War & Military Vocabulary: Understand the news

453,670 views ใƒป 2014-12-23

Adamโ€™s English Lessons


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi again. I'm Adam. Welcome back to www.engvid.com. Today's lesson is a little bit unfortunate.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ์•„๋‹ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. www.engvid.com์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์•„์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
We're going to talk about the military, and I'm going to give you some vocabulary to talk
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
00:11
about military and war, armies, etc. Now, the reason we're doing this is because we
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๊ตฐ๋Œ€์™€ ์ „์Ÿ, ๊ตฐ๋Œ€ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
actually had a few requests for this type of lesson because if you open the newspaper
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00:23
today or turn on the TV or the Internet, everything -- everywhere you look at, it's war. Right?
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ํŽด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ TV๋‚˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ์ผœ๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด -- ์–ด๋””๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋“  ์ „์Ÿ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
00:29
The world is a little bit chaotic right now. It's just chaos everywhere. "Chaos" -- big
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์ด ํ˜ผ๋ˆ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "ํ˜ผ๋ˆ" -- ํฐ
00:36
mess, big trouble. So it's better that you understand what it is you're looking at, what
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ํ˜ผ๋ž€, ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€,
00:42
it is you're hearing, what it is you're reading, what it is you're talking about. We're going
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๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€, ์ฝ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€, ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
00:46
to look at a few things just to get you a basic understanding of the military. I'm going
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š”
00:52
to take the American military as an example because they're the biggest, and of course,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก 
00:57
they're the most active military right now. The military has four branches -- four parts
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ™œ๋™์ ์ธ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์—๋Š” 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ถ€์„œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:03
to the military. There's the Army, the Marine Corps -- we don't want to say the P or the
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. ์œก๊ตฐ, ํ•ด๋ณ‘๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” P๋‚˜ S๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
S, "Marine corps" -- Navy, Air Force. Army -- these are basically the ground soldiers.
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"ํ•ด๋ณ‘๋Œ€"๋Š” ํ•ด๊ตฐ, ๊ณต๊ตฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œก๊ตฐ - ์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ƒ๊ตฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
They have the tanks, the big, heavy machine guns, the big anti-tank missiles, all that
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํƒฑํฌ, ํฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด, ํฐ ๋Œ€์ „์ฐจ ๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ, ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“ 
01:21
stuff. These are the ones that go in and do the land things. They set up the whole -- they
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๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋•…์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
set up the war, basically. They set up the bases.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ธ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
The Marine Corps, these are the fighting soldiers. Marine from water -- they come in with the
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ํ•ด๋ณ‘๋Œ€, ์ด๋“ค์€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ํ•ด์–‘ - ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•ด๊ตฐ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:37
navy. The navy ships them in. They come in, and they go do all the fighting, the deep
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. ํ•ด๊ตฐ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋ณด๋‚ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹ธ์›€, ๊นŠ์€ ์‹ธ์›€์„ ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:42
fighting. Okay? These are very tough guys. The Navy -- the Navy has the ships, the submarines.
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํž˜๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๊ตฐ -- ํ•ด๊ตฐ์€ ํ•จ์„ ๊ณผ ์ž ์ˆ˜ํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
They also have jets. They have Navy pilots because they have those huge aircraft carriers
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ œํŠธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์šด๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ญ๊ณต ๋ชจํ•จ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•ด๊ตฐ ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:55
that carry the planes. The plane can take off in the middle of the sea. And of course,
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. ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ํ•œ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์„œ ์ด๋ฅ™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฌผ๋ก 
02:00
the Air Force. The Air Force has the jets, the pilots, and all of that stuff.
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๊ณต๊ตฐ๋„์š”. ๊ณต๊ตฐ์—๋Š” ์ œํŠธ๊ธฐ, ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
So these are the branches. Now, if you want to know the ranks, this is the level of the
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ๊ณ„๊ธ‰์„ ์•Œ๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
02:12
people in the armies. We have officers, and then, we have the unlisted personnel. The
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๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฅ๊ต๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ์—†๋Š” ์ง์›์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
officers -- the top is the General in the Army and in the Marine corps. In the navy,
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์žฅ๊ต๋“ค - ์ตœ๊ณ ์œ„๋Š” ์œก๊ตฐ๊ณผ ํ•ด๋ณ‘๋Œ€์˜ ์žฅ๊ตฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๊ตฐ์—๋Š”
02:25
they have an admiral. Then, you have a colonel. Although this is an L, it sounds like an R
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์ œ๋…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋Œ€๋ น์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ L์ด์ง€๋งŒ
02:32
-- "ker-nel", like popcorn kernel. You have a major; you have a captain; you have a lieutenant.
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ํŒ์ฝ˜ ์ปค๋„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ "ker-nel"์ธ R์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ „๊ณต์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์„ ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
Now, between these levels, there are all kinds of different ranks. You have a second colonel,
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜ ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆœ์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋Œ€๋ น,
02:46
a second lieutenant, etc. then, you have the lower ranks. You have sergeant; you have corporal;
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ค‘์œ„ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ณ„๊ธ‰์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ƒ๋ณ‘์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
and you have private. "Private" is the absolute lowest you can go. I'm going to use a red
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋น„๊ณต๊ฐœ"๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
pen from now. Okay. Now, if you want to know what the insignia
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ํŽœ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ž, ํœ˜์žฅ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์†Œ๋งค์˜
03:08
-- if you want to know what the stripes or the
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์ค„๋ฌด๋Šฌ๋‚˜
03:10
shapes on their sleeves are -- or the stars and the bars -- you can look that up online.
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๋ชจ์–‘ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณ„ ๊ณผ ๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
Just look for "insignia", "military insignia".
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"insignia", "military insignia"๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
03:19
Now, when we talk about soldiers, also -- you're going to see there are a lot of acronyms.
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์ž, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฐ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‘๋ฌธ์ž์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
An "acronym" is the first initial of a word. When you have a few words, you take the first
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"์•ฝ์–ด"๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ด๋‹ˆ์…œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
03:31
letter of each and put them together. "POW" -- "prisoner of war". So if I'm a soldier
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ฒซ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ฉ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "POW" -- "์ „์Ÿ ํฌ๋กœ". ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ตฐ์ธ
03:39
and my enemy catches me and holds me as a hostage, I'm a POW.
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์ด๊ณ  ์ ๊ตฐ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์žก์•„ ์ธ์งˆ๋กœ ์‚ผ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ํฌ๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
"KIA" means "killed in action". So if I go fighting and I'm killed, that's what the military
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"KIA"๋Š” "์‚ฌ๋ง์ž"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š”
03:54
lists me as, "KIA". "MIA" -- "missing in action". So the army can't find me. They don't know
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ "KIA"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์—ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "MIA" -- "์‹ค์ข… ์ค‘". ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
04:01
if I'm alive or dead. So I'm just missing in action. Okay.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃฝ์€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋†“์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
04:06
When we talk about war, when we talk about armies, we have to talk about weapons, also
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:11
called "arms". Okay? Like "arms", except it's an extension of your arm. The gun is an extension
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"๋ฌด๊ธฐ"๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ํŒ”์˜ ํ™•์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” "ํŒ”"๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์€
04:17
of your arm. So "RPG" -- "rocket-propelled grenade". So a "grenade", as we have here
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ํŒ”์˜ ์—ฐ์žฅ์„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "RPG" -- "๋กœ์ผ“ ์ถ”์ง„ ์ˆ˜๋ฅ˜ํƒ„". ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” "์ˆ˜๋ฅ˜ํƒ„"์€
04:26
-- is like a mini bomb. You put it into the gun; you shoot it; it goes, explodes; and
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์†Œํ˜• ํญํƒ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด์— ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด; ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ํญ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
you have shrapnel. "Shrapnel" are little pieces of metal. So when the grenade explodes, all
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ํŒŒํŽธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Shrapnel"์€ ์ž‘์€ ๊ธˆ์† ์กฐ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ฅ˜ํƒ„์ด ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“ 
04:38
the little pieces of metal go flying everywhere and kill and destroy.
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์ž‘์€ ๊ธˆ์† ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์ฃฝ์ด๊ณ  ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
Then, we have "IED". So non-regulated armies -- when you have fighters who are not in a
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ "IED"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋น„๊ทœ์ œ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋Š”
04:50
regular army but are still fighting, they don't have the money or the know-how, necessarily,
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์ •๊ทœ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
04:55
to build all these fancy weapons. So they make "improvised explosive devices". They
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๋…ธํ•˜์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ "๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰ํ˜• ํญ๋ฐœ ์žฅ์น˜"๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
take whatever they can find -- some fuel, some pieces of metal, a pipe, put it together,
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์—ฐ๋ฃŒ, ๊ธˆ์† ์กฐ๊ฐ, ํŒŒ์ดํ”„ ๋“ฑ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€์„œ ์กฐ๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ 
05:08
put it on the side of the road, and when the enemy comes, it explodes.
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๊ธธ๊ฐ€์— ๋†“๊ณ  ์ ์ด ์˜ค๋ฉด ํญ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
Now, again, you're going to hear -- you're going to read newspapers. You're going to
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์ด์ œ, ๋‹ค์‹œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฝ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
hear all these words. You're going to hear "rocket", "missile", and "mortar". And you're
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋กœ์ผ“", "๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ", "๋ฐ•๊ฒฉํฌ"๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
05:20
going to wonder what's the difference. So I'll tell you. A "rocket" is, basically, something
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์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ• ๊ฒŒ. "๋กœ์ผ“"์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ
05:25
that is shot from a launcher. So "launch" is a good word. "Launch" means send out or
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๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "์‹œ์ž‘"์€ ์ข‹์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Launch"๋Š” ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:34
shoot. A rocket is launched. A rocket has its own fuel. So once you shoot it, then,
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. ๋กœ์ผ“์ด ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋กœ์ผ“์—๋Š” ์ž์ฒด ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋‹จ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ฉด
05:41
the rocket starts using its fuel, and it flies further. It can go 50, 100, 150, 200 kilometers.
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๋กœ์ผ“์ด ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 50, 100, 150, 200km๋ฅผ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
The thing about a rocket is that it is "aimed". You know generally where you want to go. You
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๋กœ์ผ“์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด "์กฐ์ค€"๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ณณ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€
05:56
aim it, shoot it, and hope it gets there. A "missile", on the other hand, is "guided".
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์กฐ์ค€ํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— "๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ"์€ "์œ ๋„"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
So a missile is like a rocket, but it's bigger; it has more fuel; it can fly much further.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ์€ ๋กœ์ผ“๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋ฅผ ๋น„ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
06:12
There's something called a "ballistic missile", which can fly halfway around the world. These
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"ํƒ„๋„ ๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋“ค์€
06:18
are huge missiles. And they're guided. Is means there are computer chips inside, and
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ธ๋„๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์นฉ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
06:24
somebody back at the base, the army base, can sit there on the computer and tell the
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๊ธฐ์ง€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์•‰์•„์„œ
06:28
missile where to go, and it hits exactly where you want it to. So that's the difference between
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๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ์ด ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ๋ช…์ค‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
06:32
"rocket" and "missile".
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"๋กœ์ผ“"๊ณผ "๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ"์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
A "mortar" is also just aimed. But a mortar is like a big bullet. It's like -- however
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"๋ฐ•๊ฒฉํฌ"๋„ ์กฐ์ค€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ•๊ฒฉํฌ๋Š” ํฐ ์ด์•Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์น˜ -- ์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ
06:42
big it is, you drop it into its launcher; it pops the fuel or gunpowder -- whatever.
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ํฌ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋Ÿฐ์ฒ˜์— ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋‚˜ ํ™”์•ฝ์„ ํ„ฐ๋œจ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
And it just flies. It's lobbed. It means it just -- and again, you hope it lands where
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋กœ๋น™๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ -- ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
06:57
you want it to land. Of course, bullet is in the gun.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด์•Œ์€ ์ด์— ์žˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
Then, you have a lot of anti stuff. "Anti-tank missile", "anti-aircraft missile". So basically,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์•ˆํ‹ฐ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋Œ€์ „์ฐจ ๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ", "๋Œ€๊ณต ๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ". ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ
07:09
whatever it is you want to destroy, you have a missile and a launcher for that.
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ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ๊ณผ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
"Grenade", we spoke about.
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"์ˆ˜๋ฅ˜ํƒ„"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
Then, there's "sanctions". Now, "sanctions" are not a physical weapon. Sanctions are what
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ "์ œ์žฌ"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ "์ œ์žฌ"๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ์žฌ๋Š”
07:22
a government can do to another government to hurt it. Okay? So for example, if you go
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์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ •๋ถ€์— ํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
07:27
to the U.N.'s Security Council and you say, "These people are behaving bad. We want to
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์œ ์—” ์•ˆ์ „ ๋ณด์žฅ ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ "์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜์œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
07:32
stop all their banks from making trades. We want to not allow them to export their oil
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์€ํ–‰์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์„์œ ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
or their gas or their fruit or their -- whatever they have." So "sanctions" are restrictions.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์—ด๋งค๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ -- ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ." ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "์ œ์žฌ"๋Š” ์ œํ•œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
And this is an economic weapon. It's not a physical weapon. You can't see it. You can't
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ฌด๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€
07:50
touch it. But it could be very devastating. It could do a lot of damage.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
So now, I have a few more random vocabulary words for you. Again you're going to hear
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž„์˜์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹ค์‹œ
08:00
a lot about these in the news. A "ceasefire" basically means "cease fire", "stop shooting".
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๋‰ด์Šค์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "ํœด์ „"์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ "์‚ฌ๊ฒฉ ์ค‘์ง€", "์‚ฌ๊ฒฉ ์ค‘์ง€"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
So a "ceasefire" means everybody just stops shooting. Just relax. Wait a second. A "truce"
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "ํœด์ „"์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ด๊ฒฉ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์‰ฌ์„ธ์š”. ์ž ๊น๋งŒ. "ํœด์ „"์€
08:13
means a long ceasefire. It means you stop shooting for a long time, and maybe you're
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๊ธด ํœด์ „์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ดฌ์˜์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
08:18
going to start talking. Then, if you make an agreement, you sign a treaty. A "treaty"
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๋ง์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ์ฒด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์กฐ์•ฝ์— ์„œ๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์กฐ์•ฝ"์€
08:25
is like a contract, but it's between countries. Peace treaty, trade treaty, etc. "UNSC" -- "United
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๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‰ํ™” ์กฐ์•ฝ, ๋ฌด์—ญ ์กฐ์•ฝ ๋“ฑ "UNSC" -- "
08:34
Nations Security Council". Okay. "Boot camp" -- when these guys join -- the privates, they
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์œ ์—” ์•ˆ์ „ ๋ณด์žฅ ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ". ์ข‹์•„์š”. "์‹ ๋ณ‘ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์†Œ" -- ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•  ๋•Œ -- ์‚ฌ๋ณ‘, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
08:41
join the army; they join the Marine Corps, for example -- they go to boot camp. This
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๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•ด๋ณ‘๋Œ€์— ์ž…๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ๋ณ‘ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์†Œ์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
08:46
is where they get trained. Now, this word is used often these days for exercise. For
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ›ˆ๋ จ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜ ์šด๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
example, a yoga boot camp, a Pilates boot camp -- it means you come; we exercise like
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์š”๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๋ณ‘ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์†Œ, ํ•„๋ผํ…Œ์Šค ์‹ ๋ณ‘ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์†Œ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์นœ ๋“ฏ์ด ์šด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:57
crazy and lose pounds and again muscle and everybody's happy. In the army, just training
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ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์žƒ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ทผ์œก์„ ์žƒ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ
09:02
to go fight. The person who trains you is called a "drill sergeant". So it's the same,
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์‹ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ›ˆ๋ จํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ "๋“œ๋ฆด ์ƒ์‚ฌ"๋ผ๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
09:08
"sergeant", but a very specific one. He trains you. He's the trainer. "Troops" -- these are
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"์ƒ์‚ฌ"์™€ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Š” ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋„ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ตฐ๋Œ€" -- ์ด๋“ค์€
09:15
all troops. All soldiers are called "troops". Okay? But if you're not in a regular army,
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถ€๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตฐ์ธ์€ "๋ถ€๋Œ€"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •๊ทœ๊ตฐ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ตฐ์„
09:21
then, there are different words to talk about you as a non-regular army person.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:27
Let's see some more words.
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋” ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
Okay. So we have a few more words here to look at. I've got my black pen back by magic,
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์€ ํŽœ์„ ๋˜์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:33
somehow. A few things -- a few people that you need to know in the military besides troops.
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. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ - ๊ตฐ๋Œ€ ์™ธ์— ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์—์„œ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค.
09:38
"Guerilla" -- "guerillas" are basically soldiers who are not part of a regular army. They're
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"๊ฒŒ๋ฆด๋ผ" -- "๊ฒŒ๋ฆด๋ผ"๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๊ทœ๊ตฐ์— ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ตฐ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
09:44
actually the same as "militants". You can call them "guerillas"; you can call them "militants".
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ "๋ฌด์žฅ"๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ "๊ฒŒ๋ฆด๋ผ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ "๋ฌด์žฅ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
It's "guerilla warfare", which means you're not fighting by the standard rules of engagement,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "๊ฒŒ๋ฆด๋ผ์ „"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ํ‘œ์ค€ ๊ต์ „ ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
09:58
by the standard rules of war. Guerillas don't have rules. They do what they need to do to
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ํ‘œ์ค€ ์ „์Ÿ ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ๋ฆด๋ผ์—๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
10:03
win, and the same with militants. The group of militants is called a "militia". Okay.
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๋ฌด์žฅ์„ธ๋ ฅ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์žฅ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋ฅผ "๋ฏผ๋ณ‘๋Œ€"๋ผ๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
10:09
That's just the group.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
Now, of course you have -- in a war, you have an enemy. But you also have an "ally" or "allies"
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์ด์ œ, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ „์Ÿ์—์„œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‘˜ ์ด์ƒ์ด๋ฉด "๋™๋งน"๋˜๋Š” "๋™๋งน"๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:19
if you have more than one. Now, and then you have a "coalition". When you create a group
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. ์ด์ œ "์—ฐํ•ฉ"์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฃน,
10:24
-- of nations, especially -- or groups that join together for a common fight, that is
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ณตํ†ต์˜ ์‹ธ์›€์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉด
10:30
a "coalition". So you hear a lot about that in the news as well.
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"์—ฐํ•ฉ"์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‰ด์Šค์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
Now, you're going to hear about "battle". You're going to hear "conflict". And you're
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์ด์ œ "์ „ํˆฌ"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "์ถฉ๋Œ"์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€
10:38
going to hear "war". A "war" is made up of many battles. You have a little battle here;
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"์ „์Ÿ"์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ „์Ÿ"์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ „ํˆฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „ํˆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
you have a little battle here; you have a little battle here; and together, you have
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „ํˆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „ํˆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•จ๊ป˜, ๋‹น์‹ ์€
10:46
a war. Now, a lot of times, you're going to hear about a "conflict". Technically, a "conflict"
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์ „์Ÿ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "์ถฉ๋Œ"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ "์ถฉ๋Œ"์€
10:52
is a polite word for "war". The reason they use "conflict" and not "war" is because of
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"์ „์Ÿ"์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด "์ „์Ÿ"์ด ์•„๋‹Œ "์ถฉ๋Œ"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
10:58
the legal system. If you say "war", there are different laws that apply. If you say
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๋ฒ• ์ฒด๊ณ„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ „์Ÿ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์ด ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
"conflict", it just means you're having a little bit of trouble with your neighbor.
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"conflict"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด์›ƒ๊ณผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
You're bombing them. They're bombing you. But it's just a conflict. You know, you'll
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํญ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํญ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
make up soon; you'll be friends soon. So it's a polite way to say "war" without the legal obligations.
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๊ณง ํ™”ํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณง ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฒ•์  ์˜๋ฌด ์—†์ด "์ „์Ÿ"์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
Now, when you talk about war, again, you have an "offensive". An "offensive" is when you
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์ด์ œ ์ „์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹ค์‹œ "๊ณต์„ธ"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ณต๊ฒฉ"์€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:21
attack. A "counter-offensive" is when the other side attacks back. So you start an offensive;
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. "๋ฐ˜๊ฒฉ"์€ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์ด ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
you start to attack; you're trying to advance on your enemy's territory. They're counter-attacking,
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๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ ์˜ ์˜ํ† ์—์„œ ์ „์ง„ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
11:36
trying to "repel" you, to push you back. Now, if you have an "incursion", it means you've
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ "๊ฒฉํ‡ด"์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ "์นจ์ž…"์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
11:42
entered the enemy's territory; you were able to get inside. "Incursion" means get inside.
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์ ์˜ ์˜ํ† ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Incursion์€ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
Now, if you go in and you're able to destroy a lot and kill a lot of people, then, we call
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์ด์ œ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดด ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ฃฝ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
11:51
this situation an "onslaught". You're advancing and killing and destroying as you go.
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์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ "๋งน๊ณต"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ „์ง„ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ฃฝ์ด๊ณ  ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
Again, none of this is good stuff, but it's in the news. You probably need to know what
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‰ด์Šค์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:03
they're talking about. You might hear this expression often: "boots on the ground" or
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. "๋ถ€์ธ  ์˜จ ๊ทธ๋ผ์šด๋“œ" ๋˜๋Š”
12:08
"ground forces". Most wars these days -- we're very technologically advanced, so most wars
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"๊ทธ๋ผ์šด๋“œ ํฌ์Šค"๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์€ -- ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์ง„๋ณดํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์€
12:15
are from the sky and from computers. But if you send soldiers into a territory, then,
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ํ•˜๋Š˜๊ณผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตฐ์ธ์„ ์˜ํ† ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:23
you are putting boots -- like, boots, shoes -- on the ground, soldiers. Boots on the ground
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๊ตฐ์ธ์„ ๋•…์— ์‹ ๋ฐœ์„ ์‹ ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€์ƒ์˜ ์žฅํ™”
12:28
-- soldiers. Ground forces -- soldiers, walking in, guns, knives, RPGs, whatever it takes.
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-- ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค. ์ง€์ƒ๊ตฐ - ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ, ์ง„์ž… , ์ด, ์นผ, RPG ๋“ฑ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ.
12:36
There you go. If you need to talk about war or about the military you have some vocabulary
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์ž. ์ „์Ÿ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด์ œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:42
now. You can always go to www.engvid.com and do the quiz. Make sure you understand all
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. ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ www.engvid.com์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
12:47
these words. If you have any questions, please ask in the comments section. Please do not
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. ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜๊ฒฌ ์„น์…˜์—์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:54
bring politics into the comments section. This is about English and only English. We
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๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์„น์…˜์— ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด์™€ ์˜์–ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
13:01
don't need to make any comments about anything. Ask your English questions. Help each other
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์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
13:06
with the English, and everybody will be okay. You can read newspapers. Watch CNN if that's
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋„์šฐ๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด CNN์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
13:12
what gets you going. And it's all good. Okay. I'll see you again soon.
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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