Grammar: 5 different ways to use 'wish' in English

149,066 views ใƒป 2016-12-05

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:02
I wish I wish I wish I wish I wish!
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๋ฐ”๋ž˜ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜!
00:07
Oh! It only works if you know the grammar rules!
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์˜ค! ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
00:11
I completely forgot.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์žŠ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
So here is the complete 'wish'.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์™„์ „ํ•œ '์†Œ์›'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
Wish has five uses in English and today we're going to cover them all.
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Wish๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ทธ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
Are you ready?
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์ค€๋น„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:23
Go!
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๊ฐ€๋‹ค!
00:28
This is the most common form of wish.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์†Œ์›์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
It's when we wish for a situation in the present or past to change, but we know that it can't
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‚˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ์ง€๋งŒ
00:35
change because it's impossible.
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
I wish I were taller (because I am not tall) Or: I wish I had eaten ice-cream for breakfast
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ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ปธ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”(ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ) ๋˜๋Š”: ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ
00:41
this morning (because I didn't eat ice cream for breakfast this morning).
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(์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ).
00:45
I wish I were taller is an example of a present wish.
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ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ์ปธ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์†Œ์›์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:48
It is 'wish' plus the past simple.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '์†Œ์›'์— ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์„ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์ •๋ฒ• ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:50
We often use 'were' instead of 'was' for all pronouns because of the subjunctive.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด 'was' ๋Œ€์‹  'were'๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:54
I could also say:
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค:
00:55
I wish I knew how to speak Chinese (because I don't know how to speak Chinese.)
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค(์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.) ์˜ค๋Š˜
01:01
I wish I had eaten ice-cream for breakfast this morning is an example of a past wish.
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์•„์นจ์— ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์†Œ์›์˜ ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
This morning is a past time; we make a past wish.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์€ ์ง€๋‚œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์†Œ์›์„ ๋นŒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:08
'Wish' is followed by the past perfect, which is had plus the past participle.
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'Wish' ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๊ณ  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋”ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
That indicates true past time.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
Did you get it?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:29
Another common form of wish is to use 'wish' plus would plus the bare infinitive.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ wish๋Š” 'wish'์— would๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
And this is often in regards to other people and our irritation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข…์ข… ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์งœ์ฆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
For example:
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์˜ˆ:
01:38
I wish you would make the bed!
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์นจ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ •๋ˆํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
01:40
This is a present wish, but unlike the wishes I discussed before, this wish means I believe
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์†Œ์›์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด์ „์— ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ ์†Œ์›๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ์ด ์†Œ์›์€
01:46
you can change and something can be done.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
Compare:
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๋น„๊ต:
01:50
I wish you would make the bed, means I think you can, but you don't, so please do.
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์นจ๋Œ€ ์ •๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:56
I wish you made the bed means you don't and I don't think you ever will so
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I wish you made the bed๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ณ  I don't think you ever will so
02:10
It is extremely uncommon to use a first person 'I' in this form of wish.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์†Œ์›์— 1์ธ์นญ '๋‚˜'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทนํžˆ ๋“œ๋ฌธ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
This is because we have control over our own actions, so to say:
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ฆ‰, "
02:19
I wish I would stop talking, means I want to stop talking, and I believe I can stop
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๋ง์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋ง์€ ๋ง์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ณ  ๋ง์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์œผ๋‹ˆ
02:23
talking, so why don't I?
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์™œ ์•ˆ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
02:34
However, in terms of an illness or an addiction, this form is fine.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด๋‚˜ ์ค‘๋…์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
When I say 'I wish I would stop smoking' it means 'I don't want to smoke anymore, but
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ '๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋Š์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋ง์€ '๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘๋…๋˜์–ด์„œ
02:44
I can't stop because I'm addicted.'
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๋Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
Someone give me a cigarette!
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ ์ข€ ์ค˜!
02:50
Did you get it?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:56
Wish followed by the full infinitive is a formal way of saying want.
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์ „์ฒด ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์†Œ์›์€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
It's not very common, and only used in special circumstances, for example, when you want
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๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ํ”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ณต์†ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:04
to make a polite formal complaint.
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๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ถˆํ‰์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
For example: I wish to see the manager.
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์˜ˆ: ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฒจ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:09
We can also use wish followed by 'for' to attach an object that you want.
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'for' ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” wish๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:14
And this is most often used in the circumstances of magic.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:18
For example: I wish for a pizza.
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์˜ˆ: ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
Got it?
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”?
03:33
We can use the verb wish followed by two objects, the first of which is most often a pronoun,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:38
to send 'good vibrations' to somebody.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ '์ข‹์€ ์ง„๋™'์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์ฃผ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ๋’ค์— ๋™์‚ฌ wish๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
This is more common than hope and it is used in fixed phrases such as:
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํฌ๋ง๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณ ์ • ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
I wish you luck for your exam tomorrow.
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๋‚ด์ผ ์‹œํ—˜์— ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋น•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
Or: We wish you a merry Christmas.
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๋˜๋Š”: ๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
Got it?
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”?
04:01
This is a trick, because apart from sending good vibrations, as mentioned before, we cannot
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์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ง„๋™์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์™ธ์—๋Š”
04:06
use the verb 'wish' in this way.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ 'wish'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠธ๋ฆญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
We need another verb, and the verb is 'hope'.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'ํฌ๋ง'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
And this is usually followed by 'will' plus the infinitive.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณดํ†ต 'will'๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:14
So, for example:
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด:
04:16
I hope you will pass your exam.
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์‹œํ—˜์— ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
Got it?
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”?
04:27
Did you get it?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:28
Of course you got it!
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค!
04:29
Now for more information please log on to bbclearningenglish.com.
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์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด bbclearningenglish.com์— ๋กœ๊ทธ์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค .
04:32
I've been Dan, you've been fantastic.
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๋‚˜๋Š” Dan์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
I hope to see you next time, ok?
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
04:36
Now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ.
04:40
I wish I wish I wish I wish I wish!
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๋ฐ”๋ž˜ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜!
04:45
It works
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์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ํ•˜
04:46
Hahahaha!
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ํ•˜ํ•˜ํ•˜!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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