BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'The solar system' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocab!

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2024-11-10 ใƒป BBC Learning English


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BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'The solar system' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocab!

65,014 views ใƒป 2024-11-10

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
6 Minute English,
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00:02
from BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
00:05
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
00:10
And I'm Georgie.
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์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
โ€œThat's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankindโ€ โ€”
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โ€œ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ํ•œ ๊ฑธ์Œ, ์ธ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋„์•ฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
00:15
famous words, but do you know who said them?
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์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ง์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:18
Of course, that was Neil Armstrong, the first person to land on the Moon.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๋‹ฌ์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ ๋‹ ์•”์ŠคํŠธ๋กฑ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
Right, the Apollo 11 spacecraft landed Neil Armstrong on the Moon
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•„ํด๋กœ 11ํ˜ธ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์€ 1969๋…„ 7์›” 20์ผ์— ๋‹ ์•”์ŠคํŠธ๋กฑ์„ ๋‹ฌ์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
on the 20th of July 1969.
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00:29
But in decades after that famous event,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ดํ›„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜์„œ
00:32
interest in returning to the Moon faded away, until now.
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๋‹ฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
Summer 2023 saw the start of a new race for the Moon
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2023๋…„ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์—๋Š”
00:40
between Russia's Luna-25 spacecraft and India's Chandrayaan-3.
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ Luna-25 ์šฐ์ฃผ์„  ๊ณผ ์ธ๋„์˜ Chandrayaan-3 ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‹ฌ์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
Russia's rocket crashed on landing,
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋กœ์ผ“์€ ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ ์ค‘ ์ถ”๋ฝํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
00:48
but Chandrayaan-3 successfully touched down on the 23rd of August,
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์ฐฌ๋“œ๋ผ์–€ 3ํ˜ธ๋Š” 8์›” 23์ผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™
00:53
making India only the fourth country to successfully land on the Moon.
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ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธ๋„๋Š” ๋‹ฌ ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™์— ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•œ ๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:58
But why this sudden interest in going back to the Moon?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์™œ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋‹ฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ ค๋Š” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:01
That's what we'll be discussing in this programme
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋‚ด์šฉ
01:04
and, as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary too.
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์ด๋ฉฐ ํ‰์†Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
But before we blast off, I have a question for you, Georgie.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”, ์กฐ์ง€.
01:13
Everyone knows that Neil Armstrong was the first man on the Moon
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๋‹ ์•”์ŠคํŠธ๋กฑ(Neil Armstrong)์ด ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๋‹ฌ์— ๋ฐœ์„ ๋””๋”˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
01:16
and was followed by a second astronaut, Buzz Aldrin.
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์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ์ธ ๋ฒ„์ฆˆ ์˜ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฐ( Buzz Aldrin)์ด ๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ž๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
But who was the third Apollo astronaut who flew the command module
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ฌ์„ ๊ฑท๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ๋ น์„ ์„ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋น„ํ–‰ํ•œ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์•„ํด๋กœ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
01:25
while his crewmates walked on the Moon?
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?
01:28
Was it a) Yuri Gagarin? B) Michael Collins? Or c) Alan Shepard?
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a) ์œ ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฆฐ์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? B) ๋งˆ์ดํด ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์Šค? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์•จ๋Ÿฐ ์…ฐํผ๋“œ?
01:34
Hmm, I think it was Michael Collins.
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ํ , ๋งˆ์ดํด ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์Šค์˜€๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
01:37
OK, Georgie, we'll find out the answer at the end of the programme.
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์ข‹์•„, ์กฐ์ง€. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ .
01:42
In some ways, the current interest in the Moon
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์€
01:45
is really more about the origins of Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
One theory is that, during the early days of the solar system,
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด๋ก ์€
01:52
around four billion years ago, another planet crashed into Earth
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์•ฝ 40์–ต ๋…„ ์ „ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ
01:57
breaking off a part which then formed the Moon.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊นจ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ฌ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์›€์ง์ด๋Š”
02:00
Unlike the Earth's surface, which is constantly moving,
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์ง€๊ตฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
02:04
the Moon is completely still,
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๋‹ฌ์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ •์ง€๋˜์–ด
02:06
frozen in time to create a perfectly preserved record
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„ ํƒ„์ƒ ์‹œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์กดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:10
of what happened at the birth of the solar system.
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.
02:14
Here's astronomer Dr Becky Smethurst explaining more
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž Becky Smethurst ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
02:18
to BBC Radio 4 programme Inside Science.
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BBC Radio 4 ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ Inside Science์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
Whereas on the Moon, it's just this inert rock, there's no atmosphere,
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๋‹ฌ์—๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ถˆํ™œ์„ฑ ์•”์„์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๊ณ  ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
so every single thing that's happened to the Moon
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
02:30
in its four and a half billion years' worth of history
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45์–ต ๋…„์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‹ฌ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์ด
02:32
is still recorded there on it.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ฌ์— ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
And so, if anyone's ever seen an image of the far side of the Moon,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋’ท๋ฉด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ
02:40
so the side of the Moon that we cannot see from Earth is incredibly pockmarked.
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๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋’ท๋ฉด์€ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
There are craters all over that thing,
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๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
and so this is a really big deal
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—
02:51
when we're thinking about what happened to the early Earth as well,
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ์ •๋ง ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
because we think all of the Earth's water
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌผ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ํ˜œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์†Œํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜
02:57
came from impacts with comets and asteroids
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์ถฉ๋Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
in the very early days of the solar system.
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ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์˜ ์ผ.
03:02
The rock which makes up the Moon is 'inert', it 'doesn't move'.
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๋‹ฌ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์•”์„์€ '๋ถˆํ™œ์„ฑ'์ด๋ฉฐ '์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'.
03:06
It's also full of 'craters',
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๋˜ํ•œ '๋ถ„ํ™”๊ตฌ', ์ฆ‰
03:08
'large holes in the ground caused by something hitting it'.
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'๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋”ชํ˜€ ๋•…์— ์ƒ๊ธด ํฐ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ '์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
The Moon has so many of these craters, it's described as 'pockmarked' โ€”
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๋‹ฌ์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•„์„œ '๋งˆ๋ชจ ์ž๊ตญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”' ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
03:16
'having a surface that's covered in small marks and scars'.
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' ์ž‘์€ ์ž๊ตญ๊ณผ ํ‰ํ„ฐ๋กœ ๋ฎ์ธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'.
03:19
These craters play an important part in the story.
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์ด ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:23
Because the Moon's surface does not change, finding water there
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๋‹ฌ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋ฉด
03:27
would explain a lot about how water, and therefore life, started on Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์ƒ๋ช…์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
That's why Dr Smethurst calls the Moon mission a 'big deal',
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด Smethurst ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ ํƒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
03:36
meaning 'important or significant'.
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'์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ 'ํฐ ์ผ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
That's right.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
03:40
Astronomers know that comets are full of ice,
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์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ํ˜œ์„ฑ์ด ์–ผ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
03:43
and think comets brought water to Earth when they crashed into it.
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ํ˜œ์„ฑ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์ถฉ๋Œํ•  ๋•Œ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:47
Evidence of those crashes has been erased
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ถฉ๋Œ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š”
03:49
by the constantly moving surfaces on Earth, but not on the Moon.
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๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ง€์›Œ์กŒ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์›Œ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
So, comparing water from the Moon with water on Earth
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋ฌผ ๊ณผ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด
03:57
could provide scientists with vital information,
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜
04:00
as Dr Smethurst explained to BBC Radio 4's Inside Science.
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์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  Smethurst ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” BBC Radio 4์˜ Inside Science์—์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
Yeah, so they'll be looking essentially to see if it has the same characteristics
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
as water here on Earth, and then we can sort of trace that back
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:12
from sort of the crater history as well to working out what actually happened,
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์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ตฌ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€,
04:16
how long has it been there for as well.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด.
04:18
Also, various other minerals that might be there,
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฏธ๋„ค๋ž„,
04:21
these very heavy minerals that we know come from comets and asteroids.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ๋ฏธ๋„ค๋ž„์€ ํ˜œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์†Œํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
Again, that would be this sort of smoking gun to be like, yes, this...
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํก์—ฐ ์ด์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€...
04:27
That's where this water came from
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์ด ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ณณ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ณณ
04:29
and it's likely that Earth's water came from there as well.
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์ด๊ณ  ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์™”์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
Scientists can trace the existence of water on the Moon back
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
04:35
to find out what happened on Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
If you 'trace something back',
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'๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์—ญ์ถ”์ ํ•œ๋‹ค'๋ฉด '
04:39
you 'discover the causes of something by investigating how it developed'.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ „๊ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์›์ธ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ธ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
For this reason, Dr Smethurst says finding water on the Moon
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋กœ Smethurst ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
04:47
would be finding a 'smoking gun',
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04:50
a modern idiom meaning 'indisputable evidence or proof'.
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'๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋Œ€ ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด์ธ '์Šค๋ชจํ‚น ๊ฑด'์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
We've learned a lot about the Moon,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์ง€
04:55
but we still don't know the answer to your question, Neil โ€”
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๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Neil. 1969๋…„ ๊ทธ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ฒซ ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ
04:58
who was the third Apollo astronaut on that famous first landing in 1969?
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์•„ํด๋กœ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
05:03
I said it was Michael Collins.
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๋งˆ์ดํด ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์Šค๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:05
Which was the correct answer!
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์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
05:08
Michael Collins never set foot on the Moon himself,
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๋งˆ์ดํด ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์Šค(Michael Collins)๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์— ์ง์ ‘ ๋ฐœ์„ ๋””๋”˜ ์ ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
05:11
but afterwards said the experience of looking back at Earth
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•„ํด๋กœ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์—์„œ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๋ณธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด
05:15
from the Apollo spacecraft changed his life forever.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์˜์›ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ” ๋†“์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned from our trip to the Moon,
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์ข‹์•„์š”,
05:23
starting with 'inert' โ€” 'not moving or unable to move'.
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'๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑ', ์ฆ‰ '์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ'์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ฌ ์—ฌํ–‰์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
A 'crater' is 'a very large hole in the ground'.
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'๋ถ„ํ™”๊ตฌ'๋Š” '๋•…์— ๋šซ๋ฆฐ ์•„์ฃผ ํฐ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ'์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
'Pockmarked' means 'marked by small holes and scars'.
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Pockmarked๋Š” '์ž‘์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ๊ณผ ํ‰ํ„ฐ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
If you say something is a 'big deal', it's 'important or significant in some way'.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด 'big deal'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด '์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
'To trace something back'
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'๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์—ญ์ถ”์ ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š”
05:42
means 'to discover its causes by examining how it developed'.
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๊ฒƒ์€ ' ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ ์›์ธ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ธ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
05:45
And finally, the idiom 'a smoking gun'
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์Šค๋ชจํ‚น ๊ฑด'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด๋Š”
05:48
refers to 'indisputable evidence or conclusive proof of something'.
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' ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
Once again, our six minutes are up.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, 6๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
Join us next time for more scintillating science and useful vocabulary,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฒˆ์—๋Š”
05:59
here at 6 Minute English. Goodbye for now!
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ 6 Minute English์—์„œ ๋”์šฑ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
06:03
Goodbye!
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์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
06:04
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
06:06
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
06:09
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Sophie.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์†Œํ”ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
And I'm Neil. Sophie, did you see the beautiful sky last night?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”. ์†Œํ”ผ์•ผ, ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ˆ?
06:17
No, I went to bed early. Why?
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์ผ์ฐ ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ?
06:20
I was wondering if there was life out there.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:23
You mean life on other planets? That's just science fiction, Neil.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ SF์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์•ผ, ๋‹.
06:27
It isn't! People are fascinated by life on other planets for a good reason.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์— ๋งค๋ฃŒ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๋งŒํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
You believe in little green men?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ž‘์€ ๋…น์ƒ‰ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๋‚˜์š”?
06:34
Hm, not necessarily, but possibly.
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ํ , ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
Well, Mars is our closest neighbour in the solar system
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์Œ, ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ด์›ƒ์ด์ž
06:40
and the subject of today's show
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‡ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:43
and that brings me on to our usual quiz question.
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”ํžˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
How long is a day on Mars?
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ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
06:48
Is it about a) 5 hours? b) 25 hours? Or c) 45 hours?
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a) 5์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋„์š”? b) 25์‹œ๊ฐ„? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) 45์‹œ๊ฐ„?
06:55
And I think it must be c) 45 hours.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” c) 45์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
Things are weird on other planets.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ด์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
And Mars is further from the Sun than us.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ํƒœ์–‘์—์„œ ๋” ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
Mars may be our closest neighbour, but it's hardly in our backyard, is it?
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ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ด์›ƒ์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์—๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
07:09
It is in astronomical terms, Neil.
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์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ ์ธ ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ๋‹. '
07:12
It's visible to 'the naked eye' โ€” meaning 'without using instruments' โ€”
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๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ '๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ '์œก์•ˆ'์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜
07:16
and it's reachable by spacecraft.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
Well, we'll find out later on in the show whether you got the answer right or not.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ •๋‹ต์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์‡ผ์—์„œ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
Now can you tell me, Neil, why people like you
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์ด์ œ ๋‹, ์™œ ๋‹น์‹  ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ™”์„ฑ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์˜
07:27
get excited about the possibility of life on Mars?
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ์—ด๊ด‘ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
07:30
Well, Mars is similar to the Earth in some important ways,
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์Œ, ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
which means if life developed on our planet, why not Mars?
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์ฆ‰, ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ์™œ ์•ˆ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
07:38
That's true. Its temperature is in the right zone โ€” not too hot and not too cold.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋‹ค. ์˜จ๋„๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฅ์ง€๋„ ์ถฅ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์€ ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์˜จ๋„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
Mm.
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Mm.
07:44
But actually, we could find Mars pretty cold.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ๊ฝค ์ถ”์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
An average temperature would be around minus 63 degrees Celsius,
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ํ‰๊ท  ๊ธฐ์˜จ์€ ์„ญ์”จ ์˜ํ•˜ 63๋„ ์ •๋„์ธ๋ฐ
07:52
compared to Earth's 14 degrees Celsius.
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๋น„ํ•ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ๊ธฐ์˜จ์€ ์„ญ์”จ 14๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
It's also very 'arid' โ€” or 'dry'.
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ '๊ฑด์กฐ'ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ '๊ฑด์กฐ'ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
And it needs to be wet for life to develop, doesn't it?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ –์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
08:02
That's right. Many scientists think that liquid water is essential for life!
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์•ก์ฒด ๋ฌผ์ด ์ƒ๋ช…์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
08:07
But there may have been water on the surface of Mars in the past
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
08:11
and recent research suggests that there may be water underground.
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์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ง€ํ•˜์— ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Open University์—์„œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” John Zarnecki ๊ต์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
08:15
Let's hear some more about this from Professor John Zarnecki,
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:19
who teaches Space Science at The Open University.
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.
08:23
We are now seeing that in fact Mars probably does have water โ€”
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์•ก์ฒด ๋ฌผ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
not liquid water โ€” there is ice just below the surface
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์–ผ์Œ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
08:31
and there's even, just recently, tantalising evidence
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š”
08:34
that perhaps water does flow periodically.
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๋ฌผ์ด ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ์งˆ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
Now, and also coupled with the fact that here on Earth,
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ
08:40
we're finding that life in very primitive form
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์›์‹œ์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€
08:43
exists in the most extreme environments,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทนํ•œ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
08:46
these are the so-called extremophiles that exist at the bottom of the ocean.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค ๋ฐ‘๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฅธ๋ฐ” ๊ทนํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
So life is much, much tougher.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ธ์ƒ์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํž˜๋“ค์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
What does 'tantalising' mean, Sophie?
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'๊ฐ์งˆ๋‚œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์—์š”, ์†Œํ”ผ?
08:55
It means 'something you want that's almost, but not quite, within reach'.
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'๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ , ๊ฑฐ์˜, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ผญ ๋‹ฟ์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
So, scientists would love to think water flows on Mars,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๋ฌผ์ด ํ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
09:03
but the evidence isn't strong enough for this to be certain.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ๋งŒํผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๋Š”
09:07
The other interesting point the professor makes
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€
09:10
is that life may exist in the very harsh Martian environment,
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09:14
because primitive life exists in extreme places on Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ๊ทนํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ์›์‹œ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•œ ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—๋„ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด๋‹ค.
09:19
'Extremophiles' are 'organisms' โ€” or 'small creatures' โ€”
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'๊ทนํ•œ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ'์€
09:22
that live in very extreme environments
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์‚ด๊ณ 
09:24
and can survive conditions that would kill most other organisms.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” '์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด' ๋˜๋Š” '์ž‘์€ ์ƒ๋ฌผ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
But on Mars, they would be living underground
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ™”์„ฑ์—์„œ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”
09:31
because the 'radiation', or light and heat,
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'๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ', ์ฆ‰ ๋น›๊ณผ ์—ด์ด
09:34
from the Sun would kill any organisms living on the surface of the planet.
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ํ–‰์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€ํ•˜์— ์‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
So why doesn't the Sun's radiation kill us then, Sophie?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์™œ ํƒœ์–‘ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š” , ์†Œํ”ผ?
09:42
The Earth has a strong magnetic field created by its hot molten 'core' โ€”
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋œจ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๋…น์€ 'ํ•ต'(
09:47
or 'centre' โ€” and this protects us from the Sun's harmful solar winds.
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๋˜๋Š” '์ค‘์‹ฌ')์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ์œ ํ•ดํ•œ ํƒœ์–‘ํ’์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
And what about Mars? Why doesn't it have a magnetic field?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์™œ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์ด ์—†๋‚˜์š”?
09:56
It used to โ€” four billion years ago.
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40์–ต๋…„ ์ „์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
It's possible that a massive collision with an asteroid
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์†Œํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ถฉ๋Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
10:02
might have heated up Mars's core, disrupting the magnetic fields.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ํ•ต์ด ๊ฐ€์—ด๋˜์–ด ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์ด ๊ต๋ž€๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
And if you 'disrupt' a process, you 'stop it from continuing normally'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ '์ค‘๋‹จ'ํ•˜๋ฉด '์ •์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ค‘์ง€'ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
Now, to return to the subject of collisions,
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์ด์ œ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
10:13
Sophie, I have something very interesting to tell you.
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Sophie๋‹˜, ์•„์ฃผ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋ง์”€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
Yes?
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์˜ˆ?
10:18
A 'meteorite' โ€” or 'a piece of rock from outer space' โ€”
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'์šด์„' ๋˜๋Š” ' ์™ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์˜จ ์•”์„ ์กฐ๊ฐ'์ด
10:21
might've crashed into the Earth millions of years ago.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋…„ ์ „์— ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์ถฉ๋Œํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:25
That meteorite might have contained Martian life forms,
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๊ทธ ์šด์„์—๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:32
so we might be descended from... Martians!
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ํ›„์†์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
10:37
That's actually an interesting idea, Neil,
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๊ตฐ์š”, Neil.
10:40
but let's listen to Professor John Zarnecki
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ John Zarnecki ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
10:42
talking about interplanetary life.
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ํ–‰์„ฑ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:46
If we do find traces of life on Mars we don't know, do we,
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ํ™”์„ฑ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋ช…์˜ ํ”์ ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
10:51
whether it evolved independently or was it perhaps seeded from Earth.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ™”ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์”จ์•—์„ ๋ฟŒ๋ ธ๋Š”์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
It is possible that life forms from Earth travelled to Mars
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์˜จ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ™”์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ
10:58
and perhaps existed there, or the other way round.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์กด์žฌํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
So life on Mars may have 'evolved' โ€” or 'developed' โ€” on its own.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ '์ง„ํ™”'ํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ '๋ฐœ์ „'ํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
Or it might have arrived from Earth in a lump of rock, or the other way round!
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐ”์œ„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
11:10
So Martians might be humans or we might be Martians!
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ™”์„ฑ์ธ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”์„ฑ์ธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
11:14
One big interplanetary happy family, Sophie!
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ํ–‰์„ฑ ๊ฐ„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ, ์†Œํ”ผ!
11:17
Well, Neil, let's hope you stay happy
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์Œ, Neil,
11:19
after you hear the answer to today's quiz question.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๋“ค์€ ํ›„์—๋„ ๊ณ„์† ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
I asked how long is a day on Mars?
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ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
11:25
Is it a) 5 hours? B) 25 hours? Or c) 45 hours?
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a) 5์‹œ๊ฐ„์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? B) 25์‹œ๊ฐ„? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) 45์‹œ๊ฐ„?
11:31
And I said c) 45 hours โ€” they must have a long day over there.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” c) 45์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ธด ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:35
And you were wrong!
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ‹€๋ ธ์–ด์š”!
11:37
The correct answer is b)
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์ •๋‹ต์€ b)
11:39
because a day on Mars is slightly longer than here on Earth โ€” it's 25 hours.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ธธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 25์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
Anyway, can we at least hear the words we learned today?
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๊ทธ๋‚˜์ €๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ผ๋„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š” ?
11:48
They are... the naked eye.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€... ์œก์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
Arid.
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๊ฑด์กฐํ•œ.
11:52
Tantalising.
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๊ฐ์งˆ๋‚œ๋‹ค.
11:53
Extremophiles.
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๊ทนํ•œ์„ฑ์• ์ž.
11:55
Organisms.
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์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด.
11:56
Radiation.
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๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ.
11:57
Core.
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ํ•ต์‹ฌ.
11:58
Disrupt.
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๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋‹ค.
12:00
Meteorite.
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์šด์„.
12:01
Evolved.
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์ง„ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English. Join us again soon!
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์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
12:06
โ€” Bye-bye. โ€” Goodbye.
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- ์•ˆ๋…•. - ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
12:08
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
12:10
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
12:13
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Rob.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ด์—์š”.
12:16
And I'm Neil. Hello.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”. ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:18
Hello, Neil, and what a glorious sunny day it is today.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, Neil. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ •๋ง ํ™”์ฐฝํ•œ ๋‚  ์ด๋„ค์š”.
12:20
Not a cloud in the sky! Spring is definitely here!
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์—” ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ด ์—†์–ด์š”! ๋ด„์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์™”์–ด์š”!
12:24
Now, Neil, you're a bit of a sun worshipper, aren't you?
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์ž, Neil, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํƒœ์–‘์„ ์ˆญ๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ตฐ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
12:27
You like sunbathing.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ผ๊ด‘์š•์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
I do indeed!
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์ •๋ง ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
12:30
I love sitting in my deckchair in my garden, catching some rays.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ •์›์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ‘ํŒ ์˜์ž์— ์•‰์•„ ํ–‡๋น›์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
Hmm, yes, you look a bit orange, actually. Are you sure that tan's not fake?
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ํ , ๋„ค, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ฃผํ™ฉ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋„ค์š”. ํƒœ๋‹์ด ๊ฐ€์งœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
12:38
Very cheeky, Rob, very cheeky.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋ป”๋ป”ํ•ด์š”, ๋กญ, ์•„์ฃผ ๋ป”๋ป”ํ•ด์š”.
12:40
Now, the reason I mentioned sunbathing
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๊ด‘์š•์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ
12:42
is because we're discussing the Sun in this programme.
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ํƒœ์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:44
Yes, that's right.
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๋„ค, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
The Sun is our nearest star, although it's a staggering 150 million kilometres away.
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ํƒœ์–‘์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ณ„์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฌด๋ ค 1์–ต 5์ฒœ๋งŒ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋‚˜ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
Earth is one of nine planets that 'orbit' โ€”
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” '๊ถค๋„'
12:56
or 'circle around' โ€” the Sun
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๋˜๋Š” '์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”' 9๊ฐœ์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘
12:58
and life on Earth couldn't exist without its warmth and light.
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๊ณผ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋Š” ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•จ๊ณผ ๋น› ์—†์ด๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
And we should mention, the Sun is absolutely massive.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์ด ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:07
Its volume is so large, you could fit a million Earths inside it.
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๊ทธ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ปค์„œ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ์ง€๊ตฌ 100๋งŒ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
That's amazing! It's also incredibly hot.
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์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๋˜ํ•œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฅ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
Hotter than anything you could imagine.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋œจ๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
So, Neil, can you answer this question?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๋‹, ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
13:22
How hot is the surface of the Sun?
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ํƒœ์–‘ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋œจ๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:25
Now, I'll help you out by telling you that the Sun's 'core' โ€” that's 'the centre' โ€”
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์ด์ œ ํƒœ์–‘์˜ 'ํ•ต์‹ฌ', ์ฆ‰ '์ค‘์‹ฌ'์ด
13:30
is a blistering five million degrees Celsius.
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์„ญ์”จ 500๋งŒ ๋„๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
But how hot is the Sun's surface?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํƒœ์–‘ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šธ๊นŒ์š”?
13:36
Is it a) 1.5 billion degrees Celsius?
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a) ์„ญ์”จ 15์–ต๋„์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
13:40
b) 1.5 million degrees Celsius?
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b) ์„ญ์”จ 150๋งŒ๋„?
13:43
Or c) 5,500 degrees Celsius?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์„ญ์”จ 5,500๋„?
13:47
Hmm, I have no idea.
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ํ , ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
13:49
They all sound quite warm to me,
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ฝค ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ
13:52
but I think it must be a bit cooler than the core,
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์ฝ”์–ด๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ์‹œ์›ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ
13:55
so I'm going to go for 1.5 million degrees.
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150๋งŒ๋„ ์ •๋„ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
OK. Well, we'll find out if you're right or wrong later on.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฅธ์ง€๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
But now let's listen to Professor of Solar Physics Louise Harra
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ
14:08
to discover what the Sun is made of.
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ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํƒœ์–‘๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ธ Louise Harra์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
It's just a big ball of gas.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ํฐ ๊ฐ€์Šค โ€‹โ€‹๊ณต์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
And we measure it, it's made mostly of hydrogen.
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์ธก์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ˆ˜์†Œ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:18
So it's roughly 90% hydrogen, it's maybe 8% helium,
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๋Œ€๋žต 90%๋Š” ์ˆ˜์†Œ์ด๊ณ  8%๋Š” ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์ด๊ณ 
14:21
and the rest of it's made up of things like iron, carbon, oxygen, nickel.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” ์ฒ , ํƒ„์†Œ, ์‚ฐ์†Œ, ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
So the main gas is hydrogen, which accounts for 90% of the Sun's matter.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฐ€์Šค๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ 90%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
Now, 'matter' means 'what something is made of'.
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์ด์ œ '๋ฌผ์งˆ'์€ '์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
And hydrogen creates all the Sun's 'energy'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์†Œ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  '์—๋„ˆ์ง€'๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:41
Heat and light energy is created all the time in the Sun's core
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์—ด๊ณผ ๋น› ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐ€์Šค ํญ๋ฐœ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•ต๋ฐ˜์‘์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์—์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:45
as a result of gas explosions or nuclear reactions.
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.
14:49
And this bit is hard to believe โ€” it takes a hundred thousand years
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:54
for this light energy to travel from the Sun's core to the Sun's surface.
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์ด ๋น› ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ํ•ต์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‹ญ๋งŒ ๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
But once it reaches the Sun's surface โ€” the 'photosphere' โ€” it can escape.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋‹จ ํƒœ์–‘ ํ‘œ๋ฉด( '๊ด‘๊ตฌ')์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ฉด ํƒˆ์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
In fact, it takes only eight minutes
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
15:07
for light energy from the Sun to reach the Earth.
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ํƒœ์–‘์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋น› ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š” 8๋ถ„๋ฐ–์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:10
Scientists these days are able to see the photosphere in fantastic detail,
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์š”์ฆ˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
15:15
using powerful telescopes.
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ด‘๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
Though Galileo observed dark spots on the Sun through his telescope
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๊ฐˆ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์˜ค๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ์–ด๋‘์šด ์ ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
15:21
several hundred years ago, didn't he?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:23
Which brings us on to another question โ€” how old is the Sun?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ๋‚˜์ด๋Š” ๋ช‡ ์‚ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:27
Well, I happen to know that it came into being
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
15:30
around four and a half billion years ago.
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์•ฝ 45์–ต๋…„ ์ „์— ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Neil
15:33
Did you study solar physics at university, Neil?
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, ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
15:36
No, just, you know, just general knowledge.
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ง€์‹์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
Well, the Sun 'came into being' โ€” or 'was created' โ€” a very long time ago!
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ํƒœ์–‘์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „์— '์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค' โ€” ์ฆ‰ '์ฐฝ์กฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'!
15:43
We're going to hear now from Professor of Physics, Yvonne Ellsworth.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ธ Yvonne Ellsworth์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘์ด
15:47
What does she say about how long the Sun is going to stay the same?
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
15:52
In terms of its current lifestyle, it's here for as long again,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ผ์ดํ”„์Šคํƒ€์ผ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ, ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
15:57
so we're about half way through.
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์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ •๋„ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:59
And then it becomes a different sort of star โ€”
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ณ„์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:01
it becomes a giant star and that's probably curtains for us, actually.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ„์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ปคํŠผ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:05
It'll get a bit warm, a bit toasty,
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋”์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ›ˆํ›ˆํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
16:07
and we'll get enveloped in the Sun, and it won't be nice.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์— ํœฉ์‹ธ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
So the Sun is going to stay the same for another four and a half billion years,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํƒœ์–‘์€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ 45์–ต๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
16:17
but the professor also says that the Sun will change.
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๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๋„ ๋ณ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:21
When it becomes a giant star, it will be curtains for our planet โ€”
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ„์ด ๋˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ์ปคํŠผ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:26
and โ€˜curtains' means 'the end', I'm afraid!
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์ปคํŠผ'์€ '๋'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:29
Yes, it does.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
And as a giant star, the Sun will get hotter โ€” it will make the Earth toasty.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ„๋กœ์„œ, ํƒœ์–‘์€ ์ ์  ๋” ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ›ˆํ›ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:35
Now, 'toasty' usually means 'hot in a nice way'.
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์ด์ œ 'toasty'๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ '์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋œจ๊ฒ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:38
That's right โ€” for example, my toes are warm and toasty in my new slippers.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ƒˆ ์Šฌ๋ฆฌํผ๋ฅผ ์‹ ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฝ์ด ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
But in reality, the giant Sun will make the Earth unbearably hot.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ์–‘์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋œจ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
It will surround โ€” or 'envelop' โ€” our planet and burn it up.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ 'ํฌ์œ„'ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถˆํƒœ์›Œ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:54
Well, I'm glad we're not going to be around when that happens.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ ๋‹คํ–‰์ด์—์š”.
16:58
Now, remember, at the beginning of the show,
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์ž, ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” , ์‡ผ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ๋•Œ
17:00
I asked you how hot the Sun's surface is?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ํƒœ์–‘ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:04
Is it a) 1.5 billion? b) 1.5 million?
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a) 15์–ต์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? b) 150๋งŒ?
17:09
Or c) 5,500 degrees Celsius?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์„ญ์”จ 5,500๋„?
17:12
And I said 1.5 million.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  150๋งŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
17:14
Oh, that's way too hot! I'm afraid you're wrong.
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์•„, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋”์›Œ์š”! ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
17:17
The answer is actually 5,500 degrees Celsius.
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๋‹ต์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์„ญ์”จ 5,500๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:21
But still, if you're planning on visiting the Sun,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ํƒœ์–‘์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
17:24
remember to take your sunglasses and plenty of sunscreen!
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์„ ๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค ์™€ ์ž์™ธ์„  ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ฑ™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”!
17:28
Now, before we go, it's time to remind ourselves
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์ด์ œ, ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์€ ์–ดํœ˜ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ค ๋ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:31
of some of the vocabulary that we've heard today. Neil?
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. ๋‹?
17:35
Orbit.
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๊ถค๋„.
17:38
Massive.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ.
17:40
Core.
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ํ•ต์‹ฌ.
17:43
Energy.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€.
17:46
Matter.
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๋ฌธ์ œ.
17:48
Photosphere.
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๊ด‘๊ตฌ.
17:51
Come into being.
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์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‹ค.
17:54
Curtains for something.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ปคํŠผ.
17:58
Toasty.
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ํ† ์ŠคํŠธ. ์‹ธ๋‹ค
18:00
Envelop.
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.
18:02
Thanks.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ด์š”.
18:03
Well, that brings us to the end of today's 6 Minute English.
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์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:07
We hope you enjoyed today's programme. Please join us again soon.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์› ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
18:10
โ€” Bye-bye. โ€” Bye.
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- ์•ˆ๋…•. - ์•ˆ๋…•.
18:12
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
18:14
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
18:17
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
18:21
And I'm Sam.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ด์—์š”.
18:22
In this programme, we'll be discussing our closest neighbour in the solar system โ€”
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ด์›ƒ์ธ
18:27
the planet Mars.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:28
Often called the โ€˜Red Planet', Mars has been in the news a lot recently
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์ข…์ข… '๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์€ 2021๋…„์— ํ™”์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ํƒํ—˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋‰ด์Šค์— ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:33
with three separate missions being sent to explore the planet's surface in 2021.
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18:39
Our fascination with the Red Planet
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๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งค๋ ฅ์€ ์ˆ˜๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ
18:41
has given birth to some interesting art over the years.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์„ ํƒ„์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:44
This includes music, such as David Bowie's 1973 hit, Life on Mars?,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” David Bowie์˜ 1973๋…„ ํžˆํŠธ์ž‘ Life on Mars?์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์Œ์•…
18:50
and countless films, from 1938's Mars Attacks!
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๊ณผ 1938๋…„ Mars Attacks์˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
18:53
to the 2015 blockbuster, The Martian.
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2015๋…„ ๋ธ”๋ก๋ฒ„์Šคํ„ฐ '๋งˆ์…˜(The Martian)'์œผ๋กœ
18:57
But human interest in Mars goes back much earlier.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ด์ „์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
Ancient civilisations, like the Maya of central America
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์ค‘์•™ ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ๋งˆ์•ผ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋ฌธ๋ช…์€
19:04
observed the planet's colour and recorded its movements,
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19:07
just like modern 'astronomers' โ€”
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ํ˜„๋Œ€์˜ '์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž', ์ฆ‰ '
19:09
'scientists who study the universe and the stars, planets and suns within it'.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์™€ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์˜ ๋ณ„, ํ–‰์„ฑ ๋ฐ ํƒœ์–‘์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ์ƒ‰์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:14
Yet despite this, many questions remain unanswered.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ต์ด ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ–‰์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—
19:18
What caused the marks and scars on the planet's surface?
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์ž๊ตญ๊ณผ ํ‰ํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธด ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
19:21
And the biggest question of all โ€” is there life on Mars?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:25
But before we go on, I have another question which needs answering, Sam.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋‹ต๋ณ€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ƒ˜.
19:30
The ancient Romans were also interested in Mars.
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋กœ๋งˆ์ธ๋“ค ๋„ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:32
They even considered the planet to be a god โ€” but god of what?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์˜ ์‹ ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
19:37
Was Mars the Roman god of a) love? b) fire? Or c) war?
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ํ™”์„ฑ์€ a) ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์˜ ๋กœ๋งˆ ์‹ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? b) ํ™”์žฌ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์ „์Ÿ?
19:43
Well, Mars is the โ€˜Red Planet',
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์Œ, ํ™”์„ฑ์€ '๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ'
19:46
so I guess the answer is b) the Roman god of fire.
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์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ b) ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ๋ถˆ์˜ ์‹ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:51
OK, Sam. We'll find out the answer at the end of the programme.
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์ƒ˜. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:56
Whatever the Romans thought, civilisations throughout history
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๋กœ๋งˆ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋“ , ์—ญ์‚ฌ ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋ฌธ๋ช…์€
19:59
have described looking into the night sky and seeing a bright, red light.
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๋ฐคํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ฐ๊ณ  ๋ถ‰์€ ๋น›์„ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:05
But where does Mars' characteristic colour come from?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ํŠน์ง•์ ์ธ ์ƒ‰๊น”์€ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
20:09
Someone who can answer that is Dr Michael Meyer.
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์ด์— ๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ Michael Meyer ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:12
As lead scientist on NASA's Mars Exploration Programme,
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NASA์˜ ํ™”์„ฑ ํƒ์‚ฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ˆ˜์„ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋กœ์„œ
20:16
he spent years observing and recording the Red Planet.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋…„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:20
Listen to Dr Meyer in conversation with BBC World Service programme The Forum.
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ The Forum์—์„œ Meyer ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
20:26
Try to hear the explanation he gives for Mars's unusual colour.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์ƒ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
20:32
One of the distinctive things about Mars is that it's red,
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ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ํŠน์ง• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์ด๊ธฐ
20:35
so you can see it and identify it.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:37
It looks red because of 'rust' โ€” 'iron oxide on the surface',
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๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ '๋…น' ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์‚ฐํ™”์ฒ '
20:42
which is red and, interestingly that look can change.
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์€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰ ์ด๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ ๋ชจ์–‘์€ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:47
And we saw that in 2018 when there was a global dust storm.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 2018๋…„์— ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋จผ์ง€ํญํ’์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:52
Mars, instead of looking red looked a little orange,
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ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ฃผํ™ฉ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ ,
20:56
and that changing of colour might have made the civilisations watching Mars
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๊ทธ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ™”์„ฑ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ช…์€
21:04
maybe uneasy to see something immutable in our night sky changing colours.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ฐคํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„œ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์ด ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:12
Dr Meyer calls Mars's red colour 'distinctive' โ€”
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๋ฉ”์ด์–ด ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ๋ถ‰์€ ์ƒ‰์„ 'ํŠน์ดํ•˜๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:16
'easy to recognise, because it's different from everything else'.
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'๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค '.
21:19
But did you hear why it's red in the first place, Sam?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์• ์ดˆ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์ธ์ง€ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‚˜์š” , ์ƒ˜?
21:23
Yes. It's red because of rust โ€” a reddish chemical substance called iron oxide
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์˜ˆ. ๋…น ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…น์€
21:30
that occurs when metals react with water and air.
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๊ธˆ์†์ด ๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฐํ™”์ฒ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ‰์€ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:34
The colour of this rust can change slightly, from red to brown to orange,
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์ด ๋…น์˜ ์ƒ‰์€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์—์„œ ๊ฐˆ์ƒ‰, ์ฃผํ™ฉ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
21:39
and Dr Meyer thinks these changing colours may have worried ancient astronomers,
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๋ฉ”์ด์–ด ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ด
21:43
who believed Mars was 'immutable', or 'never changing'.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์ด '๋ถˆ๋ณ€' ๋˜๋Š” '๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:47
Unlike ancient civilisations, modern astronomers have sent satellites
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋ฌธ๋ช…๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
21:51
to land on Mars and explore its surface.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์œ„์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•ด ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ํƒ์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:54
And although no human has set foot on the Red Planet so far,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ฐœ์„ ๋””๋”˜ ์ ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
21:59
we know a lot about conditions there.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ณณ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:02
So, in the words of David Bowie, is there life on Mars?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฐ์ด๋น— ๋ณด์œ„์˜ ๋ง์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
22:05
Well, that all depends on finding water.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:08
Water is life, and as Dr Meyer told BBC World Service's The Forum
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๋ฌผ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Meyer ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ BBC World Service์˜ The Forum์—์„œ
22:14
with water, anything is possible.
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๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:18
And from all that we have learned from astrobiology,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ
22:21
life is amazingly adaptable, but it still needs water.
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์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋Š” ๋†€๋ž๋„๋ก ์ ์‘๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:26
So that's why water is the key.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌผ์ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:28
So, finding liquid water on Mars, whether or not it's now,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ™”์„ฑ์—์„œ ์•ก์ฒด ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์ด๋“ 
22:32
or whether or not it's in the past,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ด๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด
22:35
tells you that you potentially have a habitable environment,
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ,
22:39
some place that could support life and perhaps even Martian life.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ง€ํƒฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:44
Dr Meyer says that life is amazingly 'adaptable' โ€”
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๋ฉ”์ด์–ด ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ƒ๋ช…์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ •๋„๋กœ '์ ์‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ'ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
22:47
'able to change in order to survive in new situations'.
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' ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ƒ์กดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'.
22:51
Finding liquid water could make the Red Planet 'habitable' โ€”
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์•ก์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ์˜ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ '๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ'ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
22:56
'good enough to live on'.
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'์‚ด์•„๊ฐˆ ๋งŒํผ ์ข‹์€' ๊ณณ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:58
And with billionaire businessmen like Elon Musk planning manned missions to space,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Elon Musk์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–ต๋งŒ์žฅ์ž ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ๋กœ์˜ ์œ ์ธ ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”์„ฑ์—์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€
23:03
who knows how long it could be before we see a human on Mars?
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด์ง€ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
23:07
And who knows what they'd find there! Tiny worms?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ์ง€ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒ ๋Š”๊ฐ€! ์ž‘์€ ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ?
23:10
Little green men? Or maybe a Roman god?
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์ž‘์€ ๋…น์ƒ‰ ๋‚จ์ž? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ์‹ ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
23:13
Ah, yes, in your quiz question you asked what Mars was the Roman god of?
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์•„, ๋„ค, ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ํ™”์„ฑ์ด ๋กœ๋งˆ ์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์œผ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
23:19
And I guessed b) the Roman god of fire.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” b) ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ๋ถˆ์˜ ์‹ ์„ ์ถ”์ธกํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:21
Which was the wrong answer, I'm afraid.
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์œ ๊ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:25
In fact, the Romans considered Mars their god of war,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋กœ๋งˆ์ธ๋“ค์€ ํ™”์„ฑ์„ ์ „์Ÿ์˜ ์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒผ๊ณ  ๋Š‘๋Œ€, ๊ณฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋”ฑ๋”ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ์™€
23:28
and sacrificed wild animals to him such as wolves, bears and, strangely, woodpeckers!
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๊ฐ™์€ ์•ผ์ƒ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค !
23:34
Ah.
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์•„.
23:36
OK, Neil, let's recap the vocabulary from this programme on the Red Planet, Mars,
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์ข‹์•„์š”, Neil,
23:41
starting with 'astronomer' โ€”
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'์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž', ์ฆ‰
23:43
'someone who studies the stars, planets and moons in our universe'.
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' ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ณ„, ํ–‰์„ฑ, ๋‹ฌ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:48
If something is 'distinctive',
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด 'ํŠน์ดํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฉด
23:49
it's 'easily recognisable, because it's different from everything else'.
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'๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค '๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:53
'Rust', or iron oxide, is 'a red coloured chemical'
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'๋…น' ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฐํ™”์ฒ ์€ ๊ธˆ์†์ด ๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” '๋ถ‰์€ ์ƒ‰์˜ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:57
'that occurs when metals react with water and air.
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.
24:01
'Immutable' means 'never changing'.
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๋ถˆ๋ณ€(Immutable)'์€ '๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
24:04
Something which is 'adaptable' 'can easily change to deal with new circumstances'.
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'์ ์‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ' ๊ฒƒ์€ ' ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'.
24:08
And finally, 'habitable' means 'good enough to live in'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 'habitable'์€ '์‚ด๊ธฐ์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
24:12
That's all we have time for.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:14
โ€” Bye for now. โ€” Goodbye.
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โ€” ์ผ๋‹จ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•. - ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
24:16
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
24:18
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
24:21
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Rob.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ด์—์š”.
24:24
And I'm Alice. Hello.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
24:25
Hi there, Alice! Now, have you read any books by Jules Verne?
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์•ˆ๋…•, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค! ์ž, Jules Verne์˜ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
24:29
Yes, I have.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:31
Journey To The Centre Of The Earth was my favourite book as a child!
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Journey To The Center Of The Earth๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ฑ…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
24:34
A German Professor and his two companions
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๋…์ผ์ธ ๊ต์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋‘ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋Š”
24:37
climb down a volcano in search of the Earth's 'centre' โ€” or 'core'.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ '์ค‘์‹ฌ', ์ฆ‰ 'ํ•ต์‹ฌ'์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™”์‚ฐ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:42
They visit strange lands inhabited by dinosaurs and giant prehistoric humans,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต๋ฃก๊ณผ ์„ ์‚ฌ์‹œ๋Œ€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๋‚ฏ์„  ๋•…์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ 
24:47
and sail across an underground ocean.
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์ง€ํ•˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ ํ•ญํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:49
Hmm. Very exciting but it doesn't sound very realistic. How do they get out again?
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ํ . ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋‚˜์š”?
24:55
Well, they shoot to the surface
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ™”์‚ฐ ํญ๋ฐœ ์ค‘์— ์—ํŠธ๋‚˜ ์‚ฐ ์ž…๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์˜์•„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:57
from the mouth of Mount Etna during a volcanic eruption.
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.
25:00
Wow! That sounds very uncomfortable.
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์šฐ์™€! ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:02
Well, on today's show,
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‡ผ์—์„œ
25:04
we're going to discuss what scientists really know about the Earth's core.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:08
Yes. The Earth has a dense inner core surrounded by a fluid outer core.
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์˜ˆ. ์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ์•ก์ฒด ์™ธํ•ต์œผ๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ธ ์กฐ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๋‚ดํ•ต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
25:14
'Dense', by the way, means 'heavy in relation to its size'.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ '๋ฐ€๋„'๋Š” 'ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ฌด๊ฒ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:18
But, Rob, I've got a question for you, as usual.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Rob, ํ‰์†Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
25:22
How big do you think the inner core is?
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๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ฝ”์–ด๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
25:25
Is it the size of a) the Moon?
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a) ๋‹ฌ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ธ๊ฐ€?
25:29
b) Jupiter? Or c) Mars?
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b) ๋ชฉ์„ฑ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ํ™”์„ฑ?
25:34
Right, well, I haven't a clue, to be honest,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ
25:37
so I'm going to take a guess and say c) Mars.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ถ”์ธก ํ•ด์„œ c) ํ™”์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:40
Well, we'll find out later on in the show if you're right,
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์‡ผ์—์„œ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
25:44
but before we get there, let's find out a bit more about what the Earth is made of.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€ ์ข€ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
25:50
Well, the Earth has layers, a bit like an onion.
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์Œ, ์ง€๊ตฌ์—๋Š” ์–‘ํŒŒ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ธต์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:53
I like your technical language, Rob!
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”, Rob!
25:54
Well, I'm trying to keep things simple for you, Alice!
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค , ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค!
25:56
Thanks.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ด์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์€
25:57
It has a thin outer layer or crust, where we live,
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์–‡์€ ์™ธ์ธต ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
26:01
and this includes our continents and the ocean floors.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฅ™ ๊ณผ ํ•ด์ €๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:05
Then beneath that, there's another layer called the 'mantle'
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๊ทธ ์•„๋ž˜์—๋Š” '๋งจํ‹€'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ธต์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
26:08
and beneath that, is the Earth's core โ€” over 6,000km below the surface.
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๊ทธ ์•„๋ž˜์—๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ 6,000km ์ด์ƒ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:13
Right, but what's the Earth made of, Rob?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ญ˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋‚˜์š”, ๋กญ?
26:16
Hm, it's a good question and it depends on which layer you're talking about.
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ํ , ์ข‹์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๊ณ  ์–ด๋Š ๊ณ„์ธต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:20
The crust and mantle are rock and contain a lot of 'silicate' โ€”
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์ง€๊ฐ๊ณผ ๋งจํ‹€์€ ์•”์„ ์ด๋ฉฐ '๊ทœ์‚ฐ์—ผ'์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•จ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:25
which is 'the same stuff that glass is made of'.
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์ด๋Š” ' ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:28
But the outer and inner parts of the core mainly consist of iron.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฝ”์–ด์˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€์™€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ฒ ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:32
And the core is very hot. Am I right?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋œจ๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งž๋‚˜์š”?
26:35
You are indeed.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:36
The professor and his companions wouldn't have survived very long down there!
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๊ทธ ๊ต์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
26:40
The outer core is a swirling mass of 'molten' โ€” or 'liquid' โ€” metal
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์™ธํ•ต์€ ์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด์น˜๋Š” '์šฉํ•ด' ๋˜๋Š” '์•ก์ฒด' ๊ธˆ์† ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ์ด๋ฉฐ
26:44
and it's as hot as the surface of the Sun!
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ํƒœ์–‘ ํ‘œ๋ฉด๋งŒํผ ๋œจ๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
26:47
Wow! That must be so hot! Right.
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์šฐ์™€! ์ •๋ง ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”! ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ.
26:50
Let's listen now to Simon Redfern talking about the inner core
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์ด์ œ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ฝ”์–ด
26:54
and what's happening in there.
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์™€ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•ด Simon Redfern์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:57
And so, over time, the planet has started to cool.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‹๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:01
And as it cools, eventually, at the centre of the Earth, the highest pressure point,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์••๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์—์„œ
27:07
we pass over the crystallisation temperature โ€”
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๊ฒฐ์ •ํ™” ์˜จ๋„, ์ฆ‰
27:10
the freezing temperature of iron โ€”
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์ฒ ์˜ ์–ด๋Š” ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ 
27:12
and iron starts to freeze at the centre of the Earth
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์ฒ ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์—์„œ ์–ผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
27:14
and you get a crystal of iron, right in the middle that starts to grow.
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์ฒ  ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. , ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์ž๋ผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:20
I'm a bit worried that the Earth is freezing in the middle!
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์ง€๊ตฌ ํ•œ๋ณตํŒ์ด ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™์„๊นŒ๋ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋˜๋„ค์š”!
27:23
Don't worry, Alice!
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค!
27:24
In this case, because of the incredibly high pressure in the core,
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฝ”์–ด์˜ ์••๋ ฅ์ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
27:28
the freezing point of iron is actually about 6,000 degrees!
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์ฒ ์˜ ์–ด๋Š”์ ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•ฝ 6,000๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
27:32
Oh, right!
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์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ !
27:33
And the iron has been cooling down and crystallising for a billion years
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฒ ์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
27:37
and at a rate of just half a millimetre every year.
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๋งค๋…„ 0.5mm์˜ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ๋˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ™”๋˜์–ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:40
Ah, well, yes, that sounds like slow progress.
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์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”. ์ง„ํ–‰ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
27:43
Certainly.
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ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์ด.
27:44
Now moving on, we should also talk about the fact
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์ด์ œ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•ก์ฒด ์ฒ  ์™ธํ•ต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:47
that it's the liquid iron outer core that generates magnetic fields โ€”
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.
27:52
and it's thanks to these magnetic fields that life on Earth is possible.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ ๋•๋ถ„์— ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:56
โ€” Right. โ€” Let's hear more about this.
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- ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ. โ€” ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:59
Well, the magnetic field is very important
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ 
28:02
because it protects us against cosmic radiation, so that's one really...
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์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ...
28:05
How does it do that?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
28:07
It just creates a shield,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ฐฉํŒจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ํƒœ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”
28:08
which will just deflect the cosmic rays from the Sun
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์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ด‘์„ ์„ ํŽธํ–ฅ์‹œ์ผœ
28:12
to actually reach us at the surface, so it protects us.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:15
So it goes up there and there's a...
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋ฉด...
28:16
Yeah, so you would see that the radiation kind of goes right into the Earth
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๋„ค, ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ 
28:21
and not actually, actually reach us.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:25
So there's a magnetic field round the Earth
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„์—๋Š”
28:28
that protects us from the Sun's cosmic rays.
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ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:31
I'd like a magnetic field round me.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ฃผ์œ„์— ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:34
It could be my superpower โ€” like in X-Men!
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์—‘์Šค๋งจ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‚˜์˜ ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”!
28:36
Oh, dear, calm down, Magneto.
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์•„, ์ง„์ •ํ•ด, ๋งค๊ทธ๋‹ˆํ† .
28:39
Now the 'magnetosphere'
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์ด์ œ '์ž๊ธฐ๊ถŒ'์€
28:40
is 'the area around the Earth in which the Earth's magnetic field is felt'.
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'์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์ด ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์ง€์—ญ '์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:45
It protects us from the Sun's radiation and the flow of particles,
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์ด๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
28:48
which would otherwise 'strip away' โ€” or 'remove' โ€” the Earth's atmosphere.
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'๋ฒ—๊ฒจ๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜' '์ œ๊ฑฐ'ํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘ ๋ณต์‚ฌ์™€ ์ž…์ž์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:53
Right, I see. And what does radiation mean?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
28:56
Well, 'radiation' means 'heat or energy or particles in the form of rays' โ€”
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์Œ, '๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ '์€ '์—ด, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ด‘์„  ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ž…์ž'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:01
in this case, the Sun's rays.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘ ๊ด‘์„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:04
OK. And deflect?
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŽธํ–ฅ?
29:06
To 'deflect' means 'to make something change direction'.
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'deflect'์€ '๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:09
Right, I see. Thank you.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:11
Now, Rob, I asked you, do you remember, at the beginning of the show,
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์ž, Rob, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‡ผ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ๋•Œ
29:15
how big is the Earth's inner core?
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ํ•ต์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
29:18
Is it the size of a) the Moon?
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a) ๋‹ฌ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ธ๊ฐ€?
29:21
b) Jupiter? Or c) Mars?
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b) ๋ชฉ์„ฑ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ํ™”์„ฑ?
29:25
Yes, and I had a wild guess and I said c) Mars.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ถ”์ธก์„ ํ•ด์„œ c) ํ™”์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:28
Mm, yes. And I'm afraid that's wrong, Rob.
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”, Rob.
29:31
โ€” Ah. โ€” The answer is a) the Moon.
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โ€” ์•„. โ€” ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ a) ๋‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:35
Would you like to shape up and tell us which words we learned on the show today?
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฉ์†ก์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋Š”์ง€ ์ข€ ๋” ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์–ด ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
29:39
Of course. Good idea.
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๋ฌผ๋ก . ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์—์š”.
29:40
We heard...
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๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด...
29:43
Core.
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์ฝ”์–ด.
29:45
Dense.
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๋ฐ€์ง‘ํ•œ.
29:48
Crust.
515
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1000
๋นต ๊ป์งˆ.
29:51
Mantle.
516
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1080
๋งจํ‹€.
29:53
Silicate.
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1000
๊ทœ์‚ฐ์—ผ.
29:55
Molten.
518
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๋…น์€.
29:58
Magnetosphere.
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1600
์ž๊ธฐ๊ถŒ.
30:01
Strip away.
520
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1240
๋ฒ—๊ฒจ๋‚ด์„ธ์š”.
30:04
Radiation.
521
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๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ.
30:07
Deflect.
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1120
๋น„๋ผ๋‹ค.
30:09
Yes, thank you, Rob.
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๋„ค, ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”, ๋กญ.
30:11
Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English.
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์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:13
We hope you enjoyed our core vocabulary!
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
30:16
Please join us again soon.
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1920
๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
30:18
โ€” Bye-bye. โ€” Bye-bye.
527
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1360
- ์•ˆ๋…•. - ์•ˆ๋…•.
30:19
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
30:21
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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