Fake News: Fact & Fiction - Episode 4: Covid-19: Fake news and conspiracy theories

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2020-09-03 ・ BBC Learning English


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Fake News: Fact & Fiction - Episode 4: Covid-19: Fake news and conspiracy theories

77,014 views ・ 2020-09-03

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:06
Hugo: Hello. This is Fake News, Fact and Fiction from BBC
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휴고: μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. 이것은 BBC Learning English의 κ°€μ§œ λ‰΄μŠ€, 사싀 및 ν—ˆκ΅¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:09
Learning English. I'm Hugo.
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. μ €λŠ” νœ΄κ³ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:11
Sam: And I'm Sam.
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μƒ˜: 그리고 μ €λŠ” μƒ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:12
Hugo: And as you see we're not in the studio today. Like in
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Hugo: λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ μŠ€νŠœλ””μ˜€μ— μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:14
many parts of the world we're practising social distancing
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μ„Έκ³„μ˜ λ§Žμ€ μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œμ²˜λŸΌ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‚¬νšŒμ  거리두기λ₯Ό μ‹€μ²œ
00:17
and working from home. How are you doing there, Sam?
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ν•˜κ³  μž¬νƒκ·Όλ¬΄λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ 잘 지내고 μžˆλ‹ˆ, μƒ˜?
00:20
Sam: I'm doing OK. Thank you Hugo, but it is definitely
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μƒ˜: 잘 지내고 μžˆμ–΄μš”. κ³ λ§ˆμ›Œμš” 휴고, ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ§€κΈˆ
00:23
a strange world that we're living in right now, isn't it?
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆλŠ” 세상은 ν™•μ‹€νžˆ μ΄μƒν•œ 세상이죠 ?
00:26
And I don't know if you remember but in our first
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κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹€μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ 첫 번째
00:30
programme we talked about stories going viral, so
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μž…μ†Œλ¬Έμ΄ λ‚œ 이야기에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ§€κΈˆ
00:34
spreading around the internet really quickly and well now,
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인터넷에 정말 λΉ λ₯΄κ³  잘 퍼지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
what we have is a real virus that has gone viral.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 가진 것은 μž…μ†Œλ¬Έμ΄ λ‚œ μ§„μ§œ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
Hugo: Indeed. And that is going to be the focus of today's
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휴고: κ³Όμ—°. 그리고 그것이 였늘 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ˜ 초점이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:45
programme. This pandemic has seen a large amount of fake
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. 이 λŒ€μœ ν–‰μ€ λ§Žμ€ μ–‘μ˜ κ°€μ§œ
00:49
news attached to it. And as we sit at home browsing the
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λ‰΄μŠ€κ°€ μ²¨λΆ€λœ 것을 λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 집에 앉아 인터넷을 κ²€μƒ‰ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€
00:53
internet we may have come across many different stories
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00:56
and theories of the causes of the virus or possible cures. So
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의 원인 λ˜λŠ” κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 이야기와 이둠을 μ ‘ν–ˆμ„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
00:59
today we're looking at fake news in the era of Covid-19.
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였늘 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ½”λ‘œλ‚˜19 μ‹œλŒ€μ— κ°€μ§œ λ‰΄μŠ€λ₯Ό 보고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
But before we get to that Sam, do you have some vocabulary for us?
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ·Έ Samμ—κ²Œ κ°€κΈ° 전에, 우리λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
01:07
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01:07
Sam: Yes I do. So today I'm focusing on some useful
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μƒ˜: λ„€ κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 였늘 μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ˜¨λΌμΈμ—μ„œ λ³Έ 것이 사싀이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌκ³  생각할 λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ‡ 가지 μœ μš©ν•œ μ–΄νœ˜μ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:11
vocabulary you might use if you think that what you've seen
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01:15
online is not true.
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.
01:21
Red flags are often used as a warning sign. In fact in
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μ μ‹ ν˜ΈλŠ” μ’…μ’… κ²½κ³  μ‹ ν˜Έλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 사싀
01:26
Britain when motor cars were first used on the streets the
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μ˜κ΅­μ—μ„œ μžλ™μ°¨κ°€ 처음으둜 κ±°λ¦¬μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ
01:30
law said that you had to have someone walking in front of the
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법λ₯ μ— λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
01:34
vehicle carrying a red flag to warn other road users. These
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ„λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©μžμ—κ²Œ κ²½κ³ ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 빨간색 κΉƒλ°œμ„ λ“€κ³  μ°¨λŸ‰ μ•žμ—μ„œ κ±Έμ–΄κ°€λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:40
days if a piece of information or a social media post
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μš”μ¦˜ 정보 λ‚˜ μ†Œμ…œ λ―Έλ””μ–΄ κ²Œμ‹œλ¬Όμ΄
01:44
'raises a red flag' it means you are suspicious that it
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'μœ„ν—˜ μ‹ ν˜Έλ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚¨λ‹€'λŠ” 것은
01:48
might be fake news.
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κ°€μ§œ λ‰΄μŠ€μΌ κ°€λŠ₯성이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ˜μ‹¬μ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 쑰심해야 ν• 
01:50
There are many red flags to watch out for. For example a
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μœ„ν—˜ μ‹ ν˜Έκ°€ 많이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄
01:54
post that says something like 'the media doesn't want you to
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'λ―Έλ””μ–΄λŠ” 당신이
01:57
know this' or maybe it's a meme or a quote that claims that a
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이것을 μ•ŒκΈ°λ₯Ό μ›ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€'와 같은 λ‚΄μš©μ˜ κ²Œμ‹œλ¬Ό λ˜λŠ”
02:02
politician you don't like has said or done something
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당신이 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μ •μΉ˜μΈμ΄ λ”μ°ν•œ λ§μ΄λ‚˜ 행동을 ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•˜λŠ” λ°ˆμ΄λ‚˜ 인용문일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:06
terrible. These posts might be easy to share or they might
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. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ²Œμ‹œλ¬Όμ€ κ³΅μœ ν•˜κΈ° μ‰¬μšΈ μˆ˜λ„ 있고
02:10
even say 'you must share this!' or 'share this if you agree'.
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'κ³΅μœ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€!'라고 말할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ˜λŠ” 'λ™μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 경우 곡유'.
02:15
Those are some examples of red flags that could make you doubt
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λ‹€μŒμ€ μ •λ³΄μ˜ 진싀성을 μ˜μ‹¬ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆλŠ” μœ„ν—˜ μ‹ ν˜Έμ˜ λͺ‡ 가지 μ˜ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:18
how true the information is.
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.
02:21
We all like to share things and we all like it when things we
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘λŠ” 무언가λ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜κ³  μš°λ¦¬κ°€
02:25
share are liked. But before you hit that share button it's a
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κ³΅μœ ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λ§ˆμŒμ— λ“œλŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 곡유 λ²„νŠΌμ„ λˆ„λ₯΄κΈ° 전에
02:30
good idea to fact-check the information the
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정보λ₯Ό 사싀 ν™•μΈν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 1970λ…„λŒ€μ—
02:33
verb fact-check, first used in the 1970s, simply means to
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처음 μ‚¬μš©λœ 동사 사싀 확인은 정보가 사싀인지
02:38
check the facts to confirm that the information is true.
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ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 사싀을 ν™•μΈν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ˜λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 정보λ₯Ό
02:42
There are quite a few fact- checking websites which can
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02:46
help you to verify, prove, or debunk, disprove,
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확인, 증λͺ… λ˜λŠ” λ°˜λ°•, λ°˜μ¦ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 λ˜λŠ” 사싀 확인 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈκ°€ κ½€ 많이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:51
the information. Debunk, a verb from the 1920s, means to prove
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. DebunkλŠ” 1920λ…„λŒ€μ— μ‚¬μš©λœ λ™μ‚¬λ‘œ
02:58
or demonstrate that something is not true that it is
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μ–΄λ–€ 것이 사싀이 μ•„λ‹˜μ„
03:01
completely false. So fact- checking can help you to debunk
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μ™„μ „νžˆ κ±°μ§“μž„μ„ 증λͺ…ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μž…μ¦ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 사싀 확인을 톡해 μ†Œμ…œ λ―Έλ””μ–΄μ—μ„œ
03:05
false claims made on social media.
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제기된 잘λͺ»λœ μ£Όμž₯을 ν­λ‘œν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
03:08
Now you might be wondering, as there is a word debunk, is
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이제 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ ν­λ‘œλΌλŠ” 단어가 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ²™
03:13
there a word bunk? Well yes there is but it's not a verb
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ν¬λΌλŠ” 단어가 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ κΆκΈˆν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ„€, μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ 동사가 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
03:17
it's a noun. Bunk and also bunkum are words that mean
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λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. Bunk와 Bunkum은 λ„Œμ„ΌμŠ€λ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” λ‹¨μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:22
nonsense. Interestingly they are political in origin and
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. ν₯λ―Έλ‘­κ²Œλ„ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μΆœμ‹ μ€ μ •μΉ˜μ μ΄λ©° 미ꡭ의
03:27
come from the county of Buncombe in the United States. This
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Buncombe μΉ΄μš΄ν‹° μΆœμ‹ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 이
03:31
county was represented by a politician who talked a lot
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ꡰ은 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 말 없이 말만 많이 ν•˜λŠ” μ •μΉ˜μΈμœΌλ‘œ λŒ€ν‘œλλ‹€
03:35
without saying anything important. So he talked bunkum.
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” ν—›μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό ν–ˆλ‹€.
03:40
Now back to the studio.
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이제 μŠ€νŠœλ””μ˜€λ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
Hugo: Very interesting Sam, it certainly wasn't bunkum but
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휴고: 맀우 ν₯미둜운 μƒ˜, ν™•μ‹€νžˆ 별거 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ 거기에 μ—†μ—ˆλ˜
03:47
there was a piece of fake news there wasn't there? 'Back to
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κ°€μ§œ λ‰΄μŠ€κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš” ? 'μŠ€νŠœλ””μ˜€λ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°€
03:49
the studio'?
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'?
03:50
Sam: Yes, well spotted. I did record that section before I
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Sam: λ„€, 잘 λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이번 νŽΈμ€ μ§‘μ—μ„œ μ΄¬μ˜ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 μ•ŒκΈ° 전에 κ·Έ 뢀뢄을 λ…ΉμŒν•œ λΆ€λΆ„μ΄λ‹ˆ
03:54
knew that we would be filming from home for this episode so I
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03:58
hope you will forgive me for that.
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μ–‘ν•΄ λΆ€νƒλ“œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:01
Hugo: Of course, now this pandemic has been dominating
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Hugo: λ¬Όλ‘ , 이제 이 νŒ¬λ°λ―Ήμ€
04:03
the news for a long time now and there are many legitimate
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μ˜€λž«λ™μ•ˆ λ‰΄μŠ€λ₯Ό 지배해 μ™”μœΌλ©°
04:06
areas of discussion to do with restrictions of movement,
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이동 μ œν•œ,
04:09
testing, treatments and the economy.
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ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈ, 치료 및 κ²½μ œμ™€ κ΄€λ ¨λœ 합법적인 λ…Όμ˜ μ˜μ—­μ΄ 많이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:13
Sam: But we've also seen a lot of different theories about the
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Sam: κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ— λŒ€ν•΄
04:15
virus which are not supported by any evidence but which many
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μ–΄λ–€ μ¦κ±°λ‘œλ„ λ’·λ°›μΉ¨λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ λ§Žμ€
04:20
people have still shared . Some of these are what are known as
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ—¬μ „νžˆ κ³΅μœ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 이둠을 많이 λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이듀 쀑 μΌλΆ€λŠ” 음λͺ¨λ‘ μœΌλ‘œ μ•Œλ €μ§„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:24
conspiracy theories.
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.
04:26
Hugo: And examples of conspiracy theories are that
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Hugo: 그리고 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ˜ μ˜ˆλŠ”
04:28
the earth is flat or that the moon landings were fake and
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지ꡬ가 ν‰ν‰ν•˜λ‹€κ±°λ‚˜ 달 μ°©λ₯™μ΄ κ°€μ§œλΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:32
even though these theories are comprehensively debunked some
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 이둠이 ν¬κ΄„μ μœΌλ‘œ κ±°μ§“μž„μ„ ν­λ‘œν•˜λ”λΌλ„ 일뢀
04:35
people still strongly believe them. To find out more
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ—¬μ „νžˆ 그것을 κ°•λ ₯ν•˜κ²Œ λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μžμ„Ένžˆ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
04:38
about conspiracy theories we spoke to Professor Joe
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” Joe Uscinski κ΅μˆ˜μ™€ 이야기λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ΄μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:41
Uscinski. He's an associate professor of political science
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. κ·ΈλŠ” λ§ˆμ΄μ• λ―Έ λŒ€ν•™μ˜ μ •μΉ˜ν•™ λΆ€κ΅μˆ˜μ΄μž
04:44
at the University of Miami and the author of the book
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04:47
'Conspiracy Theories, a Primer'. We asked him first to
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'음λͺ¨ 이둠, μž…λ¬Έμ„œ'λΌλŠ” μ±…μ˜ μ €μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ¨Όμ € κ·Έμ—κ²Œ
04:50
define the term conspiracy theory and why people
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음λͺ¨λ‘ μ΄λΌλŠ” μš©μ–΄μ˜ μ •μ˜ 와 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
04:53
believe them.
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그것을 λ―ΏλŠ” 이유λ₯Ό λ¬Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:58
A conspiracy theory is an allegation or an idea that a
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음λͺ¨λ‘ μ€
05:03
small group of powerful people are working in secret to effect
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μ†Œμˆ˜μ˜ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 곡동선에 ν•΄λ₯Ό λΌμΉ˜λŠ” λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬κ±΄μ΄λ‚˜ 상황에 영ν–₯을 미치기 μœ„ν•΄ 비밀리에 ν™œλ™ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ£Όμž₯μ΄λ‚˜ μƒκ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:09
an event or circumstance in a way that benefits them and
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05:14
harms the common good. And further this theory hasn't been
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. 그리고 더 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€ 이 이둠은 κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ 사건을 ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ°ΎλŠ”
05:19
confirmed by the people we would look to to confirm such
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ— μ˜ν•΄ ν™•μΈλ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:24
events. There is nothing new about conspiracy theories and
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. 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ—λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 것이 μ—†μœΌλ©°
05:28
you can find them if you look through almost any historical
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거의 ​​λͺ¨λ“  역사적
05:31
document.
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λ¬Έμ„œλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄ 찾을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:33
So for example the United States Declaration of
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λ―Έκ΅­ 독립 μ„ μ–Έλ¬Έμ—λŠ”
05:35
Independence has a few paragraphs about politics. But
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μ •μΉ˜μ— κ΄€ν•œ λͺ‡ 단락이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
05:40
then once you read beneath that, it's largely a
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κ·Έ μ•„λž˜λ₯Ό 읽으면 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„
05:43
list of conspiracy theories about the king of England. So
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영ꡭ 왕에 λŒ€ν•œ 음λͺ¨λ‘  λͺ©λ‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ
05:48
they exist amongst all people at all times. They're very much
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그듀은 항상 λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ κ°€μš΄λ° μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€ . 그것듀은
05:52
a human constant. People like to have their ideas make sense
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μΈκ°„μ˜ μƒμˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μžμ‹ μ˜ 아이디어가 μ„œλ‘œ 결합될 λ•Œ μ˜λ―Έκ°€ μžˆλŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:57
when in combination with each other. So in order for someone
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€
06:01
to adopt a conspiracy theory that theory has to match with
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음λͺ¨λ‘ μ„ μ±„νƒν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” κ·Έ 이둠이
06:06
what they already believe.
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그듀이 이미 λ―Ώκ³  μžˆλŠ” 것과 μΌμΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:09
So for example if you really like President Obama, you're
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μ˜€λ°”λ§ˆ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ„ μ •λ§λ‘œ μ’‹μ•„ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
06:12
probably not going to think that he faked his birth
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κ·Έκ°€
06:14
certificate to illegally become president. If you really like
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λΆˆλ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ΄ 되기 μœ„ν•΄ μΆœμƒ 증λͺ…μ„œλ₯Ό μœ„μ‘°ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ •λ§λ‘œ
06:18
President Bush, you're not going to buy the theory that he
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λΆ€μ‹œ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ„ μ’‹μ•„ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ κ·Έκ°€
06:21
blew up the Twin Towers on 9/11.
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9/11에 쌍λ‘₯이 λΉŒλ”©μ„ ν­νŒŒν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 이둠을 받아듀이지 μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:23
So people's conspiracy theories have to match their underlying
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ€
06:29
world views that they already carry with them so that's why
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그듀이 이미 κ°–κ³  μžˆλŠ” 근본적인 세계관과 μΌμΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
06:33
people's conspiracy theories tend to match their political
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ€ 진보적이든 λ³΄μˆ˜μ μ΄λ“  κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ •μΉ˜μ  섀득과 μΌμΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 있고
06:37
persuasion whether they're liberal or conservative and
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06:40
they have to match their other world views too.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 세계관도 μΌμΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:43
So for that reason it's actually more difficult to
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κ·Έλ ‡κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
06:46
convince people of conspiracy theories than you might think.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ„ λ‚©λ“μ‹œν‚€λŠ” 것은 생각보닀 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 더 μ–΄λ ΅μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:49
Hugo: So we only really buy into a conspiracy theory if
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Hugo: κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ΄
06:52
it's in line with what we already think about the world.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이미 세상에 λŒ€ν•΄ μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” 것과 μΌμΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°μ—λ§Œ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 그것을 λ°›μ•„λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:55
Sam: Yes and that ties in with a lot of the fake news research
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Sam: λ„€, 그리고 그것은 λ§Žμ€ κ°€μ§œ λ‰΄μŠ€ 연ꡬ와 관련이 μžˆμ§€
06:59
doesn't it? So people will share things they believe to be
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μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? λ”°λΌμ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
07:03
true or want to be true because the ideas match with their own
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생각이 μžμ‹ μ˜
07:07
political or ideological views.
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μ •μΉ˜μ  λ˜λŠ” 이념적 견해와 μΌμΉ˜ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 사싀이라고 λ―Ώκ±°λ‚˜ μ§„μ‹€ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것을 κ³΅μœ ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
I'd also like to mention the phrase 'buy' or 'buy into'
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λ‚˜λŠ” λ˜ν•œ 그와 당신이 Hugoκ°€ 방금 μ‚¬μš©ν•œ 'buy' λ˜λŠ” 'buy into'λΌλŠ” 문ꡬλ₯Ό μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:14
which he and you Hugo just used. So these both mean to
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. λ”°λΌμ„œ λ‘˜ λ‹€ 무언가가 μ‚¬μ‹€μž„μ„
07:19
believe or accept that something is true and you can
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λ―Ώκ±°λ‚˜ λ°›μ•„λ“€μ΄λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λ©° 무언가가 사싀이라고 ν™•μ‹ ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” 경우
07:23
use the phrase 'I don't buy it' if you are not convinced that
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'I don't buy it'μ΄λΌλŠ” 문ꡬλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:28
something is true. So for example, I heard somewhere
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. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μ–΄λ””μ„ κ°€
07:31
that eating lemons can cure coronavirus but I don't buy it.
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레λͺ¬μ„ 먹으면 μ½”λ‘œλ‚˜λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λ₯Ό μΉ˜λ£Œν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 말을 λ“€μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” 그것을 사지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:35
Hugo: Absolutely. Now let's take a trip around the world.
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휴고: λ¬Όλ‘ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이제 세계일주λ₯Ό ν•΄λ³΄μž.
07:37
We spoke to a number of our BBC colleagues across the globe to
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ λ§Žμ€ BBC λ™λ£Œλ“€κ³Ό Covid-19와 κ΄€λ ¨λœ
07:41
find out what kind of fake news and conspiracy theories related
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μ–΄λ–€ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ κ°€μ§œ λ‰΄μŠ€ 와 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ λŒ€λ₯™
07:45
to Covid-19 have been shared on different continents and
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μ—μ„œ 곡유되고 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κ³ 
07:48
apologies in advance for the quality of the line in some cases
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μ–΄λ–€ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” μ „ν™” ν’ˆμ§ˆμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 미리 μ‚¬κ³Όν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:51
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07:55
Here in Afghanistan at the beginning of the Covid-19
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μ—¬κΈ° μ•„ν”„κ°€λ‹ˆμŠ€νƒ„ μ½”λΉ„λ“œ-19 μœ„κΈ°κ°€ μ‹œμž‘λ  λ•Œ
07:59
crisis a mullah in the west off the country, in Herat,
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μ„œμͺ½ ν—€λΌνŠΈμ— μžˆλŠ” λ¬ΌλΌλŠ”
08:03
compared the number of fatalities in Muslim countries
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이슬람 κ΅­κ°€μ˜ μ‚¬λ§μž 수λ₯Ό
08:06
with the number of deaths in Western countries and after
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μ„œλ°© κ΅­κ°€μ˜ μ‚¬λ§μž μˆ˜μ™€ λΉ„κ΅ν•œ ν›„
08:10
that said that these numbers showed us the Covid-19 and
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이 μˆ˜μΉ˜κ°€ μ½” λΉ„λ“œ-19λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ£Όμ—ˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:13
coronavirus does not kill Muslims. But he was absolutely
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μ½”λ‘œλ‚˜ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λŠ” λ¬΄μŠ¬λ¦Όμ„ 죽이지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ·ΈλŠ” μ™„μ „νžˆ
08:18
wrong. Nowadays we see the number of deaths in Muslim
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ν‹€λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이슬람
08:24
countries and here in Afghanistan is rising day by day.
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κ΅­κ°€λ“€κ³Ό μ—¬κΈ° μ•„ν”„κ°€λ‹ˆμŠ€νƒ„μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λ§μž μˆ˜κ°€ λ‚ λ§ˆλ‹€ μ¦κ°€ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŒμ„ λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:28
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08:33
We have received a video and some content with some links
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
08:39
to internet, to some documents and so on, saying that the
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08:43
virus has been created by U.S. scientists who have helped
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λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€κ°€
08:51
Chinese scientists in Wuhan.
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μš°ν•œμ—μ„œ 쀑ꡭ κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ„ λ„μ™”λ˜ λ―Έκ΅­ κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ— μ˜ν•΄ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜λŠ” 인터넷 링크, 일뢀 λ¬Έμ„œ 등이 ν¬ν•¨λœ λΉ„λ””μ˜€μ™€ 일뢀 μ½˜ν…μΈ λ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:55
But, less than two weeks later we have received another video
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 2주도 채 μ§€λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
08:59
and other video in the same line, on the same topic
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09:04
saying that the virus has been created by Chinese helped by
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λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€κ°€ ν”„λž‘μŠ€ κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ˜ 도움을 λ°›μ•„ 쀑ꡭ인에 μ˜ν•΄ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€λŠ” 같은 주제의 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ λΉ„λ””μ˜€μ™€ 같은 라인의 λ‹€λ₯Έ λΉ„λ””μ˜€λ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:10
French scientists. But what was worse is that it's roughly the
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. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 더 λ‚˜μœ 것은 거의
09:15
same images. The same images that they're giving as evidence
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같은 μ΄λ―Έμ§€λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그듀이 μ‚¬κΈ°μ˜ 증거둜 μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 것과 λ™μΌν•œ 이미지
09:20
of the of fraud. This shows clearly that it's a fake.
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. 이것은 그것이 κ°€μ§œλΌλŠ” 것을 λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:29
Here in Brazil there are a lot of messages on WhatsApp and
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μ—¬κΈ° λΈŒλΌμ§ˆμ—μ„œλŠ” WhatsApp 및
09:32
other social media showing photos and videos of people
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기타 μ†Œμ…œ 미디어에 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ¬˜μ§€
09:37
opening up coffins in cemeteries and showing them
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μ—μ„œ 관을 μ—΄κ³ 
09:42
full of stones. And they use this to support the conspiracy
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돌둜 가득 μ°¬ 것을 λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 사진과 λΉ„λ””μ˜€λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” λ§Žμ€ λ©”μ‹œμ§€κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 그듀은 이것을 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ„ λ’·λ°›μΉ¨ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:49
theory that people are like, increasing the number of deaths
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. 우리 λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ—κ²Œ 문제λ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μΈμœ„μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬λ§μž 수λ₯Ό λŠ˜λ¦¬λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:55
artificially just to create problems to our president,
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10:00
you know.
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.
10:01
There are a lot of these messages with these images to
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10:04
support this idea that this situation is created to, to
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이 상황이
10:10
hurt him politically. But these images are from like a case two
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κ·Έλ₯Ό μ •μΉ˜μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•΄μΉ˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€λŠ” 생각을 λ’·λ°›μΉ¨ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 이미지와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ©”μ‹œμ§€κ°€ 많이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 이미지듀은 2
10:17
years ago in a city in Sao Paulo state, in the country,
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λ…„ μ „ μƒνŒŒμšΈλ£¨ 주의 ν•œ λ„μ‹œμ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•œ μ‚¬κ±΄μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜¨ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:22
that was like, a fraud, to insurance you know, like two
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2
10:26
years ago. So yeah this is one of the things that are
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λ…„ μ „μ²˜λŸΌ λ³΄ν—˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ 사기 κ°™μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ„€, 이것은
10:30
happening here because of the pandemic.
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팬데믹 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ΄κ³³μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 일 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:36
Here in Hong Kong. I've heard many theories and you can
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μ—¬κΈ° ν™μ½©μ—μ„œ. λ‚˜λŠ” λ§Žμ€ 이둠을 λ“€μ—ˆκ³  당신은
10:40
always find the most confidential intelligence in my
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항상
10:43
mother's mobile phone. There was a time I received an urgent
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ˜ νœ΄λŒ€ μ „ν™”μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ κΈ°λ°€ 정보λ₯Ό 찾을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ”
10:47
call from her only to find that she started reading a WhatsApp
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κ·Έλ…€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° κΈ΄κΈ‰ μ „ν™”λ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜μ§€λ§Œ
10:50
message to me that was about how the U.S. military smuggled
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미ꡰ이 λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ μ„±μž₯ν•˜λŠ” 쀑ꡭ 경제λ₯Ό νŒŒκ΄΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ
10:55
coronavirus to Wuhan in order to destroy China's fast growing
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μ½”λ‘œλ‚˜λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λ₯Ό μš°ν•œμœΌλ‘œ λ°€λ°˜μž…ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ WhatsApp λ©”μ‹œμ§€λ₯Ό 읽기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:59
economy. Of course that was absolutely groundless. However
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. λ¬Όλ‘  μ „ν˜€ κ·Όκ±° μ—†λŠ” μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜
11:04
the message was circulated widely in her social circle.
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λ©”μ‹œμ§€λŠ” κ·Έλ…€μ˜ 사ꡐ계에 널리 νΌμ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:08
They are patriots who tend to believe any conspiracy theories
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그듀은
11:12
targeted at the U.S. authority. So even if I could convince her
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λ―Έκ΅­ 당ꡭ을 겨λƒ₯ν•œ 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ΄λΌλ©΄ 무엇이든 λ―ΏλŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 μžˆλŠ” μ• κ΅­μžλ“€μ΄λ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ΄λ²ˆμ—λŠ” κ·Έ 정보가 κ°€μ§œλΌκ³  κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό λ‚©λ“μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆλ”λΌλ„
11:17
that the information was fake this time she would only send
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ”
11:20
me another one next time. It's just unstoppable.
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λ‹€μŒμ— 또 ν•œ 번만 λ‚˜μ—κ²Œ 보낼 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 멈좜 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:28
Hugo: So we hear there some typical examples of fake news
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Hugo:
11:30
such as real photographs being deliberately mis-described and
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μ‹€μ œ 사진을 μ˜λ„μ μœΌλ‘œ 잘λͺ» μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” λ“± κ°€μ§œ λ‰΄μŠ€μ˜ μ „ν˜•μ μΈ μ˜ˆμ™€
11:34
examples of the kind of belief in conspiracy theories
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11:37
Professor Uscinski was talking about.
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Uscinski κ΅μˆ˜κ°€ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•œ 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ— λŒ€ν•œ 믿음의 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:39
Sam: Yes and we hear that people want to share these
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Sam: λ„€, 그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
11:42
theories because they have a negative view of a particular
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νŠΉμ • ꡭ가에 λŒ€ν•΄ 뢀정적인 견해λ₯Ό 가지고 있고
11:45
country and are happy to believe almost anything
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11:48
negative they hear about them.
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그듀이 λ“£λŠ” 거의 λͺ¨λ“  뢀정적인 것을 λ―ΏκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 이둠을 κ³΅μœ ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό μ›ν•œλ‹€κ³  λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:50
I'd also like to pick out a particular word that Billy Chan
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λ˜ν•œ Billy Chan이 μ‚¬μš©ν•œ νŠΉμ • 단어λ₯Ό μ„ νƒν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:53
used. He used the word 'groundless' to refer to
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. κ·ΈλŠ” 일뢀 μ£Όμž₯을 μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 'κ·Όκ±° μ—†μŒ'μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:58
some claims. 'Groundless' means not based on any evidence.
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. 'κ·Όκ±° μ—†μŒ'은 μ–΄λ–€ 증거도 κ·Όκ±°ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” λœ»μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:02
There's no proof for it.
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그것에 λŒ€ν•œ 증거가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:04
Hugo: So there we had some insights from around the world.
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Hugo: κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ 톡찰λ ₯을 μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:06
Let's look closer to home now we're joined by our BBC
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이제 BBC λ™λ£ŒμΈ Marianna Springκ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ 집에 κ°€κΉŒμ΄ κ°€λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:09
colleague Marianna Spring. Thanks for being with us. So if
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. μš°λ¦¬μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ ν•΄μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
12:12
you can just explain the work you do here at the BBC first.
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당신이 μ—¬κΈ° BBCμ—μ„œ ν•˜λŠ” 일을 λ¨Όμ € μ„€λͺ…ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄.
12:16
Marianna: Yes, so I am the specialist disinformation
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Marianna: λ„€, κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 잘λͺ»λœ 정보 μ „λ¬Έ
12:19
reporter which means that me along with a team at BBC
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κΈ°μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 즉,
12:23
Trending who are part of the World Service and BBC
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World Service와 BBC
12:26
Monitoring and BBC Reality Check. And so we investigate
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Monitoring 및 BBC Reality Check에 μ†ν•œ BBC Trending νŒ€κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
12:31
misleading posts as well as looking to tell the stories of
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μ˜€ν•΄μ˜ μ†Œμ§€κ°€ μžˆλŠ” κ²Œμ‹œλ¬Όμ„ μ‘°μ‚¬ν•˜κ³ 
12:33
the people who fight and spread misinformation across the world.
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μ „ 세계에 잘λͺ»λœ 정보λ₯Ό 퍼뜨리고 μ‹Έμš°λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό μ „ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:40
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12:40
Hugo: So you must be really really busy. Is it your feeling
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휴고: 그럼 정말 정말 λ°”μ˜μ‹œκ² λ„€μš”. μ½”λ‘œλ‚˜19에 λŒ€ν•œ
12:42
that from what you've seen that disinformation, conspiracy
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ν—ˆμœ„ 정보, 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ΄
12:46
theories about Covid-19 are very different around the world?
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μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 맀우 λ‹€λ₯΄λ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ³Έ 것 같은 λŠλ‚Œμ΄ λ“œλ‚˜μš”?
12:52
Marianna: I think this pandemic is particularly interesting because
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Marianna: μ €λŠ” 이 팬데믹이 특히 ν₯λ―Έλ‘­λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ³Έ μ˜€ν•΄μ˜
12:56
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12:56
most of the misleading stuff we've seen has actually been
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μ†Œμ§€κ°€ μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμ˜ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ” 믿을 수 없을
12:59
incredibly global. So there was one particularly viral case
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μ •λ„λ‘œ μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ μ΄μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μΆ”μ ν•œ 특히 μž…μ†Œλ¬Έμ΄ λ‚œ 사둀가 ν•˜λ‚˜ μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°
13:02
that we tracked, a list of dodgy medical myths and tips,
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, μ˜μ‹¬μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ μ˜ν•™μ  톡념과 팁 λͺ©λ‘μ΄
13:06
and it hopped from the Facebook page of a man in the U.K. to
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μ˜κ΅­μ— μžˆλŠ” ν•œ λ‚¨μ„±μ˜ 페이슀뢁 νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ—μ„œ 인도에 κ±°μ£Όν•˜λŠ”
13:12
Facebook groups for Catholics living in India to the
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가톨릭 μ‹ μžλ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 페이슀뢁 그룹으둜,
13:17
Instagram account of a Ghanaian television presenter. So this
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κ°€λ‚˜ ν…”λ ˆλΉ„μ „ μ§„ν–‰μžμ˜ μΈμŠ€νƒ€κ·Έλž¨ κ³„μ •μœΌλ‘œ κ±΄λ„ˆλ›°μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. . κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이
13:20
stuff really goes global and is attributed to a range of
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물건은 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 퍼지고
13:23
different people, to hospitals, professors doctors in the US,
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미ꡭ의 병원, μ˜μ‚¬ ꡐ수,
13:27
in Africa in Europe.
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유럽의 아프리카 λ“± λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ κ·€μ†λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:29
There's no limit to to who it can be who is alleged to have
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13:33
started or spread the rumour. However. I do think there are
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루머λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ νΌλœ¨λ Έλ‹€κ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ—λŠ” μ œν•œμ΄ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ. νŠΉμ • ꡭ가에 νŠΉμ •ν•œ
13:38
also specific instances of conspiracy theories or
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음λͺ¨λ‘ μ΄λ‚˜
13:40
misleading information that are specific to certain countries.
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μ˜€ν•΄μ˜ μ†Œμ§€κ°€ μžˆλŠ” μ •λ³΄μ˜ νŠΉμ • 사둀도 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 영ꡭ과 같은
13:43
In other places, for instance in the U.K. there's been a
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λ‹€λ₯Έ κ³³μ—μ„œλŠ”
13:46
conspiracy theory relating to 5G suggesting that 5G
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5G
13:50
technology could perhaps be linked to coronavirus and the
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기술이 μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μ½”λ‘œλ‚˜ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ 및
13:54
spread of it. Those claims are totally false. But I think
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κ·Έ ν™•μ‚°κ³Ό 관련이 μžˆμ„ 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ œμ•ˆν•˜λŠ” 5G κ΄€λ ¨ 음λͺ¨λ‘ μ΄ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έ μ£Όμž₯은 μ™„μ „νžˆ κ±°μ§“μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
13:57
because here in the U.K. we've been talking lots about 5G
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μ—¬κΈ° μ˜κ΅­μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 5G
14:00
technology and how it will be rolled out they've felt relevant.
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기술과 그것이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ „κ°œλ  것인지에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§Žμ€ 이야기λ₯Ό ν•΄μ™”κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 그듀이 μ μ ˆν•˜λ‹€κ³  느꼈던 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:02
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14:03
And then in other countries across the world there are
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그리고 μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ΅­κ°€μ—λŠ” 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μ€‘κ΅­μ΄λ‚˜ λ² νŠΈλ‚¨κ³Ό 같은
14:06
specific home remedies or suggestions, for instance in
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νŠΉμ • κ°€μ • μš”λ²• μ΄λ‚˜ μ œμ•ˆμ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:09
China or Vietnam, which have caused harm to people because
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. 그듀은
14:14
they believed they would prevent or cure coronavirus.
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μ½”λ‘œλ‚˜ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λ₯Ό μ˜ˆλ°©ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μΉ˜λ£Œν•  것이라고 λ―Ώμ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ ν•΄λ₯Ό λΌμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:18
Hugo: And how can we in the mainstream media help
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Hugo: μš°λ¦¬κ°€
14:21
particularly in a time when we're being attacked, we're not
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곡격을 λ°›κ³ 
14:25
always trusted by people?
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 항상 μ‹ λ’°λ₯Ό 받지 λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” μƒν™©μ—μ„œ 특히 μ£Όλ₯˜ λ―Έλ””μ–΄μ—μ„œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 도움을 쀄 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
14:27
Marianna: I think there are two crucial things that we can do
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Marianna: λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 청쀑을 μœ„ν•΄ 이 μ˜μ—­μ„ 닀루기 μœ„ν•΄ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 두 가지 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 일이 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:30
to cover this area for different audiences. The first
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. 첫
14:34
one is not just to show our answers but to show the
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λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” 우리의 닡을 λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
14:36
workings. So when we reveal that something is false or
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μž‘λ™ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 무언가가 κ±°μ§“μ΄κ±°λ‚˜
14:40
misleading we don't just put that assertion out there. We
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μ˜€ν•΄μ˜ μ†Œμ§€κ°€ μžˆμŒμ„ 밝힐 λ•Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ μ£Όμž₯을 κ·Έλƒ₯ λ‚΄μ„Έμš°μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
14:43
also show how we reach that point. We show how we
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λ˜ν•œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ·Έ 지점에 λ„λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
14:46
investigated a specific post or specific claims and why they're
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νŠΉμ • κ²Œμ‹œλ¬Ό λ˜λŠ” νŠΉμ • μ£Όμž₯을 μ‘°μ‚¬ν•œ 방법과 ν•΄λ‹Ή μ£Όμž₯이
14:50
untrue. And I think that's a really good way of letting
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사싀이 μ•„λ‹Œ 이유λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 이것이
14:54
people into how we operate and actually gaining their trust.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 방식에 μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜κ³  μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ‹ λ’°λ₯Ό 얻을 수 μžˆλŠ” 정말 쒋은 방법이라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:58
And secondly I think it's crucial to educate audiences in
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두 번째둜 μ˜¨λΌμΈμ—μ„œ νΌμ§€λŠ” μ˜€ν•΄μ˜ μ†Œμ§€κ°€ μžˆλŠ” λ‚΄μš©μ„
15:01
how they can both spot and stop misleading stuff spreading
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λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κ³  쀑지할 수 μžˆλŠ” 방법을 μ²­μ€‘μ—κ²Œ κ΅μœ‘ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:05
online. So there are certain red flags that we look out for
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. λ”°λΌμ„œ
15:09
when we see something online that makes me think "Oh that
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μ˜¨λΌμΈμ—μ„œ "μ•„,
15:12
looks a bit suspicious". One of them will be these
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μ’€ μˆ˜μƒν•΄ λ³΄μ—¬μš”"라고 μƒκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” νŠΉμ • μœ„ν—˜ μ‹ ν˜Έκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
15:15
introductions I've mentioned where a friend's brother's
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λ‚΄κ°€ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•œ λ‰΄μš•μ—μ„œ
15:18
cousin's uncle who's a doctor in New York has said something
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μ˜μ‚¬μΈ 친ꡬ의 ν˜•μ œμ˜ μ‚¬μ΄Œμ˜ μ‚Όμ΄Œμ΄ 이런
15:22
or other. If we see an introduction like that it's
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μ €λŸ° 말을 ν•œ μ†Œκ°œμΌ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이와 같은 μ†Œκ°œλ₯Ό λ³Έλ‹€λ©΄ 그것은
15:25
probably not right and you need to get to the bottom of who
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μ˜³μ§€ μ•Šμ„ 것이며 κ·Έ 정보가 λˆ„κ΅¬μ—κ²Œμ„œ μ™”λŠ”μ§€ λ°‘λ°”λ‹₯에 도달해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:28
that information has come from.
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.
15:29
And also often posts will say 'you must read this - you must
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λ˜ν•œ μ’…μ’… κ²Œμ‹œλ¬Όμ—
15:33
share it' in capital letters or mismatched fonts and that can
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λŒ€λ¬Έμž λ˜λŠ” μΌμΉ˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” κΈ€κΌ΄λ‘œ '이 글을 읽어야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ³΅μœ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:37
also be another sign that something might be misleading.
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.
15:40
Another key thing that we look out for are posts that play on
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 주의λ₯Ό κΈ°μšΈμ΄λŠ” 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 핡심 사항은 우리의 감정을 자극 ν•˜λŠ” κ²Œμ‹œλ¬Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:45
our emotions, often boring, often accurate information is
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μ’…μ’… μ§€λ£¨ν•˜κ³  μ’…μ’… μ •ν™•ν•œ μ •λ³΄λŠ”
15:49
actually a bit more boring and it's the stuff that makes us
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사싀 쑰금 더 μ§€λ£¨ν•˜λ©° 우리λ₯Ό
15:52
angry or or even happy that seems to give us answers we
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ν™”λ‚˜κ²Œ ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 심지어 ν–‰λ³΅ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ°Ύκ³  있던 닡을 μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:55
were looking for that tends to be misleading.
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μ˜€ν•΄μ˜ μ†Œμ§€κ°€ μžˆλŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:58
So that sort of leads around to to our top tips for stopping
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λ”°λΌμ„œ κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ λ¦¬λ“œλŠ” 확산을 μ€‘μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 졜고의 팁으둜 μ΄μ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:01
the spread which which are essentially that we just need
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본질적으둜 μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
16:03
to pause and think and reflect before we share anything and
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무언가λ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•˜κΈ° 전에 μΌμ‹œ μ€‘μ§€ν•˜κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  λ°˜μ„±ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ©° 청쀑
16:08
repeating that message to audiences is incredibly
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μ—κ²Œ ν•΄λ‹Ή λ©”μ‹œμ§€λ₯Ό λ°˜λ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 것은 확산을
16:11
important in terms of stopping
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μ€‘μ§€ν•˜κ³  ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λŠ” μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:14
and tackling the spread of misleading stuff online.
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μ˜¨λΌμΈμ—μ„œ μ˜€ν•΄μ˜ μ†Œμ§€κ°€ μžˆλŠ” 것듀.
16:18
Hugo: Fascinating. Marianna Spring. Thanks for
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휴고: ν₯λ―Έλ‘­κ΅°μš”. λ§ˆλ¦¬μ•ˆλ‚˜ μŠ€ν”„λ§.
16:21
being with us.
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16:21
Marianna: Thank you.
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μš°λ¦¬μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ ν•΄μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
λ§ˆλ¦¬μ•ˆλ‚˜: κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:26
Hugo: So Sam, anything you'd like to pick up from what
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휴고: 그럼 μƒ˜,
16:28
Marianna just said?
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λ§ˆλ¦¬μ•ˆλ‚˜κ°€ 방금 ν•œ λ§μ—μ„œ μ•Œμ•„μ°¨λ¦¬κ³  싢은 게 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
16:29
Sam: Yes. She said lots and lots of interesting things but
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μƒ˜: λ„€. κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ§Žμ€ ν₯미둜운 것듀을 λ§ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
16:32
I'll only focus on two. She used the word 'misleading' a
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λ‚˜λŠ” 두 κ°€μ§€μ—λ§Œ 집쀑할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 'μ˜€ν•΄μ˜ μ†Œμ§€κ°€ μžˆλŠ”'μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό λͺ‡ 번 μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
16:36
couple of times. So 'misleading' is basically
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. λ”°λΌμ„œ 'μ˜€λ„'λŠ” 기본적으둜
16:39
something that is trying to make you think a certain way
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νŠΉμ • λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μƒκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€λ €κ³ 
16:44
but isn't telling you all of the facts. The other word she
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λͺ¨λ“  사싀을 μ•Œλ €μ£Όμ§€λŠ” μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ‚¬μš©ν•œ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ”
16:47
used was 'dodgy'. So this is basically something that is
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'dodgy'μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 이것은 기본적으둜
16:51
suspicious. You can't really trust it. It's quite an
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μ˜μ‹¬μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신은 그것을 μ •λ§λ‘œ 믿을 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ
16:55
informal word and it's an adjective.
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비곡식적인 단어이며 ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:59
Hugo: Thanks Sam, well that's about all we have time for. But
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휴고: κ³ λ§ˆμ›Œμš” μƒ˜, 그게 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ˜ μ „λΆ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
17:01
before we go, Sam please remind us of today's key vocabulary.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°€κΈ° 전에 μƒ˜, 였늘의 핡심 μ–΄νœ˜λ₯Ό μƒκΈ°μ‹œμΌœ μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
17:06
Sam: Of course. So today we looked at the phrase 'to raise
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μƒ˜: 물둠이죠. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ 'μœ„ν—˜ μ‹ ν˜Έλ₯Ό μ˜¬λ¦¬λ‹€'λΌλŠ” ν‘œν˜„μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
17:10
a red flag'. This is used when something about a post or a
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. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ κ²Œμ‹œλ¬Όμ΄λ‚˜
17:14
meme or an image for example makes you think that it might
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밈 λ˜λŠ” 이미지에 λŒ€ν•œ λ‚΄μš©μ΄
17:18
not be true or that it might be fake news.
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사싀이 μ•„λ‹ˆκ±°λ‚˜ κ°€μ§œ λ‰΄μŠ€μΌ 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€ λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:22
The verb 'to fact-check' is the process of checking the facts
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'팩트체크'λΌλŠ” λ™μ‚¬λŠ”
17:27
so trying to find out if something is true or not.
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μ–΄λ–€ 사싀이 사싀인지 μ•„λ‹Œμ§€ ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 사싀을 ν™•μΈν•˜λŠ” κ³Όμ •μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:31
If you 'debunk' something you show that it's not true.
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무언가λ₯Ό '폭둜'ν•˜λ©΄ 그것이 사싀이 μ•„λ‹˜μ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:35
And if you 'verify' something you show the opposite. So you
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그리고 무언가λ₯Ό '확인'ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έ λ°˜λŒ€λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은
17:38
show that it is true.
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그것이 μ‚¬μ‹€μž„μ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€. 무언가λ₯Ό
17:41
If you 'buy' or 'buy into' something, it means that
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'사닀' λ˜λŠ” ' 사닀'λŠ” 것은
17:44
you believe it. You think it's true.
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그것을 λ―ΏλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” λœ»μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신은 그것이 사싀이라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:48
If something is 'groundless', it has no evidence to support
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μ–΄λ–€ 것이 'κ·Όκ±°κ°€ μ—†λ‹€'λ©΄ 그것을 λ’·λ°›μΉ¨ν•  증거가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
17:51
it.
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.
17:52
Then we looked at 'misleading' which is something that makes
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그런 λ‹€μŒ λͺ¨λ“  사싀을 μ œμ‹œν•˜μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ νŠΉμ • λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μƒκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 'μ˜€λ„'에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
17:55
you think a certain way even though maybe it doesn't present
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17:59
all of the facts.
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.
18:01
And something 'dodgy' is something that is suspicious,
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그리고 'dodgy'λŠ” μ˜μ‹¬μŠ€λŸ½κ³ 
18:04
maybe not trustworthy.
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μ‹ λ’°ν•  수 μ—†λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:07
Hugo: Thank you very much Sam and thank you for watching this
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Hugo: Samμ—κ²Œ λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ 감사 ν•˜κ³ 
18:10
special at home version of Fake News, Fact and Fiction.
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κ°€μ§œ λ‰΄μŠ€, 사싀 및 ν—ˆκ΅¬μ˜ μ§‘μ—μ„œ 이 νŠΉλ³„ 버전을 μ‹œμ²­ν•΄ μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:12
Until next time, goodbye and stay safe.
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λ‹€μŒ μ‹œκ°„κΉŒμ§€ μ•ˆλ…•νžˆ κ³„μ„Έμš”.
18:17
Sam: Bye bye everyone.
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μƒ˜: λͺ¨λ‘λ“€ μ•ˆλ…•νžˆ κ³„μ„Έμš”.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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