Grammar: Advanced Learner Mistakes - BBC English Masterclass

127,891 views ・ 2016-10-24

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hi guys! Dan for BBC Learning English here. In this session, we'll be taking a look at
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„! BBC Learning English의 Dan은 여기에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 μ„Έμ…˜μ—μ„œλŠ”
00:04
advanced learner mistakes. Are you ready? Here we go!
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κ³ κΈ‰ ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ€€λΉ„ λ˜μ—ˆλ‚˜μš”? μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€!
00:14
So, sometimes in English, we use a WH word clause as the object of a verb. For example:
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 가끔 μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œλŠ” WH 단어 μ ˆμ„ λ™μ‚¬μ˜ λͺ©μ μ–΄λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄:
00:21
'He realised what he was doing,' - or - 'I can't believe what you have done.' Now, advanced
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'κ·ΈλŠ” μžμ‹ μ΄ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 일을 κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.' λ˜λŠ” ' 당신이 ν•œ 일을 믿을 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.' 이제 κ³ κΈ‰
00:26
learners generally make two mistakes here. The first is that they invert the auxiliary
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ν•™μŠ΅μžλŠ” 일반적으둜 μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ 두 가지 μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 첫 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” 일반 질문
00:31
verb and the subject, like you would do with a normal question. Let me show you.
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μ—μ„œ ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ 보쑰 동사와 μ£Όμ–΄λ₯Ό λ„μΉ˜ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
'He realised what was he doing,' - and - 'I can't believe what have you done.'
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'κ·ΈλŠ” μžμ‹ μ΄ 무엇을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.' - 그리고 - ' 당신이 무슨 짓을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ 믿을 μˆ˜κ°€ μ—†μ–΄μš”.'
00:40
Remember that these whos, whats, wheres, whens and whys are not question words, but relative
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whos, whats, wheres, whens, whysλŠ” μ˜λ¬Έμ‚¬κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 관계
00:46
pronouns, and so the clause which comes after follows normal sentence order. Come and see.
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λŒ€λͺ…μ‚¬μ΄λ―€λ‘œ 뒀에 μ˜€λŠ” μ ˆμ€ 정상적인 λ¬Έμž₯ μˆœμ„œλ₯Ό λ”°λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™€μ„œ 봐.
00:52
So: Not 'He realised what was he doing,' but 'what he was doing.' Not 'I can't believe
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ: 'κ·ΈλŠ” μžμ‹ μ΄ 무엇을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜λ‹€'κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 'κ·Έκ°€ 무엇을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”μ§€'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. '
01:00
what have you done,' but 'what you have done.'
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당신이 ν•œ 일을 믿을 수 μ—†λ‹€'κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ '당신이 ν•œ 일'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:06
Now, this problem is simpler with a tense which has an auxiliary and main verb form,
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이제 이 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” 쑰동사 ν˜•νƒœμ™€ 본동사 ν˜•νƒœκ°€ μžˆλŠ” μ‹œμ œλ‘œ 간단
01:10
but the second problem is that learners forget to use an affirmative verb form when talking
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 두 번째 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” ν•™μŠ΅μžκ°€ λ‹¨μˆœ ν˜„μž¬λ‚˜ κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ„ 말할 λ•Œ 긍정동사 ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μžŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:15
about the present or past simple. For example: 'I don't know where did he go last night,'
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. 예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄: 'κ·Έκ°€ 어젯밀에 μ–΄λ””λ‘œ κ°”λŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λ‹€'
01:21
- or - 'They want to see what does he do.' Now, remember these are not questions. When
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λ˜λŠ” '그듀은 κ·Έκ°€ 무엇을 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ 보고 μ‹Άμ–΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.' 자, 이것듀은 질문이 μ•„λ‹˜μ„ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. λ‹¨μˆœ
01:28
we make an affirmative sentence with the present or past simple, we only use one verb - and
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ν˜„μž¬ λ˜λŠ” 과거와 ν•¨κ»˜ 긍정적인 λ¬Έμž₯을 λ§Œλ“€ λ•Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λ™μ‚¬λ§Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:32
these clauses act the same. So: 'I don't know where did he go last night,' becomes 'I don't
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이 μ ˆλ“€μ€ λ™μΌν•˜κ²Œ μž‘λ™ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ: 'λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έκ°€ 어젯밀에 μ–΄λ””λ‘œ κ°”λŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λ‹€'λŠ” '
01:40
know where he went last night.' And 'They want to see what does he do,' becomes 'They
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κ·Έκ°€ 어젯밀에 μ–΄λ””λ‘œ κ°”λŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λ‹€.'κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 '그듀은 κ·Έκ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 것을 보고 μ‹Άμ–΄ν•œλ‹€'λŠ” '그듀이
01:49
want to see what he does.' Have you got it? Good!
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κ·Έκ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 것을 보고 μ‹Άμ–΄ν•œλ‹€'κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신은 그것을 μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 쒋은!
01:57
'The life is beautiful!' 'What makes me sad is the poverty.'
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'인생은 아름닡닀!' 'λ‚˜λ₯Ό μŠ¬ν”„κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 것은 κ°€λ‚œμ΄λ‹€.'
02:04
Ok guys, this one is an old one, but still a tricky one. Many advanced learners still
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μ’‹μ•„μš” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„, 이것은 였래된 κ²ƒμ΄μ§€λ§Œ μ—¬μ „νžˆ κΉŒλ‹€λ‘œμš΄ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ§Žμ€ κ³ κΈ‰ ν•™μŠ΅μžλ“€μ€
02:09
use the definite article when talking in general about a plural or uncountable noun. Remember
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일반적으둜 볡수 λ˜λŠ” μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ μ—¬μ „νžˆ 정관사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:15
that in English, when we are talking in general and we mean all of a thing, we don't use 'the'.
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μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œλŠ” 일반적으둜 이야기할 λ•Œ λͺ¨λ“  것을 μ˜λ―Έν•  λ•Œ 'the'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 점을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
02:21
'Life is beautiful' 'What makes me sad is poverty.'
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'인생은 μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μ›Œ' 'λ‚˜λ₯Ό μŠ¬ν”„κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 것은 κ°€λ‚œμ΄λ‹€.'
02:29
That doesn't mean we can't use 'the'. But when we do, it means we are being specific and
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€κ³  ν•΄μ„œ 'the'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” λœ»μ€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•  λ•Œ 그것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ꡬ체적이고
02:34
only referring to one thing. For example: 'I'm reading about the life of Michael Jackson.'
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ν•œ κ°€μ§€λ§Œ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예: '마이클 잭슨의 삢에 λŒ€ν•΄ 읽고 μžˆμ–΄μš”.'
02:42
Having said that, if you want to generalise about a SINGULAR COUNTABLE noun, then using
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ μΌλ°˜ν™”ν•˜λ €λ©΄
02:48
'the' as the definite article is the correct thing to do. So: 'Life would be much less
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μ •κ΄€μ‚¬λ‘œ 'the'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ: '인생은
02:53
interesting without the tiger' (or tigers...general) 'The car is probably the most important invention
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ν˜Έλž‘μ΄ μ—†μ΄λŠ” 훨씬 덜 ν₯미둜울 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.'(λ˜λŠ” ν˜Έλž‘μ΄...일반) 'μžλ™μ°¨λŠ” μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 인λ₯˜ 역사상 κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 발λͺ…ν’ˆμΌ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:05
in mankind's history.' (or cars...general) Have you got it? Good!
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.' (λ˜λŠ” μžλ™μ°¨...일반) κ°€μ Έμ˜€ μ…¨λ‚˜μš”? 쒋은!
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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