Better Speaking Podcast ๐Ÿ—จ๏ธ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ How to talk about the order of events

57,746 views

2023-06-13 ใƒป BBC Learning English


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Better Speaking Podcast ๐Ÿ—จ๏ธ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ How to talk about the order of events

57,746 views ใƒป 2023-06-13

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Yeah, I mean, those past few weeks have been amazing. I mean,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‚ด ๋ง์€, ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ๊ฐ„์€ ๋†€๋ผ์› ์–ด. ๋‚ด ๋ง์€,
00:05
before Paris, I wasn't even sure if I was supposed to play Paris,
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ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ์ „์—๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:09
because I wasn't in the best of conditions and, you know, back hurting a little bit
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ปจ๋””์…˜์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์•„ํ”„๊ณ 
00:14
and I didn't play a lot of matches in the past few weeks before that
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๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋›ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ „์— ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ
00:17
and what kept me really going was really to get some match preparation
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์ €๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์›€์ง์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ณณ
00:22
to come here to Wimbledon.
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์œ”๋ธ”๋˜์— ์˜ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
German tennis star Steffi Graf,
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๋…์ผ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์Šคํƒ€ ์Šˆํ…Œํ”ผ ๊ทธ๋ผํ”„๋Š” ์œ”๋ธ”๋˜ ๊ฒฐ์Šน์—
00:26
delighted at having one more chance to play in a Wimbledon final.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ์ถœ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ธฐ๋ปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:30
Steffi obviously speaks English very well,
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Steffi๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
but what is it that she's doing that makes her such a good communicator in English?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:37
What's her secret to better speaking?
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋น„๊ฒฐ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:44
Two sets to one, seven-six, one-six, six-four.
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2์„ธํŠธ์—์„œ 1, 7-6, 1-6, 6-4.
00:51
German-born Steffi Graf was the most successful women's tennis player
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๋…์ผ ํƒœ์ƒ์˜ ์Šˆํ…Œํ”ผ ๊ทธ๋ผํ”„๋Š” 1990๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์—ฌ์ž ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์„ ์ˆ˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:55
of the early 1990s.
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.
00:56
She won an amazing 21 major championships,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์œ”๋ธ”๋˜์—์„œ 7๋ฒˆ์˜ ๋‹จ์‹ ์šฐ์Šน์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ 21๋ฒˆ์˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฉ”์ด์ € ์šฐ์Šน์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:00
including seven singles titles at Wimbledon.
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. ํ”„๋กœ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์ƒํ™œ์˜
01:03
In 1999, which was her last year of playing professional tennis,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ•ด์ธ 1999๋…„์—
01:08
she won the French Open Championship,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
01:10
even though she had had some injury problems
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ƒ
01:12
and wasn't as fit and well-prepared as she should've been.
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๋งŒํผ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž˜ ์ค€๋น„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ์˜คํ”ˆ ์ฑ”ํ”ผ์–ธ์‹ญ์—์„œ ์šฐ์Šนํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:16
And then she came to London and made it through, yet again,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์™€์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ
01:19
to the Wimbledon Women's Final.
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์œ”๋ธ”๋˜ ์—ฌ์ž ๊ฒฐ์Šน์— ์ง„์ถœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
Steffi Graf was interviewed by the BBC after that semi-final match.
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์Šˆํ…Œํ”ผ ๊ทธ๋ผํ”„๋Š” ์ค€๊ฒฐ์Šน์ „์ด ๋๋‚œ ํ›„ BBC์™€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:25
Well, now you're through to another Wimbledon Final.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ”๋ธ”๋˜ ๊ฒฐ์Šน์— ์ง„์ถœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
I know that they all are very special, but is this one particularly so?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งค์šฐ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํŠนํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:32
Because a month ago, you never thought you'd be here as French Open Champion
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ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ์ „์—๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ์˜คํ”ˆ ์ฑ”ํ”ผ์–ธ์ด์ž
01:35
and in a Wimbledon Final.
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์œ”๋ธ”๋˜ ๊ฒฐ์Šน์ „์— ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
Yeah, and those past few weeks have been amazing. I mean,
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ๊ฐ„์€ ๋†€๋ผ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๋ง์€,
01:41
before Paris, I wasn't even sure if I was supposed to play Paris,
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ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ์ „์—๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
because I wasn't in the best of conditions and, you know, back hurting a little bit
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ปจ๋””์…˜์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์•„ํ”„๊ณ 
01:49
and I didn't play a lot of matches in the past few weeks before that
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๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋›ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ „์— ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ
01:53
and what kept me really going was really to get some match preparation
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์ €๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์›€์ง์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ณณ
01:58
to come here to Wimbledon.
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์œ”๋ธ”๋˜์— ์˜ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
Then I went to France and now I'm here in the finals.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์— ๊ฐ”๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ฒฐ์Šน์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
I mean, I can't ask of anything else.
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์ฆ‰, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
You just seem to be enjoying your tennis so much.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
Yeah, I'm absolutely do so.
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๋„ค, ๊ผญ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
I mean, how, how can't I? You know.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์€, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•Œ์ž–์•„.
02:13
I'm, I feel I'm very happy to have reached what I've started now.
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์ €๋Š”, ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์ผ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ์˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:20
BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC Learning English ๋‹ท์ปด.
02:23
And with me again in the studio is teacher and teacher trainer Richard Hallows.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค์—๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ ์ด์ž ๊ต์‚ฌ ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋„ˆ์ธ Richard Hallows๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
โ€” Hello, Richard. โ€” Hello, Callum.
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โ€” ์•ˆ๋…•, ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋“œ. โ€” ์•ˆ๋…•, ์นผ๋Ÿผ.
02:30
Richard, Steffi Graf was a very successful tennis player,
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Richard, Steffi Graf๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์„ ์ˆ˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตญ์ œ ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ์„œ
02:34
but is she a successful user of English as an international language?
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
02:38
She's very successful. She communicates what she's saying very clearly.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
What I'd like to talk about, thinking about Steffi,
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Steffi์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
02:46
is the way she sequences events when she's speaking.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:49
โ€” Sequences? โ€” OK, so for example,
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โ€” ์‹œํ€€์Šค? โ€” ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
02:52
she makes it clear that one thing happened before or after another thing.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ ์ „ํ›„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
She uses things like "before Paris",
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” "ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ์ด์ „",
03:00
"and then I didn't play" and "what kept me going",
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"๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค", " ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€", "
03:03
"then I went to the French Open".
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ์˜คํ”ˆ์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
So she's using words like 'before' and 'then'
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด '์ด์ „'๊ณผ '๊ทธ๋•Œ'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:10
to make it clear the order of events.
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.
03:12
Before Paris, I wasn't even sure if I was supposed to play Paris,
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ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ์ „์—๋Š” ์ปจ๋””์…˜๋„ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ ,
03:16
because I wasn't in the best of conditions and, you know, back hurting a little bit
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ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์ข€ ์•„ํ”„๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ „์—
03:20
and I didn't play a lot of matches in the past few weeks before that
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๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋›ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ํ™•์‹ ์ด ์„œ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ์ „์—
03:24
and what kept me really going was really to get some match preparation
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์ €๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์›€์ง์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ณณ
03:29
to come here to Wimbledon.
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์œ”๋ธ”๋˜์— ์˜ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
Then I went to France and now I'm here in the finals.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์— ๊ฐ”๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ฒฐ์Šน์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
I mean, I can't ask of anything else.
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์ฆ‰, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
So this is not just being done through using the simple past or the past perfect.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
It's not done through grammar, it's done through vocabulary.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์–ดํœ˜๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
Yeah. You can just say, and we often do when we're speaking,
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์‘. ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
03:45
use words 'and' and 'then'.
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'and'์™€ 'then'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
These two words are probably enough to communicate, you know,
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์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€, ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:53
the message, the idea.
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.
03:55
But it may be a little dull for the listener.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
โ€” Mm. โ€” It may sound a little boring.
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- Mm. - ๋‹ค์†Œ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
So maybe we need to think of other ways of saying this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
OK, so could you just go over a few of those expressions again?
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
04:05
Well, why not use 'first of all',
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์Œ, ์™œ '๋จผ์ €',
04:08
'then', 'then after that', or you could say 'afterwards',
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'๊ทธ๋•Œ', '๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ' ๋‚˜์ค‘์—',
04:13
'and finally'.
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'๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
Well, tell me, try and give an example of how that might work?
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
04:18
OK, well, you have a think about... I'm gonna tell you what I did this morning
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์ข‹์•„, ์Œ, ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด๋ผ... ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค„๊ฒŒ.
04:23
and I'm not gonna tell you the correct order
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04:26
and see if you can maybe put them into the correct order, using some of these words.
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์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฒŒ. ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค.
04:30
OK.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
04:31
I got up.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
04:33
I went to the pub.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ˆ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
04:35
I went to work.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
04:37
I bumped into a friend.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋ถ€๋”ช์ณค๋‹ค.
04:40
And I came to the BBC.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  BBC์— ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
Now, what did I do first and next?
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์ž, ์ฒ˜์Œ๊ณผ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:45
Let me see, OK.
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๋ณด์ž, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
04:46
โ€” Well, first, you got up. โ€” Mm-hm.
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โ€” ์Œ, ๋จผ์ € ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” ์Œ.
04:49
And then you went to work.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
04:52
After that, you went to the pub.
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๊ทธ ํ›„, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ˆ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
04:56
And while you were in the pub, you bumped into a friend.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ˆ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
And, finally, you came to the BBC.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ BBC์— ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
Mm. That's actually correct.
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Mm. ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
So you went to the pub before you came here?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ค๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํŽ์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ณ ?
05:06
I did, but I only had an orange juice.
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ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์˜ค๋ Œ์ง€์ฃผ์Šค๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:08
Ah, how very professional of you.
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์•„, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ”„๋กœํŽ˜์…”๋„ํ•œ๊ฐ€.
05:10
Now, very interesting,
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์ž, ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„,
05:11
โ€” you used the word 'while'. โ€” Mm.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ '๋™์•ˆ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. - Mm.
05:14
Can you think why you used that word 'while'?
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์™œ ' ๋™์•ˆ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋‚˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:15
Well, because, well, because while you were in the pub,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ˆ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
05:20
you bumped into the friend โ€” at the same time.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€” ๋™์‹œ์—.
05:22
At the same, at the same time,
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๋™์‹œ์—, ๋™์‹œ์—,
05:23
which is very useful, to be able to say something happening at the same time.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
Mm.
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Mm.
05:27
Now, we can think of other words around this area.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์˜์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:30
โ€” We've got words like 'as soon as'. โ€” Mm-hm.
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โ€” '๊ณง'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” ์Œ.
05:34
Or 'just as', which are all around this same time.
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๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๋ƒฅ', ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
And what's the difference between those?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:40
OK, 'while' or you could use 'when' or 'as' means 'at the same time'.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, '๋™์•ˆ' ๋˜๋Š” '์–ธ์ œ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” '์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ'์€ '๋™์‹œ์—'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
'Just as' means 'exactly the same time'.
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as๋Š” '๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
And 'as soon as' is when one thing happens immediately after another thing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'as soon as'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์งํ›„์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
How about an example then, for 'as soon as' and 'just as'?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด '๊ณง'๊ณผ '๊ทธ๋ƒฅ'์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
05:58
Well, as soon as I arrived here today, I went and got myself a cup of coffee.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ค์ž๋งˆ์ž ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž” ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์™”์–ด์š”.
06:04
So one thing happened immediately after you arrived.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:07
โ€” Mm. โ€” You arrived, you got a cup of coffee.
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- Mm. โ€” ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
As soon as you arrived, you got a cup of coffee.
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๋„์ฐฉํ•˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž”.
06:12
Mm. And just as I was arriving, I saw a colleague leaving.
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Mm. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ง‰ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
So you were arriving, you saw a colleague leaving.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋™๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
At the same, exactly the same time.
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๋™์‹œ์—, ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋™์‹œ์—.
06:24
So just as you were arriving, you saw a colleague leaving.
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๋„์ฐฉํ•˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ๋™๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
Now, moving on, or next or after this,
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์ž, ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋˜๋Š” ์ดํ›„์—
06:30
are there any other things about Steffi's English you'd like to pick out?
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์Šคํ…Œํ”ผ์˜ ์˜์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? Steffi์—
06:33
Other things that I'd like to talk about Steffi are that she does make mistakes
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
and I'd like to reiterate, say again, this message that it's OK to make mistakes
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€
06:43
and that I said at the beginning of the programme
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์™€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ
06:45
that Steffi is a good communicator
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Steffi๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์˜์‚ฌ ์†Œํ†ต์ž
06:47
and this is in spite of the small mistakes that she makes.
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์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
The mistakes she makes are things with countables
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์‚ฐ
06:53
and word order and prepositions โ€” things which don't affect her meaning.
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, ์–ด์ˆœ, ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
For example, she says it "kept me really going".
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด "๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์›€์ง์ด๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
Of course, this should be it "really kept me going".
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ "์ •๋ง ๊ณ„์† ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€"ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
There's a mistake of countables โ€”
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
she says "conditions" and it should be "condition".
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” "์กฐ๊ฑด"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  "์กฐ๊ฑด"์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
And also, there's a mistake with a preposition.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
She says, "I couldn't ask of anything else,"
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” "๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ• 
07:17
when it should be "ask for anything else".
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๋•Œ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
In fact, we also say "ask for anything more".
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ "๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
So these are mistakes that Steffi makes,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์Šคํ…Œํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ง€๋งŒ
07:26
but I don't think it's affecting her message,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€,
07:30
what she wants to say, what she wants to communicate.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ, ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
That's clear for us.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
And so, if you're communicating clearly
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
07:36
and people get, they understand your message,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
07:39
that's what counts, that's what's important
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์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์—
07:41
and don't worry about these small mistakes.
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค .
07:42
โ€” So communication is the key. โ€” Mm-hm.
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โ€” ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์†Œํ†ต์ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” ์Œ.
07:45
I wonder, Richard, if you could just summarise today's points for us?
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Richard, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์š”์ ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:48
OK, well, we talked about sequencing, putting things in the correct order
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์ž, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ 
07:51
and using a variety of words,
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07:54
things like 'first of all', 'then', 'next', 'finally'.
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'๋จผ์ €', '๋‹ค์Œ', '๋‹ค์Œ', '๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
We looked at using words like 'as soon as', 'just as' or 'while'
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'as soon as', 'just as' ๋˜๋Š” 'while'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:02
to talk about things happening at the same time or around that time.
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.
08:05
And then we also talked about how Steffi makes mistakes,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ Steffi๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:09
but she still communicates very effectively
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งค์šฐ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:11
and this is what our listeners really have to remember โ€”
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฒญ์ทจ์ž๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์‚ฌ
08:14
communication is the key.
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์†Œํ†ต์ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
Richard Hallows, for today, thank you very much.
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Richard Hallows, ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC Learning English ๋‹ท์ปด. ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ
08:27
We asked a few learners who are working hard at becoming better speakers
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๋” ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
08:31
whether they are afraid to make mistakes when they speak English.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‘๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์€์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
It was not my first language, so people make mistakes
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์ œ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์–ด์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ
08:39
and I think that people learn from their mistake.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
It's not a shame to make mistake.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
I think the most important thing is to be understood by other people
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
and I think that anybody who is...
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“ ์ง€...
08:55
That it is excusable to make mistake
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋„ ์šฉ์„œ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜
08:59
and nobody would really be angry or upset if you do make mistakes.
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์žˆ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:04
English is not my first language.
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์˜์–ด๋Š” ์ œ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
I think it's reasonable to make mistakes,
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09:09
as long as I can express my idea clearly.
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
All the speakers there make the same point โ€”
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์˜์‚ฌ
09:16
that communication is most important
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์†Œํ†ต์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”
09:19
and that they don't worry too much about making mistakes.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:22
After all, if you are not a native English speaker,
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด,
09:25
then it's only natural to make mistakes.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๊ทนํžˆ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
Now, before we go today,
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์—
09:29
if you didn't quite catch all of Richard's better speaking tips, don't worry,
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Richard์˜ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ํŒ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
09:33
here's a chance to hear them again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
When you're speaking English, make yourself easier to understand
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ
09:42
by using words which show clearly when things have happened.
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ์„ธ์š” .
09:46
For example, if you're telling a story about something,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด Steffi Graf๊ฐ€ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
09:49
use words like 'first', 'next', 'after that'
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'์ฒ˜์Œ', '๋‹ค์Œ', ' ๊ทธ ํ›„',
09:56
and 'finally', just like we heard Steffi Graf do.
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'๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
10:01
She makes it clear that one thing happened before or after another thing.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ ์ „ํ›„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
She uses things like "before Paris", "and then I didn't play"
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” "ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ์ด์ „", "๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค", "
10:11
and "what kept me going", "then I went to the French Open".
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€", " ๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ์˜คํ”ˆ์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
So she's using words like 'before' and 'then'
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด '์ด์ „'๊ณผ '๊ทธ๋•Œ'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:18
to make it clear the order of events.
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.
10:26
Use expressions and words to show if two actions happen at the same time
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ํ‘œํ˜„๊ณผ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋™์ž‘์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
10:31
or very soon after each other.
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๋˜๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๊ณง ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
For example, 'while', 'just as', 'as soon as'.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '๋™์•ˆ', '๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด', ' ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด'.
10:39
'While' or you could use 'when' or 'as' means 'at the same time'.
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'๋™์•ˆ' ๋˜๋Š” '์–ธ์ œ' ๋˜๋Š” '๋กœ์„œ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ' ๋™์‹œ์—'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
'Just as' means 'exactly the same time'.
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as๋Š” '๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
And 'as soon as' is when one thing happens 'immediately after' another thing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'as soon as'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ '์งํ›„'์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ
10:57
Even the best and most fluent speakers of a foreign language
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„
11:01
will sometimes make mistakes.
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
So even if your level is not very high,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ๋†’์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„
11:06
don't worry when you're trying to speak English.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
11:09
The important thing is to make yourself understood, to communicate.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
And so, if you're communicating clearly and people get,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
11:18
they understand your message,
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
11:20
that's what counts, that's what's important
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์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์—
11:22
and don't worry about these small mistakes.
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค .
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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