Grammar challenge: 'Wish' & the past perfect

43,570 views ・ 2024-03-12

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hello! The programme you're about to listen to
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”! μ§€κΈˆ λ“€μœΌμ‹œλ €λŠ” ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€
00:02
was originally broadcast in 2008 on the BBC Learning English website.
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μ›λž˜ 2008년에 BBC Learning English μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈμ—μ„œ λ°©μ†‘λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:08
We hope you enjoy it.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 당신이 그것을 μ¦κΈ°μ‹œκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:10
Welcome to Grammar Challenge from BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC Learning English dot com의 Grammar Challenge에 μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:15
Let's meet this week's challenger.
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이번주 λ„μ „μžλ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚˜λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:20
Hello, my name is Daewon.
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”, 제 이름은 λŒ€μ›μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
I'm from South Korea and now in London.
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μ €λŠ” ν•œκ΅­ μΆœμ‹ μ΄κ³  μ§€κΈˆμ€ λŸ°λ˜μ— μžˆμ–΄μš”.
00:25
I study at English Studio, near Holborn Station.
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μ €λŠ” Holborn μ—­ κ·Όμ²˜μ— μžˆλŠ” English Studioμ—μ„œ κ³΅λΆ€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:29
Actually, it's my first time for broadcasting,
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사싀 방솑이 처음이라
00:33
so I'm nervous and afraid.
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떨리고 두렡기도 ν•΄μš”.
00:43
I want to start with a question, Daewon.
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μ§ˆλ¬ΈλΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, λŒ€μ›λ‹˜.
00:46
Do you know what a regret is?
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ν›„νšŒκ°€ 뭔지 μ•„μ„Έμš”?
00:49
Well, yes.
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κ·Έλ ‡μ£ .
00:50
Yeah? What is it? Can you explain?
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응? 그것은 λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? μ„€λͺ…ν•΄μ£Όμ‹€ 수 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
00:53
I want to change my past,
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λ‚˜λŠ” κ³Όκ±°λ₯Ό λ°”κΎΈκ³  μ‹ΆκΈ°
00:56
so if it could be, I will go back to my past
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λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€λ©΄ 과거둜 λŒμ•„κ°€μ„œ
01:01
and choose another choice.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 선택을 ν•˜κ² λ‹€.
01:03
I think this is 'regret' meaning.
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이게 'ν›„νšŒν•˜λ‹€'λΌλŠ” 뜻인 것 κ°™μ•„μš”.
01:06
That's absolutely right, yeah.
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λ„€, 정말 λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:07
A regret is where we did something in the past
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ν›„νšŒλŠ” 과거에 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 일을 ν–ˆκ³ 
01:11
that, if we could go back into the past and change it, that's what we'd do. OK?
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, λ§Œμ•½ 과거둜 λŒμ•„κ°€μ„œ 그것을 λ°”κΏ€ 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄, 그것이 λ°”λ‘œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•  μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”?
01:15
Now, we're going to listen to some audio clips of Mark and Eleanor,
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이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” Mark와 Eleanor의
01:20
talking about their regrets.
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ν›„νšŒμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” μ˜€λ””μ˜€ 클립을 λ“€μ–΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
See if you can hear what it is they wish they had done differently.
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그듀이 λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ ν–ˆμœΌλ©΄ μ’‹μ•˜μ„ 것이 무엇인지 듀을 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ ν™•μΈν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
01:27
Yeah, OK.
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그래 μ’‹μ•„.
01:30
I went for a walk in the park yesterday,
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μ–΄μ œ 곡원에 μ‚°μ±…ν•˜λŸ¬ λ‚˜κ°”λŠ”λ° λΉ„κ°€ 내리기
01:33
but it started raining and I got really wet.
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μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ„œ 많이 μ –μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
01:36
I wish I had taken my umbrella.
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μš°μ‚°μ„ 가져갔더라면 μ’‹μ•˜μ„ ν…λ°μš”.
01:40
I wish I hadn't bought a rather expensive dress in the sales,
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세일 λ•Œ μ’€ λΉ„μ‹Ό λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό 사지 μ•Šμ•˜λ”λΌλ©΄ μ’‹μ•˜μ„ ν…λ°μš”.
01:44
because I actually never ended up wearing it at all
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ €λŠ” μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ·Έ λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό μ „ν˜€ μž…μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κ³ ,
01:47
and I thought I was getting a bargain, but I wasn't.
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할인을 λ°›κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆλŠ”λ° 그렇지 μ•Šμ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:54
How's that?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œν•œλ‹€λŠ”κ±°μ•Ό?
01:55
Mark didn't take his umbrella
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λ§ˆν¬λŠ” μš°μ‚°μ„ 가져가지 μ•Šμ•˜κ³ ,
01:58
and second, she bought a expensive dress, so she regret.
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λ‘˜μ§ΈλŠ” λΉ„μ‹Ό λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό μ‚¬μ„œ ν›„νšŒν–ˆλ‹€.
02:04
Excellent, OK.
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ν›Œλ₯­ν•΄μš”. μ•Œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
So, now we're going to listen to our grammar expert, Catherine,
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이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 문법 전문가인 Catherine이
02:09
talking about this grammatical structure, 'I wish I had'.
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'λ‚΄κ°€ 그랬으면 μ’‹μ•˜μ„ 텐데'λΌλŠ” 문법 ꡬ쑰에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ“€μ–΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:18
Hi, Daewon! Well done.
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”, λŒ€μ›λ‹˜! μž˜ν•˜μ…¨μ–΄μš”.
02:20
Mark didn't take his umbrella to the park, and now he regrets it.
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λ§ˆν¬λŠ” 곡원에 μš°μ‚°μ„ 가져가지 μ•Šμ•˜κ³  μ§€κΈˆμ€ 그것을 ν›„νšŒν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:25
Elena bought an expensive dress, and she regrets that too.
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μ—˜λ ˆλ‚˜λŠ” κ°’λΉ„μ‹Ό λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό 샀고 그것도 ν›„νšŒν•œλ‹€.
02:30
Here's Mark.
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μ—¬κΈ° λ§ˆν¬κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
I wish I had taken my umbrella.
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μš°μ‚°μ„ 가져갔더라면 μ’‹μ•˜μ„ ν…λ°μš”.
02:34
Let's break that down.
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그것을 뢄석해 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
02:36
Mark used 'I wish', with the past perfect.
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MarkλŠ” 'I Wish'λ₯Ό κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£Œν˜•μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:40
Now, remember, the past perfect has three parts β€”
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κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”, κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ€
02:43
a subject, like 'I', 'you', 'he',
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'I', 'you', 'he'와 같은 μ£Όμ–΄,
02:47
then 'had' and finally, the past participle,
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κ·Έ λ‹€μŒ 'had', λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ
02:51
for example, 'take', 'took', 'taken' β€” taken is the past participle.
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'take', 'took', '와 같은 κ³Όκ±° λΆ„μ‚¬μ˜ μ„Έ λΆ€λΆ„μœΌλ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. Take' β€” TakeλŠ” κ³Όκ±°λΆ„μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
So 'I had taken' is past perfect.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 'I had take'λŠ” κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£Œν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:02
So, when Mark says...
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ Markκ°€ λ§ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ...
03:04
I wish I had taken my umbrella.
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μš°μ‚°μ„ 가져갔더라면 μ’‹μ•˜μ„ 텐데.
03:06
..he's using 'I wish' with past perfect, to talk about past regrets.
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..κ·ΈλŠ” 과거의 ν›„νšŒμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 말할 λ•Œ κ³Όκ±°μ™„λ£Œμ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ 'I Wish'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
03:13
Mark regrets something that didn't happen β€”
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λ§ˆν¬λŠ” μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 일을 ν›„νšŒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
he didn't take his umbrella, and he wishes he had.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μš°μ‚°μ„ 가져가지 μ•Šμ•˜κ³  그랬으면 μ’‹μ•˜μ„ ν…λ°μš”.
03:20
But Elena regrets something that did happen β€”
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—˜λ ˆλ‚˜λŠ” μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μΌμ–΄λ‚œ 일을 ν›„νšŒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
she bought an expensive dress, but she never wore it.
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κ°’λΉ„μ‹Ό λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό 샀지 만 ν•œ λ²ˆλ„ μž…μ§€ μ•Šμ€ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:27
So, she uses 'I wish' with 'I hadn't bought' β€” that's a negative past perfect.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 'I hadn't buy'와 ν•¨κ»˜ 'I Wish'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŠ” λΆ€μ • κ³Όκ±°μ™„λ£Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
Here she is again.
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ λ‹€μ‹œ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:36
I wish I hadn’t bought a rather expensive dress in the sales.
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세일 λ•Œ μ’€ λΉ„μ‹Ό λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό 사지 μ•Šμ•˜λ”λΌλ©΄ μ’‹μ•˜μ„ ν…λ°μš”.
03:40
One more thing, if you're talking about he or she,
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ν•œ 가지 더, κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ '
03:43
don't forget to say 'wishes' instead of 'wish' β€”
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μ†Œμ›' λŒ€μ‹  'μ†Œμ›'이라고 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μžŠμ§€ λ§ˆμ„Έμš”.
03:47
so if you're talking about Elena, say 'she wishes she hadn't bought that dress'.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ—˜λ ˆλ‚˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ ' κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ·Έ λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό 사지 μ•Šμ•˜λ”λΌλ©΄ μ’‹μ•˜μ„ 텐데'라고 λ§ν•˜μ„Έμš”. .
03:53
OK, Daewon, good luck with your grammar challenge!
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μ’‹μ•„, λŒ€μ› 씨, 문법 도전에 ν–‰μš΄μ΄ 있기λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€!
03:59
Do you know what? I think that we're ready for the Grammar Challenge.
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κ·Έκ±° μ•Œμ•„μš”? λ‚΄ 생각엔 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” Grammar Challengeλ₯Ό ν•  μ€€λΉ„κ°€ 된 것 κ°™μ•„μš”.
04:02
This is what we're going to do.
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이것이 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•  μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:03
I'm going to give you a sentence with a regret
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ν›„νšŒκ°€ λ‹΄κΈ΄ λ¬Έμž₯을 μ£Όλ©΄ '됐으면
04:06
and you're going to turn it into a sentence
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04:08
using 'I wish I had' or 'I wish I hadn't'. OK?
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μ’‹μ•˜μ„ 텐데', 'μ•ˆ ν–ˆμœΌλ©΄ μ’‹μ•˜μ„ 텐데'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄ λ¬Έμž₯으둜 λ°”κΎΈλ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”?
04:12
β€” OK. β€” OK.
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- μ’‹μ•„μš”. - μ’‹μ•„μš”.
04:14
Andrew's train was late and he's missed a meeting.
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Andrew의 κΈ°μ°¨κ°€ μ—°μ°©λ˜μ–΄ νšŒμ˜μ— μ°Έμ„ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:19
He wishes he had, he had take a train.
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κ·ΈλŠ” κΈ°μ°¨λ₯Ό 탔더라면 μ’‹μ•˜μ„ 텐데.
04:25
Mm-hm. His train was late, so what does he wish about his train. Try it again.
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음-흠. 그의 κΈ°μ°¨λŠ” λŠ¦μ—ˆλŠ”λ°, κ·ΈλŠ” 기차에 λŒ€ν•΄ 무엇을 λ°”λΌλŠ”κ°€? λ‹€μ‹œ μ‹œλ„ν•΄ λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
04:29
OK. He wishes the train hadn't been late.
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. κ·ΈλŠ” κΈ°μ°¨κ°€ λŠ¦μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μœΌλ©΄ μ’‹κ² λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:37
Perfect.
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ.
04:38
He didn't take his umbrella, but now it's raining.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μš°μ‚°μ„ 가져가지 μ•Šμ•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ§€κΈˆμ€ λΉ„κ°€ 내리고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
He wishes he hadn't bring... taking, taking his umbrella.
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κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ€ μš°μ‚°μ„ κ°€μ Έμ˜€μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ”λΌλ©΄ μ’‹μ•˜μ„ ν…λ°μš” .
04:51
He didn't take his umbrella, so he wishes...
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κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ€ μš°μ‚°μ„ 가져가지 μ•Šμ•˜κ±°λ“ μš”. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ”...
04:55
He wishes he had taken his umbrella.
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μš°μ‚°μ„ 가져갔더라면 μ’‹μ•˜μ„ ν…λ°μš”.
04:58
Perfect. OK, one more.
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ. λ„€, ν•˜λ‚˜ λ”μš”.
05:00
She bought a dress, but now she regrets it.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό 샀지 만 μ§€κΈˆμ€ 그것을 ν›„νšŒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:04
She wishes she hadn't bought a new dress.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μƒˆ λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό 사지 μ•Šμ•˜λ”λΌλ©΄ μ’‹μ•˜μ„ ν…λ°μš”.
05:07
That's absolutely perfect.
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정말 μ™„λ²½ν•΄μš”.
05:08
I think you did really, really well with that Grammar Challenge.
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λ‚΄ 생각엔 당신이 문법 μ±Œλ¦°μ§€λ₯Ό 정말 정말 μž˜ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•΄μš” .
05:11
It's very difficult and you did excellently.
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정말 μ–΄λ €μš΄ 일인데 ν›Œλ₯­ν•˜κ²Œ ν•΄λ‚΄μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
Grammar Challenge from BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC Learning English dot com의 문법 도전.
05:17
Now, Daewon, do you have any regrets?
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자, λŒ€μ› 씨, ν›„νšŒν•˜λŠ” 일은 μ—†λ‚˜μš”?
05:20
Well, when I land in this city, I disappointed, the weather,
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κΈ€μŽ„μš”, μ œκ°€ 이 λ„μ‹œμ— λ„μ°©ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ μ €λŠ” 날씨와
05:27
expensive cost.
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λΉ„μ‹Ό λΉ„μš© λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ‹€λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:29
You were disappointed by London?
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λŸ°λ˜μ— μ‹€λ§ν–ˆλ‚˜μš”?
05:31
And British meals.
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그리고 μ˜κ΅­μ‹ 식사.
05:32
British food? You didn't like British food?
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영ꡭ μŒμ‹? 영ꡭ μŒμ‹μ„ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‚˜μš”?
05:34
So, if I go back to my choose the country,
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그럼, λ‹€μ‹œ κ΅­κ°€ μ„ νƒμœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°€λ©΄
05:39
I will...
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...
05:40
Uh-uh, what's the grammar? I wish...
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μ–΄-μ–΄, 문법이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ˜λ‚˜μš”? μ’‹κ² λ‹€...
05:43
I wish... I wish I had gone to America or Canada.
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μ’‹κ² λ‹€... λ―Έκ΅­μ΄λ‚˜ μΊλ‚˜λ‹€λ‘œ 갔더라면 μ’‹μ•˜μ„ 텐데.
05:48
Sorry, but...
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μ£„μ†‘ν•΄μš”. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ...
05:49
I can't, I can't believe I'm hearing this. I can't believe I'm hearing.
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λͺ»ν•΄μš”. μ œκ°€ 이 말을 λ“£κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 게 믿기지 μ•Šμ•„μš”. λ‚΄κ°€ λ“£κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 게 믿기지 μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€.
05:53
This is the BBC, do you realise what you're saying?
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μ—¬κΈ°λŠ” BBCμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 무슨 말인지 μ•„μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
05:59
BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC ν•™μŠ΅ μ˜μ–΄ λ‹·μ»΄.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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