Trumpโ€™s tariffs: BBC Learning English from the News

6,443 views ใƒป 2025-02-05

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
From BBC Learning English,
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BBC Learning English์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
00:02
this is Learning English from the News -
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š”
00:05
our podcast about the news headlines.
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ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‰ด์Šค ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
In this programme -
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ๋Š”
00:08
Trump's tariffs.
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
Hello, I'm Beth. And I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” ๋ฒ ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
00:16
In this programme, we look at one big news story
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ํ•˜๋‚˜
00:19
and the vocabulary in the headlines that will help you understand it.
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์™€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ ์† ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ์˜
00:23
You can find all the vocabulary and headlines
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๋ชจ๋“  ์–ดํœ˜ ์™€ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ,
00:25
from this episode as well as a worksheet on our website,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์›Œํฌ์‹œํŠธ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ bbclearningenglish.com์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
bbclearningenglish.com
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00:31
So let's hear all about this story.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ .
00:38
US President Donald Trump has started imposing tariffs
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๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‚ฐ ์ˆ˜์ž…ํ’ˆ์— ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:42
on imports into the USA.
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.
00:45
Tariffs make imports more expensive - a cost which is often passed on
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๊ด€์„ธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ž…ํ’ˆ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์€ ์ข…์ข… ์ˆ˜์ž… ์ œํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
00:49
to consumers who have to pay more for imported products.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๊ฐ€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:53
Now, Donald Trump has imposed 10% tariffs on all Chinese imports
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์ด์ œ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ค‘๊ตญ ์ œํ’ˆ์— 10% ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:58
into the US.
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.
00:59
He says the Chinese tariffs are a response to the economic situation
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์‘์ด๋ฉฐ
01:03
between the two countries and to help stop drugs coming into the US,
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, ๋งˆ์•ฝ์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:07
which he partly blames on China.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์ค‘๊ตญ์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
Now, China has said that in response, they will add tariffs
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์ด์ œ ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ์ด์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•ด
01:13
onto some American goods.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ƒํ’ˆ์— ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
Trump has also threatened to impose 25% tariffs on Canada and Mexico,
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์™€ ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์— 25% ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
01:20
but these have been suspended,
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์ด๋Š”
01:21
that means delayed, for 30 days.
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30์ผ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘๋‹จ, ์ฆ‰ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
So let's have our first headline.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
This is from MSN:
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MSN์—์„œ ์˜จ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜์ž
01:28
China announces tit-for-tat tariffs as US levies come into effect.
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์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ๋ณด๋ณต ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:33
That headline again from MSN: China announces tit-for-tat tariffs
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MSN์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ๋ณด๋ณต ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•จ
01:39
as US levies come into effect.
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.
01:41
So this headline says China has announced its own tariffs
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€
01:45
as the US tariffs come into effect,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ด€์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœํšจ๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ค‘๊ตญ๋„ ์ž์ฒด ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:48
that means start, in China.
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. ์ฆ‰, ์ค‘๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ด€์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœํšจ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
And we're interested in this expression tit for tat.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด '์ด์น˜์— ์ด์น˜'๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
It's a funny little phrase, Beth,
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์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์ธ๋ฐ์š”, ๋ฒ ์Šค.
01:55
but what does it mean?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
01:56
Tit for tat. OK,
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด๋ณต. ์ข‹์•„์š”,
01:58
so this expression describes the following situation:
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
Someone does something bad to someone else,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์œ ์ง“์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด,
02:04
so that person then does something bad in response.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์‘์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์œ ์ง“์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
It's retaliation.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณด๋ณต์ด์—์š”.
02:10
Yes. So it's something done intentionally to punish others
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์˜ˆ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ์ง“์„ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด์ฃ 
02:13
because they've done something unpleasant to you.
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.
02:16
So it's used in this headline to mean that China has imposed tariffs
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ œ๋ชฉ์—์„œ๋Š”
02:21
on US goods, simply because Trump has imposed tariffs on Chinese goods.
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๊ตญ ์ƒํ’ˆ์— ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ƒํ’ˆ์— ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
They've announced their own tariffs in retaliation.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณด๋ณต์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
It's tit for tat.
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์ด๋Š” ์ด์—๋Š” ์ด์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Now this expression reminds me of being a child, Beth.
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋„ค์š” , ๋ฒ ์Šค.
02:35
If my sister pushed me around, I pushed her back.
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์–ธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ€๋ฉด, ๋‚˜๋„ ์–ธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ƒˆ์–ด์š”.
02:38
It was tit for tat.
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์ด๋Š” ์ด์น˜์— ๋งž์„  ๋Œ€์‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
And, Neil, I noticed that you didn't make me a coffee this morning
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๋‹, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ‰์†Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋“์—ฌ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์ฑ˜์–ด
02:43
like you normally do.
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.
02:45
I think it's tit for tat because I forgot to make you one yesterday.
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์–ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นœ๋นกํ•ด์„œ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋ณด๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์…ˆ์ธ๊ฐ€ ๋ด์š”.
02:48
Absolutely.
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์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ.
02:53
We've had tit for tat, which describes an action done as retaliation.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด๋ณต์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” '์ด์น˜ํฌ์ดํŠธ(tit for tat)'๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:58
For example, you ate the last biscuit,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋น„์Šคํ‚ท์„ ๋จน์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:00
so I'm going to eat your piece of cake.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ผ€์ดํฌ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋จน์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑด
03:02
That's tit for tat.
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์ด์น˜์— ๋งž๋Š” ๋ง์ด์•ผ.
03:06
This is Learning English from The News, our podcast about the news headlines.
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๋‰ด์Šค ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์ธ '๋‰ด์Šค๋กœ ์˜์–ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
Today we're talking about the tariffs imposed by Donald Trump.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•œ ๊ด€์„ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
Donald Trump first talked about imposing tariffs on other countries
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๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์šด๋™์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:19
in his election campaign.
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.
03:21
And our next headline is about that.
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๋‹ค์Œ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€ ์ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
And this is from CNN: As Trump's tariff pledge comes due,
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CNN์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ ๊ณต์•ฝ์ด ๋งŒ๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:29
he vows to follow through on key campaign promise
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ณต์•ฝ์„ ์ดํ–‰ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„œ์•ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
And that headline again from CNN: As Trump's tariff pledge comes due,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ CNN์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ ๊ณต์•ฝ์ด ๋งŒ๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:38
he vows to follow through on key campaign promise
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ณต์•ฝ์„ ์ดํ–‰ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„œ์•ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
This headline is talking about Trump's election campaign promise
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์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€
03:47
ย  to impose tariffs.
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๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ณต์•ฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
He said he's going to do it, and now he is doing it.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
He's following through on his promise.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์•ฝ์†์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
And follow through on is what we're looking at.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์ด์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
Neil, what can you tell us?
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๋‹, ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์”€์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
03:58
Now, if you follow through on something, you do something until it's completed.
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์ด์ œ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•ด๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
For example, if you promise to help someone and you follow through
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋•๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•ฝ์† ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:06
on your promise, then you help until your help isn't needed anymore.
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์•ฝ์†์„ ์ง€์ผฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๋„์›€์ด ๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์† ๋•๋Š” ์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '
04:10
Now, follow through on is most commonly used with promises
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์‹ค์ฒœ
04:14
or things you say you're going to do.
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ํ•œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋ง์€ ์•ฝ์†์ด๋‚˜ ํ•  ๋ง์„ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
For example, my manager has said I might get a pay rise soon
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ œ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ œ ๊ธ‰์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณง ์ธ์ƒ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ณ 
04:20
and I hope she follows through on it.
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, ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ๊ผญ ์ดํ–‰ํ•ด ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
Good luck with that. It's also possible to change 'on' for 'with',
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ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋นŒ์–ด์š”. 'on'์„ 'with'๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
04:27
or to drop the preposition completely
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04:29
if it's obvious what you are following through on.
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
So you promise to make me a cake and I hope you follow through.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•ฝ์†ํ•ด . ์ง€์ผœ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ.
04:37
Now, Neil, this is a serious story about economic tariffs,
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๋‹, ์ด๊ฑด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ด€์„ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ธ๋ฐ,
04:41
and you're talking about cake.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ผ€์ดํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
04:43
Imposing tariffs and making cake are quite different things.
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๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
They are. But it demonstrates how we can use follow through
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ด€์„ธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ
04:50
for everyday things as well as serious topics like tariffs.
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๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ผ์—๋„ ํ›„์† ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:56
We've had follow through on - fulfil a promise.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ฝ์†์„ ์ดํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํ›„์† ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
For example he said he'll give me his prawn curry recipe.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒˆ์šฐ ์นด๋ ˆ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
I hope he follows through on it because it's so tasty.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ง›์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ผญ ์‹ค์ฒœํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”. ๋‰ด์Šค ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ
05:09
This is Learning English
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05:10
from the News, our podcast about the news headlines. Today,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์ธ '๋‰ด์Šค๋กœ ์˜์–ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ค๋Š˜์€
05:14
we're talking about Trump's tariffs.
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
Now, according to some, the threat of tariffs has actually worked.
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์ผ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ด€์„ธ ์œ„ํ˜‘์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
Trump has threatened governments like Canada and Mexico
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์™€ ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ” ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ •๋ถ€์—
05:25
into doing what he wants.
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์ž์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
Since Mexico and Canada were threatened with tariffs,
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๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์™€ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์„ธ ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ดํ›„,
05:30
both have agreed to stricter border security and are taking bigger steps
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๋‘ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ ๋ณด์•ˆ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์˜ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
05:34
to address drug trafficking, specifically the drug fentanyl.
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๋งˆ์•ฝ ๋ฐ€๋งค, ํŠนํžˆ ํŽœํƒ€๋‹์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ํฐ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
And this is exactly what Trump wanted.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ์›ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
So our next headline comes from The Telegraph in the UK,
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๋‹ค์Œ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ํ…”๋ ˆ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์—์„œ ์˜จ
05:45
and it is: Trump's tariffs are already bearing fruit
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๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์—ด๋งค๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
05:50
And that headline again: Trump's tariffs are already bearing fruit
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ทธ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€, ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์—ด๋งค๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ธ๋ฐ,
05:54
and that is from the Telegraph in the UK.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ํ…”๋ ˆ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์—์„œ ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
Now this headline says Trump's tariffs are bearing fruit,
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์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
06:00
and that's the expression we're going to look at.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
What do tariffs have to do with apples, bananas and other fruit, Beth?
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๊ด€์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ, ๋ฐ”๋‚˜๋‚˜, ๊ทธ ๋ฐ–์˜ ๊ณผ์ผ๊ณผ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”, ๋ฒ ์Šค?
06:08
Well, literally, if a tree bears fruit, meaning produces fruit,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฌธ์ž ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋งค๋ฅผ ๋งบ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด , ์ฆ‰ ์—ด๋งค๋ฅผ ๋งบ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:13
then that's a good thing.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด์—์š”.
06:15
But in this headline, the expression is used metaphorically.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ œ๋ชฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์€์œ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
If something bears fruit, then it produces successful results.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋งค๋ฅผ ๋งบ์œผ๋ฉด ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
Yes. So, according to the headline,
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์˜ˆ. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ œ๋ชฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
06:24
Trump's tariffs are already producing successful results for Trump.
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์—๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
That's because since the tariffs, Mexico and Canada have agreed
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๊ด€์„ธ ์ดํ›„ ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์™€ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€
06:33
to what Donald Trump wanted.
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๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์— ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
So his tariffs are bearing fruit.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
Now, we can use bear fruit in other situations.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„ 'bear fruit'์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:40
If you study hard, you want that effort to bear fruit -
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฒฐ์‹ค์„ ๋งบ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
06:44
you want good results.
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์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ฃ .
06:45
Yes. Now a note on this verb bear -
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์˜ˆ. ์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ bear์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋‘์„ธ์š”. ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”
06:48
it is irregular.
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
So the past simple form is bore and the past participle is borne.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์€ bore ์ด๊ณ  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌํ˜•์€ borne์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
For example, practicing for interviews bore fruit -
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฉด์ ‘ ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ๊ฒฐ์‹ค์„ ๋งบ์–ด
06:58
she got the job.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
Now, a similar expression to bear fruit is pay off.
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์ด์ œ, ์—ด๋งค๋ฅผ ๋งบ๋‹ค์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ pay off๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
And at the moment we can see lots of headlines saying
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
07:06
that Trump's tariffs are paying off for him -
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์ต์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์™€ ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์—์„œ
07:09
they've achieved what he wanted in Canada and Mexico.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ  .
07:12
They're bearing fruit.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ด๋งค๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:16
We looked at bearing fruit, getting a positive result. For example,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ด๋งค๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ณ  ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
07:21
Finally, my hard work at university is bearing fruit and I've got a job.
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฐ์‹ค์„ ๋งบ์–ด ์ทจ์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
That's it for this episode of Learning English from the News.
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๋‰ด์Šค๋กœ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
We'll be back next week with another news story.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์—๋„ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
You've just learned some English from the news,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ฐฐ์› ์ง€๋งŒ ,
07:36
but have you ever thought about learning English from music?
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์Œ์•…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
07:39
We have a new series, My Song, My Home, where you can listen
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07:43
to people's songs and learn about the places they come from.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” '๋‚˜์˜ ๋…ธ๋ž˜, ๋‚˜์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
Find it in your podcast app or visit our website: bbclearningenglish.com
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ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ ์•ฑ์—์„œ ์ฐพ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ(bbclearningenglish.com)๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
07:52
That's right, just search for Learning English Conversations.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Learning English Conversations๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:55
And don't forget to follow us on social media as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” .
07:58
Find us at BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English์—์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:01
Bye for now. Bye.
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์ด์ œ ์•ˆ๋…•. ์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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