English Rewind - Weekender: humour

Hello! Catherine here from BBC Learning English.

Just so you know, this programme is from the BBC Learning English archive.

It was originally broadcast in July 2006 on our website.

Enjoy!

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Hello, I'm Jackie Dalton, you're listening to BBC Learning English dot com.

Today, what's the point of humour?

We all know having a laugh is a way of making our lives better,

but exactly how does it all work?

This week, we'll hear from Jennifer Coates,

who's Professor of English Language and Linguistics

at Roehampton University in England.

She's done a lot of research into humour and how it's used.

First, Jennifer will list three main reasons

why she thinks humour is important. What are they?

Humour is extraordinary, it's actually 'multifunctional' —

has lots and lots of different functions.

But I think the three mains one are, first of all, to achieve dominance,

secondly for self-protection — you can use humour to deal with difficult situations

and to make yourself feel better in an embarrassing position.

Or, finally, to construct solidarity

and that's by far the most important function of humour.

Did you get those three points?

First, Jennifer said humour is used to achieve dominance or power.

Secondly, we use it to protect ourselves —

for example, to make a joke out of something you've done that's embarrassing.

And thirdly, to construct solidarity,

which means to bring people together in a nice way.

But as we heard earlier,

Jennifer also talked about something which is perhaps less positive —

'dominance', to get power over people.

What exactly does Jennifer mean

when she says people sometimes use humour to achieve dominance?

What I mean by dominance is that a speaker can do something like, for example,

tell a joke in the middle of a conversation

in such a way that that topic is interrupted

and then the person who told the joke

can choose where are we going next in the conversation.

That's a very dominant move, not a very collaborative one at all.

Or someone can do something silly and get to be the focus of attention

by being the centre of humour.

So, for example, a dominant boy in a classroom falls off his chair

just at the key moment and breaks into a serious discussion

where a girl in a class was saying something

that the rest of the class should have been listening to,

but he gets the attention back on him.

So, if you're using humour to achieve dominance, you might talk over someone,

using a joke or humorous comment, so that you take the lead of the conversation.

Jennifer used a nice phrase: she talked about 'getting the focus of attention',

or we can also say 'being the centre of attention' —

the person who everyone is looking at and listening to.

As Jennifer points out, this kind of humour isn't very collaborative.

It's about gaining power, rather than sharing.

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I asked some other people what they thought humour might be used for.

This is Kaz.

I think a lot of people use humour to break the ice,

to diffuse tense situations,

to maybe also kind of make fun of themselves,

to make themselves more socially acceptable.

Kaz said humour can be used to 'break the ice'.

When people have never met before, or haven't seen each other for a long time,

sometimes it feels a bit awkward and difficult at first.

'Breaking the ice' means 'breaking down any sort of formal barriers

that there might be between people and helping everyone relax'.

He also said people might use humour to make fun of themselves —

to laugh at themselves, so they become more socially acceptable,

so that people like them more.

He also talked about 'diffusing', or getting rid of tension.

Do you know what tension is?

Listen to Carrie and see if you can work it out.

I think people use humour to relieve tension.

So, if they're in a situation where maybe they don't know other people

and they want to relieve tension or if there's an argument,

some people make a joke to try and break up an argument.

Tension is when people feel uncomfortable,

maybe because they've had a disagreement or are a bit nervous.

Let's recap on some of the vocabulary that's come up.

To achieve dominance

self-protection,

to construct solidarity,

collaborative,

to be the centre of attention,

to break the ice,

to make fun of,

more socially acceptable,

tension.

How do you use humour?

Do you ever use it for self-protection,

to help you deal with an embarrassing situation?

Is it part of your way of constructing solidarity with others?

Or are you an attention-seeker,

who always has to interrupt conversations with funny comments,

so that you become the dominant player?

Think about it and you might be surprised!

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