Russian Navalny Protests: BBC News Review

58,112 views ใƒป 2021-01-26

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hello and welcome to News Review from BBC Learning English.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ News Review์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:03
I'm Neil. Joining me is Catherine. Hi Catherine.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…• ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ.
00:06
Hello Neil and hello everybody. Yes, today's show is all about protests
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์•ˆ๋…• ๋‹ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ˆ๋…• ๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค. ๋„ค, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‡ผ๋Š”
00:11
and demonstrations that took place in Russia over the weekend.
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์ฃผ๋ง ๋™์•ˆ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์‹œ์œ„์™€ ๋ฐ๋ชจ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
If you'd like to test yourself on the vocabulary you learn in this programme,
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:20
there's a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
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์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ bbclearningenglish.com์— ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
Now, let's find out some more about the story from this BBC News report:
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์ด์ œ ์ด BBC ๋‰ด์Šค ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์—์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:53
So, Alexei Navalny, the high profile critic of Vladimir Putin,
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๋ธ”๋ผ๋””๋ฏธ๋ฅด ํ‘ธํ‹ด์˜ ์œ ๋ช… ๋น„ํ‰๊ฐ€์ธ ์•Œ๋ ‰์„ธ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฐœ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€
00:58
returned to Russia just over a week ago.
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๋ถˆ๊ณผ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ์ „์— ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
He was arrested when he arrived in the country
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฒดํฌ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
01:04
and protestors have come out onto the streets of Russia
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์‹œ์œ„์ž๋“ค์€ ์‹œ์œ„ ์š”์ฒญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‘๋‹ต์œผ๋กœ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:08
in response to his requests for demonstrations.
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.
01:12
Now, these protests have taken place in hundreds of locations around the country.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ์œ„๋Š” ์ „๊ตญ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
In Moscow, the riot police were out.
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๋ชจ์Šคํฌ๋ฐ”์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง„์•• ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ์ถœ๋™ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
They beat and dragged away some of the demonstrators.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‹œ์œ„๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ๊ณ  ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
01:24
Observers are saying these are the largest protests
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๊ด€์ฐฐ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
01:27
that have happened in the country for about ten years.
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์•ฝ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์‹œ์œ„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
OK. Some really interesting language being used
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
01:34
in the headlines around this story.
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์— ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์–ธ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
You've found three: what have you got, Catherine?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ?
01:39
Yes. We have: 'spell the end', 'downplays' and 'echoes'.
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์˜ˆ. '๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ฒ ์ž', '๊ฒฝ์‹œ', '์—์ฝ”'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
'Spell the end', 'downplays' and 'echoes'.
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'๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ฒ ์ž', '๊ฒฝ์‹œ', '์—์ฝ”'.
01:49
So, let's start then with your first headline please.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
Yes. We're starting with The Independent, here in the UK โ€“ the headline:
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์˜ˆ. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ The Independent๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‘œ์ œ:
02:06
'Spell the end' โ€“ indicate a major change is going to happen.
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'๋์„ ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”'๋Š” ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
Yes. Now, it's a three-word expression:
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์˜ˆ. ์ด์ œ
02:14
'spell' โ€“ S-P-E-L-L โ€“ 'the' โ€“ T-H-E โ€“ and 'end' โ€“ E-N-D. 'Spell the end.'
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'spell' โ€“ S-P-E-L-L โ€“ 'the' โ€“ T-H-E โ€“ ๋ฐ 'end' โ€“ E-N-D์˜ ์„ธ ๋‹จ์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋์„ ์ฒ ์ž.'
02:23
OK. Well, the first word there is 'spell', which is something that you have just done
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” '์ฒ ์ž'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
02:28
and the effect of 'spelling' something is to make it really clear, isn't it?
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'์ฒ ์ž'์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
02:32
Exactly that, yes. When you spell out a word, you say those letters
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฒ ์žํ•  ๋•Œ
02:37
that make up the word one by one so it's really clear how you actually make that word.
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ๋งํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์ •๋ง ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
And if something 'spells the end' for something, it makes it very, very clear
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด '์ฒ ์ž ๋'์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:49
that something โ€“ this thing is going to finish or come to an end.
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โ€“ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
Yes. And we use the preposition 'for', don't we, in this expression?
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์˜ˆ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์—์„œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ 'for'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:58
Yeah. Your can โ€“ something can 'spell the end for' something else.
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์‘. ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์บ” โ€“ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ '์ฒ ์žํ™”'ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
One event can make it clear that another situation will finish.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
So, for example, it is hoped by millions of people that the...
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
03:15
the development of vaccines for coronavirus will 'spell the end' for the pandemic.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์˜ '์ข…๋ง'์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
Yes, that's a really good example, yes. The pandemic has been going on for a while.
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์˜ˆ, ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์œ ํ–‰์€ ํ•œ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ„์†๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
There is lots of hope that the vaccines will bring the pandemic to an end:
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๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ๋Œ€์œ ํ–‰์„ ์ข…์‹์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํฌ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:29
that the vaccines will 'spell an end' for the pandemic.
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.
03:33
Likewise, electric cars may well 'spell the end' for the petrol engine.
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์†”๋ฆฐ ์—”์ง„์˜ '์ข…๋ง'์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
Another good example, yes.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
Now, the word 'spell' that starts this expression
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์ž, ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” 'spell'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”
03:47
is both regular and irregular in the past, isn't it?
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:50
Interesting word, yes. The past of 'spell' is 'spelt' โ€“ S-P-E-L-T.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'spell'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ 'spelt' โ€“ S-P-E-L-T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
But it can also be 'spelled' โ€“ S-P-E-L-L-E-D.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ 'S-P-E-L-L-E-D'์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
'Spelt' or 'spelled': both have the same meaning. You can use whichever one you like.
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'์ฒ ์ž' ๋˜๋Š” '์ฒ ์ž': ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
OK. Let's get a summary:
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์š”์•ฝํ•˜์ž๋ฉด:
04:17
If you are interested in stories about protests, we have another one, haven't we Catherine?
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์‹œ์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Catherine์ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:22
We do. This is an archive story about protests in Belarus.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฒจ๋กœ๋ฃจ์‹œ์˜ ์‹œ์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
If you want to see that story just click the link.
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๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
04:29
OK. Now, your second headline please.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ด์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
And we're right here at the BBC for this one โ€“ the headline:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ BBC์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ:
04:42
'Downplays' โ€“ makes something seem less important than it is.
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'๊ฒฝ์‹œ'๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
Yes. Two-word expression here, but it is written as one word:
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์˜ˆ. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:54
'down' โ€“ D-O-W-N โ€“ 'plays' โ€“ P-L-A-Y-S.
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'down' โ€“ D-O-W-N โ€“ 'plays' โ€“ P-L-A-Y-S๋ผ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
Put them together and you have the verb: 'downplays'.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•ฉ์น˜๋ฉด 'downplays'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
Now, the first part of that word โ€“ 'down' โ€“ it's quite clear to see
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์ž, ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ '์•„๋ž˜๋กœ'๋Š”
05:07
that this carries the meaning of 'reduce': reduce something in importance.
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'๊ฐ์†Œ'์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
But 'plays' โ€“ how does that work?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ '์žฌ์ƒ' โ€“ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:16
Yes. 'Plays' is interesting, isn't it? Well, 'plays'ย โ€“ when you 'play' a game
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์˜ˆ. '์—ฐ๊ทน' ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์ฃ ? ์Œ, 'ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด' โ€“ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ 'ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด'ํ•  ๋•Œ
05:20
you often use strategy, don't you, in order to win the game?
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์ข…์ข… ๊ฒŒ์ž„์—์„œ ์ด๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „๋žต์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:24
The best technique that gets you the result you want.
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์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
And if you 'downplay' something, it's really to do with a strategy
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ
05:32
for getting the result you want and if the result you want
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๋žต๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€
05:36
depends on somebody thinking that something's not important,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
05:40
you're going to 'downplay' the importance of that.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
You're going to minimise the importance so that you get what you want.
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์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
So, it's a kind of strategy-related word.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ „๋žต ๊ด€๋ จ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
OK. So, we can again use the example of coronavirus:
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
from the beginning and up to now there are some people
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์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€
05:57
who 'downplay' the threat of coronavirus.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
There are, yes. A lot of people 'downplay' the threat of coronavirus:
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๋„ค, ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
for various reasons they want people to believe
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€
06:06
that it's not that serious or not that important.
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์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธธ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
OK. So, we have this word 'downplay' โ€“ so the opposite surely, Catherine, must be 'up-play'?
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ธ ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ '์œ„์‹œ'์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:18
You'd like to think so, yes, but I think it's not actually.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
You can't say 'downplay' is... 'up-play' is the opposite.
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'๋‹ค์šดํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด'๊ฐ€... '์—…ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด'๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
But we do have some expressions you can use:
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
very informally, you can say 'to big up'
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๋งค์šฐ ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ 'to big up'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜
06:30
and if you 'big up something' or you 'big something up'
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ 'big up something' ๋˜๋Š” 'big something up'์€
06:33
you make it seem more important than perhaps someone else thinks it is.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
Other words: you can 'play something up', you can 'talk something up' as well,
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์ฆ‰, 'play something up', 'talk something up'๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
so a few phrasal verbs you can use there to make... which... as the opposite of 'downplay'.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... which... 'downplay'์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
OK. And now, this word 'downplay', it's neither formal nor informal;
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ณต์‹๋„ ๋น„๊ณต์‹๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
it could be used in any kind of situation.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
Yeah, of course. Yes, I mean it's a politician's word, you know.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜ ๋ฌผ๋ก . ์˜ˆ, ์ •์น˜์ธ์˜ ๋ง์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
People love the... politicians always 'downplay' things that aren't to their advantage
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'
07:04
and then 'big up' other things, but let's say your kids don't want to go to bed, Neil:
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ 'ํ™•๋Œ€'ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Neil:
07:10
they want to watch something on TV and you don't want them to stay up late,
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TV์™€ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊นจ์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ
07:13
so you're going to 'downplay' the importance of the programme they want to watch.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
So, you'll say: 'Oh it's not so good.'
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: '์•„, ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•„.'
07:20
Or: 'We can watch it another time. You won't like it anyway.'
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๋˜๋Š”: '๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
07:25
It's a way of 'downplaying' something to get the result you want.
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์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
Yeah. And they will never forgive me...!
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์‘. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์šฉ์„œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...!
07:32
OK. Let's get a summary:
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์š”์•ฝํ•˜์ž๋ฉด:
07:43
We have a News Review with an example of some people 'downplaying' an event.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๋ฅผ '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋‰ด์Šค ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
It was when the tennis player Novac Djokovic hit someone with the ball accidentally.
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ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์„ ์ˆ˜ ๋…ธ๋ฐ• ์กฐ์ฝ”๋น„์น˜๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ณต์„ ์ณค์„ ๋•Œ์˜€๋‹ค.
07:53
Where can they find it, Catherine?
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์–ด๋””์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ , ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ?
07:55
You can find it by clicking the link.
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๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
I should say Djokovic didn't actually 'downplay' the incident himself:
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๋‚˜๋Š” Djokovic์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
he was very apologetic about hitting somebody with a tennis ball,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๊ณต์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ดํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:04
but other people did downplay it, so click the link and you'll find out more.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฝ์‹œํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
Absolutely. OK. Let's move onto our next headline please.
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์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋‹ค์Œ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
And in the UK with The Financial Times โ€“ this headline:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” The Financial Times์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ โ€“ ์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ:
08:23
'Echoes' โ€“ reminders of past events.
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'Echoes' โ€“ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
Yes. 'Echoes' โ€“ E-C-H-O-E-S: this is a noun. It can also be a verb.
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์˜ˆ. 'Echoes' โ€“ E-C-H-O-E-S: ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
Neil, if you go into a very, very large room with a high ceiling,
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Neil, ์ฒœ์žฅ์ด ๋†’๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ๋ฐฉ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด
08:42
no doors โ€“ all the doors are closed โ€“ and you shout, 'NEWS REVIEW!'
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ด ๋‹ซํ˜€ ์žˆ๊ณ  'NEWS REVIEW!'๋ผ๊ณ  ์™ธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
What will you hear?
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
08:48
...NEWS REVIEW! News review... news review... news...
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...๋‰ด์Šค ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ! ๋‰ด์Šค ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ... ๋‰ด์Šค ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ... ๋‰ด์Šค...
08:51
Yes, I hear 'echoes'.
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๋„ค, '๋ฉ”์•„๋ฆฌ'๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
You do. It's the sound being repeated and repeated:
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๋‹น์‹ ์€. ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
exactly the same sound again and again.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
A lovely natural phenomenon is the echo and we're using it here
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ž์—ฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์€ ๋ฉ”์•„๋ฆฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š”
09:06
to describe when an event appears to happen again,
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์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด
09:10
or it's a reminder of a previous event.
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๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด์ „ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
It's very similar to something that's happened in the past.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
In this case, the comparison is the protests that are happening,
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฒจ๋ผ๋ฃจ์Šค์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ด์ „ ์‹œ์œ„์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ
09:20
or that happened at the weekend in Russia,
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์‹œ์œ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ
09:22
to previous protests that happened in Belarus.
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์‹œ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
Yeah and so it's the idea of repetition that connects
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์˜ˆ,
09:29
the literal meaning to this figurative meaning.
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๋ฌธ์ž ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ด ๋น„์œ ์  ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
Exactly that, yes.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
OK. We say in this expression an 'echo' of something 'in' something else.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์—์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ '์•ˆ์˜' ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ '์—์ฝ”'๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
You do, yes. It can be an 'echo' of one thing 'in' something else.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ '์†'์˜ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ '์—์ฝ”'๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
So, '80s pop music for example:
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, 80๋…„๋Œ€ ํŒ ์Œ์•…์ด์š”:
09:45
I know you're a big fan, aren't you Neil, of '80s pop music?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด 80๋…„๋Œ€ ํŒ ์Œ์•…์˜ ์—ด๋ ฌํ•œ ํŒฌ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
09:49
Well, I grew up with it.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
And you can... some people say you can hear 'echoes'
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ... ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
09:54
of that pop music โ€“ '80s music โ€“ in some of today's pop music.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํŒ ์Œ์•…์—์„œ ๊ทธ ํŒ ์Œ์•…(80๋…„๋Œ€ ์Œ์•…)์˜ '๋ฉ”์•„๋ฆฌ'๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
You can. There are definitely 'echoes' of '80s pop
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐด๋“œ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€์—๋Š” 80๋…„๋Œ€ ํŒ์˜ '๋ฉ”์•„๋ฆฌ'๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:01
in some of the current output by some of the bands around today.
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.
10:06
And it means reminders of that music: certain things in the music,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ์Œ์•…์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ์•…์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
10:09
which make you remember or sound similar to music from the past.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์Œ์•…์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
And this figurative use of 'echo' can also be used as a verb,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'echo'์˜ ์ด ๋น„์œ ์  ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
10:18
so we can say that someone 'echoes' someone's opinion:
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ '๋ฐ˜ํ–ฅํ•œ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
it means they repeat their opinion.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
Yes, absolutely. And we get... we could also talk about 'echo chambers'
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๋„ค ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”... '๋ฐ˜ํ–ฅ์‹ค'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„
10:27
and an 'echo chamber' is a forum or an arena, especially on social media,
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์žˆ๊ณ  '๋ฐ˜ํ–ฅ์‹ค'์€ ํŠนํžˆ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ
10:33
where you only talk to people who share your opinions and share your views.
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ๋งŒ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ํฌ๋Ÿผ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
So, you don't listen to or you don't become exposed to opposite
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ๋ฐ˜๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
10:44
or different ideas and views, and therefore your ideas get stronger
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒฌํ•ด์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
10:49
because you only speak to people with the same ideas as you: an 'echo chamber'.
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๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: '๋ฐ˜ํ–ฅ์‹ค'.
10:54
That idea of repetition again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด.
10:56
Yes.
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์˜ˆ.
10:57
OK. Let's have a summary:
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์š”์•ฝํ•˜์ž๋ฉด:
11:06
Time now for a recap of the vocabulary please, Catherine.
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์ด์ œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ.
11:10
Yes. We have 'spell the end' โ€“ indicate a major change is going to happen.
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์˜ˆ. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์ฒ ์ž ๋'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
We have 'downplays' โ€“ makes something seem less important than it is.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ฒฝ์‹œ'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
And 'echoes' โ€“ reminders of past events.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๋ฉ”์•„๋ฆฌ' โ€“ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:27
Don't forget to test yourself on the vocabulary:
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์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
11:29
there's a quiz on our website bbclearningenglish.com
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์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ bbclearningenglish.com์— ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
11:33
and we are all over social media. Thanks for joining us.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
See you next time and stay safe. Bye.
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ต™๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์•ˆ๋…•.
11:39
Goodbye!
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์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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