Learn First Aid Vocabulary in English – It could save your life!

481,989 views ・ 2017-03-02

Adam’s English Lessons


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

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Hi.
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Welcome to www.engvid.com.
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I'm Adam.
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In today's video we're going to look at: "First Aid".
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Basically, taking care of somebody during an emergency if some bad thing happened, like
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a car accident or you fell down while mountain climbing, or anything bad that happened where
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you got injured or wounded, you're going to be receiving first aid before they get you
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to the hospital where they're going to take care of you.
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So, first, as the name implies, first aid is the first thing they do
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when the emergency happened.
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Somebody will call 911.
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In some countries I'm pretty sure it's 119, but again, wherever you are make sure you
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know the emergency number for EMS, the emergency medical services.
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Basically these are the people that send the ambulance and come in the ambulance.
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They're also called first responders.
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They're the first people to respond to the call to come and make sure everything's okay
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or to try to make everything okay.
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The people who drive the ambulance are called paramedics.
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Okay? You will also find paramedics in fire trucks.
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Usually ambulances and fire trucks come together.
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The fire trucks have a lot more equipment on them.
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Now, the first thing they're going to want to do is figure out what's going on, so they're
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going to assess the situation.
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Right? They're going to look around, see what kind of injury's involved, what kind of action
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they need to take, for example.
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But sometimes they come, they see blood everywhere, right away they know they need to stabilize.
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"Stabilize" means make stable, means if somebody's bleeding, first stop the bleeding.
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If somebody is having a heart attack or somebody's in shock, stop that situation first before
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you do-excuse me-anything else.
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Now, one of the things they're also going to do is demobilize.
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"Demobilize" means make sure that the person who is injured doesn't move.
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Can't move, can't be moved.
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Okay?
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They will put him in a straight line, make sure that everything is secure so if he moves
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or she does even more damage, that's not a good thing.
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So, stabilize, demobilize, assess what's going on.
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And then what you're going to do is you're going to administer first aid.
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So we don't do first aid, we don't make first aid.
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We administer.
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It basically means, like, give, but we...
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This is the more common word.
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You can say give first aid and you attend to the person, means you take care of them,
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you figure out what they need, give them that.
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Okay?
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Now, in some cases they're going to have to defibrillate.
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They're going to use a defibrillator.
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This is a machine that sends an electric shock into the body.
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So if someone's having a heart attack, for example, and their heart just stops beating,
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they're going to take the two paddles, they're going to charge the machine with electricity,
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going to put them two paddles, and: "Whoom", send electricity into the body, get that heart
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pumping again.
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So this machine is called a defibrillator.
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The action is to defibrillate.
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Okay?
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Now, it is becoming more and more common to see these machines in all kinds of areas;
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on planes and trains they have them, in many public places they have a machine ready just
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in case somebody needs it.
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Hopefully not.
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Something else they might have to do is give CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
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To resuscitate basically means to bring back to life.
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So CPR, if somebody stops breathing, if the lungs stop pumping air in and out of the body,
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then they're going to have to give CPR, administer CPR.
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Somebody will have...
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They can have a bag with a pump or somebody will just have to put their mouth on your
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mouth and blow air into your lungs.
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Fill the lungs, push it out, fill the lungs, push it out, make sure everything is okay
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until the lungs start basically working by themselves.
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So that's called CPR.
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Another thing they may do, they may...
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Again, this is part of the demobilizing, they're going to put a neck brace around your neck.
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It's a... Basically it's a piece of hard cloth, it's thick, they put it around so you can't move
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your head.
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If you injured your neck and you're moving around, you could end up being paralyzed.
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Okay?
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Paralyzed...
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If you become paralyzed means you've damaged your spine, the bone down your back and you
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won't be able to move your legs, maybe you won't be able to move your upper body.
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Not a good situation.
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So they put a neck brace so you can't do any damage to your spine.
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Then they will put you on a stretcher, it's a long board, sometimes with wheels if it's
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the ambulance.
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Otherwise, like for example, soldiers, they just have a board.
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They put you on there, they make sure you're secure, then they lift you up and carry you
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to the hospital.
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Okay?
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So these are the first steps, but just because this is the main things that the ambulance
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guys do... Excuse me.
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The paramedics, it doesn't mean that you can't also administer first aid for somewhat more
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minor things. Okay?
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So it's very important that you keep and always have ready a first aid kit.
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So we're going to look at what a...
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What should be inside a first aid kit now.
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Okay, so everybody should have a first aid kit ready somewhere.
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You should have one at home, maybe have one in your car.
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Especially if you're going to go on a road trip, make sure you have one with you.
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If you're going to go to some remote areas where there aren't phones or towns or hospitals,
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take a first aid kit with you.
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So, basically, the essentials of a first aid kit are a bandage.
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If you got a small cut, this is like a sticky basically cloth and you put it over the cut,
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and it stops the cut, absorbs the blood, and then you go on and you fix it later.
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If you...
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If you have a very deep cut, then you're probably going to need stitches.
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Now, some people are not very comfortable taking a needle and thread, and sewing themselves.
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So what you want to do is you want to put gauze on it, you want to stop the bleeding,
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get to a hospital quickly and they will put stiches in for you.
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They will basically join the skin together with a stapler or with needle, and close it.
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Gauze, you've all seen it, it's this white sheet, you can see through it.
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It's very light with lots of little holes.
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And you wrap it around the wound and you...
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But before that, you put some antiseptic, you clean it first of all, and then you wrap
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it, you put a dressing on it.
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So this gauze is called a dressing.
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Okay?
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But before that you clean it.
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How do you clean it?
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With antiseptic.
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You can have pads, so like they're little packets, they're wet.
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You use it to clean, and then you put the gauze.
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Some people take a whole bottle of alcohol and some cotton pads, and they clean it off.
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You might want to put some antiseptic ointment.
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Ointment is like a...
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Basically like a little liquid.
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It's thick, it comes in a tube.
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If you have a burn or if you have a cut, you put the ointment on the...
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On the wounded area basically, and then you dress it with some gauze.
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Okay?
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You should also have tweezers.
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Tweezers are like...
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Like little metal things, like you can pick things out with.
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Like if you have a splinter.
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Okay? I'll put it here. Splinter.
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If you're walking in the woods and a very small piece of wood goes into your skin, it
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hurts a lot so you want to pick it out.
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Right? So they're little tweezers, they can do that.
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Or scissors, so you can cut the gauze and whatever else you need.
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And a splint.
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So if you break something, if you break a bone and you need to basically make it stable,
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you want to make it straight and not move around too much, you use a splint.
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Or if you need to basically...
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So you broke the arm or the shoulder, you put the arm here, you put a little thing,
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a splint on it, and it doesn't move around so you don't damage it even more.
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Now, there's many things that can happen in any situation.
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You can get injured or you can get wounded.
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Injury is internal.
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You won't see it, but you'll definitely know about it.
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It'll be very painful.
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A wound is on the outside.
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You will bleed or there'll be something very visible.
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So, a fracture.
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A fracture basically means you've broken a bone.
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Okay?
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Now, the bone can be...
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Let's say this is a bone for...
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If you have any pets you know what this looks like.
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A break is like this.
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A fracture is basically down the bone. Right?
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Either way you need to go to the hospital to take care of it.
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A tear.
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If you... Inside you have muscles.
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If you tore a muscle you might not be able to move very much.
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Not very much you can do with first aid, but you help the person be as stable as possible,
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get them to the hospital.
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If somebody has a bruise, you will see the black or blue, or whatever colour it turns,
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but that's also inside.
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There's bleeding inside.
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You need to maybe put some ice on it or do something, get the person sitting down, off
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his or her feet, get the blood flowing the other way.
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A sprain means when you twist something.
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It's almost broken, but not broken, but there's definitely damage.
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It will swell.
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There will be swelling.
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Swelling is when the, like, area...
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For example, if I sprained my wrist my wrist will become suddenly big like this.
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Okay? Very painful as well.
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Whiplash. If you're driving in a car and you're wearing your seatbelt and you suddenly hit something,
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your whole body goes forward and back. Right?
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So that motion creates whiplash.
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Sorry about that.
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So if you have whiplash, that's also very dangerous as well.
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Now, stroke.
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Stroke I'm not talking about like a head stroke which is very serious, but there's not much
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you're going to be able to do in terms of first aid.
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Sun stroke, heat stroke.
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Okay?
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If you have any of these, you need to get the person first of all to the shade, you
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need to cool them down right away as much as you possibly can, get them to the hospital,
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they'll get some water, some salts, etc.
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A wound is visible, it's a cut.
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The skin is broken, blood is coming out.
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You're bleeding.
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A tear also could be like...
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It's like a cut.
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Basically you've torn some skin off, there's going to be blood, it's going to be kind of ugly.
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If somebody got dismembered means a part of the body came off.
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Like, if you got hit by a car and your arm came off, what you need to do first, get that
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arm, put it on ice, get the person to the hospital, maybe they can sew it back on.
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Okay?
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So...
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But it's very not only important to have all these things and to know what you're talking
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about, it's very important to know how to administer first aid.
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So, if there is a first aid course near your house or not too far, I highly recommend that
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everybody take a first aid course so in any case of emergency
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you can save somebody's life.
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You might even be able to save your own life by telling somebody what to do for you.
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Okay?
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Very, very important.
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So I hope this was helpful.
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There's a quiz at www.engvid.com where you can test your knowledge of the new vocabulary,
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and you can ask questions there as well in the forum.
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If you like the video, please subscribe to my YouTube channel.
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There'll be lots more coming like this.
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And yeah, if you have any questions, come ask me and I'll see you again real soon.
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Bye-bye.
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