Learn English Grammar: EACH OTHER & ONE ANOTHER

325,668 views ・ 2014-06-04

Adam’s English Lessons


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:02
Hi again. I'm Adam. Welcome back to www.engvid.com. Today's lesson is about reciprocal nouns.
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. μ €λŠ” μ•„λ‹΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. www.engvid.com에 λ‹€μ‹œ μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 였늘의 μˆ˜μ—…μ€ μƒν˜Έλͺ…사에 κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:08
This is something that gives people trouble often it seems, so I'm here to explain it
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이것은 μ’…μ’… μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 문제λ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚€λŠ” 것 κ°™κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
00:12
a little bit to show you when to use it, when not to use it.
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μ–Έμ œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”μ§€, μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό 보여주기 μœ„ν•΄ μ•½κ°„ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:16
First of all, what does this word mean: "reciprocal"? "To reciprocate"-that's the verb-"to reciprocate"
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μš°μ„ , "μƒν˜Έ"λΌλŠ” λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” 무엇을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? "To reciprocate"-λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€-"to reciprocate"λŠ”
00:22
means to return an action. So I do something for you, you do something for me. The action
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행동을 λ˜λŒλ €μ£ΌλŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‚˜λŠ” 당신을 μœ„ν•΄ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³ , 당신은 λ‚˜λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‘°μΉ˜λŠ”
00:27
is reciprocal; goes one way, goes the other way. Doesn't have to be the same action, but
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μƒν˜Έμ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•œ λ°©ν–₯으둜 κ°€κ³ , λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©ν–₯으둜 κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€. 같은 행동일 ν•„μš”λŠ” μ—†μ§€λ§Œ
00:32
it's some sort of... Returning a favour basically or returning help.
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μΌμ’…μ˜β€¦
00:39
So we can use: "each other" or "one another" to show a reciprocal action. These are called
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ "μ„œλ‘œ" λ˜λŠ” "μ„œλ‘œ"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 이λ₯Ό μƒν˜Έ λŒ€λͺ…사라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:45
reciprocal pronouns. Okay? "Each" is a pronoun, "one" is a pronoun, "another" is a pronoun.
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. μ’‹μ•„μš”? "Each"λŠ” λŒ€λͺ…사, "one"은 λŒ€λͺ…사, "another"λŠ” λŒ€λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
These are in groups, they are reciprocal pronouns. Now, quite often, people mix these... They
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이듀은 그룹에 있으며 μƒν˜Έ λŒ€λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 자, κ½€ 자주, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 이것듀을 ν˜Όν•©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€... 그듀은
01:00
mix the use of this with "themselves". Okay? "Themselves" is not a reciprocal pronoun.
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μ΄κ²ƒμ˜ μ‚¬μš©μ„ "κ·Έλ“€ μžμ‹ "κ³Ό ν˜Όν•©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”? "κ·Έλ“€ μžμ‹ "은 μƒν˜Έ λŒ€λͺ…사가 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:09
"Themselves" is called a reflexive pronoun. I won't get into too much detail about reflexive
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"κ·Έλ“€ μžμ‹ "은 μž¬κ·€ λŒ€λͺ…μ‚¬λΌκ³ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—¬κΈ°μ„œλŠ” μž¬κ·€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μžμ„Ένžˆ 닀루지 μ•Šκ² μ§€
01:16
here, but a "reflexive pronoun" is a pronoun when you have the subject acting on the object,
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만 "μž¬κ·€ λŒ€λͺ…사"λŠ” λŒ€μƒμ— μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ μž‘μš©ν•˜κ³ 
01:23
and the object is the same as the subject. So: "I hit myself." I am the subject, I am
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λŒ€μƒμ΄ 주어와 동일할 λ•Œ λŒ€λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ : "λ‚˜λŠ” λ‚˜ μžμ‹ μ„ λ•Œλ Έλ‹€." λ‚˜λŠ” 주체이기도 ν•˜κ³ 
01:32
also the object. I hit myself, it's reflecting back to me. Reciprocal, there's always somebody
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객체이기도 ν•˜λ‹€. λ‚˜ μžμ‹ μ„ λ•Œλ¦¬λ©΄ λ‚˜μ—κ²Œ λ‹€μ‹œ λ°˜μ˜λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μƒν˜Έμ μœΌλ‘œ, 항상
01:38
else or other people involved besides myself. Okay? Besides me.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ λ˜λŠ” λ‚˜ 외에 κ΄€λ ¨λœ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”? λ‚˜ 외에.
01:44
"Tom and Jerry hated each other." Now, I'm not sure how old some of you are.
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"ν†°κ³Ό μ œλ¦¬λŠ” μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό λ―Έμ›Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." 자, μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 쀑 일뢀가 λͺ‡ 살인지 잘 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
I know I'm maybe giving away my age a little bit, but Tom and Jerry were very popular cartoon
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λ‚΄κ°€ λ‚΄ λ‚˜μ΄λ₯Ό 쑰금 ν¬κΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œμ§€λ§Œ ν†°κ³Ό μ œλ¦¬λŠ” λ‚΄κ°€ 어렸을 λ•Œ 맀우 인기 μžˆλŠ” λ§Œν™”
01:57
characters when I was a kid. Tom... Tom was the cat I believe, Jerry was the mouse, and
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μΊλ¦­ν„°μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν†°... 톰은 λ‚΄κ°€ λ―ΏλŠ” κ³ μ–‘μ΄μ˜€κ³ , μ œλ¦¬λŠ” 생μ₯μ˜€μœΌλ©°,
02:04
they always used to hate each other. Near the end, when I got older, they became friends;
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그듀은 항상 μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό λ―Έμ›Œν•˜κ³€ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μ— λ‚΄κ°€ λ‚˜μ΄κ°€ λ“€μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ 그듀은 μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
it was very disappointing. It was better when they hated each other and always used to do
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맀우 μ‹€λ§μŠ€λŸ¬μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό λ―Έμ›Œν•˜κ³  항상
02:12
bad things to each other because they were... It was kind of funny. "Tom and Jerry hated
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μ„œλ‘œμ—κ²Œ λ‚˜μœ 짓을 ν•˜κ³€ ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œκ°€ 더 μ’‹μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 그듀은… "ν†°κ³Ό μ œλ¦¬λŠ” μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό λ―Έμ›Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:17
each other." Tom hated Jerry, Jerry hated Tom; the feeling was reciprocal. Okay? Here,
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." Tom은 Jerryλ₯Ό λ―Έμ›Œν–ˆκ³  JerryλŠ” Tom을 λ―Έμ›Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έ λŠλ‚Œμ€ μƒν˜Έμ μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”? μ—¬κΈ°μ„œλŠ”
02:25
it's not an action, it's a feeling, but we can use it in the same way. We use it like
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λ™μž‘μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λŠλ‚Œμ΄μ§€λ§Œ 같은 의미둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것을 λ™μž‘ λ™μ‚¬μ²˜λŸΌ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:29
an action verb.
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.
02:30
"Tom and Jerry hated one another." Basically, the meaning is the same. Now, there's
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"ν†°κ³Ό μ œλ¦¬λŠ” μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό λ―Έμ›Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." 기본적으둜 μ˜λ―ΈλŠ” κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이제 문법을 κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜λŠ”
02:36
an argument between grammarians, people who study grammar, who think that "each other"
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λ¬Έλ²•ν•™μžλ“€ 사이에 λ…ΌμŸμ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그듀은 "μ„œλ‘œ"λŠ”
02:41
should only involve two characters, "one another" should involve more than two characters. Realistically
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두 κΈ€μžλ§Œ 포함해야 ν•˜κ³  "μ„œλ‘œ"λŠ” 두 κΈ€μž 이상을 포함해야 ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:48
though, they're interchangeable; you can use one or the other. Everybody will get the exact
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν˜„μ‹€μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” μƒν˜Έ κ΅ν™˜μ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‘˜ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–΄λ–€ 것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ“  상관없이 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ •ν™•νžˆ 같은 의미λ₯Ό κ°–κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:53
same meaning, regardless which one you use. Okay?
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. μ’‹μ•„μš”?
02:57
Now: "Tom and Jerry hated themselves."
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ν˜„μž¬: "Tomκ³Ό JerryλŠ” μžμ‹ μ„ λ―Έμ›Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
03:00
Does this mean the same as these two? No, it does not. If we say: "Tom and Jerry hated
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이 λ‘˜κ³Ό 같은 λœ»μΈκ°€μš”? μ•„λ‹ˆ 그렇지 μ•Šμ•„. "Tomκ³Ό JerryλŠ”
03:05
themselves." means Tom hated Tom, Jerry hated Jerry. No relation between the two. Tom hated
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μžμ‹ μ„ λ―Έμ›Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." Tom은 Tom을 λ―Έμ›Œν–ˆκ³  JerryλŠ” Jerryλ₯Ό λ―Έμ›Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‘˜ μ‚¬μ΄μ—λŠ” 관계가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. Tom은
03:14
himself, Jerry hated himself. Okay? So this is not a reciprocal action; this is a reflexive.
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μžμ‹ μ„ λ―Έμ›Œν–ˆκ³  JerryλŠ” μžμ‹ μ„ λ―Έμ›Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”? λ”°λΌμ„œ 이것은 μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©μ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이것은 λ°˜μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
Now, another situation we have is with the apostrophe. Okay?
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이제 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 가진 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 상황은 μ•„ν¬μŠ€νŠΈλ‘œν”Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”?
03:27
"Linda and Kate were bridesmaids at each other's weddings."
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"Linda와 KateλŠ” μ„œλ‘œμ˜ κ²°ν˜Όμ‹μ—μ„œ μ‹ λΆ€ λ“€λŸ¬λ¦¬μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
03:31
"Linda and Kate were bridesmaids at one another's weddings."
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"Linda와 KateλŠ” μ„œλ‘œμ˜ κ²°ν˜Όμ‹μ—μ„œ μ‹ λΆ€ λ“€λŸ¬λ¦¬μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
03:36
"Wedding", I'm going to have to look that one up. "Each other's weddings" though for
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"κ²°ν˜Όμ‹", λ‚˜λŠ” 그것을 찾아봐야 ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ„œλ‘œμ˜ κ²°ν˜Όμ‹"μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
03:39
sure. It basically means the same idea. One to you, one back to me; reciprocal actions.
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ν™•μ‹€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 기본적으둜 같은 생각을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹ μ—κ²Œ ν•˜λ‚˜, λ‚˜μ—κ²Œ λ‹€μ‹œ ν•˜λ‚˜; μƒν˜Έ 쑰치.
03:47
And you can use it. Now, some people put these together, especially language learners who
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그리고 당신은 그것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 자, μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 이것듀을 ν•©μΉ˜λŠ”λ°, 특히
03:52
are a little bit new to the language, they say: "Each other". Now, keep in mind, a native
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언어에 쑰금 μƒμ†Œν•œ μ–Έμ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μžλ“€μ€ "μ„œλ‘œ"라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 자, λͺ…μ‹¬ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
03:56
speaker will take the "ch" sound with the "o" and mix it - "eachother", but they are
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원어민은 "ch" μ†Œλ¦¬μ— "o"λ₯Ό λΆ™μ—¬μ„œ "eachother"둜 μ„žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이
04:03
two separate words, you can't mix them. And some people also think you can put the apostrophe
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두 λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” λ³„κ°œμ˜ λ‹¨μ–΄μ΄λ―€λ‘œ μ„žμ„ 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ˜ν•œ "s" 뒀에 μ•„ν¬μŠ€νŠΈλ‘œν”Όλ₯Ό 넣을 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:10
after the "s", this is also not the case because we're talking about one person to one person,
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. 이것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ—μ„œ ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 사싀이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:15
so the "s" always comes... The apostrophe-sorry-always comes before the "s" to show possession. Okay?
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "s"λŠ” 항상 μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€... μ•„ν¬μŠ€νŠΈλ‘œν”Ό-sorry-always μ†Œμœ κΆŒμ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ "s" μ•žμ— μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”?
04:23
It's a little bit confusing, but very useful to know how to use these. Actions going two-way.
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μ•½κ°„ ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ½κΈ΄ ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ‚¬μš©λ²•μ„ μ•Œλ©΄ 맀우 μœ μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–‘λ°©ν–₯으둜 μ§„ν–‰λ˜λŠ” μž‘μ—….
04:29
If you're not sure, go to www.engvid.com, there'll be a quiz there where you can try
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ν™•μ‹€ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 경우 www.engvid.com으둜 μ΄λ™ν•˜λ©΄ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 예제λ₯Ό μ‹œλ„ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” ν€΄μ¦ˆκ°€ μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:33
out these examples. And if you have any questions, please ask; I'll be very happy to answer them.
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. 질문이 μžˆμœΌμ‹œλ©΄ μ§ˆλ¬Έν•΄ μ£Όμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. 기꺼이 λ‹΅λ³€ν•΄ λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:39
See you again.
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또 보자.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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