Natanz: Iran blames Israel: BBC News Review

49,404 views ใƒป 2021-04-13

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hello and welcome to News Review from BBC Learning English.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ News Review์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:03
I'm Neil. Joining me is Catherine. Hello, Catherine.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•, ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ.
00:06
Hello, Neil. Hello, everybody. The story we're looking at today is of a
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์•ˆ๋…•, ๋‹. ๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ์•ˆ๋…•. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š”
00:10
cyber attack, which has happened on an underground nuclear facility in Iran.
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์ด๋ž€์˜ ์ง€ํ•˜ ํ•ต ์‹œ์„ค์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
If you want to test yourself on any of the vocabulary you
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00:20
hear in this programme, you can test yourself
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ์–ดํœ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ bbclearningenglish.com์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:22
on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
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.
00:25
Now, let's hear some more about that
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์ด์ œ
00:27
story from this BBC News report:
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์ด BBC News ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ๋“ค์–ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:49
Yes, it's a big story.
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๋„ค, ํฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
There has been a cyber attack on an underground nuclear facility in Iran.
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์ด๋ž€์˜ ์ง€ํ•˜ ํ•ต ์‹œ์„ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
Now, they'd just started using new, advanced machines called centrifuges
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์›์‹ฌ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ  ์ง„๋ณด๋œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
01:04
and now those machines no longer work. The Iranian minister...
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ž€ ์žฅ๊ด€...
01:09
the Iranian Foreign Minister has blamed Israel for the attack
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์ด๋ž€ ์™ธ๋ฌด์žฅ๊ด€์€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์„ ๋น„๋‚œ
01:13
and says his country will 'take revenge'.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ '๋ณต์ˆ˜'ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
Now, Israel hasn't commented, but Israeli public radio has said that
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์ด์ œ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ๊ณต์˜ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค๋Š”
01:24
yes, this was an attack by Mossad. Now, Mossad is the...
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์˜ˆ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ Mossad์˜ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ Mossad๋Š”...
01:29
the Israeli โ€“ excuse me โ€“ the Israeli Intelligence Service.
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์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ โ€“ ์‹ค๋ก€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ์ •๋ณด๊ตญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
OK. Well, you've been looking around at this story.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
You've picked out three really useful words. What are they?
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์ •๋ง ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด ์„ธ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊ณจ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?
01:42
Yes, today we are looking at: 'sabotage', 'outage' and 'ironclad'.
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์˜ˆ, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ', '์ค‘๋‹จ' ๋ฐ '์ฒ ๊ฐ‘'์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
'Sabotage', 'outage' and 'ironclad'.
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'์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ', '์ค‘๋‹จ' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์ฒ ๊ฐ‘'.
01:53
So, let's have a look at your first headline, please.
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์ž, ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
Yes, we'll start here in the UK with the BBC โ€“ the headline:
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์˜ˆ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜๊ตญ BBC์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋ชฉ์€
02:08
'Sabotage' โ€“ deliberate destruction of something
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'์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
to prevent a competitor's success.
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
Yes. Now, the spelling is: S-A-B-O-T-A-G-E.
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์˜ˆ. ์ด์ œ ์ฒ ์ž๋Š” S-A-B-O-T-A-G-E์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
The pronunciation:'sabotage'.
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๋ฐœ์Œ: '์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ'.
02:23
'-age' with that 'zjuh' sound at the end.
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๋์— 'zjuh' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” '-age'.
02:26
Yes, that lovely 'zjuh' sound that you get in 'television'
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๋„ค, 'ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „'์—์„œ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด 'zjuh' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
02:30
is at the end of 'sabotage'.
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'์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ'์˜ ๋์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
Yeah, and in this headline,
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ
02:35
'sabotage' is a noun, often used as a verb as well.
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'์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ'๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ข…์ข… ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
Frequently, we use 'sabotage' as a verb and we can often use it in
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์ž์ฃผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ'๋ฅผ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜๊ณ 
02:43
the passive to say somebody or something 'has been sabotaged'.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ '์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ๋‹นํ–ˆ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋กœ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
Yes, and there's a nice little fixed expression
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ผ ๋•Œ ์ข‹์€ ์ž‘์€ ๊ณ ์ • ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:51
for when it's a noun: an 'act of sabotage'.
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: '์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ ํ–‰์œ„'.
02:54
Yes, an 'act of sabotage'. So, if you do something that will
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์˜ˆ, '์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ ํ–‰์œ„'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
02:58
stop somebody else performing to their required standard or ability,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด๋‚˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:04
or if you do something that makes something else stop working properly,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ,
03:09
you are 'sabotaging' it or you are committing an 'act of sabotage'.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ '์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ'ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ '์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ ํ–‰์œ„'๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
Now, this word is neither formal nor informal.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ณต์‹๋„ ๋น„๊ณต์‹๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
It's used for both very serious things
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๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ผ๊ณผ
03:22
and also things which people might not think are very serious.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ผ ๋ชจ๋‘์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
Yes, absolutely. I mean, this nuclear facility โ€“ to stop a nuclear facility
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๋„ค ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์š”. ๋‚ด ๋ง์€, ์ด ํ•ต ์‹œ์„ค์€ โ€“ ํ•ต ์‹œ์„ค์ด
03:31
working deliberately is a very severe act of sabotage, but you can
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์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ ํ–‰์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
03:35
also use it in, kind of, domestic situations or personal situations.
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๊ฐ€์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
Imagine you've got two children entering a colouring competition,
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๋‘ ๋ช…์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ‰์น  ๋Œ€ํšŒ์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:46
and one of them hides the red pen so that the other one can't
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ํ•œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ํŽœ์„ ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๊ฐ€
03:49
finish his or her drawing. That's an 'act of sabotage'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ ํ–‰์œ„'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
Not a serious one โ€“ there's not going to be any massive consequences,
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์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
but it's still about deliberately stopping something happening the
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
04:02
way it should be, because they're a competitor, sometimes as revenge,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋กœ,
04:06
or because you just don't want them to finish or succeed.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
It's 'sabotage'.
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'์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
Yeah. There is a very British word for this as well,
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์‘. ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ์˜๊ตญ์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„
04:14
a very colloquial British word, which has a similar meaning.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด์ ์ธ ์˜๊ตญ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:19
Yes, 'to nobble'. Now, 'nobbled' means sabotage.
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๋„ค, '๋…ธ๋ธ”๋ง'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ '๋…ธ๋ธ”๋“œ'๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
It is mostly used in British English โ€“ and if you 'nobble' something,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ '๋…ธ๋ธ”๋ง'ํ•˜๋ฉด
04:26
again, you stop it being successful often in competitions or races.
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
I believe you're quite fond of betting on the horses,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ง์— ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ,
04:34
aren't you Neil? You like a horse race and a bet.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”? Neil? ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฒฝ๋งˆ์™€ ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Well, yes, there's a really famous horse race in the UK
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๋„ค,
04:40
called the Grand National that happened at the weekend.
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์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ทธ๋žœ๋“œ ๋‚ด์…”๋„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ์ •๋ง ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
My horse was completely useless, but I'm sure it must have been 'nobbled'.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์“ธ๋ชจ์—†์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ '๋…ธ๋ธ”๋“œ'์˜€์Œ์— ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†๋‹ค.
04:48
Or just... maybe you just picked the wrong horse, Neil?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ... ๋ง์„ ์ž˜๋ชป ๊ณจ๋ž๋‚˜๋ด, ๋‹?
04:52
Maybe... I usually do.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด... ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ๊ทธ๋ž˜.
04:55
OK. Let's have a summary:
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์š”์•ฝํ•˜์ž๋ฉด: ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
05:05
If you are interested in stories about cyber attacks, we have the
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:08
perfect one for you. Where can our viewers find it, Catherine?
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์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ , ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ?
05:12
All you have to do is click that link.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
OK. Let's have a look at our next headline.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋‹ค์Œ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Yes, we are now at arabnews.com โ€“ the headline:
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์˜ˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ arabnews.com์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ ์ œ๋ชฉ:
05:31
'Outage' โ€“ a period when a service,
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'์ •์ง€' โ€“ ์„œ๋น„์Šค,
05:34
often electricity, is not working.
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์ข…์ข… ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„.
05:36
Yes. Now, the spelling for this one is: O-U-T-A-G-E.
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์˜ˆ. ์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ฒ ์ž๋Š” O-U-T-A-G-E์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
It's a noun. The pronunciation is 'outage'.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์Œ์€ '์ •์ง€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
Yes. Interesting pronunciation again here. It ends in '-age',
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์˜ˆ. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋˜ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'sabotage'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ '-age'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š”๋ฐ
05:51
just like 'sabotage', but we don't say 'zjuh', do we?
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'zjuh'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ ?
05:55
No. In fact, it's '-tage', so we say 'sabotage',
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์•„๋‹ˆ ์‚ฌ์‹ค '-ํƒ€๊ฒŒ' ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ '์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ'๋ผ๊ณ 
06:00
but we say 'outage' and... Yes.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ '์ •์ „'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ ... ๋„ค.
06:03
It's just the way it is. People...
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๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค...
06:04
It is a kind of French pronunciation for 'sabotage',
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'sabotage'์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด ๋ฐœ์Œ
06:08
but a much more English, British English, way of saying 'outage'.
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์˜์–ด, ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด, 'outage'๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
Yeah. And the clue is in the word 'out', isn't it?
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์‘. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์„œ๋Š” 'out'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:16
Yeah, if something's out, it's not available, is it? So,
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์˜ˆ, ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
06:19
if the power is 'out' or if there is a 'power outage', there is no power.
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์ „์›์ด '๊บผ์ ธ' ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ '์ •์ „'์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ „์›์ด ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
Usually something's gone wrong. So, you should have power,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํž˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ
06:28
but you haven't got it. Then you have a 'power outage'.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ '์ •์ „'์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
Yeah and, as you said there, 'a power outage'. It's a countable noun.
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๋„ค, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹  ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ' ์ •์ „'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
Yes, it is. If you're very unlucky,
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šด์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
06:38
you will have several 'power outages' during one short period of time.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ '์ •์ „'์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:44
Yeah. Now, as you've said, it's often used with power: 'power outage'.
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์‘. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹  ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ '์ •์ „'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
It can be on its own, though โ€“ just an 'outage'.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ '์ •์ง€'์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
But there are some other expressions that have the same meaning.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋œป์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
Well, I mean, there's some other uses...
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ ๋ง์€, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ...
06:55
Oh yeah, we can say 'power cut'. You can... there can be a 'power cut',
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์˜ค ์˜ˆ, '์ „์› ์ฐจ๋‹จ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ... '์ •์ „'์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , '
06:58
there can be a 'blackout', and both of those have a similar
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์ •์ „'์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค '
07:01
meaning to an 'electrical outage' or a 'power outage'.
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์ •์ „' ๋˜๋Š” '์ •์ „'๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
Yeah. And it's also used for...
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์‘. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ...
07:09
not just the electricity, but things that are powered by electricity.
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์ „๊ธฐ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ „๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋™๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
Yeah. I mean, you can have, like, a 'telephone outage':
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์‘. ๋‚ด ๋ง์€, '์ „ํ™” ์ •์ „'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
the phone lines can be 'down'. And that's another word we use:
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์ „ํ™”์„ ์ด '๋‹ค์šด'๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
to say something's 'down' โ€“ to say it's not available.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ '๋‹ค์šด'๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ โ€“ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
Or there can be an 'internet outage', when you can't get online:
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๋˜๋Š” ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์— ์ ‘์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ '์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์ค‘๋‹จ'์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:26
that's an 'outage' as well.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ '์ •์ง€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
Absolutely. OK. Let's get a summary:
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์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์š”์•ฝํ•˜์ž๋ฉด
07:37
If you would like to hear another story about 'power outages',
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'์ •์ „'์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด
07:41
we have one from South Africa. Where can our viewers find it, Catherine?
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๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ?
07:46
All you have to do is the same as every time: just click that link.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๋งค๋ฒˆ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๊ทธ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
OK. Let's have a look at your next headline.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋‹ค์Œ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
OK. So, we are now in the United States with Politico and the headline:
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ Politico์™€ ํ‘œ์ œ:
08:05
'Ironclad' โ€“ impossible to change or weaken; completely definite.
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'Ironclad' โ€“ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•ฝํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ ํ™•์ •.
08:11
Yes. So, we have one word here: I-R-O-N-C-L-A-D โ€“ 'ironclad'.
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์˜ˆ. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” I-R-O-N-C-L-A-D๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ฒ ๊ฐ‘'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
It's actually made up of two words. We've got iron: I-R-O-N,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. I-R-O-N์€
08:24
which is the very, very, very strong metal.
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๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ธˆ์†์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
And then we have the wood 'clad': C-L-A-D โ€“ 'clad'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฌด 'ํด๋ž˜๋“œ'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: C-L-A-D โ€“ 'ํด๋ž˜๋“œ'.
08:32
And if you're 'clad' in something, you're clothed in it โ€“ it's about
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ '์ž…๋Š”๋‹ค'๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ท์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“
08:37
clothing โ€“ or you're wrapped in it, or you're surrounded by it,
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
08:41
or covered in it. So, a 'cladding' is a wrapping or a covering.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฎ์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 'ํด๋ž˜๋”ฉ'์€ ๊ฐ์‹ธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฎ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
OK. So, originally an 'ironclad ship' was a ship, a wooden ship,
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์›๋ž˜ ' ์ฒ ๊ฐ‘์„ '์€ ์ฒ ๋กœ ์ฝ”ํŒ…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฎ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์”Œ์šด ๋ฐฐ, ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ
08:53
that had an iron coating or covering and it made it really, really strong.
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์ •๋ง ํŠผํŠผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
Exactly that. Yeah, if you 'clad something in iron',
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ, '๋ฌด์‡ ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ž…ํžŒ' ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
09:02
you make it super, super strong.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
So, the world's first 'ironclad ship' was what, Neil โ€“ the name?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ' ์ฒ ๊ฐ‘์„ '์€ ๋ญ์•ผ, ๋‹ โ€“ ์ด๋ฆ„์€?
09:09
I think it's the HMS Warrior โ€“ that's the first British one anyway.
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HMS Warrior๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์˜๊ตญ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
OK. And that was the strongest ship in the entire fleet of ships,
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
09:19
because it was 'ironclad' โ€“ it was super strong.
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'์ฒ ๊ฐ‘'์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „์ฒด ํ•จ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
So, if you make an 'ironclad' promise, let's say, that is a really,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ '๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ' ์•ฝ์†์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ
09:27
really strong promise that nobody...
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์•ฝ์†์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„...
09:30
it's not going to be broken because it's super, super strong.
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๊นจ๋œจ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
Yeah. And we hear this word 'ironclad' with promise,
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์‘. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ironclad'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•ฝ์†๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:37
but also with guarantee, assurance.
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.
09:40
Yes. All of them, yeah.
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์˜ˆ. ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
If you are using it as an adjective for a noun like 'promise',
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'promise',
09:46
or 'guarantee', or 'assurance', it means it's a super,
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'guarantee', 'assurance'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งค์šฐ,
09:49
super strong promise or guarantee. So, I will give you โ€“ I know,
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์•ฝ์† ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณด์ฆ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹, ์•Œ์•„์š”
09:53
Neil, I'm sometimes late for our meetings and I do apologise,
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, ๊ฐ€๋” ํšŒ์˜์— ๋Šฆ์–ด์„œ ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
but I am now publicly giving you an 'ironclad' promise that I will never
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ์˜ ํšŒ์˜์— ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๋Šฆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” '์ฒ ํ†ตํ•œ' ์•ฝ์†์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
be late for a meeting with you for the rest of my life. How about that?
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๋‚ด ์—ฌ์ƒ. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ?
10:10
Brilliant. Is that a 'cast-iron' guarantee?
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๋ฉ‹์ง„. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '์ฃผ์ฒ ' ๋ณด์ฆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:13
It's a 'cast-iron' guarantee, yes.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '์ฃผ์ฒ ' ๋ณด์ฆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋„ค.
10:16
Another way of saying it. OK. Let's get a summary:
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์š”์•ฝํ•˜์ž๋ฉด:
10:27
Time now then for a recap of our vocabulary, please, Catherine.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค , ์บ์„œ๋ฆฐ.
10:31
Yes. We had: 'sabotage' โ€“ deliberate destruction of something to prevent
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์˜ˆ. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์‚ฌ๋ณดํƒ€์ฃผ' โ€“
10:36
a competitor's success. We had: 'outage' โ€“ period when a service,
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์ •์ง€' โ€“
10:42
often electrical, is not working.
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์ข…์ข… ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
And 'ironclad' โ€“ impossible to change or weaken; completely definite.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์ฒ ๊ฐ‘' โ€“ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•ฝํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ ํ™•์ •. ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„
10:51
If you'd like to test yourself on the vocabulary,
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ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:54
there's a quiz you can find on our website: bbclearningenglish.com.
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์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: bbclearningenglish.com.
10:58
And of course we are all over social media.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ „์ฒด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
Take care of yourselves and goodbye. Goodbye.
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์ž์‹ ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ž‘๋ณ„ ์ธ์‚ฌ. ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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