BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Women 2' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocab!

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2024-09-01 ใƒป BBC Learning English


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BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Women 2' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocab!

75,692 views ใƒป 2024-09-01

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:06
Hello, this is 6-Minute English fromย  BBC Learning English. I'm Georgie.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
And I'm Beth.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋ฒ ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
Leaving home, getting married, and a parent dyingย are three of the most important experiences inย ย 
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์ง‘์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:18
many people's lives. But perhaps the most definingย moment in some women's lives is the miracle ofย ย 
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์€
00:25
birthโ€”in other words, having a baby.
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์ถœ์‚ฐ, ์ฆ‰ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
Throughoutย pregnancy, a lot of care and attention is givenย ย 
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์ž„์‹  ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ์—๋Š” ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:31
to expecting mums. But as soon as the baby isย born, this attention moves to the newborn baby,ย ย 
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ์ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์€ ์‹ ์ƒ์•„์—๊ฒŒ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์ ธ ์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
00:37
making sure they are healthy, warm, andย safe.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
We talk a lot about baby nutrition,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๊ธฐ ์˜์–‘์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ
00:44
but what the mother eats can be just as important,ย especially the first meal after the intense effortย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ฐ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋จน๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํž˜๋“  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‹์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:50
of giving birth. Whether it's chicken soup, aย glass of champagne, or a good old cup of tea,ย ย 
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. ๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜ํ”„๋“ , ์ƒดํŽ˜์ธ ํ•œ ์ž”์ด๋“ , ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ฐจ ํ•œ์ž”์ด๋“ ,
00:57
in this program, we're talking about whatย women eat and drink in the first few weeksย ย 
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์€ ํ›„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ๋จน๊ณ  ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:02
after having a baby. And as usual, we'll beย learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
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. ํ‰์†Œ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ƒˆ ์–ดํœ˜๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
But first, I have a question for you, Beth.ย A typical pregnancy lasts about 40 weeks,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ €, ๋ฒ ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ž„์‹  ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ์•ฝ 40์ฃผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
but when does an unborn baby's stomach start to grow in the mother's womb? Isย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์•„๊ธฐ์˜ ์œ„๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ์—„๋งˆ ์ž๊ถ์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
01:19
it A) at 3 weeks, B) at 5 weeks, or C) at 8 weeks?
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A) 3์ฃผ์ฐจ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, B) 5์ฃผ์ฐจ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด C) 8์ฃผ์ฐจ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
01:26
Uh, I'll say the baby's tummyย starts to grow at about five weeks.
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์–ด, ์•„๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ 5์ฃผ์ฏค ๋˜๋ฉด ์ปค์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
01:31
Okay, Beth, we'll find out if that's the correctย answer later in the program. Giving birth is notย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, Beth. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ •๋‹ต์ธ์ง€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถœ์‚ฐ์„
01:37
called labour for nothing. It's hard work, leavingย the new mum physically and emotionally exhaustedย ย 
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๊ดœํžˆ ๋…ธ๋™์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํž˜๋“  ์ผ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฐ๋ชจ๋Š” ์œก์ฒด์ , ์ •์„œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์น˜๊ณ 
01:44
and in need of food that's nourishing for bothย herself and her baby. Here's Allison Oman Lawi,ย ย 
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์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ์•„๊ธฐ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์–‘์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์Œ์‹์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€
01:51
Deputy Director of Nutrition to theย  United Nations World Food Program,ย ย 
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์œ ์—” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹๋Ÿ‰๊ณ„ํš(United Nations World Food Programme)์˜ ์˜์–‘๋ถ€๊ตญ์žฅ์ธ ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šจ ์˜ค๋งŒ ๋ผ์œ„(Allison Oman Lawi)๊ฐ€
01:56
explaining more to BBC Worldย  Service programme The Food Chain.
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BBC ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹๋Ÿ‰๊ณ„ํš(The Food Chain)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
A woman who is breastfeeding andย  during that postpartum time โ€” theย ย 
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๋ชจ์œ  ์ˆ˜์œ  ์ค‘์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์‚ฐํ›„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„(
02:04
first 6 months โ€” she could need upย  to 650 additional calories a day,ย ย 
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์ฒ˜์Œ 6๊ฐœ์›”) ๋™์•ˆ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์ตœ๋Œ€ 650์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:12
which actually is quite a bit more than sheย even needed in addition during pregnancy.
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์ด๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž„์‹  ์ค‘์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
Allison says that women need to eat evenย more calories postpartum โ€” meaning afterย ย 
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์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šจ์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ž„์‹  ์ค‘๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฐํ›„, ์ฆ‰ ์ถœ์‚ฐ ํ›„ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:23
childbirth โ€” than they do during pregnancy. That'sย especially true for mothers who are breastfeeding,ย ย 
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. ์ด๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ๋ชจ์œ  ์ˆ˜์œ ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฐ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ํ•ด๋‹น๋˜๋ฉฐ,
02:30
feeding their baby directly with milk fromย their breasts.
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์•„๊ธฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์Šด์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ์ –์„ ์ง์ ‘ ๋จน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
How new mums get those extraย ย 
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์ดˆ๋ณด ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
02:35
calories changes from place to place, andย different cultures have developed theirย ย 
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์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™”์—์„œ๋Š”
02:40
own traditions about what foods are best.ย For Chinese American mom Hangou, roast pigย ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ์Œ์‹์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ์ „ํ†ต์„ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์ผœ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ ์—„๋งˆ ํ•ญ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์กฑ๋ฐœ
02:46
trotters were one of the best things to eat afterย childbirth because they contain a lot of collagen,ย ย 
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๊ตฌ์ด๋Š” ์ถœ์‚ฐ ํ›„ ๋จน๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์Œ์‹ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฑ๋ฐœ์—๋Š”
02:52
which helps produce breast milk. And when Ruma,ย whose Punjabi family originally comes from India,ย ย 
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๋ชจ์œ  ์ƒ์‚ฐ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ฝœ๋ผ๊ฒ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ํ•จ์œ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์›๋ž˜ ์ธ๋„ ์ถœ์‹ ์˜ ํŽ€์ž๋ธŒ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ธ ๋ฃจ๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์ž ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
02:59
gave birth to a baby boy, her mother cookedย panjeri, a kind of spicy nut mix with cashews,ย ย 
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๋‚ณ์•˜์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š”
03:06
almonds, and melon seeds to promoteย breast milk and help the healing process.
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๋ชจ์œ  ์ˆ˜์œ ๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์น˜์œ  ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์บ์Šˆ, ์•„๋ชฌ๋“œ, ๋ฉœ๋ก  ์”จ์•—์„ ์„ž์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋งค์ฝคํ•œ ๊ฒฌ๊ณผ๋ฅ˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ธ ํŒ์ œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์š”๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
Listen now as Ruma explains howย  important her mother's help wasย ย 
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์ด์ œ Ruma๊ฐ€
03:16
to BBC World Service program The Food Chain.
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ The Food Chain์— ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋„์›€์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
03:20
So the first 10 days were amazing. My mom came toย stay, and itโ€”gosh, it was so important because Iย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ 10์ผ์€ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์› ์–ด์š”. ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์— ์˜ค์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ค‘์š”ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ €๋Š” ์ œ์™•
03:27
was onโ€”I had a C-section, so I was on veryย strong painkillers. I was in a daze anyway,ย ย 
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์ ˆ๊ฐœ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์ฐจํ”ผ ๋‚œ ๋ฉํ•ด์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
03:33
and to be honest, because she was here, I wasย fed, you know? So she would look after me whileย ย 
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐฅ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์ง€, ์•Œ์ง€? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ณ ,
03:38
I would look after the baby, and my husband wasย very hands-on as well. So that first 10 days,ย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ณ , ๋‚จํŽธ๋„ ์†์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋Œ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ 10์ผ์€
03:42
whilst it was really hard, I didn't fall apart,ย which I might have done if I'd been by myself.
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์ •๋ง ํž˜๋“ค์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ˜ผ์ž์˜€๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
03:48
When Ruma talks about her mother's help, she usesย the word 'gosh', an exclamation used to show aย ย 
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๋ฃจ๋งˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋„์›€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์›€์ด๋‚˜ ๋†€๋ผ์›€์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œํ‘œ์ธ '๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:55
feeling of wonder or surprise. Ruma also saysย she was 'in a daze' because of the medicine sheย ย 
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. ๋ฃจ๋งˆ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— '๋ฉํ•˜๋‹ˆ' ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:01
was taking for pain. If someone is in a daze,ย they feel confused and cannot think clearly,ย ย 
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. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฉํ•ด์ง€๋ฉดย ํ˜ผ๋ž€๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
maybe because of a shock or surprise. ย ย 
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๋†€๋ผ์›€ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
Luckily,ย Ruma had help from her mum and also her husband,
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์šด ์ข‹๊ฒŒ๋„ Ruma๋Š” ์—„๋งˆ์™€ ๋‚จํŽธ์˜ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋‚จํŽธ์€
04:15
who was very hands-on, meaning that he was closelyย involved in organizing things and making decisionsย ย 
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์ผ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:22
and didn't leave it up to someone else.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งก๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
Alongย with her mother's healthy home cooking, the helpย ย 
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ • ์š”๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
04:28
Ruma got from her family meant she didn't 'fallย apart', a phrase which means 'become so emotionallyย ย 
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๋ฃจ๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋„์›€์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ '๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” '๊ฐ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด
04:35
disturbed that you're unable to think or actย calmly or to deal with the situation you're in'.
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๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•ด์ ธ์„œ ์นจ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ '์—์žˆ์–ด.
04:41
New moms have to be expert jugglers, balancingย a new baby and recovering from childbirth withย ย 
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์ดˆ๋ณด ์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ์•„๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ , ์ž ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ ๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ฉด์„œ ์ถœ์‚ฐ ํ›„ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์ €๊ธ€๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:48
getting too little sleep. No wonder theyย need hot, healthy food to eat. Right,ย ย 
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. ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์Œ์‹์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ์ด์ œ
04:54
isn't it time you revealed theย answer to your question, Georgie?
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์กฐ์ง€, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€์š”?
04:57
Sure. I asked you when an unborn baby's stomachย starts to grow. You guessed it was at 5 weeks,ย ย 
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ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๋Š”. ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์•„๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ์ž๋ผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 5์ฃผ์ฐจ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง์ž‘ํ•˜์…จ์ฃ .
05:04
which was the correct answer, Beth. At aboutย 5 weeks, the cells forming a baby's stomach,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”, ๋ฒ ์Šค. ์•ฝ 5์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์•„๊ธฐ์˜ ์œ„,
05:11
lungs, bones, and brain allย start to divide and grow.
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ํ, ๋ผˆ, ๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถ„์—ด๋˜์–ด ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
Right. Let's recap the vocabulary we've learnedย in this program, starting with 'postpartum',ย meaning 'following childbirth'.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ. '์ถœ์‚ฐ ํ›„'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” 'postpartum'์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
'Breastfeeding'ย is feeding a baby directly with milk from theย mother's breasts
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'๋ชจ์œ ์ˆ˜์œ '๋Š” ์—„๋งˆ ์ –์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ์ –์„ ์•„๊ธฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง์ ‘ ๋จน์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
The exclamation 'gosh' is usedย to express a feeling of surprise or wonder.
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๊ฐํƒ„์‚ฌ '๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ'๋Š” ๋†€๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์›€์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
If you're 'in a daze', you feel confused andย unable to think clearly, often because ofย a shock or surprise.
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'๋ฉํ•œ' ์ƒํƒœ๋ผ๋ฉด ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๋†€๋ผ์›€์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
If someone is 'hands-on',ย they're closely involved in organizing things andย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ '์‹ค์Šต'์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
05:45
making decisions rather than just talking aboutย it or getting someone else to do it.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ผ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
And finally, the phrasal verb 'fall apart' means 'toย become seriously emotionally disturbedย ย 
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ '๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋‹ค'๋Š” '์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ
05:57
so that you're unable to think calmly or toย deal with the difficult situation you are in'.
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์นจ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
Once again, our six minutes are up.ย  Join us again soon for more trendingย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, 6๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
topics and useful vocabulary here atย  6-Minute English. Goodbye for now.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ตœ์‹  ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
06:12
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
06:19
Hello, this is 6 Minuteย ย English from BBC Learning English. I'm Beth. ย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6 Minute English์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋ฒ ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
And I'm Neil. Differences between men and
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”. ๋‚จ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š”
06:26
women have existed forever, but in modernย times, imbalances in the opportunities forย ย 
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์˜์›ํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ•ด ์™”์ง€๋งŒ, ํ˜„๋Œ€์—๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์ด ๋”์šฑ
06:32
men and women have widened. One area where thisย imbalance is widest is politics.
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ํ™•๋Œ€๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹ฌํ•œ ์˜์—ญ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
When we think of female politicians, the names Margaretย Thatcher, Angela Merkel, Indira Gandhi,ย ย 
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์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ •์น˜์ธ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋งˆ๊ฐ€๋ › ๋Œ€์ฒ˜, ์•™๊ฒ”๋ผ ๋ฉ”๋ฅด์ผˆ, ์ธ๋””๋ผ ๊ฐ„๋””,
06:45
or Jacinda Ardern all come to mind. But whileย women make up over half the world's population,ย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๋‹ค ์•„๋˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ด์ƒ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
06:52
only 26% of the world's politicians are women.ย ย 
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ •์น˜์ธ์˜ 26%๋งŒ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ย  ๊ทธ
06:56
How much of this is because of misogyny,ย hatred, and prejudice against women?
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์ค‘ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑํ˜์˜ค, ์ฆ์˜ค, ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋‚˜์š”?
07:02
It seemsย that the surprise resignation of New Zealand'sย ย 
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๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ
07:05
prime minister, Jacinda Ardern, was partly becauseย of the misogynistic abuse she received online.
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์ด๋ฆฌ ์ €์‹ ๋‹ค ์•„๋˜(Jacinda Ardern)์˜ ๊นœ์ง ์‚ฌ์ž„์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ๋ฐ›์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑํ˜์˜ค์  ํ•™๋Œ€ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
So, in this program, we'll be asking, why is lifeย so hard for women in politics? And of course,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •์น˜๊ณ„์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์‚ถ์ด ์™œ ๊ทธํ† ๋ก ํž˜๋“ ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก ,
07:18
we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary asย well.
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์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
But before that, I have a question for you,ย Neil.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ „์—, Neil๋‹˜์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
Britain has had three female primeย ministers, all from the Conservativeย ย 
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์˜๊ตญ์—๋Š” ์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ณด์ˆ˜๋‹น ์ถœ์‹ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:29
Party. The first was Margaret Thatcher, who wasย followed in 2016 by Theresa May, and after thatย ย 
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. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋งˆ๊ฐ€๋ › ๋Œ€์ฒ˜(Margaret Thatcher)์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 2016๋…„์—๋Š” ํ…Œ๋ ˆ์‚ฌ ๋ฉ”์ด(Theresa May)๊ฐ€ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด
07:36
by Liz Truss, who resigned after only a short timeย in office. But for how long exactly was Liz Trussย ย 
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๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค(Liz Truss)๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์ž„ํ•œ ์ง€ ์–ผ๋งˆ ์•ˆ ๋˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค(Liz Truss) ์ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ
07:44
prime minister? Was it: A) 45 daysย 
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์ด๋ฆฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์˜€๋‚˜์š”: A) 45์ผ
07:47
B) 1 year and 45 days C) 2 years and 45 days
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B) 1๋…„ 45์ผ C) 2๋…„ 45์ผ
07:54
I think the answer is 45 days.ย ย 
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์ •๋‹ต์€ 45์ผ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
07:57
Okay, Neil, I'll reveal the answer later.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, Neil. ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
One of the biggest barriers for female politiciansย is that politics has traditionally been seen asย ย 
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์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ •์น˜์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์žฅ๋ฒฝ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์น˜๊ฐ€
08:05
a man's world. When Margaret Thatcher becameย prime minister in 1979, she had to manage aย ย 
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1979๋…„ ๋งˆ๊ฐ€๋ › ๋Œ€์ฒ˜(Margaret Thatcher)๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
08:12
group of men who were not used to being told whatย to do by a woman. Here, Professor Rosie Campbell,ย ย 
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ง€์‹œ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ
08:18
director of the Global Institute for Women'sย Leadership, explains to BBC World Service programย ย 
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๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ ์†Œ์žฅ์ธ Rosie Campbell ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ
08:24
The Real Story how Mrs. Thatcher's solutionย to this problem was to appear more masculine.
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The Real Story์—์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ๋ถ€์ธ์˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
You know, she was deliberately coachedย to change her voice and to behave in aย ย 
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ 
08:34
way that was more stereotypicallyย  masculine, at the same time asย ย 
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์ข€ ๋” ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ง€๋„๋ฐ›์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋™์‹œ์—
08:38
presenting herself in terms of her attire inย a very feminine way, which really showed theย ย 
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์˜ท์ฐจ๋ฆผ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
08:44
tightrope that she had to walk in orderย  to seem strong enough to be the leader,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ค„ํƒ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ๋”๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋งŒํผ ๊ฐ•ํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ,
08:48
but not subverting norms of what it is to beย a woman. So I think, you know, whatever youย ย 
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์„ ์ „๋ณตํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
08:53
might think of Margaret Thatcher, that was a veryย challenging tightrope walk that she had to do.
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Margaret Thatcher์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋“  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ค„ํƒ€๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
Margaret Thatcher was coached to behave more likeย a man, for example by lowering her voice. If youย ย 
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๋งˆ๊ฐ€๋ › ๋Œ€์ฒ˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๋“ฑ ์ข€ ๋” ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ง€๋„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
are coached, you are specially trained in how toย improve at a particular skill.
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์ฝ”์นญ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
At the same time,ย she was also advised to appear feminine,ย especially in her attireโ€”the clothes she wore.ย ย 
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๋™์‹œ์—, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ž…๋Š” ์˜ท์ฐจ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ๋ณด์ด๋„๋ก ๊ถŒ๊ณ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
In trying to present both male and female sidesย of herself, Mrs. Thatcher 'walked a tightrope', anย ย 
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์  ์ธก๋ฉด๊ณผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ๋ถ€์ธ์€ '
09:24
idiom meaning 'to be in a difficult situation thatย requires carefully considered behaviour'.
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์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋œ ํ–‰๋™์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด ์žˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์˜ ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด์ธ '์ค„ํƒ€๊ธฐ'๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
The point is that none of these demands were made of the menย in Mrs. Thatcher's government. Even today, the wayย ย 
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์š”์ ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ๋ถ€์ธ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„
09:36
women in politics behave or dress is commentedย on and criticized far more than men, with theย ย 
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์ •์น˜๊ณ„์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๊ณผ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ
09:43
result that fewer women are willing to exposeย themselves to public scrutiny, a situation whichย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์— ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋…ธ์ถœ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€
09:48
has only got worse since the internet and withย it sexist and misogynistic abuse on social media.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋”์šฑ ์•…ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋ณ„์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์†Œ์…œ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑํ˜์˜ค์  ํ•™๋Œ€.
09:55
Paradoxically, it's often saidย that the qualities of empathy andย ย 
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์—ญ์„ค์ ์ด๊ฒŒ๋„
09:59
understanding, often associated with women,ย are most needed in politics today. Accordingย ย 
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์ข…์ข… ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ณผ ์ดํ•ด์˜ ์ž์งˆ์ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ •์น˜์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ”ํžˆ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
to former Prime Minister Helen Clark, who wasย New Zealand's first female elected leader,ย ย 
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๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์„ ์ถœ ์ง€๋„์ž์˜€๋˜ ํ—ฌ๋ Œ ํด๋ผํฌ(Helen Clark) ์ „ ์ด๋ฆฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ The Real Story์—์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
10:11
it's not just that women are more caring,ย they also bring a different leadership style,ย ย 
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋” ๋ฐฐ๋ ค์‹ฌ์ด ๋งŽ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๋„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
as she explained to BBC Worldย Service program The Real Story.
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10:20
I think that women are known forย  more collaborative styles in politics,ย ย 
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์ •์น˜์—์„œ ๋” ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
10:26
less likely to be the, youย know, top-down, heavy-handed,ย ย 
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ํ•˜ํ–ฅ์‹, ๊ณ ์••์ ,
10:31
'my way or the highway,' more openย  to evidence and debate. I think itย ย 
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'๋‚ด ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ'์ผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ ๊ณ  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์— ๋” ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
certainly informed the way that I led. I thinkย it also informed the priorities that I had.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ˆ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
10:43
Helen Clark believes women leaders areย more collaborative; they prefer workingย ย 
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Helen Clark์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋ฆฌ๋”๊ฐ€ ๋” ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  โ€‹โ€‹๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
10:48
cooperatively with several people to achieve aย common goal. She contrasts this with a stricter,ย ย 
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๊ณตํ†ต์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹๋Œ€๋กœ๋งŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”
10:54
more dictatorial leadership style by using theย expression 'my way or the highway,' an idiomย ย 
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๊ด€์šฉ์–ด์ธ 'my way or the Highway'๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์—„๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋…์žฌ์ ์ธ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
used as a warning that someone will onlyย accept their way of doing things.
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11:06
In fact, adopting such dictatorial approaches hasย been the end of many political leaders,ย ย 
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…์žฌ์  ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ๋ถ€์ธ๊ณผ ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ •์น˜ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์ด ์ข…๋ง์„ ๋งž์ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
including Mrs. Thatcher andย more recently Liz Truss,ย ย 
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11:15
which brings me back to my question, Neil.ย How long did Liz Truss last as prime minister?
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ธ ๋‹์—๊ฒŒ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค(Liz Truss)๋Š” ์ด๋ฆฌ์ง์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์œ ์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:21
I guessed it was 45 days. Was I right?
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45์ผ์ธ ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งž์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
11:23
That was the correct answer. Liz Trussย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค(Liz Truss)๋Š”
11:26
was prime minister for just 45 days, the shortestย premiership of any British leader ever, male orย ย 
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๋‹จ 45์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด๋ฆฌ์ง์„ ์—ญ์ž„ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด๋“  ์˜๊ตญ ์ง€๋„์ž ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์งง์€ ์ด๋ฆฌ์ง์„ ๋งก์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:34
female. Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we'veย learned in this programme on women in politics,ย ย 
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. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
starting with 'misogyny,' the dislike or hatredย of women.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜์˜ค ๋˜๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค์ธ '์—ฌ์„ฑํ˜์˜ค'๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •์น˜๊ณ„์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
If you are 'coached' in something,ย ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด '์ฝ”์นญ'์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉดย ย  ํ•ด๋‹น ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”
11:46
you are trained or instructed in how toย  improve that particular skill.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:52
'Attire'ย means the clothes you are wearing.
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'๋ณต์žฅ'์€ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ท์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
If youย have to 'walk a tightrope,' you're in aย ย 
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'์ค„ํƒ€๊ธฐ'๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:56
difficult situation that requires carefulย  behaviour.ย 
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์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ–‰๋™์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:58
The adjective 'collaborative'ย involves several people working togetherย for a particular purpose.
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'ํ˜‘์—…'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํŠน์ • ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
And finally,ย ย the idiom 'it's my way or the highway' can be usedย as a warning that someone will only acceptย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 'It's my way or the Highway'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
12:12
their own way of doing things. Once again,ย our six minutes are up. See you soon.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹๋Œ€๋กœ๋งŒ ์ผ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, 6๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณง ๋ด์š”.
12:18
Bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
12:23
Hello and welcome to Six Minute English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, Six Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
12:26
And I'm Sophie.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์†Œํ”ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
What do you know about Cleopatra, Neil?
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ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ญ˜ ์•„์„ธ์š”, ๋‹?
12:29
Well, she was Queen ofย Egypt quite a long time ago.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฝค ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „์— ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์˜ ์—ฌ์™•์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:34
Anything else?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฑด ์—†๋‚˜์š”?
12:37
Didn't she arrive for a meeting with Romanย Emperor Julius Caesar rolled up in a carpet,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์นดํŽซ์„ ๊น”๊ณ  ๋กœ๋งˆ ํ™ฉ์ œ ์œจ๋ฆฌ์šฐ์Šค ์นด์ด์‚ฌ๋ฅด์™€์˜ ๋งŒ๋‚จ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
12:42
or is that a Hollywood invention?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ—๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ’ˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
12:44
Some historical sources say she was rolledย up in a carpet, and others say she wasย ย 
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์†Œ์‹ํ†ต์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์นดํŽซ์— ๋ง๋ ค ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ์‹ํ†ต์—์„œ๋Š”
12:49
hidden inside a linen sack. Cleopatra isย the subject of today's show. She was theย ย 
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๋ฆฌ๋„จ ์ž๋ฃจ ์•ˆ์— ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‡ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
12:55
last Pharaoh to rule Egypt and is arguablyย the most famous female ruler in history.
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์ด์ง‘ํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ต์น˜ํ•œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํŒŒ๋ผ์˜ค์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ†ต์น˜์ž์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
And the most beautiful?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์€?
13:02
Well, the jury's out on that one, Neil, andย that means people haven't decided yet. Coinsย ย 
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์Œ, ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›๋‹จ์ด ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์–ด์š”, Neil. ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ง ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”. ์˜ˆ
13:08
with Cleopatra's portrait on them, forย  example, show her with a prominent noseย ย 
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๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ์˜ ์ดˆ์ƒํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ค์ง„ ๋™์ „์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํŠ€์–ด๋‚˜์˜จ ์ฝ”
13:12
and thin lips. 'Prominent' means 'noticeable', and in this case, I think it means large.
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์™€ ์–‡์€ ์ž…์ˆ ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Prominent๋Š” '๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๋ฐ, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
13:18
So, what were her attributesย or main qualities then?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์†์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ž์งˆ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
13:21
Cleopatra was a wily politician. She madeย important alliances with Rome to protectย ย 
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ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ตํ™œํ•œ ์ •์น˜๊ฐ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋กœ๋งˆ์™€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋™๋งน์„ ๋งบ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ ๋“ค,
13:27
her country and was ruthless in dealing with herย enemiesโ€”in this case, her siblings who challengedย ย 
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์ฆ‰
13:33
her as sole ruler of Egypt. 'Wily' means 'clever,'ย and 'sibling' is another word for 'brother or sister'.
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์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ํ†ต์น˜์ž๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์ „ํ•œ ํ˜•์ œ์ž๋งค๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ฌด์ž๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์™€์ผ๋ฆฌ'๋Š” '์˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ , 'ํ˜•์ œ์ž๋งค'๋Š” 'ํ˜•์ œ๋‚˜ ์ž๋งค'๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
Didn't she have her siblings murdered?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ˜•์ œ์ž๋งค๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
13:43
Yes, she was very 'ruthless', and that meansย 'without pity'. And today's quiz question is aboutย ย 
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ '๋ฌด์ž๋น„'ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” '์—ฐ๋ฏผ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
13:49
her family. Can you tell me, Neil, which countryย was Cleopatra's family originally from? Is it:ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Neil ์”จ, ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ์›๋ž˜ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ถœ์‹ ์ธ์ง€ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
13:56
A) Macedonia B) Ethiopiaย 
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A) ๋งˆ์ผ€๋„๋‹ˆ์•„ B) ์—ํ‹ฐ์˜คํ”ผ์•„
13:59
C) Egypt
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C) ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ
14:01
I'm going for C) Egypt, the obvious answer.
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C) ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
Well, we'll find out if the obvious answerย is the right one later on in the show,ย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ป”ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์‡ผ์—์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
14:09
but let's talk some more about Cleopatra'sย attributes. She may not have been Hollywoodย ย 
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ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ์˜ ์†์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ์—์„œ
14:14
gorgeous, but she spoke many languagesย and was highly educated in philosophy,ย ย 
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ํ™”๋ คํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์„์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฒ ํ•™,
14:19
astronomy, mathematics, andย oratory. Here's Susan Walker,ย ย 
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์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™, ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๋ฐ ์›…๋ณ€ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋†’์€ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€
14:24
Keeper of Antiquities at the Ashmolean Museumย at the University of Oxford, with more about this:
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์˜ฅ์Šคํผ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์• ์‰ฌ๋ชฐ๋ฆฐ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์˜ ๊ณ ๋Œ€์œ ๋ฌผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ž” ์›Œ์ปค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:30
This plaque says that what was really remarkableย about Cleopatra was not so much her beauty as theย ย 
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์ด ๋ช…ํŒ์€ ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ์˜ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
14:41
intelligence of her company. She had aย very beautiful voice, which I think isย ย 
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
a quality we perhaps underrate these days inย estimations of celebrity, and she clearly hadย ย 
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์š”์ฆ˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์˜ˆ์ธ ํ‰๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์งˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…
14:54
masses of charisma, the sort of person who wouldย light up a room, so enormous personal charm.
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์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์ณค๊ณ , ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น„์ถฐ์ค„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์–ด์„œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ๋งค๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
So, the Roman historian Plutarch wroteย about Cleopatra's voice, her charisma,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋กœ๋งˆ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”Œ๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค๋Š” ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ, ์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ,
15:06
and personal charm, but not about her beauty.
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋งค๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ผ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
That's right, and charisma is, in other words,ย a strong power to attract people. Cleopatra'sย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ๋Š” ์ฆ‰, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋Œ์–ด๋‹น๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํž˜์ด์ฃ .
15:16
voice was also considered very attractive, anย attribute we underrate today, according to Susanย Walker.
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Susan Walker์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  โ€‹โ€‹์—ฌ๊ฒจ์กŒ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
And 'underrate' means 'to place too small a valueย on something'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” '๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
Egyptian pharaohs were regardedย ย 
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์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์˜ ํŒŒ๋ผ์˜ค๋Š”
15:29
as gods, and spectacle, or making a big visualย impact, was an important part of this. Cleopatraย ย 
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์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์กŒ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ์ฆ‰ ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฐ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ๋Š”
15:37
was very skilled at making grand entrances.ย 
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ํ™”๋ คํ•œ ๋“ฑ์žฅ์— ๋งค์šฐ ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
Rolledย up in a carpet for Caesar, or dressed up as Venus
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Caesar๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์นดํŽซ์— ๋ง๋ ค ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:43
on board a shimmering golden barge for Markย Antony. He was a Roman politician and general.
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Mark Antony๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ˜์ง์ด๋Š” ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ์ƒ‰ ๋ฐ”์ง€์„ ์— ์˜ฌ๋ผ ๋น„๋„ˆ์Šค ๋ณต์žฅ์„ ํ•œ ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ์ •์น˜๊ฐ€์ด์ž ์žฅ๊ตฐ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:49
And even her death was spectacular. She andย Mark Antony had lost an important battle againstย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ˆˆ๋ถ€์…จ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€์™€ Mark Antony๋Š”
15:55
another Roman general, Octavian. Mark Antonyย had fatally wounded himself when he heard,ย ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋กœ๋งˆ ์žฅ๊ตฐ์ธ Octavian๊ณผ์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ „ํˆฌ์—์„œ ํŒจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆํฌ ์•ˆํ† ๋‹ˆ(Mark Antony)๋Š”
16:01
mistakenly, that Cleopatra was dead. But beforeย he died, he managed to get back to Cleopatra,ย ย 
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ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์น˜๋ช…์ƒ์„ ์ž…์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ทธ๋Š” ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์™”๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋Š”
16:08
who held him in her arms as he died in a family tomb. Then she decided to take her own life.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋ฌด๋ค์—์„œ ์ฃฝ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ํ’ˆ์— ์•ˆ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๋Š๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
You make it sound like a Shakespearean tragedy.
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์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด์˜ ๋น„๊ทน์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋„ค์š”.
16:18
Shakespeare did write a play about it. Nowย let's hear from Katherine Edwards, Professorย ย 
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์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด๋Š” ์ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํฌ๊ณก์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
16:23
of Classics and Ancient History at Birkbeck,ย University of London, about this tragic event:
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋ฒ„ํฌ๋ฒก ๊ณ ์ „ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ธ ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ ์—๋“œ์›Œ์ฆˆ(Katherine Edwards)๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด ๋น„๊ทน์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
She plans her own death in this very sort of calculatedย manner, a manner that also seems to focus onย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๊ด‘๊ฒฝ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:37
spectacle yet again. She takes her time, she hasย a feast, and then, you know, the figsโ€”the basketย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ ์ž”์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ์ธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌดํ™”๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌดํ™”๊ณผ ๋ฐ”๊ตฌ๋‹ˆ์—๋Š”
16:44
of figs arrives with the asp in it. Or was itย perhaps a poisoned hairpin? Thereโ€™s a certainย ย 
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๋…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋…์ด ๋ฌป์€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌํ•€์ด์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
16:49
amount of uncertainty about the exact method ofย her death. I think most sources prefer the snake.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ง ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์†Œ์‹ํ†ต์ด ๋ฑ€์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:56
So, Katherine Edwards says the detailsย surrounding Cleopatraโ€™s suicide arenโ€™tย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ ์—๋“œ์›Œ์ฆˆ๋Š” ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ์˜ ์ž์‚ด์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:01
clear. She may have used a snake to bite her,ย smuggled into her room in a basket of fruit,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฑ€์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ณผ์ผ ๋ฐ”๊ตฌ๋‹ˆ์— ๋ชฐ๋ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด์™€ ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์™”์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
17:07
but it may have been a poisoned hairpin or simplyย ย 
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๋…์ด ๋ฌป์€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌํ•€์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ
17:10
a cup of poison. But she did it in aย  calculated, or carefully planned, way.
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๋…์ด ๋“  ์ปต์ด์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹, ์ฆ‰ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณ„ํš๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:17
Okay, so the final curtain comesย  down on Cleopatra. But what aboutย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ง‰์ด ๋‚ด๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ
17:21
the answer to todayโ€™s quiz question, Sophie?
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์†Œํ”ผ?
17:24
Okay, I asked which country wasย  Cleopatra's family originally from.ย ย 
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์–ด๋Š ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ถœ์‹ ์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:29
Is it: A) Macedoniaย 
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A) ๋งˆ์ผ€๋„๋‹ˆ์•„
17:31
B) Ethiopia C) Egypt
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B) ์—ํ‹ฐ์˜คํ”ผ์•„ C) ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ
17:34
And I said Egypt, of course it is!
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
17:37
And that's the wrong answer, Neil. It's actuallyย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด์—์š”, ๋‹. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š”
17:42
A) Macedonia. Cleopatra was aย  member of the Ptolemaic dynasty,ย ย 
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A) ๋งˆ์ผ€๋„๋‹ˆ์•„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ๋Š”
17:47
a family of Macedonian Greek origin that ruledย Egypt after the death of Alexander the Great.
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์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋” ๋Œ€์™•์ด ์ฃฝ์€ ํ›„ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ต์น˜ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋งˆ์ผ€๋„๋‹ˆ์•„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์ถœ์‹  ๊ฐ€๋ฌธ์ธ ํ”„ํ†จ๋ ˆ๋งˆ์ด์˜ค์Šค ์™•์กฐ์˜ ์ผ์›์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:54
You learn something new every day.ย  Talking of which, here are the wordsย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งค์ผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:57
we learned in this program: the jury's outย on something, prominent, attributes, wily,ย ย 
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›๋‹จ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€, ํƒ์›”ํ•œ, ์†์„ฑ, ๊ตํ™œํ•œ,
18:05
sibling, ruthless, charisma, underrate,ย  spectacle, calculated. ย ย 
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ํ˜•์ œ์ž๋งค, ๋ฌด์ž๋น„ํ•จ, ์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ, ๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€, ๋ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋จ. ย ย  ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ
18:14
And that's the end of today's 6 Minute English. Don'tย forget to join us again soon. Goodbye!
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
18:27
Hello, this is 6 Minute Englishย from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
18:31
And I'm Beth. If you've everย tried growing vegetables,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋ฒ ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ผ์ฑ„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
18:34
you'll know it's not easy. They needย  water, soil, and plenty of sunlight. Plus,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ, ํ™, ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ํ–‡๋น›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
18:40
you have to keep away weeds andย  insects.
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์žก์ดˆ๋‚˜ ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ๋„ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:44
But in some countries,ย female farmers face a different problem growingย and selling vegetablesโ€”sexism, the mistreatmentย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ์•ผ์ฑ„๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ํŒ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋ณ„, ์ฆ‰
18:51
of one sex based on the belief that the other isย better, usually that men are better than women.
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ํ•œ์ชฝ ์„ฑ๋ณ„์ด ๋” ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ํ•™๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:58
According to the United Nations, over 40% ofย farmers globally are women, a number whichย ย 
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UN์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋†๋ฏผ์˜ 40% ์ด์ƒ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š”
19:05
rises to almost 50% in lower and middle-incomeย countries. Although these women manage farms,ย ย 
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์ €์†Œ๋“ ๋ฐ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์†Œ๋“ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 50%๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๋†์žฅ์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
19:13
look after crops, and sell their produceย at markets, female farmers face sexism inย ย 
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๋†์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ณ , ๋†์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์„ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ํŒ๋งคํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ  ์ง‘์— ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์€ ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋ณ„์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:18
societies where women are expectedย  to raise children and stay at home.
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.
19:23
In this program, we'll be digging intoย  ideas helping female farmers in Bangladeshย ย 
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ
19:28
and Peru to earn a fair price forย the food they grow. And as usual,ย ย 
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์™€ ํŽ˜๋ฃจ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด,
19:33
you'll be learning some usefulย new vocabulary as well. But first,ย ย 
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์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ €
19:37
I have a question for you, Beth. Accordingย to the UN's World Food Program, or WFP,ย ย 
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๋ฒ ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. UN์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹๋Ÿ‰๊ณ„ํš(WFP)์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด,
19:43
what is the world's most popular vegetable?ย Is it A) onions, B) tomatoes, or C) peppers?
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•ผ์ฑ„๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?ย  A) ์–‘ํŒŒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, B) ํ† ๋งˆํ† ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด C) ๊ณ ์ถ”์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
19:51
I think the answer is tomatoes.
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๋‹ต์€ ํ† ๋งˆํ† ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
19:53
Okay, Beth, I'll reveal theย answer later in the program.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, Beth. ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:56
Poppy farms a small garden in ruralย  Bangladesh where she grows cucumbers,ย ย 
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Poppy๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ ์‹œ๊ณจ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์ •์›์—์„œ ์˜ค์ด,
20:02
spinach, and okra. Although around half ofย Bangladeshi farmers are female, they're notย ย 
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์‹œ๊ธˆ์น˜, ์˜คํฌ๋ผ๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ ๋†๋ถ€์˜ ์•ฝ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
20:08
always welcome at the marketplace, where they faceย harassment or are underpaid for their produce. ย 
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์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ดด๋กญํž˜์„ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋†์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ™˜์˜๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:15
Now, Poppy has joined hundreds of other female farmersย using a new online app. The e-commerce platformย ย 
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์ด์ œ Poppy๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์•ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋ช…์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์ž์ƒ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์€
20:22
is called Farm to Go, and farmers can sellย their produce without revealing their identity,ย ย 
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Farm to Go๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋†๋ถ€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‹ ์›์„ ๋ฐํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋†์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์„ ํŒ๋งคํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
20:28
thereby getting a fairer price than at theย market. Here's Poppy telling more to Salman Sayeed,ย ย 
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์‹œ์žฅ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ Poppy๊ฐ€ BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ People Fix the World์˜ ๋ฆฌํฌํ„ฐ์ธ Salman Sayeed์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:35
a reporter for BBC World Serviceย  program People Fixing the World:
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20:44
Here we get more profit. For example, ifย we sell a product in the market at 30 taka,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์ต์„ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ 30ํƒ€์นด์— ํŒ๋งคํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
20:51
we can sell it here at 32 or 33 taka. That'sย  what makes us very happy. It also saves time,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 32ํƒ€์นด ๋˜๋Š” 33ํƒ€์นด์— ํŒ๋งคํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ
20:59
as after selling the product, we can come home andย ย 
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์ œํ’ˆ์„ ํŒ๋งคํ•œ ํ›„ ์ง‘์— ๋Œ์•„์™€
21:02
spend time with the families and canย  also work in the vegetable garden.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ…ƒ๋ฐญ์—์„œ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ์ ˆ์•ฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:07
Thirty-three taka is about 30 US cents. Withย 300 women currently using the app in Bangladesh,ย ย 
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33ํƒ€์นด๋Š” ๋ฏธํ™”๋กœ ์•ฝ 30์„ผํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์—์„œ 300๋ช…์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ด ์•ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
21:15
and while the three cents extra might sound small,ย over the course of the year as prices fluctuate,ย ย 
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3์„ผํŠธ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ผ๋…„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ณ€๋™ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
21:21
the WFP says the average monthly revenueย for each farmer using the app has risenย ย 
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WFP๋Š” ์•ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ ๋†๋ถ€์˜ ์›” ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜์ต์ด ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:28
dramatically. In the long run, theย  hope is that it will also be possibleย ย 
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. ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์„ฑ๋ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
21:33
to challenge and change attitudesย  around gender. But in the meantime,ย ย 
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ํƒœ๋„์— ๋„์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ
21:38
the extra money she makes per sale makesย a big difference to Poppy and her family.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํŒ๋งค๋กœ ๋ฒŒ์–ด๋“ค์ด๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ต์€ Poppy์™€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์—๊ฒŒ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:44
Although the app only increasesย  Poppy's profits a little, theyย ย 
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์•ฑ์€ Poppy์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„๋งŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ฌ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
21:47
soon add up because vegetable pricesย fluctuateโ€”they continually change,ย ย 
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์•ผ์ฑ„ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ณ€๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณง ํ•ฉ์‚ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ
21:52
moving up and down. According to the WFP,ย the incomes of farmers using the app haveย ย 
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์˜ค๋ฅด๋ฝ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. WFP์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์•ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋†๋ฏผ์˜ ์†Œ๋“์ด
21:58
risen dramaticallyโ€”they've increased suddenlyย and surprisingly.
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๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ฆ๊ฐ€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:02
That makes a big differenceย to Poppy. 'To make a big difference' is an idiomย meaning 'to significantly improve a situation'.
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์ด๋Š” Poppy์—๊ฒŒ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค'๋Š” '์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:12
It's good news for female farmers in Bangladesh,ย but problems continue in many other places,ย ย 
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๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํฌ์†Œ์‹์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:18
often because it's the man in the familyย who controls the household finances.
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๊ฐ€๊ณ„ ์žฌ์ •์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ค‘ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:24
Here, reporter Craig Langren explainsย a finance scheme helping femaleย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ Craig Langren ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š”
22:28
coffee growers in Peru to BBC Worldย  Service program People Fixing the World:
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BBC World ์„œ๋น„์Šค ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ People Fix the World๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŽ˜๋ฃจ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ปคํ”ผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋•๋Š” ์žฌ์ • ๊ณ„ํš์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:33
So I came across a project in Peru recently,ย and they're helping female coffee growers toย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ํŽ˜๋ฃจ์—์„œ ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ปคํ”ผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์ž๋“ค์ด
22:38
access finance. So how it works: it'sย  a type of savings and credit union,ย ย 
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์ž๊ธˆ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘๋™ ์›๋ฆฌ: ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ €์ถ• ๋ฐ ์‹ ์šฉ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ด๋ฉฐ,
22:43
and people living nearby can each chip in a smallย amount of money, which can then be accessed byย ย 
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๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ ์นฉ์— ์†Œ์•ก์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
22:48
a farmer if she needs a loan to, say, buy a newย bean processing machine or something like that.
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๋†๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ ์ฝฉ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ€์ถœ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ์นฉ์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ.
22:54
Female farmers in Peru have started a savings andย credit union. This is a kind of cooperative bankย ย 
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ํŽ˜๋ฃจ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ์ €์ถ• ๋ฐ ์‹ ์šฉ ์กฐํ•ฉ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
23:01
where members pool their savings together soย they can lend funds to each other. Each memberย ย 
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ํšŒ์›๋“ค์ด ์ €์ถ•ํ•œ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์•„ ์„œ๋กœ ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ๋นŒ๋ ค์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํ˜‘๋™์กฐํ•ฉ ์€ํ–‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ํšŒ์›์€
23:06
chips inโ€”everyone gives a small amountย of money to pay for something together.
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์นฉ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์†Œ์•ก์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:10
Getting back to vegetables, I think it'sย  time to reveal the answer to my question,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์•ผ์ฑ„ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ, ์ด์ œ ๋‚ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ธ ๋ฒ ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:15
Beth. According to the UN, what isย  the world's most popular vegetable?
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. UN์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•ผ์ฑ„๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
23:21
I guessed it was tomatoes.
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ํ† ๋งˆํ† ์ธ ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”.
23:23
Which was the correct answer.ย  Technically a fruit, nutritionistsย ย 
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์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผ์ผ์ธ ์˜์–‘ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
23:27
count a tomato as a vegetableโ€”in fact, theย most commonly used vegetable in the world.
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ํ† ๋งˆํ† ๋ฅผ ์•ผ์ฑ„๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์•ผ์ฑ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:33
Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned inย this program on female farmers battling sexism.ย ย 
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์ž, ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋ณ„๊ณผ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋†๋ถ€์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ย  ์ด๋Š”
23:39
That's the mistreatment of one sex basedย on the belief that the other one is better,ย ย 
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ํ•œ์ชฝ ์„ฑ๋ณ„์ด ๋” ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•œ์ชฝ ์„ฑ๋ณ„์„ ํ•™๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:44
usually that men are better thanย  women.
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.
23:47
If something fluctuates,ย it keeps changing, moving up and down.ย ย 
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๋™ํ•˜๋ฉดย ๊ณ„์† ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ„์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ์›€์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:54
'To rise dramatically' means 'to increaseย in a sudden and surprising way'.
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'๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” '๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:57
The idiom 'toย make a big difference' means 'to significantlyย improve a situation'.
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'ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋Š” '์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:02
A savings and creditย union is a cooperative bank where membersย ย 
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์ €์ถ•์‹ ์šฉ์กฐํ•ฉ์€ ํšŒ์›๋“ค์ด
24:05
pool their savings together so they canย borrow money from each other.
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์ €์ถ•ํ•œ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์•„์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ๋ˆ์„ ๋นŒ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜‘๋™์กฐํ•ฉ ์€ํ–‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:10
And finally, if you 'chip in', you contribute some money soย a group of you can pay for something together.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, '์นฉ์ธ'ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ˆ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:15
Once again, our six minutes are up.ย  Join us next time for more trendingย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, 6๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ 6 Minute English์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ธฐ
24:19
topics and useful vocabulary here atย  6 Minute English. Goodbye for now.
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์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š” . ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
24:24
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
24:31
Hello, this is 6 Minute English fromย  BBC Learning English. I'm Georgie.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:35
And I'm Beth. Menstruation is anย  issue that's not often talked about,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋ฒ ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›”๊ฒฝ์€ ์ž์ฃผ ๊ฑฐ๋ก ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ
24:41
yet every month it affects billions of womenย around the world. Menstruation, or periods,ย ย 
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค๋‹ฌ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋ช…์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›”๊ฒฝ ๋˜๋Š” ์›”๊ฒฝ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
24:47
are a natural process that typically happenย once a month when women and girls bleedย ย 
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์†Œ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‹ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋ฉฐ์น  ๋™์•ˆ ์งˆ์—์„œ ์ถœํ˜ˆ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:53
from their vagina for a few days as part ofย the reproductive cycle. When this happens,ย ย 
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. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
24:59
women need special products like sanitary pads orย tampons to manage the flow of blood and go aboutย their day-to-day life.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ํ˜ˆ์•ก์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋Œ€๋‚˜ ํƒํฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:07
Unfortunately, over 500ย million people around the world either don't haveย ย 
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์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ 5์–ต ๋ช…์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
25:12
access to these products or can't afford to buyย them, and this is called period poverty. Periodย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•  ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„
25:18
poverty has serious consequences. For example,ย girls on their periods not going to schoolย ย 
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๋นˆ๊ณค์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ƒ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์†Œ๋…€๋Š”
25:24
affects their education, and women who can't workย during their period have less income. What's more,ย ย 
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๊ต์œก์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ , ์ƒ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘์— ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์ˆ˜์ž…์ด ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
25:31
it can cause health problems because withoutย sanitary products, it's easy to get infections.
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์œ„์ƒ์šฉํ’ˆ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ๊ฐ์—ผ๋˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:37
In this program, we'll be learning about oneย project fighting period poverty affectingย ย 
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ช…์˜ ๋‚œ๋ฏผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋นˆ๊ณค ํ‡ด์น˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
25:42
thousands of women refugees, and of course, we'llย be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.ย ย 
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, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:49
But first, Georgie, I have a question for you.ย Periods affect girls and women of reproductiveย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ์กฐ์ง€, ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.ย  ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ž„๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋…€์™€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:55
ageโ€”that's roughly half the female population,ย or 26% of the global population. But how manyย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์•ฝ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜, ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 26%์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ
26:04
people is that? Is it A) 2.1 billion people, B)ย 2.3 billion people, or C) 2.5 billion people?
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? A) 21์–ต ๋ช…, B) 23์–ต ๋ช…, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด C) 25์–ต ๋ช…์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
26:14
I'll guess it's about 2.1 billion people.
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๋Œ€๋žต 21์–ต๋ช… ์ •๋„ ๋  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
26:18
Okay, Georgie, I will reveal theย  answer at the end of the program.
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, Georgie. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:22
Ella Lambert was a student at Bristolย  University when she started the Pachamamaย ย 
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Ella Lambert๋Š”
26:28
Project in 2020 during the first COVIDย  lockdown. She had heard about periodย ย 
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2020๋…„ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๋ด‰์‡„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ Pachamama ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋‹น์‹œ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ†จ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ•™์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฆฌ ๋นˆ๊ณค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
26:33
poverty and decided to put her lockdownย time to good use by making sanitary pads,ย ย 
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๋ด‰์‡„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๋ฆฌํ˜ˆ์„
26:39
pieces of soft material used to absorbย  menstrual blood. Here's Ella explainingย ย 
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ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ์†Œ์žฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
26:45
how her project got started to BBC Worldย Service program People Fixing the World:
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ People Fix the World์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ Ella๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:51
So I borrowed a sewing machine from a friend.ย I learned how to sew on YouTube, and then I justย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์žฌ๋ด‰ํ‹€์„ ๋นŒ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋Š์งˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋’ค, ์ด์ œ ๋ง‰
26:55
started making pads. And even now, to thisย day, I can't sew anything else, only pads.
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ํŒจ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฑด ๋ชป ๊ฟฐ๋งค๊ณ  ํŒจ๋“œ๋งŒ ๊ฟฐ๋งค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
27:02
Ella started making reusable sanitary pads,ย which aren't a new thing. They're made fromย ย 
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Ella๋Š” ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:08
absorbent fabrics such as fleece and cottonย sheets, which means that they can be usedย ย 
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์–‘ํ„ธ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฉด ์‹œํŠธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํก์ˆ˜์„ฑ ์ง๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
27:13
over and over again after they're washed,ย unlike disposable pads.
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์ผํšŒ์šฉ ํŒจ๋“œ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์„ธํƒ ํ›„์—๋„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:17
Ella spent lockdownย learning how to sewโ€”how to join piecesย of material by hand using a needle andย ย 
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Ella๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š์งˆ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ์ฆ‰ ๋ฐ”๋Š˜๊ณผ ์‹ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์žฌ๋ด‰ํ‹€์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ ๋ด‰์‡„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:24
thread or with a sewing machine. In fact,ย Ella was so focused on sewing sanitary padsย ย 
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. ์‚ฌ์‹ค Ella๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋Œ€ ๋ฐ”๋Š์งˆ์—๋งŒ ์ „๋…ํ•˜์—ฌ
27:30
she didn't make anything else, and to thisย day pads are the only thing she knows howย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ , ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋Š์งˆํ•  ์ค„ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋Œ€๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:36
to sew. Ella uses the phrase 'to this day' toย say 'up to and including the present moment'.
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. Ella๋Š” '์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 'ํ˜„์žฌ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€'๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:44
Sanitary pads aren't easy to make. The outerย layer has to be soft because it touches the skin,ย ย 
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์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ์ธต์€ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์— ๋‹ฟ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์•ผ
27:51
but they also need to be absorbentโ€”able to soakย up liquids like blood and hold them. What's more,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜ˆ์•ก๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์•ก์ฒด๋ฅผ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ด์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํก์ˆ˜์„ฑ๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
27:58
Ella designed her pads to be washed and usedย again, unlike most sanitary pads bought in shops,ย ย 
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Ella๋Š” ์ƒ์ ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋Œ€์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ํŒจ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์”ป์–ด์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋””์ž์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:05
which are disposableโ€”designed to beย  thrown away after they've been used.
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์ด๋Š” ์ผํšŒ์šฉ์ด๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ํ›„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:10
Ella's network of volunteers sewingย  reusable sanitary pads grew, and to date,ย ย 
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Ella์˜ ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋Š์งˆํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋Š” ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€
28:16
the Pachamama Project has donated tens ofย thousands of period products to refugeesย ย 
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Pachamama ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š”
28:22
fleeing conflict in Syria, Turkey, andย  Lebanon, as well as women here in the UK.ย ย 
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์‹œ๋ฆฌ์•„, ํ„ฐํ‚ค, ๋ ˆ๋ฐ”๋…ผ์˜ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์„ ํ”ผํ•ด ๋„๋ง์น˜๋Š” ๋‚œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ์šฉํ’ˆ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:28
Plus, the project is helping in other waysย too. Despite affecting so many people andย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ 
28:34
being necessary for life itself, many culturesย consider menstruation unclean or shamefulโ€”notย ย 
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์‚ถ ์ž์ฒด์— ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ถŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์›”๊ฒฝ์„ ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ถˆ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:42
a topic of polite conversation. But Ellaย  thinks her project is giving refugees theย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Ella๋Š”
28:49
confidence to talk about periods, as she toldย BBC World Service's People Fixing the World:
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BBC World Service์˜ People Fix the World์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:56
I have seen such major change in suchย a short, short period of time. Likeย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์งง๊ณ  ์งง์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:01
the women originally who were distributingย the pads would barely even speak about it,ย ย 
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์›๋ž˜ ํŒจ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐํฌํ•˜๋˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ง์กฐ์ฐจ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
29:04
and we had it behind a curtain.ย And now they'll chat away aboutย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ปคํŠผ ๋’ค์— ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
29:08
the pads with their male colleagues,ย  anyone that comes into the shop.
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๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚จ์ž ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํŒจ๋“œ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:11
Before, most women refugees wouldย  barely talk about menstruationโ€”theyย ย 
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์ด์ „์—๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋‚œ๋ฏผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์›”๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
29:16
would only just scarcely talk about it.ย  But now, they're happily chatting away,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ฉฐ
29:22
passing the time talking to otherย  women and even to male colleagues.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ฉฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
29:26
I think it's time I revealed theย  answer to my question. As a number,ย ย 
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๋‚ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆซ์ž๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด,
29:31
how many women make up the 26% of theย world's population who menstruate?
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์›”๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 26%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
29:37
I said it was 2.1 billion people.
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21์–ต ๋ช…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
29:40
Which was the correct answer.
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์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:43
Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learnedย in this program, starting with the verb 'toย sew'
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์ž, ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ '๋ฐ”๋Š์งˆํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
29:48
โ€”to join material together using a needleย and thread, either by hand or with a sewingย machine.
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์†์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ์žฌ๋ด‰ํ‹€์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ”๋Š˜๊ณผ ์‹ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:55
The phrase 'to this day' means 'up toย  and including the present moment'.
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'์˜ค๋Š˜๊นŒ์ง€'๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ' ํ˜„์žฌ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:00
The adjective 'absorbent' means 'able to soak up and holdย liquid'.
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'ํก์ˆ˜์ œ'๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '์•ก์ฒด๋ฅผ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ด์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:05
And the adjective 'disposable' meansย 'designed to be thrown away after use'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์ผํšŒ์šฉ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ›„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋œ ๊ฒƒ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:11
If youย barely do something, you only just do it by theย smallest amount.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„์ฃผ ์ ์€ ์–‘๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:16
And finally, 'to chat away' meansย 'to pass the time by talking a lot with someone'
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 'to chataway'๋Š” '๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์™€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ฉฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ธ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:21
Once again, our six minutes are up. We hope you'llย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, 6๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:24
join us again next time here atย 6 Minute English. Bye for now.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฒˆ 6 Minute English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
30:28
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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