BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Personality' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocab!

35,055 views ใƒป 2025-01-05

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
00:02
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ทŒ.
00:05
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Alice.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค์˜ˆ์š”.
00:09
And I'm Neil. OK, Alice, I've got something for you here, a question.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”. ์ข‹์•„, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด. ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์–ด.
00:14
โ€” Yeah. โ€” You ready?
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- ์‘. โ€” ์ค€๋น„๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
00:15
Mm-hm.
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์Œ-์Œ.
00:16
What is the Mexican version of One Direction?
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์› ๋””๋ ‰์…˜์˜ ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ” ๋ฒ„์ „์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ?
00:20
Oh, um, no idea.
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์•„, ์Œ, ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
00:24
โ€” Juan Direction. Get it? โ€” Ohh!
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โ€” ํ›„์•ˆ ๋””๋ ‰์…˜. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”? โ€” ์˜ค์˜ค!
00:28
Very good.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€.
00:29
Juan Direction. You know?
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ํ›„์•ˆ ๋””๋ ‰์…˜. ์•Œ์ž–์•„?
00:31
Yes, yes, I get it.
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๋„ค, ๋„ค, ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
Never mind. Can you guess what the subject of today's show is instead?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‡ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ถ”์ธกํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
00:38
Is it bad jokes?
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๋‚˜์œ ๋†๋‹ด์ด์—์š”?
00:40
Oh, come on, that was a good little gag!
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์•„, ์ž ๊น, ๊ฝค ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋Š” ๋†๋‹ด์ด์—ˆ์–ด!
00:42
Yes. The subject of today's show is what makes us laugh.
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์˜ˆ. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‡ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์›ƒ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
And in this context, 'to get something',
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ '๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์–ป๋‹ค',
00:49
for example, a gag or joke, means 'to understand it'.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐœ๊ทธ๋‚˜ ๋†๋‹ด์€ '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
We all like to laugh โ€” well, not you, Alice, apparently โ€” but most of us do!
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์›ƒ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์›ƒ์–ด์š”!
00:58
It's good for our health,
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์ข‹๊ณ 
00:59
it reduces stress and releases feel-good hormones in the body.
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์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ค„์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ ๋ชธ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์„ ๋ถ„๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
Mm, OK, thank you, Neil.
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์Œ, ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‹.
01:06
But how about answering today's quiz question?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋‹ตํ•ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
01:10
Which Greek word means the study of laughter and its effects on the body?
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์›ƒ์Œ๊ณผ ์›ƒ์Œ์ด ์‹ ์ฒด์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:15
Is it a) risology? B) gelotology? Or c) comology?
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a) ๋ฆฌ์กธ๋ฃจ์…˜์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? B) ์ ค๋กœํ†จ๋กœ์ง€? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์ฝ”๋ชฐ๋กœ์ง€?
01:23
Mm, that's difficult and I'm going to say c) comology
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์Œ, ์–ด๋ ต๋„ค์š”.
01:29
because it's got the word 'comedy' in it, you see?
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'์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ c) ์ฝ”๋ชจ๋กœ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
01:32
Oh, very good. OK.
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์˜ค, ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
01:34
Well, we'll find out later if you're right.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š” .
01:37
Now, did you know, we rarely laugh when we're on our own?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š” ? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜ผ์ž ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์›ƒ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
01:41
Laughter is a social thing that we generally like to share with other people.
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์›ƒ์Œ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
Really? I laugh when I'm watching cartoons on my own, don't you, Alice?
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์ •๋ง? ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜ผ์ž ๋งŒํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์›ƒ์Œ์ด ๋‚˜์ง€, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค?
01:49
No, Neil, I don't.
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ๋‹, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•„.
01:51
Anyway, some researchers believe that the purpose of laughter
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ , ์ผ๋ถ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์›ƒ์Œ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด
01:55
is related to the way we bond with each other.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์œ ๋Œ€๊ฐ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:57
And the more we laugh, the more we bond as a group.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์›ƒ์„์ˆ˜๋ก, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋”์šฑ ๊ธด๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์œ ๋Œ€๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
Mm, interesting idea.
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์Œ, ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋„ค์š”.
02:02
It could explain why 'stand-up comedy' โ€”
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์ด๋Š” '์Šคํƒ ๋“œ์—… ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””', ์ฆ‰ '
02:05
'where a comedian performs in front of and talks directly to their audience' โ€”
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์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””์–ธ์ด ์ฒญ์ค‘ ์•ž์—์„œ ๊ณต์—ฐ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง์ ‘ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์ด
02:10
is very popular entertainment.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฝ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
But what does it take to keep your audience laughing?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒญ์ค‘์„ ๊ณ„์† ์›ƒ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ•„์š”ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
02:15
Let's listen to Steve Byrne, a successful US comedian talking about this.
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””์–ธ์ธ ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ๋ฒˆ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
The one single thing an aspiring comedian should do
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์•ผ์‹ฌ์ฐฌ ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””์–ธ์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋‹จ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์€, ์ž์‹ ์„ ์›ƒ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—
02:24
is to write, write, write and talk about the things that make them laugh.
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์“ฐ๊ณ , ์“ฐ๊ณ , ์“ฐ๊ณ , ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:30
Selfishly, it's time to be selfish, time to be a little narcissistic.
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์ด๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ด๊ธฐ์ ์ผ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์™”๊ณ , ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์€ ์ž๊ธฐ์• ์ ์ผ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
What is it that makes you laugh?
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์›ƒ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:34
Because that will get you closer to finding your voice,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
02:36
because ultimately, that's why people come see you.
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๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์˜ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
So comedians need to be selfish and narcissistic โ€”
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””์–ธ์€ ์ด๊ธฐ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ž๊ธฐ์• ์ ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”
02:45
that sounds pretty negative!
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๋ง์ด ๊ฝค ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š”!
02:47
Yes, it does.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
'Narcissistic' means 'being too interested in yourself' โ€”
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'๋‚˜๋ฅด์‹œ์‹œ์ฆ˜'์€ '์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
for example, your appearance or other personal qualities.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์™ธ๋ชจ ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
And 'aspiring' means 'wanting to be successful in your chosen career'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์—ด๋งํ•˜๋Š”'์€ ' ์ž์‹ ์ด ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์ง์—…์—์„œ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š”' ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
And what does Steve mean when he says comedians need to 'find their voice'?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””์–ธ๋“ค์ด '์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ?
03:05
Well, he means they need to 'talk about what they think'
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด
03:08
in a way that's 'unique' โ€” meaning 'unusual or special' โ€” to them.
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'๋…ํŠนํ•œ' ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ' ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ'ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ฆ‰, 'ํŠน์ดํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ฃ .
03:12
OK. Let's listen to Steve again
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๊ฐ€
03:15
talking about turning 40 and what he finds funny about that.
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40์‚ด์ด ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ 40์‚ด์ด ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
03:20
When you turn 40, you will hear this in your life
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40๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ด ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ๊ณ 
03:23
and, hopefully, you'll hear it the rest of your life.
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, ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ํ‰์ƒ ์ด ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
You look good for 40.
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40์„ธ์—๋„ ์ž˜์ƒ๊ฒผ์–ด.
03:27
You look good for 52.
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52์„ธ์—๋„ ์ž˜์ƒ๊ฒผ์–ด.
03:29
You look great for 63.
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63์„ธ์—๋„ ์ž˜์ƒ๊ฒผ์–ด.
03:30
You never hear that when you're young. You never hear you look good for 19.
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์–ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ง€. 19์‚ด์— ์ž˜์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์–ด์š”.
03:35
You think there's going to be some secret potion or some magic shortcut to it all.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋น„๋ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์•ฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ง€๋ฆ„๊ธธ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
03:39
It's writing and getting up on stage.
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๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:43
It takes a lot of perseverance and it's such a competitive occupation.
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์ •๋ง ์ธ๋‚ด์‹ฌ์ด ํ•„์š” ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ด ์น˜์—ดํ•œ ์ง์—…์ด์ฃ .
03:47
You know, you've just got to outwork everybody.
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์•„์‹œ์ฃ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
Well, we heard Steve making his audience laugh there.
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์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ์ฒญ์ค‘์„ ์›ƒ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ ธ์–ด์š” .
03:54
And by the way, Alice, you look fantastic for 40.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค, ๋„ˆ๋Š” 40์‚ด์— ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง€๋‹ค.
03:58
That's not funny, Neil. I'm only 39 and you know it.
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์›ƒ๊ธฐ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•„, ๋‹. ์ €๋Š” ๊ฒจ์šฐ 39์‚ด์ด์—์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ์•„์‹œ์ฃ .
04:01
Anyway, moving on, Steve says there's no magic potion or shortcut to success.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ , ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณต์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ฌผ์•ฝ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง€๋ฆ„๊ธธ์€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
You have to work hard, it doesn't happen by itself.
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
And 'perseverance' means
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์ธ๋‚ด'๋Š” '์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๋•Œ์—๋„
04:13
'to keep on trying to achieve something, even when it's difficult'.
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๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„์† ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ '์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
He says you have to 'outwork' everybody โ€”
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค '๋” ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ' ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
which means 'to work harder than everybody else'.
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์ฆ‰, ' ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
Steve certainly doesn't make comedy sound much fun, does he?
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์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””๋ฅผ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ฃ ?
04:26
No.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”.
04:27
In fact, some people say there's a connection between depression and comedy,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ๊ณผ ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋”” ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:30
that comedians can be introverted and depressive.
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์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””์–ธ์€ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
Is that right?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
04:35
'Introverts' are 'generally quiet people who are more interested
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'๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์€ '์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์œผ๋กœ,
04:38
'in their own thoughts and feelings than in spending time with other people'.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค '์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
Yes, you'd think that most comedians would be 'extroverts' โ€”
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๋„ค, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””์–ธ์€ '์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
04:45
'people who are lively and enjoy the company of others'.
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'ํ™œ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
04:48
OK, I think it's time for the answer to our quiz question, Neil.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๋‹ต์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š” , ๋‹. ์›ƒ์Œ๊ณผ ์›ƒ์Œ์ด ์‹ ์ฒด์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„
04:52
I asked which Greek word means the study of laughter and its effects on the body?
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์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:59
Is it a) risology? B) gelotology? Or c) comology?
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a) ๋ฆฌ์กธ๋ฃจ์…˜์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? B) ์ ค๋กœํ†จ๋กœ์ง€? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์ฝ”๋ชฐ๋กœ์ง€?
05:06
Yes. I said c) comology, which I think I'm beginning to regret now.
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์˜ˆ. ์ €๋Š” c) ์ฝ”๋ชฐ๋กœ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ํ›„ํšŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
05:12
Yes, well, indeed.
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๋„ค, ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
Sorry, I'm afraid that's the wrong answer.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ์ •๋‹ต์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
It's actually b) gelotology โ€”
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” b) ์ ค๋กœํ†จ๋กœ์ง€(gelotology)์ธ๋ฐ,
05:21
which comes from the Greek word 'gelos', meaning 'laughter'.
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์ด๋Š” '์›ƒ์Œ'์„ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด '๊ฒ”๋กœ์Šค(gelos)'์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:25
OK. You can stop sniggering now, Alice, and just tell us today's words once again.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค, ์ด์ œ ํ‚ฌํ‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:29
All right then, here they are.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
Get something, for example, a joke.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋†๋‹ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:35
Gag.
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๊ฐœ๊ทธ.
05:37
Stand-up comedy.
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์Šคํƒ ๋“œ์—… ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””.
05:40
Narcissistic.
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์ž๊ธฐ์• ์ .
05:43
Aspiring.
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์•ผ๋ง์ .
05:46
Unique.
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๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ.
05:49
Perseverance.
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์ธ๋‚ด.
05:52
Outwork.
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์™ธ๊ทผ.
05:54
Introverts.
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ.
05:56
Extroverts.
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์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ.
05:58
Well, that just about brings us to the end of today's 6 Minute English.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
โ€” See you next time, bye-bye. โ€” Goodbye.
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โ€”๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ด์š”, ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”. - ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
06:04
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
06:06
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ทŒ.
06:09
Hello, and welcome to 6 Minute English, I'm Neil and joining me today is Rob.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด๊ณ , ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋กญ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
Hello!
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
06:15
So, Rob, what's the most dangerous thing you've ever chosen to do?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๋กญ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์„ ํƒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ผ์€ ๋ญ์˜€์–ด ?
06:19
Mm, tricky question.
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์Œ, ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋„ค์š”.
06:21
I've done many risky things,
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์ €๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ด๋ดค
06:22
but probably the most risky thing is bungee jumping in New Zealand.
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์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ผ์€ ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ์—์„œ ๋ฒˆ์ง€ ์ ํ”„๋ฅผ ํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:27
Oh wow, bungee jumping. You'd never catch me doing that. Did you enjoy it?
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์™€, ๋ฒˆ์ง€์ ํ”„๋ผ๋‹ˆ. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ง“์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ. ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
06:31
Not really, no. I won't do it again!
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”!
06:34
OK, well today our topic is risk and how different people react
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์œ„ํ—˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:39
to different levels of risk in different ways.
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.
06:41
For example, would you be happy to be in a driverless car?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šด์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ํƒ€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:46
Absolutely not! No, I don't trust anybody's driving, even a computer.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์•„๋‹ˆ, ์ €๋Š” ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ผ๋„์š”.
06:51
So no, I wouldn't go in a driverless car.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฌด์ธ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
OK, I won't offer you a lift! Driverless cars are the topic of today's quiz.
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”. ํƒœ์›Œ๋‹ค ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฒŒ์š”! ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์ธ์ž๋™์ฐจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
The question is
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
06:58
when was the first driverless car demonstrated on a public road?
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์–ธ์ œ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๋ฌด์ธ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ณต ๋„๋กœ์—์„œ ์‹œ์—ฐ๋๋Š”๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
Was it a) the 1970s? b) the 1950s? Or c) the 1920s?
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a) 1970๋…„๋Œ€์˜€๋‚˜์š”? b) 1950๋…„๋Œ€? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) 1920๋…„๋Œ€?
07:09
I think they're quite modern, so I'm going to say 1970s.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ํ˜„๋Œ€์  ์ด๋ผ 1970๋…„๋Œ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
OK, well, we'll find out if you're right at the end of the programme.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ๊ฒŒ .
07:17
Joe Kable is an Associate Professor of Psychology
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์กฐ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ”์€
07:21
at the University of Pennsylvania.
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ํŽœ์‹ค๋ฒ ์ด๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™ ๋ถ€๊ต์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
In a recent BBC science programme, All In The Mind,
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์ตœ๊ทผ BBC์˜ ๊ณผํ•™ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ ' ์˜ฌ ์ธ ๋” ๋งˆ์ธ๋“œ'์—์„œ
07:26
he talked about the psychology of risk
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
07:29
and whether there was anything physically in our brains
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, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‡Œ ์†์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
07:32
that could predict how much risk we are prepared to accept.
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์œ„ํ—˜์˜ ์–‘์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:36
Here he is, first talking about a number of different ways people see risk.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋จผ์ € ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
How many different types does he describe?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
07:44
Some people are quite risk-averse and really don't want to take any decisions
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฐ์ •๋„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”
07:49
where there's risk involved at all,
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07:51
whereas others are fairly risk-tolerant,
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ 
07:54
and in some cases even risk-seeking,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ
07:56
so they seek out decisions that have an aspect of risk to them.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด, ๊ทธ๋Š”
08:01
How many different types of people did he mention,
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š”
08:03
when it comes to attitudes to risk?
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?
08:05
Well, there were three.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์„ธ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:07
The first group was those who are risk-averse.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ํšŒํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
If you are 'averse' to something, you are 'against it, you don't like it'.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— 'ํ˜์˜ค๊ฐ'์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— '๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
So risk-averse people don't like to take risks.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ํšŒํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
The second group are those who are risk-tolerant.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
If you are 'tolerant' of something,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด '๊ด€์šฉ์ '์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
08:23
you 'accept it, you don't mind it, it's not a problem for you'.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ '์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
So someone who is risk-tolerant
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์—
08:28
is not worried by an element of risk in what they choose to do.
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์œ„ํ—˜ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:32
The third group he mentioned are those who are risk-seeking.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋‹ค.
08:36
If you seek something, you actively look for it, you try to find it.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐพ๊ณ , ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
08:41
So risk seekers are those who enjoy risk and want to take risks in their life.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜์ถ”๊ตฌ์ž๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‚ถ์—์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
Associate Professor Kable carried out research on risk-taking
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์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ๋ถ€๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ,
08:51
and discovered that there were differences in brain structure
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08:54
and the way parts of the brain work together
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08:56
between those who are risk-averse
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์œ„ํ—˜ ํšŒํ”ผํ˜• ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
08:58
and those who are risk-tolerant or risk seekers.
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๊ณผ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๋˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ˜• ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ๋‡Œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๋‡Œ์˜ ๊ฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
So it seems as if this is something that could be measured.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ฑด ์ธก์ •์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
You could put someone in a brain scanner and tell if they like risk or not.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‡Œ ์Šค์บ๋„ˆ์— ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
09:09
I wonder how useful that would be though โ€”
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์œ ์šฉํ• ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜๋„ค์š”. ์ด ์ง€์‹์„
09:11
is there any practical application for this knowledge?
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์‹ค์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š” ?
09:14
Good question and one that was put to Kable.
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์ข‹์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์ด๋„ค์š”. ์ผ€์ด๋ธ”์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
09:17
What area does he say this could be applied to?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ„์•ผ ์— ์ ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:21
Definitely something that I can see coming out of this
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ
09:23
is using these associations to help develop better assessments
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
09:30
of who's likely to take risks versus not.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
This is exactly the thing that financial advisors want to assess
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์ด๋Š”
09:37
when you come to them and say 'I want to put my money away for retirement'.
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๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ' ์€ํ‡ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ˆ์„ ๋”ฐ๋กœ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์žฌ์ • ์ž๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ
09:42
Exactly the aspect of your personality that they want to know
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
09:45
is what's your tolerance for taking risk?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ๋‚ด์‹ฌ์ด ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
In which area does he say
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๊ทธ๋Š”
09:50
knowledge of someone's attitude to risk might be useful?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์œ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:53
Financial planning.
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์žฌ์ • ๊ณ„ํš.
09:55
He says that financial advisors,
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๊ทธ๋Š”
09:57
who are people that give advice on what to do with our money,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌ์ • ์ž๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด
10:00
would find this information very useful.
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์ด ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
It would help them to 'assess' what to do with your money,
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ์ง€ 'ํ‰๊ฐ€'ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋ฉฐ,
10:06
which means it would 'help them to decide',
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์ด๋Š”
10:08
to make an intelligent decision about your money in certain situations.
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ํŠน์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
For example, if you're planning for your retirement.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์€ํ‡ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
10:15
'Retirement' is 'the time when are able to or you have to stop working'.
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'์€ํ‡ด'๋Š” ' ์ผ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋•Œ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
He also used an interesting expression there โ€” to 'put your money away',
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋ˆ์„ ์น˜์›Œ ๋‘๋‹ค'๋Š”
10:24
which means 'save your money',
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๋œป์ธ๋ฐ, '๋ˆ์„ ์ €์ถ•ํ•˜๋‹ค',
10:25
'put it somewhere where you can't spend it and where it can grow'.
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'์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ  ๋ˆ์ด ์ž๋ž„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ๋‘๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—
10:29
You know, I think my financial planner
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๊ธˆ์œต ๊ธฐํš์ž๋Š” ๋‡Œ ์Šค์บ”์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
10:31
could just ask me about how I feel about risk rather than giving me a brain scan.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š” .
10:36
I heard brain scans can be risky!
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๋‡Œ ์Šค์บ”์€ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”!
10:38
Mm, not sure that's true, but anyway,
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์–ด์จŒ๋“ 
10:40
what is true is the answer to this week's quiz question.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๋‹ต์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
I asked you when the first driverless car was demonstrated on a public road.
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์ €๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๋ฌด์ธ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ณต ๋„๋กœ์—์„œ ์‹œ์—ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
The options were a) the 1970s? b) the1950s? and c) the 1920s?
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์˜ต์…˜์€ a) 1970๋…„๋Œ€? b) 1950๋…„๋Œ€? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  c) 1920๋…„๋Œ€?
10:55
What did you say Rob?
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๋กญ, ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด?
10:56
I said the 1970s.
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์ €๋Š” 1970๋…„๋Œ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
10:58
And you were wrong, I'm afraid.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
Apparently it was the 1920s, so a long time ago.
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๋ถ„๋ช… 1920๋…„๋Œ€์˜€์œผ๋‹ˆ, ๊ฝค ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „์ด์ฃ .
11:05
Well done if you got that right.
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๋งžํžˆ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ž˜ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
Now before we drive off into the sunset, let's recap today's vocabulary.
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์ด์ œ ์ผ๋ชฐ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
Yes, right, first we had three words describing different attitudes to risk.
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๋„ค, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
There was 'risk-averse., for 'people who don't like risk'.
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์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ผ์ปซ๋Š” '์œ„ํ—˜ ํšŒํ”ผํ˜•'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
'People who don't mind risk' are 'risk-tolerant'.
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'์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๋งˆ๋‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์€ '์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
And 'people who like risk and want risk' are 'risk seekers'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ข‹์•„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์€ '์œ„ํ—˜ ์ถ”๊ตฌ์ž'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
Next we had the verb 'to assess'.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” 'ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
This means 'to make a judgement or a decision based on information'.
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์ด๋Š” ' ์ •๋ณด์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒ๋‹จ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
A phrase meaning 'to save money' is to 'put money away'.
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'๋ˆ์„ ์ €์ถ•ํ•œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์˜ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋Š” '๋ˆ์„ ๋”ฐ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
And finally we had 'retirement',
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์€ํ‡ด',
11:38
'that time of life when you are too old to work any more
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' ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋งŒํผ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ
11:41
'or you have enough money that you don't need to work any more'.
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๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ผํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๋งŒํผ ๋ˆ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์‚ถ์˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ'๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
Are you looking forward to your retirement, Rob?
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๋กญ, ์€ํ‡ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
11:47
Cheeky. I'm neither old enough nor rich enough to even think about that, Neil!
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๋ป”๋ป”์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด. ๋‹, ๋‚œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•  ๋งŒํผ ๋‚˜์ด๋„ ์—†๊ณ  ๋ˆ๋„ ์—†์–ด!
11:51
Same here.
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์ €๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ˆ์š”.
11:53
Well, that's all from us today, and you don't have to be a risk seeker
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
to find us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube,
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Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube์—์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:00
and, of course, on our website BBC Learning English dot com.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  BBC Learning English dot com ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์—์„œ๋„ ์ฐพ์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
โ€” Thank you for joining us and goodbye. โ€” Bye-bye.
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โ€” ์ฐธ์„ํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”. - ์•ˆ๋…•.
12:07
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
12:09
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ทŒ.
12:12
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
12:15
And I'm Alice.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค์˜ˆ์š”.
12:16
So, Alice, how did you spend Saturday night?
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์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค, ํ† ์š”์ผ ๋ฐค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋‹ˆ ?
12:18
Curled up on the sofa with a good book. You?
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์ข‹์€ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์†ŒํŒŒ์— ๋ชธ์„ ์›…ํฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆ?
12:21
I went out on the town. Met some friends, had a few drinks, then went on to a party.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์„๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”๋‹ค. ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ , ๋ช‡ ์ž” ์ˆ ์„ ๋งˆ์‹  ํ›„, ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
Well, that illustrates the difference between us โ€” you're an extrovert.
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์ž–์•„์š”.
12:30
And I'm not.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‡ผ๋Š”
12:32
And where we are on the spectrum between introvert and extrovert
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:36
is the subject of today's show.
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.
12:38
So would you call yourself an introvert, Alice?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š” ?
12:41
No, I'm an 'ambivert', which means 'a mixture of introvert and extrovert'.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ' ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ '๊ณผ '์™ธํ–ฅ์ '์ด ์„ž์ธ '์–‘๋ฉด์ ' ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
Well, whichever you are, Alice,
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์ด๋“ , ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค,
12:48
staying in on your own on a Saturday night is pretty boring!
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ํ† ์š”์ผ ๋ฐค์— ํ˜ผ์ž ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜์ž–์•„!
12:51
Not to me. And you shouldn't be so judgemental, Neil.
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•„. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹, ๋„ˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํŒ๋‹จ์ ์ด์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ผ.
12:55
You're reflecting the general view that people seem to have these days,
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์š”์ฆ˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
that being an introvert is somehow less valuable than being an extrovert.
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์ฆ‰, ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
Introverts have many valuable qualities.
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•œ ์ž์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
They're 'reflective' โ€” that means 'thoughtful' โ€” and have 'inner resources'.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ '์„ฑ์ฐฐ์ '์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, '์‚ฌ๋ ค ๊นŠ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ณ , '๋‚ด๋ฉด์˜ ์ž์›'์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
In other words, they 'don't rely on other people to enjoy themselves'.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ' ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'.
13:14
OK, well, if you're feeling reflective at the moment,
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์„ฑ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:16
how about answering today's quiz question?
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋‹ตํ•ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
13:18
OK.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
13:19
Can you tell me who first used the term 'extrovert'?
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'์™ธํ–ฅ์ '์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:22
Was it a) Sigmund Freud? b) Friedrich Nietzsche? Or c) Carl Jung?
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a) ์ง€๊ทธ๋ฌธํŠธ ํ”„๋กœ์ดํŠธ์˜€๋‚˜์š”? b) ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌํžˆ ๋‹ˆ์ฒด? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์นผ ์œต?
13:28
I think the answer is c) Carl Jung.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋‹ต์€ c) ์นผ ์œต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
Well, we'll find out if you got the answer right or not later in the show.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์‡ผ์—์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์„ ๋งžํ˜”๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
But before we get there, let's listen to Lisa Kaenzig,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ „์— ๋จผ์ €
13:38
researcher and Associate Dean for William Smith College, New York State,
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๋‰ด์š• ์ฃผ๋ฆฝ ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ์Šค๋ฏธ์Šค ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์ด์ž ๋ถ€ํ•™์žฅ์ธ ๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ ์บ”์ง€๊ทธ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
13:42
telling us a bit more about what being an introvert typically means.
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ข€ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์ฃผ์ฃ  .
13:47
Introverts are people of any age
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‚˜์ด์— ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด
13:49
who really get their energy from within themselves
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์—์„œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ณ 
13:52
and who often have sort of a running dialogue in their head going on,
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์ข…์ข… ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์—์„œ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ฉฐ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ
13:56
thinking before they're talking,
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์ „์— ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
13:58
like to have a little more time to think through things
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์ข€ ๋” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
before they're commenting on them or answering a question,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ง ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์™ธ์—๋„, ํ˜ผ์ž ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
14:03
need some time to recharge their batteries by being by themselves
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์ „
14:07
and enjoy having alone time.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜ผ์ž ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ฆ๊ธธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:10
Lisa Kaenzig there, who says that introverts
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๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ ์บ”์ง€๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
14:13
think about what they're going to say before they say it.
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๋งํ•  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:16
Hm, do you do that, Neil?
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์‘, ๋‹, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฐ ํ•ด?
14:17
Nope!
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”!
14:18
Um, you should try it sometime.
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์Œ, ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:21
Now, Lisa also talks about the different ways people 'recharge their batteries' โ€”
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์ด์ œ Lisa๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด '๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žฌ์ถฉ์ „'ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
introverts tend to need time alone to 'regain their strength and energy'
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ 'ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜' '๋งค์šฐ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•  ๋•Œ' ' ํž˜๊ณผ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด' ํ˜ผ์ž ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ
14:30
when they're feeling 'drained' โ€” or 'very tired' โ€”
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14:33
whereas extroverts often prefer to recharge by being with other people.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… ํ˜ผ์ž ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์žฌ์ถฉ์ „ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:37
So introverts create their energy internally โ€” from within themselves โ€”
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์—์„œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ 
14:41
and extroverts recharge from being with other people.
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, ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์žฌ์ถฉ์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:44
Exactly. But in some situations, for example, at school or in the workplace,
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•™๊ต๋‚˜ ์ง์žฅ ๋“ฑ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ
14:49
things can be made suitable for extroverts.
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์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:52
Extroverts typically love being with others โ€”
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์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
in a big class or an open plan office โ€” where there's a lot going on.
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๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ฐ•์˜์‹ค์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ˜• ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
They enjoy the external stimulation.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ž๊ทน์„ ์ฆ๊ธด๋‹ค.
15:03
But introverts can find these big, noisy environments uncomfortable.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
I can see that.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”.
15:09
And these days, people are wild about group work and brainstorming โ€”
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์š”์ฆ˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ํ™œ๋™๊ณผ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ธ์Šคํ† ๋ฐ์— ์—ด๊ด‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:12
job ads frequently ask if you are a people person, a team player and so on.
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๊ตฌ์ธ ๊ด‘๊ณ ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ข‹์€์ง€, ํŒ€์›Œํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€์ง€ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
That's right.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
15:18
Introverts like to work alone or in small groups
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ˜ผ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
15:22
and need a quieter space to perform well.
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, ์ข‹์€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋ฉด ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:24
Let's listen now to Dr Peter Aloka, a researcher and psychologist in Kenya.
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์ด์ œ ์ผ€๋ƒ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์ด์ž ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž์ธ ํ”ผํ„ฐ ์•Œ๋กœ์นด ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:31
He's been working with introvert teenage mothers in Bondo
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ถœ์‚ฐ ํ›„ ํ•™๊ต๋กœ ๋ณต๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณธ๋„์˜ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ 10๋Œ€ ์—„๋งˆ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•ด ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ,
15:34
who are returning to school after having their babies
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15:37
and schools are being asked to develop new strategies to support their learning.
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์˜ ํ•™์Šต์„ ์ง€์›ํ•  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „๋žต์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:43
Introverts might find it easier working in groups,
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
15:46
but with smaller groups, and they work in pairs with extroverts.
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, ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด ์ž‘์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
The teachers should design a classroom for all the students too, to contribute.
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๊ต์‚ฌ ์—ญ์‹œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ต์‹ค์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
Whenever a teacher is teaching a question in class, let them,
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๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘์— ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ,
16:02
allow for wait time for students to process the information
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ฃผ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:06
before answering the question,
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16:07
just for people to think through that question.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นŠ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์—์š” .
16:10
Thinking, pairing, and sharing โ€”
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์ง์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ , ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:13
those three strategies will help the introverts to speak out.
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์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ „๋žต์€ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ํ„ฐ๋†“๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:19
Dr Peter Aloka is talking about some very clever pairing there.
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ํ”ผํ„ฐ ์•Œ๋กœ์นด ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์กฐํ•ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:23
If you put two introverts together, they might not say anything.
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋‘ ๋ช…์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์„ธ์›Œ ๋†“์œผ๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ ์•„๋ฌด ๋ง๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:26
An extrovert is likely to talk, but won't 'intimidate' โ€” or 'overpower' โ€”
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์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ง์„ ์ž˜ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ง‘๋‹จ์—์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‚ดํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋ฅผ '์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜' '์••๋„'ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:30
their introvert partner as much as a large group would.
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.
16:33
So the idea is that with fewer people โ€” in a small group or a pair โ€”
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ๋” ์ ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์ฆ‰ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด๋‚˜ ๋‘˜์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•  ๋•Œ
16:39
the introvert will have enough time and space to express their ideas.
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:43
And because their ideas have been thought through โ€” or carefully considered โ€”
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
16:48
their contribution is likely to be worth waiting for.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
So, think, pair, share.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์ง์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ , ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:54
Hmm, I like that.
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์ข‹๋„ค์š”.
16:56
OK, so I think it's time to share the answer to today's quiz question.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:59
I asked who first used the term 'extrovert'?
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'์™ธํ–ฅ์ '์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
Was it a) Sigmund Freud? b) Friedrich Nietzsche? Or c) Carl Jung?
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a) ์ง€๊ทธ๋ฌธํŠธ ํ”„๋กœ์ดํŠธ์˜€๋‚˜์š”? b) ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌํžˆ ๋‹ˆ์ฒด? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์นผ ์œต?
17:07
I said Carl Jung.
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์ €๋Š” ์นผ ์œต์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:10
And you were right, Alice.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์•˜์–ด์š”, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค.
17:12
So thinking things through really works!
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”! 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์Šค์œ„์Šค ์ •์‹ ๊ณผ์˜์‚ฌ ์นผ ์œต์˜ ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
17:15
'Introvert' and 'extrovert' are the two basic personality types
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'๋‚ด์„ฑ์ '๊ณผ '์™ธํ–ฅ์ '์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ ์œ ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:18
according to the theories of the 20th-century Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung.
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.
17:23
According to these theories,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด,
17:24
an introvert is a person whose interest lies with their own feelings and thoughts,
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๋‚ดํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ณ ,
17:28
in contrast to an extrovert,
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์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
17:30
whose interest lies with other people and the outside world.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:34
OK. Now, let's hear the words we learned today.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ด์ œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:37
Ambivert.
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์–‘๋ฉด์ .
17:39
Reflective.
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๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ์ .
17:40
Inner resources.
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๋‚ด๋ฉด์˜ ์ž์›.
17:42
Recharge their batteries.
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๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์ „ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
17:45
Drained.
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๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋จ.
17:46
Intimidate.
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์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๋‹ค.
17:48
Thought through.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.
17:49
Well, that's the end of this edition of 6 Minute English. Join us again soon.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”.
17:53
Meanwhile, visit our website, BBC Learning English dot com,
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๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ BBC Learning English dot com์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด, ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ณ  ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
17:57
where you'll find guides to grammar, exercises, videos
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ, ์—ฐ์Šต๋ฌธ์ œ, ์˜์ƒ
17:59
and articles to read and improve your English.
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๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:02
And we are on social media too.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:04
Make sure to visit our profiles on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube.
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Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube์—์„œ ์ €ํฌ ํ”„๋กœํ•„์„ ๊ผญ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
18:09
โ€” Goodbye. โ€” Goodbye.
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- ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”. - ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
18:11
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
18:13
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ทŒ.
18:16
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Sophie.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์†Œํ”ผ์˜ˆ์š”.
18:19
โ€” And I'm Neil. โ€” How was your weekend, Neil?
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โ€” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”. โ€” ์ฃผ๋ง์€ ์–ด๋• ์–ด์š”, ๋‹?
18:22
Well, not great.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ฉ ์ข‹์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•„์š”.
18:24
I hadn't got anything planned, so I didn't see anyone for two days
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์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ดํ‹€ ๋™์•ˆ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ณ 
18:28
and to be honest, I felt very lonely!
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, ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์™ธ๋กœ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๋‚ด ๋ฑƒ์†์—
18:31
There was a real physical feeling in the pit of my stomach.
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์ •๋ง ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:35
Oh, poor Neil!
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์˜ค, ๋ถˆ์Œํ•œ ๋‹!
18:36
You do sound really 'down in the dumps' and that means 'unhappy'.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •๋ง '์šฐ์šธํ•ด' ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๋ฐ , ๊ทธ ๋ง์€ '๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
18:41
Well, the subject of today's show is loneliness.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‡ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์ด์—์š”.
18:44
And 'loneliness' is sometimes described as 'a social pain' โ€”
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์™ธ๋กœ์›€'์€ ๋•Œ๋กœ '์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ณ ํ†ต'์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
18:48
a pain that tells us that we're 'isolated' โ€”
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€ '๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ณ ํ†ต
18:51
or 'lacking contact with others' โ€”
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์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, '๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ์˜ ์ ‘์ด‰์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ณ ํ†ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:53
which motivates us to seek out companionship.
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฐ˜์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋„๋ก ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:57
I'd no idea that feeling lonely had a biological explanation!
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์™ธ๋กœ์›€์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ ์ธ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์–ด์š”! ์†Œํ”ผ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด
19:00
How does being sociable help us, as a species, then, Sophie?
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์‚ฌ๊ต์„ฑ์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ข…์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋‚˜์š” ?
19:04
It's all about 'cooperation' โ€” or 'working together to get something done' โ€”
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๋ชจ๋‘ 'ํ˜‘๋™'์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, 'ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์™„์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:09
for example, finding food.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์Œ์‹์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ์ผ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:11
Well, I suppose I cooperated with the pizza delivery guy for a shared outcome.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ํ”ผ์ž ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ์›๊ณผ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด์„œ ๊ณต๋™์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
19:16
You paid him and he gave you the pizza?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์–ด์š”?
19:19
Exactly, but it wasn't a socially enriching experience.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ’์š”๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:23
That's the bad thing about London โ€”
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ๋‚˜์œ ์ ์€
19:25
you can feel lonely, even surrounded with people.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ์–ด๋„ ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์—์š”. ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”
19:28
It isn't easy to meet people you really like,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ ,
19:30
so often you might as well just be on your own.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ˜ผ์ž ์ง€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์„ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:33
Good point.
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์ข‹์€ ์ง€์ ์ด๋„ค์š”.
19:34
And I have a question about cities and living alone, Neil,
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๋‹, ์ €๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์™€ ํ˜ผ์ž ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:37
because it's on the rise.
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. ์š”์ฆ˜ ํ˜ผ์ž ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
19:39
Which country has the highest proportion of people living on their own?
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์–ด๋Š ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์ž ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€๊ฐ€์š”?
19:44
Is it a) the US? B) Japan? Or c) Sweden?
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a) ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? B) ์ผ๋ณธ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์Šค์›จ๋ด?
19:48
Well, I'm going to guess b) Japan.
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์Œ, ์ œ ์ถ”์ธก์€ b) ์ผ๋ณธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:53
OK, we'll see if you got that right later on in the show.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋ฐฉ์†ก์—์„œ ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”.
19:56
So, getting back to loneliness โ€” the idea is that because it makes us feel bad,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ, ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ๋‚˜์˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
20:02
it motivates us to go out and meet people.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋„๋ก ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:05
Some people are more likely to feel lonely than others
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋Š๋ผ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ
20:08
because our genes play a role in this tendency.
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์ด์œ ๋Š” ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋„
20:11
I wonder if I inherited loneliness genes.
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์™ธ๋กœ์›€ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›์•˜์„๊นŒ.
20:14
I don't know, Neil,
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Neil,
20:15
but while in some situations being lonely may be a good thing,
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๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์™ธ๋กœ์›€
20:19
because it encourages you to be sociable, in other situations,
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์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์‚ฌ๊ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์„
20:23
it may be useful to 'tolerate' โ€” or 'put up with' โ€” loneliness.
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'๊ฒฌ๋ŽŒ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ' ๋˜๋Š” '์ฐธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์ด ์œ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. . ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•”์Šคํ…Œ๋ฅด๋‹ด ์ž์œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜
20:27
Let's listen to Professor Dorret Boomsma
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๋„๋ › ๋ถ์Šค๋งˆ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:30
at the Vrije University in Amsterdam talking about this.
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.
20:36
So the intriguing question is why do genes that influence loneliness still exist?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์™œ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:42
And one explanation is that probably they do not only have negative effects.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:49
In some situations, it is an advantage
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์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š”
20:53
to be able to tolerate high levels of loneliness
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๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์„ ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด์ ์ด ๋˜๋ฉฐ
20:57
and that is why the genes are maintained in the population.
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, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋‚ด์— ์œ ์ง€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:02
So, inheriting genes for loneliness might not be a bad thing. Why's that, Neil?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์™ธ๋กœ์›€ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค. ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊นŒ์š”, ๋‹? ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ํ˜ผ์ž
21:08
Because it means you can tolerate being alone for a long time without feeling bad.
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์žˆ์–ด๋„ ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ ์—†์ด ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š” .
21:13
Well, that's an 'intriguing' โ€” or 'very interesting' โ€” idea.
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด 'ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด' โ€” ํ˜น์€ '๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด' โ€” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์˜ˆ์š”.
21:17
But it shows that you probably don't have those genes, Neil,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์š”.
21:21
because you did feel bad at the weekend.
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์ฃผ๋ง์— ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๋‚˜๋นด์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
21:23
Mm, that's true.
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”.
21:24
And actually, that was despite spending a lot of time on Facebook,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋žฌ๊ณ ,
21:28
and that's a form of social contact.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ ‘์ด‰์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:30
But does all the tweeting, messaging, and chatting online that we do
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ, ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€, ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ
21:33
make us lonelier, because we're getting out less and meeting fewer people?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์™ธ์ถœ์„ ๋œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ์™ธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”?
21:38
Or do virtual connections stop us from feeling lonely?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์„ ๋ง‰์•„์ค„๊นŒ?
21:41
Those are intriguing questions.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋„ค์š”.
21:43
Let's listen to Professor Eric Klinenberg, sociologist at New York University
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๋‰ด์š• ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์ž์ด์ž
21:48
and author of a book about living alone. He talks about this.
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ํ˜ผ์ž ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์˜ ์ €์ž์ธ ์—๋ฆญ ํด๋ฆฌ๋„จ๋ฒ„๊ทธ ๊ต์ˆ˜์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:53
We just don't have great research
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
21:55
showing that we are significantly more lonely or isolated today
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22:00
than we were ten or twenty or thirty years ago,
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10๋…„, 20๋…„ ๋˜๋Š” 30๋…„ ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์™ธ๋กญ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:03
which means critics who say that Facebook
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์ฆ‰, Facebook
22:06
or the internet or whatever device you carry with you
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์ด๋‚˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
22:10
is making you lonelier and more miserable โ€”
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ์™ธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„ํ‰๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋” ๋น„์ฐธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ
22:13
they just don't have that much evidence to back it up.
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค .
22:15
So there isn't enough evidence to 'back up' โ€” or 'support' โ€”
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ์™ธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ '๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจ'ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ '์ง€์ง€'ํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:19
the claim that social media is making us feel lonelier.
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.
22:23
No, there isn't.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:24
OK, now before I give you the answer to today's quiz question, Neil,
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—, ๋‹,
22:29
did you know that loneliness is 'contagious'?
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์™ธ๋กœ์›€ ์ด '์ „์—ผ๋œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ฐ๊ธฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
22:32
You mean you can 'catch it from someone' like a cold?
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'๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์˜ฎ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋ง์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ?
22:35
Yes. There are environmental factors involved in loneliness too.
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์˜ˆ. ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์—๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์š”์ธ ๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:40
For example, if somebody you talk to every day is always unfriendly towards you,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋งค์ผ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋น„์šฐํ˜ธ์ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
22:45
this makes you statistically more likely to be negative
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์ด๋Š” ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ
22:48
in your interactions with somebody else.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:51
Well, let's try and stay friendly towards each other, then, Sophie.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์†Œํ”ผ, ์„œ๋กœ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด๋„๋ก ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์š” .
22:54
You can start by telling me whether I got today's quiz question right!
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ •๋‹ต์„ ๋งžํ˜”๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
22:58
OK. I asked which country has the highest proportion of people living on their own?
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์–ด๋Š ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์ž ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:04
Is it a) the US? b) Japan? Or c) Sweden?
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a) ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? b) ์ผ๋ณธ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์Šค์›จ๋ด?
23:09
And I said Japan.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ผ๋ณธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:12
โ€” This is the wrong answer, I'm afraid. โ€” Ah!
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โ€” ์ด๊ฑด ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. โ€”์•„!
23:15
It's actually c) Sweden.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” c) ์Šค์›จ๋ด์ด์—์š”.
23:18
Nearly half of all Swedish households are 'single-occupancy' โ€” or 'for one person'.
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์Šค์›จ๋ด ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด '1์ธ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:23
Living alone in Sweden is arguably the norm because it's so easy โ€”
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์Šค์›จ๋ด์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜ผ์ž ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‰ฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:28
there are many affordable single-occupancy apartments
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์ €๋ ดํ•œ ๋‹จ๋… ์ฃผํƒ์ด ๋งŽ๊ณ ,
23:31
and young Swedes can expect to move into their own apartment
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์ Š์€ ์Šค์›จ๋ด์ธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์กธ์—…ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๋กœ ์ด์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:34
once they graduate high school.
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.
23:37
OK, now let's hear the words we learned today again, Sophie.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ , ์†Œํ”ผ.
23:40
Yes, OK.
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๋„ค, ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:41
They are...
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€...
23:43
Down in the dumps.
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๋‚™๋‹ดํ•ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
23:44
Loneliness.
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์™ธ๋กœ์›€.
23:46
Isolated.
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๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋จ.
23:48
Cooperation.
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅ.
23:50
Tolerate.
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์šฉ๋‚ฉํ•˜๋‹ค.
23:52
Intriguing.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์›Œ์š”.
23:53
Back up.
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๋ฐฑ์—…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
23:55
Contagious.
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์ „์—ผ์„ฑ.
23:57
Single occupancy.
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1์ธ์‹ค.
23:59
Well, that's the end of this edition of 6 Minute English.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:01
Join us again soon!
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๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”!
24:03
Meanwhile, visit our website โ€” BBC Learning English dot com,
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๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ BBC Learning English dot com์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด, ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ณ  ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
24:07
where you'll find guides to grammar, exercises, videos
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ, ์—ฐ์Šต๋ฌธ์ œ, ์˜์ƒ
24:10
and articles to read and improve your English.
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๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:13
โ€” Bye. โ€” Bye-bye.
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- ์•ˆ๋…•. - ์•ˆ๋…•.
24:15
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
24:17
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ทŒ.
24:20
Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6 Minute English์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
24:24
And I'm Georgie.
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์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€์˜ˆ์š”.
24:25
Whether it's Cinderella, David and Goliath, or the Rocky movies,
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์‹ ๋ฐ๋ ๋ผ, ๋‹ค์œ—๊ณผ ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—, ๋กํ‚ค ์˜ํ™” ๋“ฑ
24:29
we all love an underdog story.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์•ฝ์ž์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:32
The 'underdog' in a situation is 'the person who seems least likely to win'.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ '์•ฝ์ž'๋ž€ ' ์ด๊ธธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์•„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:37
Nevertheless, with some luck and plenty of hard work,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ–‰์šด ๊ณผ ๋งŽ์€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ,
24:41
the underdog sometimes ends up the winner.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์•ฝ์ž๊ฐ€ ์Šน์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:43
Sport is full of underdog stories,
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์Šคํฌ์ธ ๋Š” ์•ฝ์ž์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ,
24:46
minor teams and sportspeople who play with courage
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์•ฝ์ฒดํŒ€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฉ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•˜๊ณ 
24:50
and end up beating the superstars and multi-million pound clubs.
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์Šˆํผ์Šคํƒ€ ์™€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ํด๋Ÿฝ์„ ์ด๊ธด ์Šคํฌ์ธ ๋งจ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:54
But if you were given a choice between your team being the favourite to win
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹  ์˜ ํŒ€์ด ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ํŒ€์ธ์ง€,
24:59
or being the underdog, it's pretty obvious you'd want to be the favourite, right?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์•ฝํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ํŒ€์ธ์ง€ ์„ ํƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ํŒ€์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ๊ฑฐ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
25:04
Well, yes, being the favourite gives a team confidence.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํŒ€์— ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:07
But maybe the fact that no-one expects the underdog to win
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์•ฝํŒ€์ด ์ด๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด
25:11
is actually an advantage which could help them to a surprise victory.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์Šน๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:15
In this programme, we'll be hearing about an underdog football club doing just that,
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์•ฝ์ฒด ์ถ•๊ตฌ ํด๋Ÿฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ณ 
25:21
and, as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary too.
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, ํ‰์†Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:25
Great. But first I have a question for you, Georgie.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ์กฐ์ง€, ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ
25:28
One of the biggest underdog stories in sports history
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์•ฝ์ฒดํŒ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
25:31
happened in the 2015-16 English football season
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2015-16๋…„ ์˜๊ตญ ์ถ•๊ตฌ ์‹œ์ฆŒ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:36
when a little-known club beat top clubs like Manchester City and Liverpool,
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํด๋Ÿฝ์ด ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ ์‹œํ‹ฐ์™€ ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„ํ’€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ•ํ˜ธ ํด๋Ÿฝ์„ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์น˜๊ณ 
25:40
overcoming odds of 5000-1 to win the Premier League.
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5000-1์˜ ๋ฐฐ๋‹น๋ฅ ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์–ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์—์„œ ์šฐ์Šนํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:45
But which club was it?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ํด๋Ÿฝ์ด์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?
25:47
A) Charlton Athletic? B) Leicester City? Or c) Crystal Palace?
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A) ์ฐฐํŠผ ์• ์Šฌ๋ ˆํ‹ฑ? B) ๋ ˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ์‹œํ‹ฐ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ„ธ ํŒฐ๋ฆฌ์Šค? ์•„๋งˆ
25:53
I'll guess it was Crystal Palace.
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ„ธ ํŒฐ๋ฆฌ์Šค์˜€๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
25:56
OK, Georgie, I'll reveal the correct answer at the end of the programme.
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์ข‹์•„, ์กฐ์ง€, ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ์ •๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
26:01
The English football Premier League is a good place to find underdogs.
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์˜๊ตญ ์ถ•๊ตฌ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์–ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•ฝ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์ด๋‹ค.
26:05
Each season, the three best clubs in the second league are promoted up,
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๋งค ์‹œ์ฆŒ๋งˆ๋‹ค 2๋ถ€ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ 3๊ฐœ ํด๋Ÿฝ์ด ์Šน๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ ,
26:10
while the three weakest Premier clubs are relegated down.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ฝํ•œ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์–ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ 3๊ฐœ ํด๋Ÿฝ์€ ๊ฐ•๋“ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:15
One club that knows all about relegation is Luton Town FC.
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๊ฐ•๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ์•„๋Š” ํด๋Ÿฝ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฃจํ„ด ํƒ€์šด FC์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:20
In 2009, Luton Town were relegated entirely from the English League.
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2009๋…„ ๋ฃจํ„ด ํƒ€์šด์€ ์ž‰๊ธ€๋žœ๋“œ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์—์„œ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ฐ•๋“ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:26
Slowly their fortunes improved however,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์šด์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ ์ฐจ ์ข‹์•„์กŒ๊ณ ,
26:29
and they've now become the first English team
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์ด์ œ๋Š”
26:31
to progress from non-league to the Premier League.
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๋น„๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์—์„œ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์–ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ง„์ถœํ•œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์˜๊ตญ ํŒ€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:35
Here's Luton fan, Alex, talking about his team's chances
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๋ฃจํ„ด ํŒฌ ์•Œ๋ ‰์Šค๊ฐ€ BBC ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ '๋ฉ˜ํƒˆ ๋จธ์Šฌ'์— ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํŒ€์ด ์ถœ์—ฐํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
26:39
to BBC Radio programme Mental Muscle.
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.
26:42
But some of these elite Premier League clubs will look down their nose at us
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์–ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ ํด๋Ÿฝ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊น”๋ณด๋ฉฐ
26:45
and just think we shouldn't be there,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:46
and we are there on merit and we've just gotta prove it this season.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ฌ๋ž๊ณ  ์ด๋ฒˆ ์‹œ์ฆŒ์— ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:48
So we are the underdog, certainly financially,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์žฌ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์•ฝ์ž์ด๊ธด
26:51
but on the pitch I don't think we will be.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:54
Alex thinks some of the rich Premier League clubs
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์•Œ๋ ‰์Šค๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์–ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ํด๋Ÿฝ๋“ค์ด
26:57
look down their noses at Luton.
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๋ฃจํ„ด์„ ์—…์‹ ์—ฌ๊ธด๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:00
If you 'look down your nose at' someone, you 'think you're better than them'.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ '์–•๋ณด๋Š”' ๊ฒƒ์€ ' ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:04
But underdogs Luton have done better than expected,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•ฝ์ฒดํŒ€์ธ ๋ฃจํ„ด์€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋‰ด์บ์Šฌ ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ๊ฐ™์€
27:07
even beating some of the big clubs like Newcastle United.
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ํฐ ํด๋Ÿฝ๋“ค์กฐ์ฐจ ์ด๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:11
The question is how?
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์ด๋‹ค.
27:13
Is there something about being the underdog
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์•ฝ์ž์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์— ์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
27:15
that improves a team's chances of winning?
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ํŒ€์˜ ์Šน๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ์š”์ธ์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
27:18
To answer that, sports psychologist Gillian Cook
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž ์งˆ๋ฆฌ์–ธ ์ฟก์ด
27:21
spoke to BBC Radio programme Mental Muscle.
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BBC ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ Mental Muscle๊ณผ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:26
So, you can find that when the newly-promoted team comes up,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์Šน๊ฒฉํ•œ ํŒ€์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด
27:29
they've got high confidence cos they've just come from a season of winning โ€”
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Šน๋ฆฌ ์‹œ์ฆŒ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ํ›„๋กœ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์ด ๋„˜์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:32
so they've got the belief that they can do it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:35
But on the flip side it's just as important
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ
27:38
to look at the top dog's performance who, everyone expects them to win,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํŒ€์˜ ์„ฑ์ ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:41
they're playing the newly promoted teams.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์Šน๊ฒฉํ•œ ํŒ€๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํŽผ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:44
So we might think of Man City who might be about to come up against Luton Town.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฃจํ„ด ํƒ€์šด๊ณผ ๋งž๋ถ™์„ ๋งจ ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ค ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š” ?
27:48
So what we can see from that
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
27:49
is what, in psychology literature, is known as choking,
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์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—์„œ ' ์กฐํ‚น(choking)'์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ,
27:53
and that's when pressure gets to an individual or a team
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ํŒ€์— ์••๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ ธ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ฐ€
27:56
and they underperform.
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์ €ํ•˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:58
Clubs newly promoted to the Premier League are used to winning
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ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์–ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์Šน๊ฒฉํ•œ ํด๋Ÿฝ์€ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
28:02
and start the season confidently.
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์ž์‹ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ฆŒ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:04
On the flip side, they have to play much stronger teams than before.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํŒ€๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:09
The phrase 'on the flip side'
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'๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€
28:10
is used to 'show the opposite, less positive side of something'.
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'๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€, ๋œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:14
Of course, it's not just the underdog playing, there are also 'top dogs',
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์•ฝ์ž๋งŒ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ฐ•์ž', ์ฆ‰
28:18
'the most successful or powerful person or team'.
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'๊ฐ€์žฅ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋˜๋Š” ํŒ€'๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:22
No-one expects underdogs to win
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์•ฝ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
28:24
and this gives them freedom to relax and play naturally.
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์•ฝ์ž๋Š” ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:28
Top dogs, on the other hand, experience a lot of expectation,
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๊ฐ•์ž๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ,
28:31
and this sometimes leads to 'choking',
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์ด๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ '์กฐํ‚น'์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. '์กฐํ‚น'์€
28:34
a sports term which describes the failure of a player to perform their best
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์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
28:38
because of psychological pressure or social expectation.
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์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์••๋ฐ• ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ตœ์ƒ์˜ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์šฉ์–ด์ด๋‹ค.
28:42
Choking causes teams and players to 'underperform' โ€”
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์กฐํ‚น์€ ํŒ€๊ณผ ์„ ์ˆ˜์˜ '์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ €ํ•˜'๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:46
to 'perform worse than expected'.
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. ์ฆ‰, '์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š”' ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:48
It's also true that 'neutral fans' โ€”
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'์ค‘๋ฆฝ ํŒฌ', ์ฆ‰
28:51
'people watching a match when their team isn't playing' โ€”
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' ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํŒ€์ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค'์ด
28:54
tend to support the underdog as well.
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์•ฝํŒ€์„ ์‘์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:56
In football, it's tough at the top!
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์ถ•๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ƒ์œ„๊ถŒ์ด ํž˜๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
28:59
I think it's time you reveal the answer to your question, Neil.
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๋‹, ์ด์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. 2015-16๋…„ ์ถ•๊ตฌ ์‹œ์ฆŒ์˜
29:02
You asked me about the famous Premier League winning underdogs
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์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์–ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์šฐ์ŠนํŒ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์œผ์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ
29:06
of the 2015-16 football season, and I guessed it was Crystal Palace.
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, ์ œ ์ถ”์ธก์€ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ„ธ ํŒฐ๋ฆฌ์Šค์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์ง€
29:12
Which was the wrong answer, I'm afraid, Georgie.
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, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š” .
29:15
In fact, it was Leicester City, nicknamed the Foxes,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค,
29:19
who became the unexpected champions of the Premier League.
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์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์–ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ”ํ”ผ์–ธ์ด ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ 'ํญ์Šค(Foxes)'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณ„๋ช…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ ˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ์‹œํ‹ฐ์˜€๋‹ค.
29:23
OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned
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์ข‹์•„์š”,
29:25
from this programme about 'the underdog',
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด '์•ฝ์ž',
29:28
'the person in a competition or situation who seems least likely to win'.
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'๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ด๊ธธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์•„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:33
If you 'look down your nose at someone', you 'think you are superior to them'.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊น”๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ' ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์šฐ์›”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:38
The phrase 'on the flip side' is used to show
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'๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ฉด'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋Š”
29:41
'the opposite, less positive, or less popular side of something'.
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'๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€, ๋œ ๊ธ์ •์  ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋œ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฉด'์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:45
'The top dog' is an informal way of saying
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'ํ†ฑ๋…'์€
29:48
'the most successful or powerful person in a group'.
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'๊ทธ๋ฃน์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ '์„ ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:51
In sports, 'choking' happens when a player or team 'fail to perform their best
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์Šคํฌ์ธ ์—์„œ '์กฐํ‚น'์€ ์„ ์ˆ˜ ๋‚˜ ํŒ€์ด '
29:56
'because of psychological pressure or social expectation'.
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์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์••๋ฐ• ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€'๋กœ ์ธํ•ด '์ตœ์ƒ์˜ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๋•Œ' ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:00
And finally, the verb 'to underperform' means 'to perform worse than expected'.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ 'to underperform'์€ ' ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:06
Once again, our six minutes are up!
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์ด์ œ 6๋ถ„์ด ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
30:08
Remember to join us again next time
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๋‹ค์Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋„ 6 Minute English์—์„œ
30:10
for more topical discussion and useful vocabulary, here at 6 Minute English.
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๋”์šฑ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ณ„ ํ† ๋ก ๊ณผ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:15
Goodbye for now!
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์ด์ œ ์•ˆ๋…•!
30:16
Bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
30:18
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
30:19
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ทŒ.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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