Grammar: Talking about the future in the past - BBC English Masterclass

Sian Hi Sian here for BBC Learning English - today

is an exciting day because we are going to go back to the past and look at the future!

So, you know that we have a past tense, a present tense, lots of future forms, but did

you know we also have the future in the past?

When we talk about the past, sometimes we want to talk about something that was in the

future at that time - to do this we put the future forms into the past. I'm going to show

you some examples of this and I'm going to take you back to the past to do this...

Ah it's such a nice day today - i'm going to go for a run at lunchtime.

Ah I was going to go for a run today, but I'm feeling a bit tired now!

So, when we want to use the future in the past with 'going to', 'I am going to' becomes

'I was going to' - ''I was going to go for a run''. We can use this for predictions or

intentions that change, like my intention to go for a run, or for things that did happen.

So, "I knew it was going to be sunny today!"

Pay attention to the pronunciation though - 'I was going to' when we speak quickly becomes

'I was gonna'. "I was gonna go for a run today, but I'm gonna have lunch instead''

"I've got to go, I'm meeting Neil at 10 o'clock."

"Sorry I was in a rush earlier, I was meeting Neil at 10 o'clock and I didn't want to be late."

So, we use the present continuous to talk about arrangements in the future. When we

want to talk about the future in the past, this becomes becomes the past continuous.

So, for example, "I was meeting a friend for lunch so I was in a hurry."

We can also use this for arrangements that didn't happen, but you intended them to happen.

I've got to go Neil, I'll call you back later

"Oh I told Neil I would call him later... I need to do that!"

When referring to the future in the past 'will' becomes 'would' - "I said I'd call Neil." Remember

we normally contract would to 'd'.

"Oh hang on a minute... I was about to call you Neil! No honestly, I was just about to

call you."

So, when we talk about the future - something that's going to happen in a short time, we

use am about to "I'm about to call Neil". When we want to use this structure to talk

about the future in the past, am about to becomes was about to. I was about to call Neil

when he phoned me.

"I think I'll have finished all my work by lunchtime."

"Ah it's almost lunchtime, I thought I'd have finished all my work by now... but it's taking

ages!"

So, when we talk about the future in the past using the future perfect, the future perfect

form 'will have + past participle' becomes 'would have + past participle'. So, 'I will have finished'

becomes 'I would have finished'. Pay attention to the contractions again, so instead of saying

'I would have', when we're speaking we say 'I'd've'. 'I thought I'd've made lots of money by now!'

Now, I was going to tell you all to go to our website bbclearningenglish.com for more

information about the future in the past and to practise this... but you all know that

already so I don't need to tell you! See you soon - Bye!