Grammar Challenge: Simple passives

39,515 views ・ 2024-02-27

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hello. The programme you're about to listen to
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. μ§€κΈˆ λ“€μœΌμ‹œλ €λŠ” ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€
00:02
was first broadcast on the BBC Learning English website in 2008.
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2008λ…„ BBC Learning English μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈμ—μ„œ 처음 λ°©μ†‘λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:07
For more English language learning programmes and podcasts,
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더 λ§Žμ€ μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨κ³Ό 팟캐슀트λ₯Ό 보렀면
00:11
search for BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning Englishλ₯Ό κ²€μƒ‰ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
00:14
Welcome to Grammar Challenge from BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC Learning English dot com의 Grammar Challenge에 μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
Let's meet this week's challenger.
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이번주 λ„μ „μžλ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚˜λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
Hello, my name is Jin.
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”, 제 이름은 μ§„μ΄μ—μš”.
00:27
I'm a student. I am studying electronic engineering at university in Croydon.
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λ‚˜λŠ” ν•™μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ €λŠ” Croydon λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ μ „μžκ³΅ν•™μ„ κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:32
???
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???
00:34
My grammar is better speaking.
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λ‚΄ 문법은 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것이 더 μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
Right now, we're going to listen to two short audio clips.
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μ§€κΈˆ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 두 개의 짧은 μ˜€λ””μ˜€ 클립을 λ“€μ–΄λ³Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:49
In the clips, Helen is talking about a bank robbery that happened last week.
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μ˜μƒμ—μ„œ ν—¬λ Œμ€ μ§€λ‚œ 주에 λ°œμƒν•œ 은행 강도 사건에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
Listen carefully and then tell me is she saying the same thing in the two clips
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잘 λ“£κ³  κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 두 μ˜μƒμ—μ„œ 같은 말을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€,
01:00
or is she saying something different?
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ 말을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ 말해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”. μ–΄μ œ
01:05
Did you hear about the bank robbery yesterday?
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은행 강도 사건에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ“€μ—ˆλ‚˜μš” ?
01:07
Yes, I did.
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그래, λ‚΄κ°€ ν–ˆμ–΄.
01:09
The robbers stole over Β£20,000.
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강도듀은 Β£20,000 이상을 ν›”μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–΄μ œ
01:13
Did you hear about the bank robbery yesterday?
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은행 강도 사건에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ“€μ—ˆλ‚˜μš” ?
01:16
Yes, I did.
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그래, λ‚΄κ°€ ν–ˆμ–΄.
01:17
Over Β£20,000 was stolen.
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Β£ 20,000 이상이 λ„λ‚œλ‹Ήν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:23
OK, so did Helen say the same thing twice or was it,
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ ν—¬λ Œμ΄ 같은 말을 두 번 ν–ˆλ‚˜μš”, μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄
01:26
did she say two different things?
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두 가지 λ‹€λ₯Έ 말을 ν–ˆλ‚˜μš”?
01:29
It's different.
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그것은 λ‹€λ₯΄λ‹€.
01:30
The first one is, I think, active sentence and the second one is passive form.
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첫 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” λŠ₯λ™ν˜•μ΄κ³ , 두 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” μˆ˜λ™ν˜•μΈ 것 κ°™μ•„μš”.
01:36
Well, let's go over to our grammar expert, Catherine,
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자,
01:39
to find out if you're right.
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당신이 μ˜³μ€μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 문법 전문가인 Catherineμ—κ²Œ κ°€λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:43
Hi, Jin, well done.
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš” μ§„λ‹˜, 잘 μ§€λ‚΄μš”.
01:46
The two dialogues had the same meaning, but the grammar was slightly different.
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두 λŒ€ν™”μ˜ μ˜λ―ΈλŠ” κ°™μ•˜ μ§€λ§Œ 문법이 μ•½κ°„ λ‹¬λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
Helen said the robbers stole over Β£20,000 in the first one,
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ν—¬λ Œμ€ 강도듀이 첫 번째 κ°•λ„μ—μ„œλŠ” Β£20,000 이상을 훔쳀지
01:58
but in the second one, she said over Β£20,000 was stolen.
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만, 두 번째 κ°•λ„μ—μ„œλŠ” Β£20,000 이상을 ν›”μ³€λ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
So, what's the difference between active and passive simple tense sentences?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ λŠ₯λ™ν˜• λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œ λ¬Έμž₯κ³Ό μˆ˜λ™ν˜• λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œ λ¬Έμž₯의 차이점은 λ¬΄μ—‡μΈκ°€μš”?
02:12
Well, an active sentence has a subject, verb and object, in that order.
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λŠ₯λ™ν˜• λ¬Έμž₯μ—λŠ” μ£Όμ–΄, 동사, λͺ©μ μ–΄μ˜ μˆœμ„œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:19
Here's Helen.
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μ—¬κΈ° ν—¬λ Œμ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
The robbers stole over Β£20,000.
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강도듀은 Β£20,000 이상을 ν›”μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:24
So, subject β€” the robbers.
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μ£Όμ œλŠ” κ°•λ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
Past simple verb β€” stole.
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κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ 동사 - ν›”μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
And object β€” Β£20,000.
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그리고 λ°˜λŒ€ - Β£ 20,000.
02:36
But, if we want, we can put the object at the beginning of the sentence, like this.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ›ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ¬Έμž₯의 μ‹œμž‘ 뢀뢄에 λͺ©μ μ–΄λ₯Ό 넣을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:43
Over Β£20,000 was stolen.
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Β£ 20,000 이상이 λ„λ‚œλ‹Ήν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:47
Now, this is a passive sentence, in a simple tense, and it works like this.
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자, 이것은 λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œμ˜ μˆ˜λ™νƒœ λ¬Έμž₯이고, μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μž‘λ™ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:53
The object goes first.
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물건이 λ¨Όμ € κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
Then, the verb 'to be' β€” present or past,
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그런 λ‹€μŒ 동사 'to be' β€” ν˜„μž¬ λ˜λŠ” κ³Όκ±°, 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄
02:59
for example, 'is', 'was', 'were', et cetera.
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'is', 'was', 'were' 등이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
After that, you need the past participle of the verb.
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κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ—λŠ” λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 과거뢄사가 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
In Helen's sentence, the verb is 'steal', so it's 'steal', 'stole', 'stolen'.
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ν—¬λ Œμ˜ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 'ν›”μΉ˜λ‹€' μ΄λ―€λ‘œ 'ν›”μΉ˜λ‹€', 'ν›”μΉ˜λ‹€', 'ν›”μΉ˜λ‹€'κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:15
Listen again.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ“€μ–΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
03:17
Over Β£20,000 was stolen.
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Β£ 20,000 이상이 λ„λ‚œλ‹Ήν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
Did you catch it? Object, verb to be, past participle.
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μž‘μ•˜λ‚˜μš”? λͺ©μ μ–΄, 동사, 과거뢄사.
03:28
This is a passive sentence in the simple past.
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이것은 λ‹¨μˆœκ³Όκ±°μ˜ μˆ˜λ™νƒœ λ¬Έμž₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:33
But where's the subject?
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그런데 μ£Όμ œλŠ” 어디에 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
03:35
Well, you can add it to the end of the sentence like this.
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그럼, μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ¬Έμž₯ 끝에 μΆ”κ°€ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:39
Over Β£20,000 was stolen by the robbers.
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강도듀은 Β£20,000 이상을 ν›”μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
OK, that's all from me.
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μ•Œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „λΆ€ μ œκ°€ ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
Good luck with your grammar challenge!
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문법 도전에 ν–‰μš΄μ„ λΉ•λ‹ˆλ‹€!
03:51
β€” Are you ready for the Grammar Challenge? β€” Yes.
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β€” 문법 μ±Œλ¦°μ§€μ— μ°Έκ°€ν•  μ€€λΉ„κ°€ λ˜μ…¨λ‚˜μš”? - 예.
03:54
I'm gonna say a sentence in the active form
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μ œκ°€ λŠ₯λ™νƒœλ‘œ λ¬Έμž₯을 말할 ν…Œλ‹ˆ
03:57
and I want you to give it to me in the passive form.
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당신이 μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ‘œ κ·Έ λ¬Έμž₯을 μ „ν•΄ μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
04:00
β€” OK. β€” So, for example, if I say the sentence,
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- μ’‹μ•„μš”. β€” 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λ‚΄κ°€
04:04
'the BBC makes Grammar Challenge',
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'BBCκ°€ 문법 도전을 λ§Œλ“ λ‹€'λΌλŠ” λ¬Έμž₯을 λ§ν•˜λ©΄
04:07
you could say,
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04:08
'Grammar Challenge is made by the BBC'. OK.
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'문법 도전은 BBCκ°€ λ§Œλ“ λ‹€'라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”.
04:13
How about, 'lots of people visit the park every year'?
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'맀년 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 곡원을 μ°ΎλŠ”λ‹€'λŠ” μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”? μ—°λ„λ³„λ‘œ
04:19
The park is visited
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곡원을 λ°©λ¬Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:23
by the year...
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...
04:24
β€” By the year? β€” No, I...
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β€” μ—°λ„λ³„λ‘œ? β€” μ•„λ‹ˆμš”, μ €λŠ”...
04:27
The park is visited every year by lots of people.
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맀년 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 곡원을 λ°©λ¬Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
Excellent.
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ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ.
04:32
'The park is visited by lots of people every year'
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' 맀년 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 곡원을 λ°©λ¬Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
04:36
or 'the park is visited every year by lots of people.
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λ˜λŠ” ' 맀년 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 곡원을 λ°©λ¬Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:40
Somebody cleans my office every day.
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 맀일 λ‚΄ 사무싀을 μ²­μ†Œν•΄μš”.
04:45
My office is cleaned every day.
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λ‚΄ 사무싀은 맀일 μ²­μ†Œλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:48
Very good, you don't need to say 'somebody', do you, because it's obvious.
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μ•„μ£Ό μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 'λˆ„κ΅°κ°€'라고 말할 ν•„μš”λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 그것은 λͺ…λ°±ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:54
It's not necessary.
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그건 κΌ­ ν•„μš” ν•˜μ§„ μ•Šμ•„.
04:55
It's not necessary, exactly.
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κΌ­ ν•„μš”ν•œ 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:56
Last one.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 것.
04:58
The police never arrested the criminals.
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경찰은 범인을 μ²΄ν¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:03
The criminals never were...
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λ²”μ£„μžλ“€μ€ ​​결코...
05:06
The criminals were never arrested by the police.
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λ²”μ£„μžλ“€μ€ 경찰에 μ˜ν•΄ 체포된 적이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:11
Excellent, Jin. The criminals were never arrested by the police.
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ν›Œλ₯­ν•΄μš”, 진. 범인은 경찰에 μ˜ν•΄ μ²΄ν¬λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:15
Grammar Challenge from BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC Learning English dot com의 문법 도전.
05:19
Jin, is your country famous for producing anything?
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진 씨, λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ λ‚˜λΌλŠ” 물건 μƒμ‚°μœΌλ‘œ 유λͺ…ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:23
So, for example, in England, we have fish and chips.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μ˜κ΅­μ—λŠ” ν”Όμ‹œ μ•€ μΉ©μŠ€κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:26
Yeah.
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응.
05:27
What's your national dish in South Korea?
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ν•œκ΅­μ˜ κ΅­κ°€ μš”λ¦¬λŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:29
My national dish is bulgogi.
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λ‚˜μ˜ κ΅­λ―ΌμŒμ‹μ€ λΆˆκ³ κΈ°μ΄λ‹€.
05:33
It's made of beef.
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그것은 μ‡ κ³ κΈ°λ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:35
So, how do you cook bulgogi, Jin?
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그럼 λΆˆκ³ κΈ°λŠ” μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μš”λ¦¬ν•΄μš”, 진?
05:38
You can grill on the fan.
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νŒ¬μ— κ΅¬μ›Œ λ“œμ‹œλ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:42
So, the beef is...
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그럼 μ‡ κ³ κΈ°λŠ”...
05:44
The beef is grilled on the frying pan.
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μ‡ κ³ κΈ°λŠ” ν”„λΌμ΄νŒ¬μ— κ΅¬μ›Œμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
And then it is cooked for maybe ten minutes.
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그런 λ‹€μŒ μ•½ 10λΆ„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‘°λ¦¬λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:54
And then it is time to eat the bulgogi.
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그리고 이제 뢈고기λ₯Ό 먹을 μ°¨λ‘€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:00
???
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???
06:07
BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC ν•™μŠ΅ μ˜μ–΄ λ‹·μ»΄.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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