. That's it for this program.ย I hope you didn't find it boring.
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๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”, ํ•€. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:04
Not at all. I loved it.
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๋ณ„๋ง์”€์„์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
18:05
Please join us againย soon for another 6 Minute Englishย from BBC Learning English. Bye bye.
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BBC Learning English์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์•ˆ๋…•.
18:11
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
18:18
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Alice.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:20
And I'm Neil.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
18:21
So, Neil, didย you sleep well last night?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, Neil, ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ์ž˜ ์žค์–ด?
18:23
Uh, yes, thanks. Why do you ask?
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์–ด, ๋„ค, ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”. ์™œ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋‚˜์š”?
18:25
Today we're talking about how much sleep we need.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:29
Ah, I like a good eight hours myself.ย  Ten at the weekend. How about you?
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์•„, ๋‚˜๋„ 8์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋„๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„. ์ฃผ๋ง์—๋Š” 10์‹œ. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”?
18:33
Oh, six is enough for me. But did youย  know this? Humans sleep around threeย ย 
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์•„, 6๊ฐœ๋ฉด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”? ์ธ๊ฐ„์€
18:39
hours less than other primates, likeย  chimps, who sleep for about ten hours.
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์•ฝ 10์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ž ์„ ์ž๋Š” ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์žฅ๋ฅ˜์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์•ฝ 3์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋„ ์ ๊ฒŒ ์ž”๋‹ค.
18:43
So you're a chimp, Neil, at the weekends atย least. Are you ready for the quiz question?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ ์–ด๋„ ์ฃผ๋ง์—๋Š” ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์•ผ, Neil. ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋งžํž ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
18:55
Okay, I'll assume that means yes. Right,ย what's another word for sleepwalking?ย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ '์˜ˆ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ๋ชฝ์œ ๋ณ‘์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋‚˜์š”?
19:02
Is it a) narcolepsy, b) restlessย  legs syndrome, or c) somnambulism?
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a) ๊ธฐ๋ฉด์ฆ, b) ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ๋ชฝ์œ ๋ณ‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:11
I will go for b) restless legs syndromeย  since there's a connection with the legs.
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b) ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:15
Well, we'll find out whether you'reย  right or wrong later on in the show. So,ย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฅธ์ง€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์‡ผ์—์„œ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ
19:20
what keeps you awake at night, Neil?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐค์— ์ž  ๋ชป ์ด๋ฃจ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”, Neil?
19:22
Not much, to be honest. I usually sleep likeย a log, and that means very heavily indeed.ย ย 
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ๋งŽ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ํ†ต๋‚˜๋ฌด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž ์„ ์ž”๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฌด๊ฒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.
19:27
But sometimes my own snoring wakes me up, andย then I can find it hard to get back to sleep.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฝ”๊ณจ์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž ์—์„œ ๊นจ์–ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž ๋“ค๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:32
Snoring, for those of you who don'tย  know, means breathing in a noisy wayย ย 
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๋ชจ๋ฅด์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด ์ฝ”๊ณจ์ด๋Š”
19:37
through your mouth or nose while you'reย asleep. Like that! How about you, Alice?
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์ž ๋“  ๋™์•ˆ ์ž…์ด๋‚˜ ์ฝ”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ˆจ์„ ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ! ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค?
19:44
Very good, yes. Well, that's quite ridiculous.ย Anyway, for me, it's drinking too much coffeeย ย 
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ •๋ง ์šฐ์Šค๊ฝ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ์ €๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์— ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”
19:49
during the day. It's the caffeine in the coffee,ย a chemical that makes you feel more awake, whichย ย 
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. ์ปคํ”ผ์— ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์€ ์ž ์„ ๋” ๊นจ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ,
19:55
can stop you from sleeping at night. But there areย so many things that can keep us awake these days.
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๋ฐค์— ์ž ์„ ์ž์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์š”์ฆ˜์—๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž  ๋ชป ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:01
Oh yes, radio, TV, techieย  stuff like 24-hour internet,ย ย 
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์•„, ๋„ค, ๋ผ๋””์˜ค, TV, 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท,
20:05
computers, smartphones. I loveย  my phone; it's never far from me.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ, ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋ฉ€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:09
Well, let's hear what Professorย  Jerome Siegel from the Universityย ย 
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์ž, ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์˜ Jerome Siegel ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
20:12
of California found when he studiedย  the sleep habits of three differentย ย 
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20:15
hunter-gatherer communities who haveย very little contact with modern society.
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ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ ‘์ด‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ˆ˜๋ ต ์ฑ„์ง‘ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์Šต๊ด€์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:20
They don't have artificial light, electricity,ย batteries, or any of the gadgets that we relyย on today.
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์ธ๊ณต ์กฐ๋ช…, ์ „๊ธฐ, ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์žฅ์น˜๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:25
Their sleep was not that differentย from ours. The range of sleep period was aboutย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š” ์•ฝ
20:34
6.9 to 8.5 hours. If you actually measureย sleep in current populations in the Unitedย ย 
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6.9~8.5์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด๋‚˜ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด
20:42
States or in Europe, they're definitelyย  at the low end of what's been reported.ย ย 
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:46
They certainly don't sleep a lot less thanย we do, but they clearly don't sleep more.
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž ์„ ๋œ ์ž์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ž์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:54
Professor Jerome Siegel found that peopleย in these communities don't go to bed untilย ย 
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Jerome Siegel ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
20:58
several hours after sundown, just like us.ย But one big difference is that very few of
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ง„ ํ›„ ๋ช‡ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜์•ผ ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋ถˆ๋ฉด์ฆ์„ ๊ฒช๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:04
them suffer from insomnia, which means havingย difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep.
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. ์ฆ‰, ์ž ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:09
Now, I don't have a problem with insomnia,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋ฉด์ฆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:12
and hunter-gatherersโ€”people who live by huntingย animals and gathering plants to eatโ€”don't either,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹๋ฌผ์„ ๋ชจ์•„์„œ ๋จน๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ ต์ฑ„์ง‘์ธ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:17
probably because they take a lot ofย  physical exercise during the day.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‚ฎ์— ์‹ ์ฒด ์šด๋™์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:21
Yes, that's right. Taking exercise is an importantย factor in sleeping soundly or well at night. Butย ย 
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๋„ค, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šด๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐค์— ํ‘น ์ž๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆ™๋ฉด์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
21:28
these days, our minds can be so activeย that it becomes very difficult to fall
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์š”์ฆ˜์—๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ™œ๋™์ ์ด์–ด์„œ ์ž ๋“ค๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:32
asleep. Let's listen to Professor Kevin Morganย from Loughborough University here in England,
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. ์˜๊ตญ Loughborough University์˜ Kevin Morgan ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
21:37
talking about how cognitive behavioural therapyย can be used to help people with insomnia.
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์ธ์ง€ ํ–‰๋™ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถˆ๋ฉด์ฆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:44
If you have a train of thoughts which wouldย otherwise keep you awake, one way of dealingย ย 
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์ž ์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
21:48
with this is to block those thoughts. Whatย I'd like you to do is repeat the word 'the'
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์Œ ์†์œผ๋กœ 'the'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ
21:54
in your mind at irregular intervals: the,ย  the, the, the, the, the, the, the. And what
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the). ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
22:03
you'll find is that the mind space requiredย to do this blocks out almost everything else.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ •์‹  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:11
So, Professor Kevin Morgan suggests sayingย one word over and over again at irregularย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ€๋นˆ ๋ชจ๊ฑด ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:16
intervals. Irregular, in this context,ย  means not spaced out evenly. Doing itย ย 
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. ์ด ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์—์„œ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™์ด๋ž€ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ท ๋“ฑํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
22:21
can help to block out the thoughts thatย are stopping you from getting to sleep.
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์ž ์— ๋“ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:25
It sounds like a very simpleย  solution. I wonder if it works?
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:29
There's one way to findย  out, Neil. Try it yourself.
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์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š” , Neil. ์ง์ ‘ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
22:32
I will.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊ฒŒ์š”.
22:33
Okay, and cognitiveย behavioural therapy, by the way,
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ธ์ง€ ํ–‰๋™ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š”
22:35
is a treatment for mental health problemsย that tries to change the way you think.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:40
Well, I usually count sheep if I can'tย  get to sleep. Do you do that, Alice?
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ €๋Š” ์ž ์ด ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ณดํ†ต ์–‘์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ธ์–ด์š” . ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค?
22:44
No, not usually.
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22:44
Now, okay, I think it's time for the answerย to our quiz question. I asked, what's anotherย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๋ณดํ†ต์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•  ์ฐจ๋ก€์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชฝ์œ ๋ณ‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:51
word for sleepwalking? Is it a) narcolepsy,ย b) restless leg syndrome, or c) somnambulism?
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. a) ๊ธฐ๋ฉด์ฆ,ย b) ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ๋ชฝ์œ ๋ณ‘์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
23:01
And I said b) restless leg syndrome.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” b) ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:04
Sorry, Neil, it's actually c) somnambulism.ย The roots of this word come from Latin:ย ย 
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๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”, ๋‹. ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ c) ๋ชฝ์œ ๋ณ‘์ด์—์š”.ย  ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์–ด์›์€ ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:11
'somnus' means sleep, and 'ambulare' meansย walk. Narcolepsy is a condition where youย ย 
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'somnus'๋Š” ์ž ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ  'ambulare'๋Š” ๊ฑท๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ฉด์ฆ์€ ์ž ์ด
23:17
can't stop yourself from fallingย  asleep, especially during the day,ย ย 
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๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ , ํŠนํžˆ ๋‚ฎ ๋™์•ˆ์—๋Š”
23:21
Narcolepsy.
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๊ธฐ๋ฉด์ฆ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:24
And restless leg syndrome is a condition thatย makes you desperate to move your legs around,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์€
23:29
especially when you're sittingย  quietly or trying to get to sleep.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž ์— ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ•„์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์›€์ง์ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ฆ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:33
Get to sleep.
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์ž ์„ ์ž์„ธ์š”.
23:36
Neil. Wake up!
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๋‹. ๊นจ์šฐ๋‹ค!
23:41
Oh, hello. Sorry.
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์•„, ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:42
Hello. Canย we hear today's words again, please?
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋ง์”€์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
23:46
Ah, okay. Yeah. Sleep like a log, snoring,ย caffeine, insomnia, hunter-gatherers,ย ย 
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์•„, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด. ์‘. ํ†ต๋‚˜๋ฌด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž , ์ฝ”๊ณจ์ด, ์นดํŽ˜์ธ, ๋ถˆ๋ฉด์ฆ, ์ˆ˜๋ ต์ฑ„์ง‘์ธ, ๊ฑด์ „ํ•˜๊ณ 
23:59
soundly, irregular, cognitive behavioural therapy.
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ์ธ์ง€ํ–‰๋™์น˜๋ฃŒ.
24:07
Well, that just about brings us to theย  end of this edition of 6 Minute English.ย ย 
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฒˆ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด ์—๋””์…˜์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:11
We hope you've enjoyed this program.ย  Please do join us again soon. Bye.
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์› ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์•ˆ๋…•.
24:15
Goodbye.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
24:22
Hello, I'm Rob. Welcome to 6 Minute English.ย With me in the studio today is Neil. Hello, Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค์—๋Š” Neil์ด ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•, ๋‹.
24:28
Uh, hi Rob.
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์–ด, ์•ˆ๋…• ๋กญ.
24:30
Oh, are you all right, Neil? You'reย  playing on your smartphone again, are you?
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์•„, ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”, ๋‹? ๋˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ์ฃ ?
24:34
Uh, what was that? Oh yeah, sorry Rob, justย doing something on my smartphone. You know,ย ย 
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์–ด, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์˜€์ง€? ์•„, ๋ฏธ์•ˆ Rob, ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด. ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
24:41
the kind of phone which allows you to go online.
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์— ์ ‘์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ „ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:43
Oh, I can see that, butย  are you waiting for a call?
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์•„, ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
24:46
No, no, I just carry it with me at all times.ย Where I go, the phone goes. No phone, no Neil.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋…€์š”.ย  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ํ™”๋„ ์—†๊ณ , ๋‹๋„ ์—†์–ด์š”.
24:53
Okay, but why do you need your phone so much?
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์™œ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?
24:56
Why? Oh, what if I need to go somewhere?ย How will I find my way? What about theย ย 
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์™œ? ์•„, ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?ย  ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธธ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?
25:02
weather? Will it rain today?ย  I need to know these things.
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๋‚ ์”จ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๊นŒ์š”? ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:05
Why don't you just look up in the sky and see ifย it's cloudy?
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋‹ค๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
25:10
Look up to see if it's going to rain?
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๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
25:11
I have an app, which is short for application,ย a computer program for a specific purpose. Myย ย 
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ํŠน์ • ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ ์•ฑ(application)์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด
25:18
app tells me the weather, and thisย  one does all the maths I need. Andย ย 
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์•ฑ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ ์”จ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ณ , ์ด ์•ฑ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
25:22
here's one for translations, and this oneย here can tell me what's going to happen.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ์šฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ์ง€ ๋งํ•ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:27
Okay, okay, okay, I get the point. Today we areย talking about computers, and we'll bring you someย ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์š”์ ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
25:32
words connected with the digital age.
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๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์‹œ๋Œ€์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:34
Connectedโ€”toย connectโ€”we use this verb a lot. It means to linkย ย 
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Connected(์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋‹ค)๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:39
or join one thing to another thing. In thisย case, connected means linked to the internet.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด๋ž€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:45
Okay, I can see you're veryย  excited about computers,ย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:47
so that's what my question is all about. Theย first commercially produced desktop computerย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์ƒ์—…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋œ ๋ฐ์Šคํฌํ†ฑ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋Š”
25:53
was designed and produced by the Italianย company Olivetti and presented at an eventย ย 
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ํšŒ์‚ฌ Olivetti๊ฐ€ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:58
in New York. When did it happen? Wasย  it in a) 1955, b) 1965, or c) 1975?
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. ์–ธ์ œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? a) 1955๋…„, b) 1965๋…„, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) 1975๋…„์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
26:08
Well, I think it's a) 1955.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” a) 1955๋…„์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
26:12
Very interesting. You'll get the rightย  answer at the end of the program. Nowย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋‹ต์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
26:16
let's talk about computers.ย  You can't live without them,ย ย 
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค ์—†์ด๋Š” ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:19
but American technology writer Nicholas Carr,ย the author of a book called "The Glass Cage:ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ž‘๊ฐ€์ด์ž '์œ ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ: ์ž๋™ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณณ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฑ…์˜ ์ €์ž์ธ ๋‹ˆ์ฝœ๋ผ์Šค ์นด(Nicholas Carr)๋Š”
26:25
Where Automation is Taking Us,"ย  thinks they might cause problems.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:29
Problems? They cause us problemsย  when they crash! That's what weย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค !
26:33
say when our computer suddenly stops working.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ž‘๋™์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:36
Well, not just that. Let's listenย  to Nicholas Carr. He says if weย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Nicholas Carr์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
26:40
rely too much on computers, weย  lose something. But what is it?
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์˜์กดํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
26:47
The ability of computers to do things we used toย do is growing astronomically, and we're rushingย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋˜ ์ผ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
26:54
to hand over to computers tasks, activities, bothย in our work lives and in our personal lives. Andย ย 
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์ง์žฅ ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์ž‘์—…๊ณผ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์„œ๋‘๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
27:01
what you begin to see is what's often called aย deskilling effect. The person becoming reliantย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข…์ข… ํƒˆ์ˆ™๋ จ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:06
on computersโ€”because they're not exercising theirย own talentsโ€”those talents begin to fade, and weย ย 
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์žฌ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ทธ ์žฌ๋Šฅ์ด ์‡ ํ‡ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
27:12
begin to lose, as a result, the unique thingsย that human beings can do that computers can't:ย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์ผ์„ ์žƒ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:17
feel empathy, take a broad perspective, interpretย all the stuff that can't be turned into data.
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๋„“์€ ๊ด€์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
27:26
According to Nicholas Carr, using computersย means that we're losing skills. He talksย ย 
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Nicholas Carr์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์žƒ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”
27:31
about deskilling. A skill is the ability to doย something well because we've practiced it.
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ํƒˆ์ˆ™๋ จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์—ฐ์Šตํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ์ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:38
And he also talks about the loss of talent. Talentย is a natural ability to do something. You didn'tย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์žฌ๋Šฅ์˜ ์ƒ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋Šฅ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํƒ€๊ณ ๋‚œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:44
have to learn it; you're just naturally good atย it. It's something we're all born with. Carr saysย ย 
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๋ฐฐ์šธ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ฒœ์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ์ž˜ํ•ด์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Carr๋Š”
27:50
that relying on computers means our talent isย fading because we don't use it any more.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์˜์กดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์žฌ๋Šฅ์ด ํ‡ด์ƒ‰๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:55
And, he goes even further and says we're losingย some of the things that make us human,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€
28:01
like empathyโ€”the ability to imagine andย understand what other people might be feeling.
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๊ณต๊ฐ, ์ฆ‰ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:06
So, do you agree with this writer, Neil?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ์ด ์ž‘๊ฐ€ Neil์˜ ๋ง์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
28:08
I think he's got a point, actually.ย 
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
28:10
It's like the friendships we makeย ย 
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์ด๋Š”
28:12
on social media. It's nice to get toย  know new people in different countries,ย ย 
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์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ์šฐ์ •๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ,
28:16
but we have to remember that it's importantย to talk to people face-to-face too.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง์ ‘ ๋Œ€๋ฉดํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:21
So, maybe we shouldn't use GPS toย  find our way around all the time.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ธธ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด GPS๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:26
GPSโ€”the Global Positioning Systemโ€”whichย gives us directions with the help ofย ย 
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GPS(Global Positioning System)๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ๊ถค๋„๋ฅผ ๋„๋Š” ์œ„์„ฑ์˜ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:30
satellites orbiting the Earth. Instead, have aย conversation with someone, ask for directions.
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. ๋Œ€์‹  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์™€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ๊ธธ์„ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
28:37
Yes, and perhaps we can give theย  spell checker a miss occasionally.ย ย 
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์˜ˆ, ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋งž์ถค๋ฒ• ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:41
A spell checker is a very useful pieceย  of software which helps us avoid makingย ย 
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๋งž์ถค๋ฒ• ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š”
28:45
spelling mistakes when we're typing onย a computer. But it is good to actuallyย ย 
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์ž…๋ ฅํ•  ๋•Œ ์ฒ ์ž ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
28:50
learn how to spell the words properlyย  and not leave everything to the machine.
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๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ฒ ์ž๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์— ๋งก๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:54
Good idea, Rob. I'll try not to rely so much onย digital technology. Computers are here to stay,ย ย 
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์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์•ผ, ๋กญ. ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
29:01
and they'll become more and more sophisticated.ย But we have to remember they are just tools.
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์ ์  ๋” ์ •๊ตํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋„๊ตฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:05
Yes, computers are here to stay. And byย the way, when was the first commerciallyย ย 
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์˜ˆ, ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์ƒ์—…์ ์œผ๋กœ
29:10
produced desktop computer launched? As Iย told you, it was designed and created byย ย 
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์ƒ์‚ฐ๋œ ๋ฐ์Šคํฌํ†ฑ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ์ถœ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ ํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋””์ž์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
29:14
Olivetti and launched in New York. But whenย was it launched? Was it 1955, 1965, or 1975?
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๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ ์ถœ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์–ธ์ œ ์ถœ์‹œ๋๋‚˜์š”? 1955๋…„, 1965๋…„, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด 1975๋…„์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
29:22
And I said 1955.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  1955๋…„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
29:25
Perhaps you should ask your smartphoneย because the correct answer is b) 1965.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ b) 1965๋…„์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์— ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
29:30
I don't believe it!
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๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์š”!
29:31
The computer was called Programma 101, and itย was presented at the New York World's Fair.ย ย 
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์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋Š” Programma 101์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ๋‰ด์š• ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ์—์„œ ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:37
They sold 44,000 units all over the world.ย The initial price in the US was $3,200.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ 44,000๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํŒ๋งคํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ 3,200๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:45
Well, we're almost out of time,ย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ด์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ๋์œผ๋‹ˆ,
29:46
so let's remind ourselves of someย  of the words we said today, Neil.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ง ์ค‘ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค, Neil.
29:50
Smartphone, app, to connect, crash, skill,ย talent, empathy, GPS, spell checker.
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์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ, ์•ฑ, ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ, ์ถฉ๋Œ, ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ์žฌ๋Šฅ, ๊ณต๊ฐ, GPS, ๋งž์ถค๋ฒ• ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ธฐ.
30:09
Thank you. Well, that's it for today.ย  Do log on to bbclearningenglish.com,ย ย 
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:13
maybe on your smartphone, Neil, to find more 6ย Minute English programs. Until next time, goodbye.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ Neil์—์„œ bbclearningenglish.com์— ๋กœ๊ทธ์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ณ„์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
30:19
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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