IELTS & TOEFL Writing: 5 Common Mistakes

713,690 views ใƒป 2016-05-24

Adamโ€™s English Lessons


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi. Welcome again to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam. Today's lesson, we're looking at IELTS and TOEFL,
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์•ˆ๋…•. www.engvid.com์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์•„๋‹ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž‘๋ฌธ ์˜์—ญ์ธ IELTS์™€ TOEFL์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ 
00:08
the writing section, and we're going to look at the five most common mistakes that
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00:13
I see when I'm checking students' essays. Okay? Now, as usual, for the IELTS and TOEFL
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์—์„ธ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฒ”ํ•˜๋Š” 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด์ œ ํ‰์†Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ IELTS์™€ TOEFL
00:20
lesson, I will speak a little bit more natural speed, a little bit faster than usual. If
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์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ‰์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์†๋„๋กœ, ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
you're a beginner, don't worry. Watch the video, listen, practice your listening. Get
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์ดˆ๋ณด์ž๋ผ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  , ๋“ฃ๊ณ , ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:30
the vocabulary you need.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
00:32
It's all... It's good for everybody, but just a little bit harder. Okay?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ... ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
00:37
So, now, where do I begin? I check a lot of essays. Okay? People send me their essays,
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์–ด๋””์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์—์„ธ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์—์„ธ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ ,
00:43
I check them, I edit them, I tell them what they're doing wrong, and I've come to the
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ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ , ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ž˜๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:48
realization that there are certain mistakes that many, many people make. So, I want to
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š”
00:53
tell you five of these common mistakes so that you can avoid making them. Okay?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ 5๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”?
00:58
And the first one-and this is the most common mistake that I see-is that you are trying
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
too hard. Now, what does this mean? Trying hard is a good thing, right? Yes, it is. But
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด์ฃ ? ์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:09
you're trying too hard to sound impressive. Okay? You're trying to impress the graders
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ธ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์˜ ์ฑ„์ ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊นŠ์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:16
of these... Of these exams, IELTS and TOEFL, you think that by using big words or lots
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... ์ด ์‹œํ—˜๋“ค, IELTS์™€ TOEFL์—์„œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฐฝํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋‚˜
01:21
of idioms, or very, very long sentences that are very complex and have many clauses that
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๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ™์–ด, ๋˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์ ˆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
01:27
you're getting a higher score. In fact, most of the times, you're actually hurting yourselves.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ' ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ. ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ•ด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
Why? Because you're using words incorrectly, you're using them inappropriately, meaning
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์™œ? ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
in the wrong context or the wrong usage or in the wrong parts of speech; you're using
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01:43
a verb when you should use a noun, etc. When you write very, very long sentences, quite
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๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋“ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์•„์ฃผ
01:49
often, you have run-on sentences, mean... Meaning you have two independent clauses in
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์ž์ฃผ ์—ฐ์† ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ ์ ˆ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
01:54
one sentence, and no punctuation, and no conjunctions, and then the whole sentence falls apart and
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๊ตฌ๋‘์ ๊ณผ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ 
02:00
means nothing. And also, a lot of people use idioms because... Yeah, idioms will get you
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์•„๋ฌด ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”... ์˜ˆ, ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์‚ฐ์ ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜
02:05
extra points, but they're using them incorrectly or in the wrong context. Again, make sure
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
02:10
you know the words you're using, make sure you know the idioms you're using, and shorter
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์งง์€
02:15
sentences can actually be better. Simple is often better than complex. If you think about...
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋” ๋‚˜์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข…์ข… ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด...
02:21
As an analogy, if you think about cooking, the more spices you put into the dish, the
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๋น„์œ ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์š”๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด, ์š”๋ฆฌ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํ–ฅ์‹ ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์„์ˆ˜๋ก
02:26
less you taste the actual meat or the actual core of the dish. Simple is best.
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์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์š”๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ง›์ด ๋œ ๋Š๊ปด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•จ์ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Let me give you an example. Here are two sentences. Okay? Let me read them to you.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ์–ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
"The CEO", Chief Executive Officer, like the head of the company... "The CEO's tenure at the company
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์ตœ๊ณ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ž( CEO)๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜์žฅ๊ธ‰โ€ฆ
02:43
was abbreviated due to his reluctance to integrate more females into upper managerial posts,
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02:49
thereby drawing the ire of the Board who consequently relieved him of his duties."
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๊ทธ์˜ ์˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ."
02:55
Now, this sentence is perfectly okay. It's grammatically correct, all the words are being used correctly, but
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์ž, ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์“ด ๋ฐฉ์‹๋Œ€๋กœ
03:03
if you can write a sentence like this the way that I wrote it here, then you don't need
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:08
to worry about the IELTS or the TOEFL; your English is obviously very high level. If you
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IELTS๋‚˜ TOEFL์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
03:12
can do this, then this test will be very easy for you.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฌ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
However, a lot of people, a lot of test-takers try to write this sentence, and then they
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜ํ—˜์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์“ฐ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์•„์ฃผ
03:21
end up making many, many mistakes. They don't use this word correctly: "abbreviated", they
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๋งŽ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ "์•ฝ์–ด"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
say: "abbreviation". Okay? That's the more common thing of it. "Abbreviated" means made
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"์•ฝ์–ด"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Abbreviated"๋Š” ์งง๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:32
shorter. Okay? "Reluctance", hesitance, like not really wanting to. This word: "ire". I
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”? "์‹ซ์–ด", ๋ง์„ค์ž„, ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ. ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด: "ire". ๋‚˜๋Š”
03:41
write all the time, I write for a living. I never use this word "ire", because it's
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ , ์ƒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธ€์„ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” "ire"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
so old-fashioned. And also, it's a small word. Right? So you don't need many syllables, you
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ตฌ์‹์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์Œ์ ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
03:51
don't need very rare words. You need to be simple, you need to get your message across.
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๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๊ท€ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
The most important part of the test is: Answer the question. They give you a task, answer
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ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:02
it. Answer it clearly, concisely. Means: Use fewer words, not more words. If you can say
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. ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์˜๋ฏธ: ๋” ์ ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
04:08
the same thing in fewer words, get the message across, make it clear, make the reader interested,
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๋” ์ ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  , ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋…์ž์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
04:14
then you'll get higher points than if you write something like this. Okay?
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๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:18
Let's look at this sentence:
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
04:20
"The CEO's time was cut short because he wouldn't promote
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04:23
women to top positions, which angered the Board who then fired him."
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.
04:28
Okay, look at the two sentences. This sentence means exactly the same thing as this sentence.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Much shorter, much simpler words, much more direct delivery of the message. Now, "tenure", "time", same
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์งง๊ณ  ๋” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด, ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ "์ž„๊ธฐ", "์‹œ๊ฐ„"๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:46
thing. Tenure's a nice word, but if you're not going to use it correctly, then you're
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. Tenure๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
04:50
going to lose points; not gain points. Better to write "time", and get the message across,
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์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์–ป์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์‹œ๊ฐ„"์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
04:56
than to write "tenure" and use a word incorrectly, which means you don't actually know it, and
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"์ž„๊ธฐ"๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ 
05:02
you make the whole sentence confusing to the reader. So you're actually doing two bad things.
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์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋…์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ
05:07
We call this a "double-whammy", in case you need extra expressions.
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์ด๋ฅผ "์ด์ค‘ ๋ฌธ์ œ"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:14
A double-whammy means
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์ด์ค‘๊ณ (double whammy)๋Š”
05:16
you're hurting yourself twice. Okay? So don't do that.
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์ž์‹ ์„ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ๋‹ค์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
05:20
"Ire", just say "angered". Now, if you can use the word "angered", this is a high-end word.
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"ํ™”", ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ "๋ถ„๋…ธ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ž, "๋ถ„๋…ธ"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
Now, you're thinking: "Angry? 'Angry' is not a high-end word." Yes, but I didn't
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "ํ™”๊ฐ€? 'ํ™”'๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ค, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š”
05:30
say "angry". I said "angered". If you could show the graders that you know this word so
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"ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” "๋ถ„๋…ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
05:35
well that you know how to use it as a verb... Because most people don't. Most people only
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๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฑ„์ ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด... ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
05:39
know "angry" or "anger", the noun. Very few people use this word as a verb. Use this word
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ "angry" ๋˜๋Š” "anger"๋งŒ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ
05:46
as a verb, and you have your high-end vocabulary, you get your extra points. Use "ire" incorrectly
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๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "ire"๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
05:52
and you're actually losing points. Okay? Same idea, fewer words, simple words, the message
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ, ๋” ์ ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด, ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด, ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋Š”
05:59
is clear and to the point.
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์š”์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
Now, for some reason people love this idiom:
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์ด์ œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
06:08
"a double-edged sword". Everything is a double-edged sword.
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"์–‘๋‚ ์˜ ๊ฒ€"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–‘๋‚ ์˜ ๊ฒ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
The problem with a double-edged sword is that there's two sides to it, and most
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์–‘๋‚ ์˜ ๊ฒ€์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์–‘๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜
06:17
people don't realize that. Right? If you're going to use an idiom, make sure you're using
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”
06:21
it correctly. So, this idiom, "a double-edged sword" means that something, or a situation,
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ์ธ "์–‘๋‚ ์˜ ๊ฒ€"์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ, ์ƒํ™ฉ
06:26
or an action has both a positive side and a negative side. So if you're going to use
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๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
06:32
this idiom, you better explain to the reader: What is the positive, what is the negative?
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์ด ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋…์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:37
Okay? So, this sentence is a double-edged sword. If you can write it like this, then
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์–‘๋‚ ์˜ ๊ฒ€์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
06:43
yeah, you're getting a bonus point. But on the other side of it, if you write... If you
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๊ฐ€์‚ฐ์ ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์— ์“ฐ์‹œ๋ฉด...
06:48
make any mistakes in it, you're losing points. So be very careful with vocabulary, extra
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ํ˜น์‹œ๋ผ๋„ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฐ์ ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–ดํœ˜, ํ•„์š”
06:54
words that you don't need, and idioms.
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ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ฐ ์ˆ™์–ด์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:56
Now, another thing: Long, complicated sentences. They don't need to be. Remember I said they're
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์ด์ œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธธ๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ์† ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋‚˜
07:02
run-on sentences? Now, another thing you have to worry about is redundancy. This is a big
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? ์ด์ œ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ ์ค‘๋ณต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํฐ
07:06
word, but I'll write it here. If something is redundant, it means it's unnecessary.
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๋‹จ์–ด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์“ฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
"The CEO's tenure at the company", now, here you noticed I put "at the company". Here... Here,
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"CEO์˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์žฌ์ž„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„", ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ "ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ"๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ... ์—ฌ๊ธฐ,
07:21
I didn't put "the company". Why? A CEO is a head of a company, it's understood that
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"ํšŒ์‚ฌ"๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ? CEO๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ด๋ฉฐ
07:26
the time at the company. I don't actually need to say it. If you can use three words
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:32
to say something, don't use five. If you can use five, don't use 10. Less is more, just
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๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. 5๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด 10์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:39
like when you're putting on makeup. Another analogy, there, for you. Okay? So, this is
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๋ฉ”์ดํฌ์—…์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
07:43
the most common mistake. Let's look at a few more.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
Okay, so now we're a little bit busy, here, but I'll squeeze everything into one shot
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋น ์ง€์ง€๋งŒ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์••์ถ•ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:51
so it's much easier for you. What I'm going to do, I'm going to begin by looking at a
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. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
07:54
very classic task, either IELTS or TOEFL will give it to you. "Parents make the best teachers."
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IELTS๋‚˜ TOEFL์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ์ „์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค."
08:02
Do you agree or disagree? Okay. You had your introduction, we're talking about parents,
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๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ ,
08:08
we're talking about education, we're talking about children. Some people believe that parents
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ
08:12
are the best, some people believe teachers are the best. I think that... I agree that
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๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ณ , ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ต์‚ฌ ๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š”...
08:17
parents are the best teachers. Okay, your introduction's done.
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์†Œ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
Let's get into the first body paragraph. So, first, I'm going to read this to you. This
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ณธ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋จผ์ € ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ฝ์–ด์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
08:25
is not a complete paragraph, but you'll get the idea.
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์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋‹จ๋ฝ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
"Firstly, parents know their child best, including what he likes and doesn't like, such as books he likes to read, or favourite
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"์ฒซ์งธ, ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š” ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฑ…, ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”
08:35
science topics. Parents can also talk to the child's teachers and find out from them how
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๊ณผํ•™ ์ฃผ์ œ ๋“ฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
to help him at home. They can also monitor how much TV he watches, and cutting down on
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
08:49
this might help his concentration."
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง‘์ค‘์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
08:51
And on and on. Okay? I didn't give you the full paragraph.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ „์ฒด ๋‹จ๋ฝ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
Not necessary; you'll understand what I'm getting at.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
So, common mistake number two: No topic sentence. If you look at this example, I don't know
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
09:05
what this paragraph is about. Right? A topic sentence is your introduction sentence to
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์ด ๋‹จ๋ฝ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์ฃผ์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋‹จ๋ฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๊ฐœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:10
the paragraph. It's very important to remember that one paragraph has one central idea. Okay?
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. ํ•œ ๋‹จ๋ฝ์—๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
09:17
This central idea must be presented right at the beginning of the paragraph so the reader
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์ด ์ค‘์‹ฌ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ๋…์ž๊ฐ€
09:22
knows what to expect. So, in this sentence, we're talking about parents know their child,
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋‹จ๋ฝ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ , ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€
09:29
they know what he likes and what he doesn't like, they know what books he likes, they
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์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ , ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฑ…์„ ์•Œ๊ณ , ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€
09:33
know what science topics he likes. What is this paragraph about? Is it about books? Is
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์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‹จ๋ฝ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ฑ…์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:38
it about choosing his books or choosing his science topics? Is it about parents know their
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ฑ…์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ณผํ•™ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
09:43
child? Is it about what he likes, what he doesn't like? I'm assuming that it's: Parents
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? ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š”
09:48
know their child best. Okay? So it's about the parents' knowledge of the child. That
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์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž๋…€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์ง€์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ
09:55
is what this paragraph is about. That is why they are the best teachers, because they know
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์ด ๋‹จ๋ฝ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ต์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:00
their child. Put a period here, and then start with your reasons. This is your topic sentence.
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋งˆ์นจํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ฐ๊ณ  ์ด์œ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
This is what the paragraph is about. Stop, start giving me your support; start elaborating
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ๋ฝ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋งŒ, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:14
on this key point, and giving me the details, reasons, examples, etc.
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์ด ์š”์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ, ์ด์œ , ์˜ˆ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:20
Too many ideas. So, this basically goes in line with the topic... No topic sentence.
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์ฃผ์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
So then, okay, they know what he likes, what he doesn't like, his books, etc. They can
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฑ… ๋“ฑ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
10:31
also talk to the child's teachers and find out how they can help him. Okay, that's another
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๋˜ํ•œ ์•„์ด์˜ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ
10:36
way they can do. So, teachers have nobody to ask. Or maybe they have the parents. Who
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€
10:40
knows? So, parents know their child best, parents can talk to the child's teachers,
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์•Œ์•„? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š” ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š” ์ž๋…€์˜ ๊ต์‚ฌ์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
10:46
they can find... They can monitor how much TV he watches, so they can... This is something
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์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ TV๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ... ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
10:50
else they can do. Doesn't have anything to do with what he likes or doesn't like. They
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
10:55
can concen-... They can help his concentration by cutting down on TV. Too many ideas, here.
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์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ TV๋ฅผ ์ค„์ž„์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง‘์ค‘์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
Now, too many ideas is not a bad thing if each idea is expanded on, you elaborate, you
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜๊ณ , ์ •๊ตํ•ด์ง€๊ณ ,
11:09
explain why this is important, and you have to connect. Right? Every sentence must flow
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
11:16
in terms of ideas, logically, from one idea to the next. So, here, this... This sentence
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์—์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ์ด... ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ
11:23
and this sentence really have no connection. Here, we're talking about what he likes; here
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๊ณผ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์ •๋ง ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ
11:27
about what they can do with their teachers. Two completely separate ideas, not connected
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๊ต์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด
11:32
by anything. Okay? Next, they can talk about TV. They can cut down on TV. Okay. What does
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ TV์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ TV์—์„œ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
11:39
that have to do with talking to the child's teachers? Nothing. Again, no connection. Different
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์•„์ด์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹˜. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
11:45
idea. So the reader is going:
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์ƒ๊ฐ. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋…์ž๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
"Umm, what are you trying to do here? Like, what...? What is the purpose of this essay?
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"์Œ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ญ...? ์ด ์—์„ธ์ด์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ๋ญ์ฃ ?
11:52
What is the purpose of this paragraph?" The point is you're
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์ด ๋ฌธ๋‹จ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ๋ญ์ฃ  ?" ์š”์ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
11:56
trying to support your idea, why you think parents are the best teacher.
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
Don't just throw in ideas.
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋งŒ ๋˜์ง€์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
12:03
Which brings us to point number four: Good point... So, you're making good points. There's
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4๋ฒˆ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์€ ์ ... ์ข‹์€ ์ ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
nothing wrong with the ideas, here; they're actually quite good, quite strong in terms
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด์—๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฝค ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ณ 
12:11
of supporting your opinion. But then you don't give me any examples. Okay? For example, if
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ˆ๋„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
12:19
you're talking about books, this is like already the second sentence, you're talking about
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์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:21
what books he likes, what science he likes... For example, if a child likes dinosaurs, the
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์–ด๋–ค ์ฑ…์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ์–ด๋–ค ๊ณผํ•™์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€... ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋ฃก์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:27
parents can then go buy him a dinosaur set, a model set, or books about dinosaurs, or
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š” ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๋ฃก ์„ธํŠธ, ๋ชจ๋ธ ์„ธํŠธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋ฃก์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์„ ์‚ฌ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
12:33
they can take him to the museum to see... The Natural History Museum to see how dinosaurs
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๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์ž์—ฐ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ฃก์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
12:38
evolved, and died, and etc. Or if you're talking about TV, well, what's wrong with TV? TV can
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์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ TV์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด, ์Œ, TV์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? TV๋Š”
12:44
be very educational. But for your purpose, you want to give the example. If the child
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ต์œก์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด๊ฐ€
12:49
is watching too many cartoons or is watching violent movies, he's not going to be able
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๋งŒํ™”๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
12:54
to concentrate on his math homework. Right? Or if his imagination is getting carried away,
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์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์ˆ™์ œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์ด ํํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๋ฉด
12:59
how's he going to concentrate on his science lessons?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณผํ•™ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
13:02
So, give me the points, yes, make sure that you give me concrete examples.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์š”์ ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์˜ˆ, ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
13:10
"Concrete" meaning give me a real thing, something I can actually hold onto. The dinosaur set,
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"์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ"๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ™์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ณต๋ฃก ์„ธํŠธ,
13:16
concrete example. Cartoons on TV, concrete examples. Okay? Make sure you support your
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ. TV ๋งŒํ™”, ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:22
reasons with examples. Make sure you support your argument with reasons. Everything has
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด
13:27
to be connected. Better to take only one or two of these ideas, expand on them, and give
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ์ค‘ ํ•œ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๊ณ 
13:34
me examples to support them to make them stronger. Okay? So, this is the general idea about the
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๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
13:40
paragraphs in body one, body two. Same thing for body two. You're going to a new topic,
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๋ณธ๋ฌธ 1, ๋ณธ๋ฌธ 2์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ๋ฌธ 2๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ
13:45
introduce it with a topic, make sure you have the transition between paragraph, body paragraph
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์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹จ๋ฝ, ๋ณธ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ๋ฝ
13:50
one and two, topic sentence, reason you think so, example, maybe another point,
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1๊ณผ 2, ์ฃผ์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ , ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์  ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ 
13:56
go on to your conclusion.
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์œผ๋กœ โ€‹โ€‹๊ฐ€์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
13:58
Now, this one, the last one. This is actually a bit of a pet peeve. I'll explain this expression.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ ์˜ค์คŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
A "pet peeve" is something that you find really annoying. Right? Something that happens all
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"์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ ์˜ค์คŒ"์€ ์ •๋ง ์„ฑ๊ฐ€์‹  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ
14:14
the time, and it really bothers you. So I've had many students, and I've explained to them
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์ด๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ๊ท€์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
14:18
this point-I'm going to explain to you in a second-and I say: "Don't do this." And then
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์ด ์š”์ ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” "์ด๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”." ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ
14:23
their next essay, they do it again; and then their next essay, they do it again. Like,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ์—์„ธ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ์—์„ธ์ด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
14:26
you say: "Don't do it, don't do it", and they do it, and they do it. So, what is the problem?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ "ํ•˜์ง€๋งˆ, ํ•˜์ง€๋งˆ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:32
Once you have your opinion, once you've decided agree or disagree, say so once. Okay? Use
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์ผ๋‹จ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋™์˜ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ผ๋‹จ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
14:41
this pronoun: "I agree", "I think", "I believe", "In my opinion" one time in the entire essay.
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์ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค: "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค", "๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค", "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค", "๋‚ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”" ์ „์ฒด ์—์„ธ์ด์—์„œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ.
14:53
Do not say: "I think" two, three, four times. Don't say it twice in the introduction, and
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ, ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ, ๋„ค ๋ฒˆ "๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์„œ๋ก ์—์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ 
14:58
then again in the conclusion. Say it one time in the introduction if that's where your thesis is
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์„œ๋ก ์—์„œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋งŒ ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
- that's it, you're done. Don't use the word: "I", "my", "me", "mine" any more in your essay.
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๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—์„ธ์ด์—์„œ ๋” ์ด์ƒ "I", "my", "me", "mine"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
15:10
The only time you can repeat the personal pronoun is if you have a very personal task
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๊ฐœ์ธ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—… ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:17
question. Would you prefer to live in the city or the country? Okay, in that case, you
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. ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์‹œ๊ณจ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
15:22
can use "I", or "me", or "my" a few times, but even then, you don't need to, so don't.
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"๋‚˜", "๋‚˜", "๋‚˜์˜"๋ฅผ ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
15:29
One time, give me your opinion, that's it; don't give me any more.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ฃผ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
15:33
Now, what happens is I see quite often in the introduction, I see people say:
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์„œ๋ก ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
15:38
"I think that A, B, C, which is why I believe C, D, E, F." Whatever.
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"A, B, C๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— C, D, E, F๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ .
15:47
Well, what is your thesis?
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:49
Is it the first one or the second one? Right? Usually it will be a bit clear what you're
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋ช…ํ™•
15:53
trying to say, but the fact that you say two opinions makes your thesis weak, because I'm
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:00
not sure. You're not taking a very firm stance. If you think A, B, C, which is why you believe
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. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ™•๊ณ ํ•œ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. A, B, C๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด
16:06
D, E, F - well, you only think A, B, C, which is not a very strong support for D, E, F or
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D, E, F๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, A, B, C๋งŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด D, E, F์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ง€์›์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
16:11
believing D, E, F. Have one firm expression: "I think" something, done. Support it the
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D, E, F. ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ™•๊ณ ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. "๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค", ์™„๋ฃŒ.
16:19
rest of the essay. In the conclusion, you can restate that opinion, but you don't have
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์—์„ธ์ด์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
16:25
to say: "That is why I think", "In conclusion, I think this because that". No.
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"๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค", " ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”.
16:29
"In conclusion, parents make the best teachers for several reasons,
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"๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š”
16:34
including knowledge of their child and" whatever your second body paragraph was.
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์ž๋…€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ณธ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ๋ฝ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋“ฑ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
I don't know. Everybody has different ideas.
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๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
One time in the whole essay, that's it.
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์ „์ฒด ์—์„ธ์ด์—์„œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:45
So, these are the five common mistakes people make. Try to avoid them.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ”ํžˆ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:50
Your score will go up right away, I can promise you that. If you have any questions, come to www.engvid.com,
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด www.engvid.com์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค์…”์„œ
16:57
you can ask me questions in the forum. I will put a quiz to make sure you understand the
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ํฌ๋Ÿผ์—์„œ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:02
key concepts, here. If you need extra help, please visit my site, www.writetotop.com,
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. ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ œ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ www.writetotop.com์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
17:08
I have a lot of useful tips for writing there as well; subscribe to my YouTube channel;
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋„ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ํŒ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‚ด YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
17:14
and come back soon. I'll see you then. Bye.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณง ๋Œ์•„์˜ค์„ธ์š”. ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋ด. ์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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