BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Green issues' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocabulary!

269,543 views ใƒป 2023-10-01

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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6 Minute English
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from BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
00:05
Hello, this is 6 Minute English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
00:08
And I'm Sam.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ด์—์š”.
00:09
Now, tell me about your teeth cleaning routine.
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์ด์ œ ์น˜์•„ ์ฒญ์†Œ ๋ฃจํ‹ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
00:13
OK, well, it's pretty good, I think.
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์ข‹์•„, ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ฝค ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„.
00:16
I brush twice a day and change my brush every couple of months.
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์ €๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ์–‘์น˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‘ ๋‹ฌ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ์–‘์น˜์งˆ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
And what kind of brush do you use?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ์‰ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค๊ฑฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:23
Nothing fancy, just a regular cheap, plastic one.
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ํ™”๋ คํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ’์‹ผ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์ œํ’ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
โ€” Oh, dear. โ€” What do you mean?
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โ€” ์•„, ์–˜์•ผ. - ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์—์š”?
00:29
Well, imagine all the toothbrushes you've used in your life,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”,
00:33
from your first brush as a child to the one you currently have.
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋˜ ์นซ์†”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์นซ์†”๊นŒ์ง€ ํ‰์ƒ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์นซ์†”์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:37
You do realise that probably they all still exist in the environment somewhere?
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์•„๋งˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:42
We use them for a couple of months, yet they will last for hundreds of years.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
Oh, dear. And I thought I was actually quite environmentally aware.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฝค ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
But that's quite shocking. I hadn't thought of that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ฐธ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด๋„ค์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
Well, it's just one of the problems we are facing with our use of plastics,
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
a marvellous invention that has given us so much,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ’ˆ
01:02
but we are beginning to realise
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด
01:04
it's causing many long-lasting environmental problems.
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์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
More on this topic shortly, but first a question.
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณง ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
Plastic has many natural variations,
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์—๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
but where was the first artificial plastic developed?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์ธ๊ณต ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๊ณณ์€ ์–ด๋””์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:16
Was it a) England? b) Germany? Or c) Switzerland? What do you think, Sam?
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a) ์˜๊ตญ์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? b) ๋…์ผ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์Šค์œ„์Šค? ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”, ์ƒ˜?
01:21
I'm going to have a guess at Switzerland.
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์Šค์œ„์Šค์—์„œ ์ถ”์ธก์„ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
OK. We'll find out if you're right at the end of the programme.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฌผ๋ก 
01:27
Environmental issues are, of course, a big story at the moment.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ํฐ ์ด์Šˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
The topic was featured on the BBC Woman's Hour radio programme recently.
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ BBC ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
Madalyn Murray is from an Irish organisation
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Madalyn Murray๋Š”
01:38
that gives advice to businesses and communities
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๊ธฐ์—… ๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—
01:41
on how to operate in an environmentally responsible way.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ…์ž„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ ์กฐ์ง ์ถœ์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
She was asked about what she does in her daily life that other people could do too.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
What food items does she mention?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์Œ์‹์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
01:52
My personal, like, pet peeve is multipacks and mini packs.
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๋‚ด ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์€ ๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐํŒฉ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๋‹ˆํŒฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
I buy in bulk now, I buy the biggest yoghurt I can buy.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
I buy big cereal boxes, I buy big shampoo bottles.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํฐ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์–ผ ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ , ํฐ ์ƒดํ‘ธ ๋ณ‘์„ ์‚ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
We can decant stuff into lunchboxes,
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๋„์‹œ๋ฝ์— ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋‹ด์„ ์ˆ˜๋„
02:08
and we can, you know, refill our pasta and our rice.
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์žˆ๊ณ , ํŒŒ์Šคํƒ€์™€ ๋ฐฅ์„ ๋ฆฌํ•„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
So what food does she mention, Sam?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ƒ˜์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ์Œ์‹์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
02:15
She talks about yoghurt, cereal, pasta and rice.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅดํŠธ, ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์–ผ, ํŒŒ์Šคํƒ€, ์Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:18
And what was she saying about those foods?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ์Œ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:21
She was saying that she buys the biggest containers for those that she can
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
02:26
and not just food, things like shampoo as well.
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์Œ์‹๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ƒดํ‘ธ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
And what's the benefit of that?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:30
Well, she says that her 'pet peeve' is small packs of things.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ '๋ถˆ์พŒ๊ฐ'์ด ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด ๋ฌถ์Œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
A 'pet peeve' is something that you find particularly annoying.
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'pet peeve'๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
She doesn't like small packs,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ํŒฉ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
because they use a lot of packaging for a small amount of product.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ œํ’ˆ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ํฌ์žฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:44
So she 'buys in bulk'.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” '๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ๊ตฌ๋งค'ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
'Buying in bulk' means 'buying a lot of something'.
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'๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ๊ตฌ๋งค'๋Š” '๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
and if you have a lot of something like rice or pasta,
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์Œ€์ด๋‚˜ ํŒŒ์Šคํƒ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์Œ์‹์ด ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉด
02:52
you can always transfer it to different, smaller, reusable containers.
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์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž‘์€ ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์šฉ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ฎ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
She uses the word 'decant' for this.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด '๋””์บ”ํŠธ(decant)'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
So that's one area where we can all be a bit more environmentally friendly.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์นœํ™”์ ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์—ญ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
Another area is reusing things that are perfectly good,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์—ญ์€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ
03:07
but which we don't need any more.
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
Dr Tara Shine is a colleague of Madalyn Murray
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Tara Shine ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” Madalyn Murray์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ
03:12
and she talked about how new parents often buy a lot of new things for their babies
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์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ดˆ๋ณด ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒˆ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
03:17
which they then throw away when the child gets too big or too old.
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์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋Š™์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
She suggests that it's better to 'pass these things on',
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ '์ „๋‹ฌ'ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์ฆ‰
03:24
to give them to other people.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
And pass things on. The hand-me-down, passing on culture
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ฌผ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์ „์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
03:30
is really, really important in the world of kids
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์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ •๋ง ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”
03:32
and there are lots of things that can be passed down,
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ํ•˜๊ณ ,
03:35
whether it's toys, or the equipment or the highchair,
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์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์ด๋“ , ์žฅ๋น„๋“ , ์œ ์•„์šฉ ์˜์ž๋“ ,
03:39
whatever it is, all of that can be passed on and that's really important.
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋ฌผ๋ ค์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๋‹ฌ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
It's saving someone else money.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
Most of these things are in good nick when we need to pass them on.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ข‹์€ ์ƒํƒœ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
She used another expression for 'passing things on', didn't she?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” '๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋„˜๊ฒจ์ฃผ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ผ์ฃ ?
03:51
Yes, she talked about the 'hand-me-down culture'.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” '๋ฌผ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
When I was growing up, I had a lot of 'hand-me-downs'.
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์ €๋Š” ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ '์†์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ผ'์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฒช์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
These were toys and clothes from my older cousins, which saved us a lot of money
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด ํฐ ์‚ฌ์ดŒ๋“ค์ด ์ค€ ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์˜ท์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋•๋ถ„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ–ˆ๊ณ 
04:03
and they were then passed on to someone else.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ๋ ค์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
And the thing is, children grow up quickly,
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ž๋ผ๊ธฐ
04:08
so often everything is in good condition.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ƒํƒœ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
Dr Shine used an interesting expression for that, didn't she?
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Shine ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์ง€์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
04:14
She said most of these things are 'in good nick'.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด '์ข‹์€ ๋‹‰'์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
That expression means 'in good condition'.
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์€ '์ข‹์€ ์ƒํƒœ'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
Now before we recycle today's vocabulary,
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—,
04:24
Ah, very good. See what you did there.
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์•„, ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:26
it's time for the answer to today's question.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๋“œ๋ฆด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
Where was the first artificial plastic developed?
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์ธ๊ณต ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:32
Was it a) England? b) Germany? Or c) Switzerland?
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a) ์˜๊ตญ์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? b) ๋…์ผ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์Šค์œ„์Šค?
04:36
What did you think, Sam?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด, ์ƒ˜?
04:38
I guessed Switzerland.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์Šค์œ„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ง์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
Well, I'm afraid you are wrong.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
04:43
The correct answer is actually England. Well done if you got that right.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜๊ตญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ž˜ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
Extra bonus point if you knew that in 1856, Alexander Parkes patented Parkesine,
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1856๋…„์— Alexander Parkes๊ฐ€
04:55
the first artificial plastic.
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์ธ๊ณต ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ธ Parkesine์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠนํ—ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ํฌ์ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
Now let's recap today's words and expressions.
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์ด์ œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
Yes, a 'pet peeve' is something that someone finds particularly annoying.
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์˜ˆ, 'pet peeve'๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํŠนํžˆ ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
'Buying in bulk' means 'buying many of the same things
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'๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ๊ตฌ๋งค'๋Š” '๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:09
or a large quantity of something'.
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.
05:11
Buying in bulk is usually cheaper and can be better environmentally.
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๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ๊ตฌ๋งค๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ์ €๋ ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋” ์ข‹์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
And if you have a lot of something, you can 'decant' it to smaller containers.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉด ๋” ์ž‘์€ ์šฉ๊ธฐ์— '๋””์บ”ํŒ…'ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
That is, you can transfer it to those other containers, to make it easier to use.
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์ฆ‰, ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:25
For example, I buy huge bottles of liquid soap,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํฐ ๋ณ‘์˜ ์•ก์ฒด ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ
05:29
and decant it into smaller dispensers for the kitchen and bathrooms.
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์ฃผ๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ์š•์‹ค์šฉ ์ž‘์€ ๋””์ŠคํŽœ์„œ์— ๋‹ด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
You can 'pass on' clothes, toys, and other kids' stuff to family and friends.
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์˜ท, ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ '๋ฌผ๋ ค์ค„' ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
This means 'giving them to other people to use'.
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์ด๋Š” ' ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
And those things can be described as 'hand-me-downs'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ '์†์— ๋ฌผ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
But of course, you'd only want to pass on things 'in good nick',
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก  '์ข‹์€ ๋‹‰',
05:47
that is, 'in good condition'.
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์ฆ‰ '์ข‹์€ ์ƒํƒœ'๋งŒ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
Right, that's all we have time for. We hope you will join us again soon though.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
And you can always find us on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram,
05:57
online and on our app. We are BBC Learning English. See you soon.
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฐ ์•ฑ์—์„œ ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณง ๋ด์š”.
06:01
โ€” Goodbye. โ€” Bye.
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- ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”. - ์•ˆ๋…•.
06:03
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
06:05
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
06:08
Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
06:12
And I'm Sam.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ด์—์š”.
06:14
With winter here, the rising price of oil and natural gas has become a hot topic.
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๊ฒจ์šธ์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋ฉด์„œ ์„์œ  ์™€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์ƒ์Šน์ด ํ™”์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‹ค.
06:19
At the same time, climate change is also reaching emergency levels,
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๋™์‹œ์— ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋„ ๋น„์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
06:23
and world leaders are looking for ways to reduce our consumption of fossil fuels.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์€ ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
Some think the best option is 'renewables',
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์„ ํƒ์ด ํ’๋ ฅ ,
06:32
types of natural energy, such as wind and solar power,
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ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž์—ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ธ '์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
06:35
which can be replaced as quickly as they are used.
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์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋งŒํผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ต์ฒด๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:38
Others prefer a return to nuclear energy,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์›์ž๋ ฅ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ณด๋‹ค ๊นจ๋—ํ•˜๊ณ  ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋” ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ์˜ ๋ณต๊ท€๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:41
arguing that it's clean, green and more reliable than renewables.
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.
06:45
But after infamous nuclear disasters like those at Chernobyl and Fukushima,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฒด๋ฅด๋…ธ๋นŒ์ด๋‚˜ ํ›„์ฟ ์‹œ๋งˆ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์•…๋ช… ๋†’์€ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ์žฌํ•ด ์ดํ›„์—๋„
06:50
questions about its safety remain.
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์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๋ฌธ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
In this programme, we'll be finding out how green nuclear power is
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์›์ž๋ ฅ์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ์ธ๊ฐ€, ์ ์ธ๊ฐ€?๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์›์ž๋ ฅ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ข‹์€์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
by asking when it comes to the climate, is nuclear a friend or foe?
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07:04
But, before that, Sam, it's time for my quiz question.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ „์— ์ƒ˜, ์ด์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์—์š”.
07:07
Many of the nuclear power stations built since the 1960s
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1960๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ๊ฑด์„ค๋œ ์›์ž๋ ฅ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„ํš ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด
07:11
are reaching the end of their planned life,
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๋‹คํ•ด๊ฐ€๊ณ 
07:13
and not everyone thinks they should be replaced.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ต์ฒดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
In 2011, one country announced that it would 'phase out',
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2011๋…„์— ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์›์ž๋ ฅ
07:21
meaning gradually stop using, nuclear power altogether.
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ '๋‹จ๊ณ„์  ํ์ง€'๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:25
But which country? Was it a) Germany? b) India? Or c) Brazil?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚˜๋ผ? a) ๋…์ผ์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? b) ์ธ๋„? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ?
07:32
I'll go with a) Germany.
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๋‚˜๋Š” a) ๋…์ผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
07:34
OK, Sam, we'll reveal the correct answer later in the programme.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ƒ˜. ์ •๋‹ต์€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
As Neil mentioned, whatever the advantages of nuclear power for the climate,
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Neil์ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๊ธฐํ›„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์›์ž๋ ฅ์˜ ์ด์ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ 
07:42
many members of the public have concerns about nuclear safety.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋Œ€์ค‘์€ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ์•ˆ์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
Probably the most well-known nuclear accident
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Š”
07:50
happened on the 26th of April, 1986 at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant
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1986๋…„ 4์›” 26์ผ ์†Œ๋ จ ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์˜ ์ฒด๋ฅด๋…ธ๋นŒ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:54
in Soviet Ukraine.
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.
07:56
Dutch journalist Mirjam Vossen reflects on what happened
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๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ ์–ธ๋ก ์ธ Mirjam Vossen์€
08:00
with BBC World Service programme, The Real Story.
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ The Real Story์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์„ ํšŒ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๋Œ€์˜
08:04
The perceptions of nuclear energy of I think a whole generation
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์›์ž๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ฒด๋ฅด๋…ธ๋นŒ ์žฌํ•ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€
08:08
has been shaped by high-impact events, most notably the Chernobyl disaster,
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์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:14
including myself.
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1960
.
08:16
I have vivid memories of how the media reported on this event
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์–ธ๋ก ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋„ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€
08:20
and how scary it was and how frightened everyone was
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, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์„œ์› ๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์—์„œ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฒ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:23
of the radioactive clouds drifting from the Ukraine towards Europe.
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.
08:28
So this is sort of ingrained in people's minds
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ ์†์— ๊นŠ์ด ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ•ํ˜€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:31
and, for many, it hasn't been, really been updated.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
It was a frightening time and Mirjam says she has 'vivid memories',
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๋ฌด์„œ์šด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๋ฅด์ž ์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด '์ƒ์ƒํ•œ ๊ธฐ์–ต', ์ฆ‰
08:39
memories that produce powerful feelings and strong, clear images in the mind.
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๋งˆ์Œ ์†์— ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •๊ณผ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
The accident in Chernobyl changed many people's opinions of nuclear power
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์ฒด๋ฅด๋…ธ๋นŒ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์›์ž๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋ฅผ
08:48
in a negative way and these opinions became 'ingrained',
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋Š” '๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ' ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ•ํ˜€ ๊ตณ๊ฒŒ
08:53
strongly held and difficult to change.
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๊ตณ์–ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
But Mirjam believes these ingrained public perceptions of nuclear safety
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Mirjam์€ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ์•ˆ์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๊นŠ์€ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์ธ์‹์€
09:00
are out of date.
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์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋’ค๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
She argues that such accidents caused by human error
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”
09:06
could not happen in the modern nuclear power stations used today.
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ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:10
What's more, nuclear creates a steady supply of power,
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๋”์šฑ์ด ์›์ž๋ ฅ์€
09:13
unlike renewables, which don't make electricity when the wind doesn't blow
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ๋ถˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
09:18
or the sun doesn't shine.
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ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๋น›๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์ „๋ ฅ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
So maybe nuclear power is the greenest way of generating energy without fossil fuels.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์›์ž๋ ฅ์€ ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ์—†์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
Well, not according to Energy Institute researcher Paul Dorfman.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ(Energy Institute) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์ธ Paul Dorfman์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
Nuclear power stations are located near seas or large lakes,
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์›์ž๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๋Š”
09:34
because they need water to cool down.
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๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋‚˜ ํฐ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
Paul thinks that soon, rising sea levels
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Paul์€ ๊ณง ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ƒ์Šน์ด ํ˜„์‹ค์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์„ ํƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
09:39
will mean the end of nuclear as a realistic energy option.
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์›์ž๋ ฅ์˜ ์ข…๋ง์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:43
He thinks money invested in nuclear upgrades
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๊ทธ๋Š” BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ The Real Story์—์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ์—…๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด๋“œ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•œ ๋ˆ์„
09:46
would be better spent making clean renewables more reliable instead,
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์ฒญ์ • ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:51
as he explained to BBC World Service programme, The Real Story.
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.
09:56
I think the key takeaway
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์ €๋Š”
09:58
is that nuclear's low carbon electricity unique selling point
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์›์ž๋ ฅ์˜ ์ €ํƒ„์†Œ ์ „๊ธฐ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ํŒ๋งค ํฌ์ธํŠธ๊ฐ€
10:02
kind of sits in the context of a much larger picture,
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ,
10:05
that nuclear will be one of the first and most significant casualties
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์ฆ‰ ์›์ž๋ ฅ์ด ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ตœ์ดˆ ์ด์ž ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:09
to ramping climate change.
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.
10:11
So, nuclear's quite literally on the front line of climate change
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์›์ž๋ ฅ์€ ๋ฌธ์ž ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์ตœ์ „์„ ์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:16
and not in a good way.
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์ข‹์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
That's because, far from helping with our climate change problems,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋Š”์ปค๋…• ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
10:21
it'll add to it.
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๋”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
One advantage of nuclear power is that it produces electricity using little carbon.
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์›์ž๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์˜ ์žฅ์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
Paul Dorfman calls this its 'unique selling point'.
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Paul Dorfman์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ '๋…ํŠนํ•œ ํŒ๋งค ํฌ์ธํŠธ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ 'USP'๋กœ ๋‹จ์ถ•๋˜๋Š”
10:32
A 'unique selling point', which is sometimes shortened to 'USP',
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'๋…ํŠนํ•œ ํŒ๋งค ํฌ์ธํŠธ'๋Š”
10:36
is a common way to describe the feature of something
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10:39
that makes it different from, and better than, its competitors.
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
But that doesn't change the fact that rising sea levels
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ƒ์Šน์ด
10:47
would make nuclear an unrealistic, even dangerous, choice.
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์›์ž๋ ฅ์„ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
This is why he calls nuclear power a 'casualty' of climate change,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋Š” ์›์ž๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ 'ํฌ์ƒ์ž',
10:55
meaning a victim or something that suffers as a result of something else happening.
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์ฆ‰ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๊ณ ํ†ต๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
This also explains why some countries are now turning away from nuclear power
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์™œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์—์„œ
11:05
towards more renewable energy sources,
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์žฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์›์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ
11:07
countries such as,
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๋“ค์–ด,
11:09
well, what was the answer to your quiz question, Neil?
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Neil ๋‹˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
11:12
I asked Sam which country decided to gradually stop using nuclear power?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ˜์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
I said a) Germany.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค. a) ๋…์ผ.
11:18
Which was the correct answer.
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์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
In fact, around 70% of Germany's electricity now comes from renewables.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋…์ผ ์ „๋ ฅ์˜ ์•ฝ 70%๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
OK Neil, let's recap the rest of the vocabulary from this programme,
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OK Neil, ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
starting with to 'phase something out', meaning 'to gradually stop using something'.
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'๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ์ง€ํ•˜๋‹ค', ์ฆ‰ '๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:35
'Vivid memories' are memories that produce powerful feelings
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'์ƒ์ƒํ•œ ๊ธฐ์–ต'์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •
11:39
and strong mental images.
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๊ณผ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ์–ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
Opinions and beliefs which are 'ingrained'
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'๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๊นŠ์€' ์˜๊ฒฌ๊ณผ ์‹ ๋…์€
11:43
are so strongly held that they are difficult to change.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตณ๊ฑดํžˆ ์ž๋ฆฌ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
Something's 'unique selling point' or 'USP'
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์–ด๋–ค ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ '๋…ํŠนํ•œ ํŒ๋งค ํฌ์ธํŠธ' ๋˜๋Š” 'USP'๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ ์ œํ’ˆ๊ณผ
11:50
is the feature that makes it different from, and better than, its competitors.
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์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:54
And, finally, a 'casualty' is a person or thing
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, '์‚ฌ์ƒ์ž'๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:57
that suffers as a result of something else happening.
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.
12:01
That's all from this look into nuclear and renewable energy.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์›์ž๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
โ€” Bye for now. โ€” Bye.
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โ€” ์ผ๋‹จ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•. - ์•ˆ๋…•.
12:07
6 Minute English,
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด,
12:08
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Rob.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ด์—์š”.
12:16
And I'm Sam.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ด์—์š”.
12:17
So, how are you today, Sam?
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”, ์ƒ˜?
12:19
Don't ask, Rob. Today's been a nightmare.
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๋ฌป์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”, ๋กญ. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์•…๋ชฝ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
12:22
This morning, I ripped my jeans and later my computer stopped working.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฐข์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™์„ ๋ฉˆ์ท„์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
Then when I tried taking it to a repair shop, my car wouldn't start.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์ ์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๋™์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
Oh, no, that's terrible.
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์•„, ์•„๋‹ˆ, ์ •๋ง ๋”์ฐํ•ด์š”.
12:34
And the really bad news is that in today's consumer culture, when something breaks,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์†Œ๋น„์ž ๋ฌธํ™”์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚˜๋ฉด ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
12:39
we usually throw it away and buy a new one, instead of trying to repair it.
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๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:44
In this programme, we'll learn all about repairing broken things
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŒŒ์†๋œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
by asking: What would happen if we stopped junking, and got better at fixing?
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์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ ์น˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”? ์ „
12:54
The world generates over two billion tonnes of rubbish every year,
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งค๋…„ 20์–ต ํ†ค์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:58
so we're visiting companies in Sweden
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ท, ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ, ์„ธํƒ๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ
13:01
making it easier to mend things when they break, instead of replacing them,
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๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ต์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์Šค์›จ๋ด ๊ธฐ์—…์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:06
whether that's clothes, bikes or washing machines.
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.
13:09
And my quiz question is about one of those companies โ€”
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์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ Fixi์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
Fixi, a repair service that collects broken bikes from your door
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Fixi๋Š” ์ง‘ ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚œ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์„œ๋น„์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:17
and brings them back fixed.
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.
13:19
The company was started by Rafi Mohammad,
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์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์Šคํ†กํ™€๋ฆ„ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜์‹ ์„ ์ „๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ์ธ Rafi Mohammad์— ์˜ํ•ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:21
a student of Industrial Innovation at the University of Stockholm.
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.
13:26
But what was the inspiration behind Rafi's idea?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด Rafi์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋’ค์— ์ˆจ์€ ์˜๊ฐ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
13:30
Was it a) he wanted to impress his girlfriend?
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a) ๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
13:33
b) he was sick of breathing in the city's car fumes?
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b) ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ˆจ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๊ฒจ์› ๋‚˜์š”?
13:37
Or c) he was late for his lecture because of a flat tyre.
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๋˜๋Š” c) ํƒ€์ด์–ด ํŽ‘ํฌ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ•์˜์— ๋Šฆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:41
I'll say a) he wanted to impress his girlfriend.
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a) ๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
OK, Sam, we'll find out about Rafi and his love life later on.
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์ข‹์•„, ์ƒ˜, ๋ผํ”ผ ์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์—ฐ์•  ์ƒํ™œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์ž.
13:50
But whatever the inspiration behind it, Rafi's idea was a success.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๋’ค์— ์ˆจ์€ ์˜๊ฐ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ , Rafi์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
Fixi took more than 600 orders in its first six months.
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Fixi๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ 6๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ 600๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ฃผ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:00
Rafi's isn't the only Swedish company helping people fix things,
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Rafi's๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
14:04
instead of buying new.
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์ƒˆ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์Šค์›จ๋ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
Denim company, Nudie Jeans, was started with a focus on ethics and sustainability.
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๋ฐ๋‹˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ Nudie Jeans๋Š” ์œค๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
At $150 a pair, Nudie Jeans aren't cheap, but they do promise free repairs for life,
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ํ•œ ์ผค๋ ˆ์— 150๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์ธ Nudie Jeans๋Š” ์ €๋ ดํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์ฐข์–ด์ง„ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฐข์–ด์ง„ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ‰์ƒ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์•ฝ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:19
from ripped knees to torn pockets.
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.
14:21
BBC World Service programme People Fixing The World
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ People Fixing The World๋Š”
14:25
asked students Felix and Fabia Morgen
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ Felix์™€ Fabia Morgen์—๊ฒŒ
14:28
why they bought the jeans despite the high price tag.
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๋†’์€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:33
It's just been a given that when your jeans break, you throw them away,
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์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ์ง€๋ฉด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
14:37
so when I heard that you can repair them easily without any cost
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๋น„์šฉ ์—†์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
14:41
then it was a bit of a no-brainer for me.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ์€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:43
I really like the way they looked,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ์ •๋ง ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
14:46
so for me it's worth it to buy more expensive but stuff that I really like.
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๋” ๋น„์‹ธ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:53
Felix says that throwing out old jeans is 'a given',
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ํŽ ๋ฆญ์Šค๋Š” ๋‚ก์€ ์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ '๊ธฐ์ •๋œ ์ผ'์ด๋ฉฐ
14:56
something that's just assumed to happen.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
For him, buying Nudie Jeans is a 'no-brainer', a decision that's very easy to make.
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๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ Nudie Jeans๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ' ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ' ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
And Fabia agrees. She doesn't mind paying more for 'stuff' she really likes.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Fabia๋„ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” '๋ฌผ๊ฑด'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊บผ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:10
Here, 'stuff' is an informal way to say 'personal objects and possessions'.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 'stuff'๋Š” '๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด๊ณผ ์†Œ์œ ๋ฌผ'์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
Even though they're good at recycling,
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์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์— ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•จ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
15:18
people in wealthy Sweden still buy lots of new stuff,
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๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ์Šค์›จ๋ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹๋งŽ์€ ์ƒˆ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ 
15:22
and they have a big carbon footprint for a country of just ten million.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ฒœ๋งŒ ์ธ๊ตฌ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํฐ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:26
But it's interesting that all the innovators behind these companies
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋“ค ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜์‹ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด
15:30
say that in their grandparents' day,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์กฐ๋ถ€๋ชจ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—๋Š” ๋ง๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„
15:33
it was normal to repair, fix and mend broken stuff.
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๊ณ ์น˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •์ƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:36
Jessika Richter is a researcher at Lund University.
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์ œ์‹œ์นด ๋ฆฌํžˆํ„ฐ(Jessika Richter)๋Š” ๋ฃฌ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:40
She thinks repairing is an endangered activity that we used to do more of,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๋˜ ๋ฉธ์ข… ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ํ™œ๋™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:45
both individually and as a society.
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.
15:48
Here she is talking to BBC World Service's People Fixing The World programme,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” BBC World Service์˜ People Fixing The World ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
15:53
about the need to get back in touch with older ways of doing things.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ ‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
It really is a peer effect and a culture that we're trying to foster here,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์œก์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ 
16:02
changing a culture of consumption.
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์†Œ๋น„ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋Š” ๋˜๋ž˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์ด์ž ๋ฌธํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:06
The more people that are repairing
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์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์•„์ง€๊ณ 
16:08
and the more people that are choosing to buy repair services
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์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ ์„œ๋น„์Šค
16:11
or more repairable products, the more we will see this going mainstream,
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๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์•„์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š”
16:14
and it used to be mainstream.
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์ฃผ๋ฅ˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
So that's what makes me positive too, that it is, in some ways,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ € ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š”
16:18
a return to what we used to be able as a society to do more of.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๋ณต๊ท€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:24
Stories about Sweden's repair shops spread between friends,
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์Šค์›จ๋ด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ํผ์กŒ๊ณ ,
16:27
and Jessica thinks this creates a 'peer effect',
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์ œ์‹œ์นด๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด '๋™๋ฃŒ ํšจ๊ณผ', ์ฆ‰ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ–‰๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”
16:31
the positive or negative influence friends have on the way you behave.
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:36
She hopes this will 'foster', or encourage to grow,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
16:39
a new culture of sustainable consumption
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์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ '์œก์„ฑ'ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋„๋ก ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ
16:42
so that fixing broken stuff will be 'mainstream'
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๊นจ์ง„ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๊ณ ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด '์ฃผ๋ฅ˜'์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ
16:46
or be considered normal once again.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
Yes, that's a big part of the problem.
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ํฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:52
Repairing was something we all used to do but seem to have forgotten.
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์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋˜ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:55
Hopefully, we'll all be inspired to start fixing things again,
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๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ฑด๋Œ€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ณ ์น˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
16:59
or at least pay someone else to.
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์ตœ์†Œํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋„๋ก ์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:01
And speaking of inspiration, what was the answer to your quiz question, Rob?
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์˜๊ฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, Rob๋‹˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
17:06
Ah, yes, I asked about the inspiration behind Rafi Mohammed's company, Fixi.
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์•„, ๋„ค, ์ €๋Š” Rafi Mohammed์˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ Fixi์˜ ์˜๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:12
And I think he started the bike repair service
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ทธ๋Š”
17:15
to a) impress his girlfriend. Was I right?
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a) ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งž์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
17:19
Ah, Sam, that's very romantic,
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์•„, ์ƒ˜, ์ •๋ง ๋‚ญ๋งŒ์ ์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
17:21
but the correct answer was c) he was late for his lecture because of a flat tyre.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ •๋‹ต์€ c) ํƒ€์ด์–ด ํŽ‘ํฌ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ•์˜์— ๋Šฆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
Oh, well, I'm sure if he had a broken heart, he'd be able to mend it.
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์•„, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ํ™•์‹ ํ•ด์š”.
17:31
Indeed.
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๋ฌผ๋ก .
17:32
Well, in this programme, we've been hearing about repairing broken 'stuff',
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์Œ, ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ง๊ฐ€์ง„ '๋ฌผ๊ฑด',
17:35
things or personal possessions.
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๋ฌผ๊ฑด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ์†Œ์œ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:38
That people would fix something broken used to be 'a given',
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š” '๊ธฐ์ •'์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์กŒ๋˜ ๊นจ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ์น˜๊ณ ,
17:41
assumed to be true or certain to happen.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:44
Repairing things used to be a 'no-brainer', the obvious choice.
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์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด '์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ' ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:49
A 'peer effect' is influence of peers and friends on someone's behaviour.
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'๋™๋ฃŒ ํšจ๊ณผ'๋Š” ๋™๋ฃŒ ์™€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:53
Some Swedish companies are trying to 'foster', or encourage the development of,
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์Šค์›จ๋ด ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์†Œ๋น„ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ '์œก์„ฑ'ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:58
a new culture of consumption.
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.
18:00
So that once again, fixing things is 'mainstream',
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด '์ฃผ๋ฅ˜'์ด๋ฉฐ
18:03
accepted as normal or common practice.
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์ •์ƒ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ด€ํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:07
โ€” Well, that's all from us. Bye for now. โ€” Bye-bye.
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โ€” ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•. - ์•ˆ๋…•.
18:11
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
18:13
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
18:15
This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Sam.
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BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ด์—์š”.
18:18
And I'm Neil.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
18:19
That's a tasty chocolate bar you're munching on there, Neil.
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์ €๊ฑฐ ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง›์žˆ๋Š” ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ๋ฐ”์•ผ , ๋‹.
18:22
Tasty, but maybe not healthy.
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๋ง›์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:25
But at least on the wrapper,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ ์–ด๋„ ํฌ์žฅ์ง€์—๋Š”
18:26
there's a label to tell you about its sugar, fat and calorie content.
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์„คํƒ•, ์ง€๋ฐฉ, ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ผ๋ฒจ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:31
Yes, the little coloured guide on the wrapper
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ์žฅ์ง€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
18:34
allows consumers to compare the healthiness of different things.
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์†Œ๋น„์ž๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:38
Well, in this programme, we'll be looking at an idea to add a label
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์Œ, ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
18:42
showing the carbon footprint of a product
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์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ผ๋ฒจ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”
18:45
and talking about some vocabulary used around this subject.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์–ดํœ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:49
By 'carbon footprint', we mean how much carbon is used
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'ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ'์ด๋ž€ ๊ฐœ์ธ, ๊ธฐ์—…, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:52
through the activities of a person, company or country.
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.
18:55
This new system sounds like a good idea, Sam.
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์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”, ์ƒ˜.
18:58
Yes, but, as normal, we still have a question for you to answer first.
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์˜ˆ, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ‰์†Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋จผ์ € ๋‹ต๋ณ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์•ผ ํ•  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„์ง ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:02
I think we all agree we want to reduce our carbon footprint somehow.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:08
But according to the Centre for Research into Energy Demand Solutions,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์ˆ˜์š”์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
19:12
how many tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person annually
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19:18
could be reduced by living car-free?
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด 1์ธ๋‹น ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ช‡ ํ†ค์˜ CO2๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
19:21
Is it a) around one tonne?
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a) ์•ฝ 1ํ†ค์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
19:24
b) around two tonnes? Or c) around three tonnes?
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b) ์•ฝ 2ํ†ค ์ •๋„์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์•ฝ 3ํ†ค?
19:30
I'm sure living without a car would reduce CO2, so I'll say c) around three tonnes.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์—†์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด CO2๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ c) ์•ฝ 3ํ†ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:35
OK, Neil, we'll find out if that's right at the end of the programme.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, Neil. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:39
But let's talk more about carbon labelling.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ผ๋ฒจ๋ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:43
Listing the carbon dioxide emissions of a product on the packaging
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ํฌ์žฅ์— ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๋ฉด
19:47
may encourage us to make greener choices.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ธ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์žฅ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:50
It's not a new idea, but it's something that's never 'caught on',
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” '์œ ํ–‰'ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ ,
19:53
become popular or fashionable.
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์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:56
Until now. The idea now seems to have returned
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€. ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ
19:59
and it's something the BBC World Service programme The Climate Question
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ The Climate Question์ด
20:04
has been looking into.
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์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:05
They've been speaking to business leaders about adding labelling to their products.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ œํ’ˆ์— ๋ผ๋ฒจ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๋ฆฌ๋”๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:10
Such as Marc Engel, Chief Supply Chain Officer at Unilever.
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Unilever์˜ ์ตœ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ง ์ฑ…์ž„์ž์ธ Marc Engel๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:13
Let's hear why he thinks the idea is growing in popularity.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ค์–ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค .
20:18
What we are seeing is Generation Z and Millennials
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ Z์„ธ๋Œ€์™€ ๋ฐ€๋ ˆ๋‹ˆ์–ผ ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€
20:21
are much, much more willing to make choices,
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20:25
informed choices about responsible products and brands,
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์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ๊ณผ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:28
so that's also why we're doing it.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:30
At the end of the day, we're doing it
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”
20:32
because we believe that this is what consumers will ask from business.
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์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์†Œ๋น„์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์—…์— ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:37
You know, this is not something that we made up ourselves.
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:41
So, in this case, it seems it's people buying Unilever products
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ
20:45
who are driving this change, particularly younger people from Gen Z,
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๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ Unilever ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ํŠนํžˆ Z์„ธ๋Œ€์˜ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ์ฆ‰
20:51
so people born towards the end of the 20th century
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20์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ง
20:54
or the beginning of the 21st century, or slightly older Millennials.
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์ด๋‚˜ 21์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ๋˜๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ€๋ ˆ๋‹ˆ์–ผ ์„ธ๋Œ€์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:00
They want to make 'informed choices' about what they buy,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด '์ •๋ณด์— ์ž…๊ฐํ•œ ์„ ํƒ'์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›
21:03
so making decisions based on good and accurate information.
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ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:07
Carbon labelling is part of that information.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ผ๋ฒจ๋ง์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:10
And Marc Engel mentioned consumers wanting to buy
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Marc Engel์€ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์ด
21:13
'responsible' products or brands.
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'์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ ์žˆ๋Š”' ์ œํ’ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:16
Here that means 'trusted or reliable, with less environmental impact'.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด๋Š” '์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์ ์Œ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:22
That all makes sense, and it's why Unilever recently announced
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ Unilever๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ทผ
21:25
it's committed to putting carbon footprint information on 70,000 products.
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70,000๊ฐœ ์ œํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:30
The Climate Question programme also spoke to Dr Zaina Gadema-Cooke,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ Northumbria University์˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ง ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ธ Zaina Gadema-Cooke ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์™€๋„ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:34
an expert in supply chain management at Northumbria University.
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.
21:38
What does she call measuring a product's carbon footprint?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ์ธก์ •์„ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋‚˜์š”?
21:43
The problem with footprinting is it's almost impossible
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๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
21:47
to include the consumption stage associated with the consumer,
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21:51
because we all deal with the products that we purchase and dispose of differently.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๊ณ  ํ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†Œ๋น„์ž์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์†Œ๋น„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:57
So it's very difficult to include that so โ€˜farm-to-forkโ€™ calculations
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— '๋†์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹ํƒ๊นŒ์ง€' ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์€
22:03
tend to really be โ€˜farm-to-retail-shelfโ€™ calculations of carbon footprint loadings.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ '๋†์žฅ์—์„œ ์†Œ๋งค์ ๊นŒ์ง€' ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:11
So Dr Zaina Gadema-Cooke describes the measurement
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Zaina Gadema-Cooke ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š”
22:14
of a product's carbon footprint as 'footprinting'
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์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ ์ธก์ •์„ '๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ'์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
22:18
and this, she says, is difficult to measure
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22:21
because we don't know what people do with the stuff after they have bought it.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•œ ํ›„ ๊ทธ ์ œํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:27
Yes, so for example, a carbon label might show an estimate
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์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ผ๋ฒจ์€ ์ –์†Œ์—์„œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ์œ ์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ ์ถ”์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:31
of the carbon footprint of milk from the cow to the consumer,
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22:34
what Dr Zaina Gadema-Cooke calls โ€˜farm to forkโ€™ โ€”
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Zaina Gadema-Cooke ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ '๋†์žฅ์—์„œ ํฌํฌ๊นŒ์ง€'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:38
but after it leaves the supermarket shelf, we donโ€™t know how efficiently it's stored,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์Šˆํผ๋งˆ์ผ“ ์ง„์—ด๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚œ ํ›„์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ €์žฅ๋˜๋Š”์ง€,
22:42
how much is wasted and what happens to the packaging.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‚ญ๋น„๋˜๋Š”์ง€, ํฌ์žฅ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:46
It's all 'food for thought', something to think seriously about.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ '์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ', ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ผ์ด๋‹ค.
22:51
And Sam, what do you think about my answer to your question earlier?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒ˜, ์•ž์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
22:55
Ah, yes, I asked you
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์•„, ๋„ค, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์ˆ˜์š”์†”๋ฃจ์…˜
22:57
according to the Centre for Research into Energy Demand Solutions,
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์—†์ด ์ƒํ™œํ•˜๋ฉด 1์ธ๋‹น ์—ฐ๊ฐ„
23:02
how many tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person
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๋ช‡ ํ†ค ์˜ CO2 ํ™˜์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์„
23:06
annually could be reduced by living car-free?
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์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:10
And I said around three tonnes.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์•ฝ 3ํ†ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:12
Which was actually a bit too much.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:16
Research found living car-free reduces a person's annual CO2 production
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์—†์ด ์ƒํ™œํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ CO2 ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด
23:21
by an average of 2.04 tonnes.
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ํ‰๊ท  2.04ํ†ค ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:25
Anyway, let's briefly recap some of the vocabulary we've mentioned today.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ , ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:29
Yes, we've been talking about measuring our 'carbon footprint'.
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์˜ˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ' ์ธก์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:33
That's how much carbon is used
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์ด๋Š”
23:35
through the activities of a person, company or country.
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๊ฐœ์ธ, ๊ธฐ์—…, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:39
And 'footprinting' is an informal way
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ'์€
23:41
of saying 'measuring the carbon footprint of something'.
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'์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค '๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:44
When something has 'caught on', it means it has become popular or fashionable.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด '๋ถ™์žก์•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:49
And making 'informed choices'
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์ •๋ณด์— ์ž…๊ฐํ•œ ์„ ํƒ'์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ
23:51
means making decisions based on good and accurate information.
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๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
23:55
Buying something that is 'responsible' means that it is trusted or reliable
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'์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ ์žˆ๋Š”' ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๋ฉฐ,
24:00
and the phrase 'from farm to fork'
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'๋†์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹ํƒ๊นŒ์ง€'๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€
24:02
describes the processes involved from agricultural production to consumption.
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๋†์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ์—์„œ ์†Œ๋น„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:06
We're out of time now, but thanks for listening. Bye for now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
24:10
Goodbye.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
24:12
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
24:14
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
24:17
Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
24:21
And I'm Sam.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ด์—์š”. ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
24:23
It's hard to feel positive when you hear about climate change,
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๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์ฃ  , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€
24:26
don't you think, Neil?
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์•Š๋‚˜์š”, Neil?
24:27
Yes, according to the UN's COP26 conference,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. UN์˜ COP26 ํšŒ์˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด,
24:30
we're heading for a catastrophic global temperature rise
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธˆ์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€
24:33
of three degrees by the end of this century.
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3๋„ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌ์•™์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:36
Fires are blazing from the Amazon to the Arctic
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ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ์กด์—์„œ ๋ถ๊ทน๊นŒ์ง€ ํƒ€์˜ค๋ฅด๊ณ 
24:39
and even if we stopped burning all fossil fuels tomorrow,
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ , ๋‚ด์ผ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ์—ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„
24:42
it would take decades to feel the effects. It's all very depressing.
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๊ทธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งค์šฐ ์šฐ์šธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:47
I agree. But there is hope that catastrophes can be avoided,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋•๋ถ„์— ์žฌ์•™์„ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํฌ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:50
thanks to some amazing ideas by some very imaginative scientists.
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.
24:55
In this programme, we'll be discussing 'geoengineering',
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
24:58
the name for a collection of new scientific plans
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25:01
to remove carbon from the atmosphere and stop global warming.
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณผํ•™์  ๊ณ„ํš ๋ชจ์Œ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ธ '์ง€๊ตฌ๊ณตํ•™'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:05
Also called 'climate repair',
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'๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณต๊ตฌ'๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
25:08
geoengineering is still in the experimental stages.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๊ณตํ•™์€ ์•„์ง ์‹คํ—˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:11
Some technologies are controversial
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€
25:13
because they interfere with natural climate systems
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์ž์—ฐ ๊ธฐํ›„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋…ผ๋ž€์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
25:16
and others may not even be possible.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:18
One ingenious idea to cool the planet
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…์ฐฝ์ ์ธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
25:21
involves spraying diamond dust in the sky to deflect the sun's rays.
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์— ๋‹ค์ด์•„๋ชฌ๋“œ ๋จผ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฟŒ๋ ค ํƒœ์–‘ ๊ด‘์„ ์„ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:25
Amazing. But before we find out more, I have a question for you, Sam.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ƒ˜์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:30
Spraying diamond dust in the sky sounds futuristic, but in the 1960s
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์— ๋‹ค์ด์•„๋ชฌ๋“œ ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, 1960๋…„๋Œ€์—๋Š”
25:35
there was a band who wrote a song called Lucy In The Sky With Diamonds.
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Lucy In The Sky With Diamonds๋ผ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์“ด ๋ฐด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:39
But which band?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์–ด๋Š ๋ฐด๋“œ?
25:40
Was it a) the Rolling Stones? b) The Beach Boys? Or c) The Beatles?
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a) ๋กค๋ง ์Šคํ†ค์ฆˆ์˜€๋‚˜์š”? b) ๋น„์น˜ ๋ณด์ด์Šค? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ๋น„ํ‹€์ฆˆ?
25:45
I think most people would say the answer is c) The Beatles.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ c) ๋น„ํ‹€์ฆˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:49
OK, we'll find out the answer later in the programme.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:52
Now, throwing diamonds in the sky might sound crazy,
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์— ๋‹ค์ด์•„๋ชฌ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ์นœ ์ง“์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„
25:55
but it's far from the wildest idea
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š”
25:57
scientists have thought up to decarbonise the planet.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํƒˆํƒ„์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋‚ธ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์™€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:00
Oceans hold 16 times more carbon than the Earth's atmosphere
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค 16๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ 
26:05
and could hold even more if the fish and plankton living there
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์™€ ํ”Œ๋ž‘ํฌํ†ค์—
26:08
had more available 'nutrients', food that animals and plants need to grow.
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๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์‹๋ฌผ์ด ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ '์˜์–‘์†Œ'๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:13
But how to provide these nutrients?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜์–‘์†Œ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
26:16
Believe it or not, one answer involves, you guessed it, whale poo.
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๋ฏฟ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ง๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ์ง์ž‘ํ•˜์…จ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๋˜ฅ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:21
David King chairs the Centre for Climate Repair at Cambridge University.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ ํ‚น(David King)์€ ์ผ€์ž„๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณต๊ตฌ ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ์˜์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:25
He explained how his unusual idea would work
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€
26:29
to BBC World Service programme, Discovery.
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ Discovery์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:33
Imagine now a pod of whales all coming up and pooing in the same area of the ocean.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๋–ผ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์™€์„œ ๋˜ฅ์„ ์‹ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
26:39
This could be in an eddy current
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์™€๋ฅ˜์ผ ์ˆ˜
26:41
and it could lead to something like 10,000 to 20,000 square kilometres
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฒ ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์˜์–‘๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ฎ์ด๋Š” ๋ฉด์ ์ด 10,000~20,000ํ‰๋ฐฉ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
26:46
being covered in nutrients, including iron.
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.
26:49
And as we know from observations today,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด,
26:52
within three months, that region is chock-a-block with fish.
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3๊ฐœ์›” ์•ˆ์— ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:57
Whales live in groups called 'pods'.
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๊ณ ๋ž˜๋Š” '๊ผฌํˆฌ๋ฆฌ'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด ์ƒํ™œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:59
They swim up to the ocean surface to poo,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ฅ์„ ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ํ‘œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ํ—ค์—„์ณ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ,
27:02
and this poo can be spread in an 'eddy',
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์ด ๋˜ฅ์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์›ํ˜• ์šด๋™์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ํฐ ๋ฌผ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์ธ '์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด'๋กœ ํผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:05
a large current of water moving in a circular motion like a giant whirlpool.
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. ๊ทธ
27:10
As a result, huge areas of the ocean are covered in nutrients
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ๋„“์€ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ์˜์–‘๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ฎ์—ฌ
27:14
and become 'chock-a-block' with fish, an informal way to say 'full' of fish.
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝ‰ ์ฐจ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:20
Another original idea being explored is 'rock weathering'.
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ํƒ๊ตฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋…์ฐฝ์ ์ธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” '์•”์„ ํ’ํ™”์ž‘์šฉ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:24
Carbon is slowly locked into rocks and mountains over thousands of years
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ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ ์ง€์งˆํ•™์  ๊ณผ์ •์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋ฐ”์œ„์™€ ์‚ฐ์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:28
by natural geological processes.
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.
27:31
This literally groundbreaking idea would speed up the process
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š”
27:35
by locking carbon into rocks that have been dug up through industrial mining.
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์‚ฐ์—… ์ฑ„๊ตด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ฑ„๊ตด๋œ ์•”์„์— ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋‘์–ด ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:40
Listen as geochemist Professor Rachael James explains her idea
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์ง€๊ตฌํ™”ํ•™์ž์ธ Rachel James ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
27:44
to BBC World Service's Discovery.
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BBC World Service์˜ Discovery์— ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
27:48
For every tonne of rock that's mined,
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์ฑ„๊ตด๋˜๋Š” ์•”์„ 1ํ†ค๋‹น ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š”
27:51
only a very tiny proportion, a couple of grams of that, is actually diamond.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„, ์ฆ‰ 2 ๊ทธ๋žจ๋งŒ์ด ๋‹ค์ด์•„๋ชฌ๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:56
The rest of it is effectively waste.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ๋‚ญ๋น„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:00
So, mine waste material is potentially a really great source
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์€ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•”์„ ํ’ํ™” ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฉ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ž์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:05
of material that could be repurposed for enhanced rock weathering,
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28:08
and I think that's really good, because it creates a circular economy.
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์ˆœํ™˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •๋ง ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:13
Mining for diamonds creates tonnes of waste rock
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๋‹ค์ด์•„๋ชฌ๋“œ ์ฑ„๊ตด์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ํฌ์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ํ์„์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:16
which could be used to capture carbon.
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.
28:19
Professor James wants to 'repurpose' this rock, to find a new use for it.
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์ œ์ž„์Šค ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ด ์•”์„์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์šฉ๋„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ์•”์„์˜ '์žฌ์šฉ๋„'๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:25
Not only would this lock more carbon, it also creates a 'circular economy',
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์ด๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ํƒ„์†Œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๊ณต์œ , ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฐ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ธ '์ˆœํ™˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ'๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:29
an economic model which involves sharing, reusing and recycling products
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28:34
for as long as possible to avoid waste, and to reduce levels of carbon.
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.
28:39
While these ideas might sound strange, they're all theoretically possible,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ
28:44
and looking to science for positive solutions reminds some people
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๊ณผํ•™์—์„œ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
28:48
of the early ecological movement which started in the 1960s
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1960๋…„๋Œ€์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์–ด
28:52
and now, 50 years later, is being taken seriously.
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50๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ƒํƒœ ์šด๋™์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:56
Speaking of the 1960s, it's time to reveal the answer to my question, Sam.
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1960๋…„๋Œ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™€์„œ ์ด์ œ ๋‚ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๊ตฐ์š”, ์ƒ˜.
29:01
Yes, you asked me which '60s band wrote the song Lucy In The Sky With Diamonds?
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๋„ค, ์–ด๋Š 60๋…„๋Œ€ ๋ฐด๋“œ๊ฐ€ Lucy In The Sky With Diamonds๋ผ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ผ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์œผ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
29:06
I said, confidently, c) the Beatles.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž์‹  ์žˆ๊ฒŒ c) ๋น„ํ‹€์ฆˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
29:10
Which was, of course, the correct answer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:12
John Lennon and Paul McCartney wrote the song in 1967,
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์กด ๋ ˆ๋…ผ(John Lennon)๊ณผ ํด ๋งค์นดํŠธ๋‹ˆ(Paul McCartney)๋Š” 1967๋…„์— ์ด ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ผ์ง€
29:16
but I doubt even they could have predicted
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๋งŒ, ์ด ๋…ธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์  ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์— ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค๋„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„์ง€ ์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
29:18
that it would inspire a scientific idea to save the planet.
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.
29:22
OK, let's recap the vocabulary from the programme,
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์ž,
29:25
starting with 'nutrients', food that plants and animals need to grow.
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์‹๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์Œ์‹์ธ '์˜์–‘์†Œ'๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:30
Whales and other sea mammals like dolphins live in a group called a 'pod'.
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๊ณ ๋ž˜์™€ ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•ด์–‘ ํฌ์œ ๋ฅ˜๋Š” '๊ผฌํˆฌ๋ฆฌ'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃน์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:35
An 'eddy' is a large current of water moving in a circular motion.
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'์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด'๋Š” ์›ํ˜• ์šด๋™์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๋ฌผ์˜ ํฐ ํ๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
29:40
'Chock-a-block' is an informal way to say 'full' of something.
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'Chock-a-block'์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ '๊ฐ€๋“'์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:43
If you 'repurpose' something, you find a new use for it,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ '์žฌ์šฉ๋„'ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
29:47
a use other than what was originally intended.
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์›๋ž˜ ์˜๋„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฉ๋„, ์ฆ‰ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์šฉ๋„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:50
And, finally, the planet's future might depend on the 'circular economy',
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์™€ ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณต์œ , ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ, ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์„ ์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ธ '์ˆœํ™˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ'์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
29:55
an economic system which values sharing, reusing and recycling
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29:59
over consumption and waste.
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30:01
These incredible scientific innovations
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ณผํ•™์  ํ˜์‹ ์€
30:03
might mean that time is not yet up for planet Earth,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์•„์ง ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋‹ค ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
30:06
but time is up for this programme.
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋‹ค ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ 6 Minute English์—์„œ
30:09
Join us again soon for more trending topics and related vocabulary
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”
30:12
here at 6 Minute English. Goodbye for now.
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. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
30:14
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
30:16
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
30:18
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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