Grammar: Talking about the future in the past - BBC English Masterclass

248,407 views ・ 2016-10-10

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Sian Hi Sian here for BBC Learning English - today
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Sian Hi Sian BBC Learning English - μ˜€λŠ˜μ€
00:03
is an exciting day because we are going to go back to the past and look at the future!
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과거둜 λŒμ•„κ°€ 미래λ₯Ό 바라볼 수 μžˆλŠ” μ‹ λ‚˜λŠ” λ‚ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€!
00:10
So, you know that we have a past tense, a present tense, lots of future forms, but did
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œ, ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œ, λ§Žμ€ 미래 ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
00:17
you know we also have the future in the past?
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과거에도 λ―Έλž˜κ°€ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  κ³„μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:22
When we talk about the past, sometimes we want to talk about something that was in the
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과거에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ λ‹Ήμ‹œ 미래 에 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:27
future at that time - to do this we put the future forms into the past. I'm going to show
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이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 미래 ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό 과거에 λ„£μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:35
you some examples of this and I'm going to take you back to the past to do this...
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이것에 λŒ€ν•œ λͺ‡ 가지 예λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ³  이것을 ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 과거둜 λ°λ €κ°€κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€...
00:53
Ah it's such a nice day today - i'm going to go for a run at lunchtime.
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μ•„ 였늘 정말 쒋은 λ‚ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ μ‹¬μ‹œκ°„μ— 달리기λ₯Ό ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
Ah I was going to go for a run today, but I'm feeling a bit tired now!
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μ•„ μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ λŸ¬λ‹μ„ ν•˜λ €κ³  ν–ˆλŠ”λ° 쑰금 ν”Όκ³€ν•˜λ„€μš”!
01:03
So, when we want to use the future in the past with 'going to', 'I am going to' becomes
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 'going to'와 ν•¨κ»˜ 과거의 미래λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³ μž ν•  λ•Œ 'I am going to'λŠ”
01:10
'I was going to' - ''I was going to go for a run''. We can use this for predictions or
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'I was going to' - ''I was going to go for a run''이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 달리기λ₯Ό ν•˜λ €λŠ” μ˜λ„λ‚˜ μΌμ–΄λ‚œ 일과 같이 λ³€ν™”ν•˜λŠ” μ˜ˆμΈ‘μ΄λ‚˜ μ˜λ„μ— 이것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:17
intentions that change, like my intention to go for a run, or for things that did happen.
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.
01:24
So, "I knew it was going to be sunny today!"
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "였늘 맑을 쀄 μ•Œμ•˜μ–΄!"
01:28
Pay attention to the pronunciation though - 'I was going to' when we speak quickly becomes
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ°œμŒμ— μ£Όμ˜ν•˜μ„Έμš”. λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ 말할 λ•Œ 'I was going to'λŠ”
01:35
'I was gonna'. "I was gonna go for a run today, but I'm gonna have lunch instead''
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'I was gonna'κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ 달리기λ₯Ό ν•˜λ €κ³  ν–ˆλŠ”λ° λŒ€μ‹  점심을 먹게 λ˜μ—ˆμ–΄μš”." "
01:48
"I've got to go, I'm meeting Neil at 10 o'clock."
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κ°€μ•Όκ² μ–΄μš”. 10μ‹œμ— 닐을 λ§Œλ‚˜κ±°λ“ μš”." "μ•„κΉŒ
01:51
"Sorry I was in a rush earlier, I was meeting Neil at 10 o'clock and I didn't want to be late."
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κΈ‰ν•΄μ„œ λ―Έμ•ˆν•΄μš”. 10μ‹œμ— Neil을 λ§Œλ‚˜μ„œ 늦고 싢지 μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄μš”."
01:56
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01:57
So, we use the present continuous to talk about arrangements in the future. When we
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 미래의 쀀비에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ ν˜„μž¬ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
want to talk about the future in the past, this becomes becomes the past continuous.
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과거의 λ―Έλž˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  싢을 λ•Œ 이것은 κ³Όκ±° μ§„ν–‰ν˜•.
02:09
So, for example, "I was meeting a friend for lunch so I was in a hurry."
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, "λ‚˜λŠ” 점심 먹으러 친ꡬλ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚˜μ„œ μ„œλ‘˜λ €μ–΄."
02:15
We can also use this for arrangements that didn't happen, but you intended them to happen.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ˜ν•œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ§€λ§Œ 당신이 κ·Έ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λ„λ‘ μ˜λ„ν•œ 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:26
I've got to go Neil, I'll call you back later
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I've got to go 닐, λ‚˜μ€‘μ— λ‹€μ‹œ μ „ν™”ν• κ²Œ
02:29
"Oh I told Neil I would call him later... I need to do that!"
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"μ•„ λ‚΄κ°€ λ‹μ—κ²Œ λ‚˜μ€‘μ— μ „ν™”ν•˜κ² λ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆμ–΄... κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Όκ² μ–΄!"
02:35
When referring to the future in the past 'will' becomes 'would' - "I said I'd call Neil." Remember
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과거의 미래λ₯Ό μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•  λ•Œ 'will'은 'would'κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. d Neilμ—κ²Œ μ „ν™”ν•΄."
02:45
we normally contract would to 'd'.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 일반적으둜 'd'둜 κ³„μ•½ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
02:52
"Oh hang on a minute... I was about to call you Neil! No honestly, I was just about to
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"μ•„, μž μ‹œλ§Œμš”... Neil이라고 λΆ€λ₯΄λ €κ³  ν–ˆμ–΄μš” ! μ•„λ‹ˆ, μ†”μ§νžˆ
02:58
call you."
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λ„ˆμ—κ²Œ μ „ν™”ν•˜λ €κ³  ν–ˆμ–΄."
03:00
So, when we talk about the future - something that's going to happen in a short time, we
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ―Έλž˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ, 즉 짧은 μ‹œκ°„ μ•ˆμ— 일어날 일에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
03:06
use am about to "I'm about to call Neil". When we want to use this structure to talk
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am about to "I'm about to call Neil"을 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•˜κ³  싢을 λ•Œ 이 ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬
03:13
about the future in the past, am about to becomes was about to. I was about to call Neil
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과거의 λ―Έλž˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . λ‚˜λŠ” Neilμ—κ²Œ
03:20
when he phoned me.
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μ „ν™”λ₯Ό κ±Έλ €κ³  ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ κ·Έκ°€ μ „ν™”λ₯Ό κ±Έμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "
03:30
"I think I'll have finished all my work by lunchtime."
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μ μ‹¬μ‹œκ°„κΉŒμ§€λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  일을 끝낼 것 κ°™μ•„μš”."
03:33
"Ah it's almost lunchtime, I thought I'd have finished all my work by now... but it's taking
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"μ•„ 거의 μ μ‹¬μ‹œκ°„, μ§€κΈˆμ―€μ΄λ©΄ 일을 λ‹€ λλƒˆμ„ 쀄 μ•Œμ•˜λŠ”λ°... λ„ˆλ¬΄
03:39
ages!"
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였래 κ±Έλ¦¬λ„€μš”!"
03:41
So, when we talk about the future in the past using the future perfect, the future perfect
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ―Έλž˜μ™„λ£Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 과거에 미래λ₯Ό 이야기할 λ•Œ , λ―Έλž˜μ™„λ£Œ
03:49
form 'will have + past participle' becomes 'would have + past participle'. So, 'I will have finished'
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ν˜•μ€ 'will have + 과거뢄사'λ₯Ό μ”λ‹ˆλ‹€. 'would have + 과거뢄사'κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 'I will have finished'λŠ” '
03:58
becomes 'I would have finished'. Pay attention to the contractions again, so instead of saying
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I would have done'이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 또 μΆ•μ•½ν˜•μ— μ£Όμ˜ν•΄μ„œ
04:05
'I would have', when we're speaking we say 'I'd've'. 'I thought I'd've made lots of money by now!'
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말할 λ•Œ 'I would have'κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ '라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” μ§€κΈˆμ―€μ΄λ©΄ λˆμ„ 많이 λ²Œμ—ˆμ„ 거라 μƒκ°ν–ˆμ–΄!'
04:13
Now, I was going to tell you all to go to our website bbclearningenglish.com for more
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이제 과거의 λ―Έλž˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 더 λ§Žμ€ 정보λ₯Ό μ–»κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 우리 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ bbclearningenglish.com에 κ°€μ„œ
04:19
information about the future in the past and to practise this... but you all know that
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이것을 μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜λΌκ³  μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ λ§ν•˜λ €κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€... ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 이미 그것을 μ•Œκ³  있기
04:25
already so I don't need to tell you! See you soon - Bye!
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λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 말할 ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€! 당신은 곧 - μ•ˆλ…•!
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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